高频喷射通气治疗PE—SWD兔血气和Na^＋—K^＋—ATPase图？…

为了探讨高频喷射通气（ＨＦＪＶ）治疗海水淹溺肺水肿（ＰＥ－ＳＷＤ）的作用机理,采用全自动血气酸碱分析仪和计算机图像分析系统对海水淹溺肺水肿组（ＰＥ－ＳＷＤ－Ｇ）、高频喷射通气组（ＨＦＪＶ－Ｇ）和正常对照组（ＯＮＴＲＯＬ ＧＲＯＰＵ,ｃｇ）兔ＰａＯ２、ＰａＣＯ２血氧饱和度（ＳａＯ２和兔肺内Ｎａ＾＋－Ｋ＾＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ进行自动检测和定量分析。结果表明,ＰＥ－ＳＷＤ经ＨＦＪＶ治疗１００ｍｉｎ,ＨＦＪＶ     

LIGHT SCATTERING PROPERTY OF HUMAN BLOOD AT THE WAVELENGTH OF 810NM

ＬＩＧＨＴＳＣＡＴＴＥＲＩＮＧＰＲＯＰＥＲＴＹＯＦＨＵＭＡＮＢＬＯＯＤＡＴＴＨＥＷＡＶＥＬＥＮＧＴＨＯＦ８１０ＮＭＬＩＧＨＴＳＣＡＴＴＥＲＩＮＧＰＲＯＰＥＲＴＹＯＦＨＵＭＡＮＢＬＯＯＤＡＴＴＨＥＷＡＶＥＬＥＮＧＴＨＯＦ８１０ＮＭＪｉａｎＺｈｏｎｇ；Ｄ...     

CHANGES OF 6-K-PGF_(1a) RELEASE FROM THE LUMINAL SURFACE OF DACRON SEEDED WITH AUTOLOOUS VENOUS TISSUE FRAGMENTS

ＣＨＡＮＧＥＳＯＦ６－Ｋ－ＰＧＦ１ａＲＥＬＥＡＳＥＦＲＯＭＴＨＥＬＵＭＩＮＡＬＳＵＲＦＡＣＥＯＦＤＡＣＲＯＮＳＥＥＤＥＤＷＩＴＨＡＵＴＯＬＯＯＵＳＶＥＮＯＵＳＴＩＳＳＵＥＦＲＡＧＭＥＮＴＳＣＨＡＮＧＥＳＯＦ６－Ｋ－ＰＧＦ１ａＲＥＬＥＡＳＥＦＲＯＭＴＨ...     

DEVELOPED IMPROVED AND CLINICAL APPLICATION OF BIPOLAR HIP PROSTHESIS—2—13 YEARS FOLLOW—UP

ＤＥＶＥＬＯＰＥＤＩＭＰＲＯＶＥＤＡＮＤＣＬＩＮＩＣＡＬＡＰＰＬＩＣＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＢＩＰＯＬＡＲＨＩＰＰＲＯＳＴＨＥＳＩＳ—２—１３ＹＥＡＲＳＦＯＬＬＯＷ—ＵＰＤＥＶＥＬＯＰＥＤＩＭＰＲＯＶＥＤＡＮＤＣＬＩＮＩＣＡＬＡＰＰＬＩＣＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＢＩＰＯ...     

ELECTRON MICROSCOPE ANALYSIS OF MITOCHONDRIA ON RENAL TUBULE CELL SUFFERED WARM ISCHEMIC AND REPER FUSIVE DAMAGE IN RABBITS

ＥＬＥＣＴＲＯＮＭＩＣＲＯＳＣＯＰＥＡＮＡＬＹＳＩＳＯＦＭＩＴＯＣＨＯＮＤＲＩＡＯＮＲＥＮＡＬＴＵＢＵＬＥＣＥＬＬＳＵＦＦＥＲＥＤＷＡＲＭＩＳＣＨＥＭＩＣＡＮＤＲＥＰＥＲＦＵＳＩＶＥＤＡＭＡＧＥＩＮＲＡＢＢＩＴＳＥＬＥＣＴＲＯＮＭＩＣＲＯＳＣＯＰＥＡ...     

EFFECT OF SUSPENDING MEDIUM VISCOSITY ONORIENTATION AND DEFORMATION OF RBCs IN A SHEAR FlOW FIELD

ＥＦＦＥＣＴＯＦＳＵＣＰＥＮＤＩＮＧＭＥＤＩＵＭＶＩＳＣＯＳＩＴＹＯＮＯＲＩＥＮＴＡＴＩＯＮＡＮＤＤＥＦＯＲＭＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＲＢＣＳＩＮＡＳＨＥＡＲＦｌＯＷＦＩＥＬＤＷｅｎＺｏｎｇ－ｙａｏ，ＭａＷｅｉｙｕａｎ，ＧａｏＴｉｅ，ＳｕｎＤａｇｏｎｇＤｅｐａ...     

TREATMENT OF FULMINANT LIVER FAILURE WISTAR RATS WITH IMPLANTED ARTIFICIAL CELLS MICROENCAPSULATED LIVING HEPATOCYTES

ＴＲＥＡＴＭＥＮＴＯＦＦＵＬＭＩＮＡＮＴＬＩＶＥＲＦＡＩＬＵＲＥＷＩＳＴＡＲＲＡＴＳＷＩＴＨＩＭＰＬＡＮＴＥＤＡＲＴＩＦＩＣＩＡＬＣＥＬＬＳＭＩＣＲＯＥＮＣＡＰＳＵＬＡＴＥＤＬＩＶＩＮＧＨＥＰＡＴＯＣＹＴＥＳＳｏｎｇＪｉｃｈａｎｇ，ＬｉＴａｏ，ＸｕＪ...     

A NEW ANALYTICAL METHOD FOR O_2 AND CO_2 TRANSFER IN SHELL-AND-TUBE(INTRA-LUMINALFLOW)OXYGEN AT ORS

ＡＮＥＷＡＮＡＬＹＴＩＣＡＬＭＥＴＨＯＤＦＯＲＯ２ＡＮＤＣＯ２ＴＲＡＮＳＦＥＲＩＮＳＨＥＬＬ－ＡＮＤ－ＴＵＢＥ（ＩＮＴＲＡ－ＬＵＭＩＮＡＬＦＬＯＷ）ＯＸＹＧＥＮＡＴＯＲＳＡＮＥＷＡＮＡＬＹＴＩＣＡＬＭＥＴＨＯＤＦＯＲＯ２ＡＮＤＣＯ２ＴＲＡＮＳＦＥＲＩ...     

THE DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES OF HUMAN FETAL ORGAN TISSUES AT RADIO AND MICROWAVE FREQUENCISE

ＴＨＥＤＩＥＬＥＣＴＲＩＣＰＲＯＰＥＲＴＩＥＳＯＦＨＵＭＡＮＦＥＴＡＬＯＲＧＡＮＴＩＳＳＵＥＳＡＴＲＡＤＩＯＡＮＤＭＩＣＲＯＷＡＶＥＦＲＥＱＵＥＮＣＩＳＥＴＨＥＤＩＥＬＥＣＴＲＩＣＰＲＯＰＥＲＴＩＥＳＯＦＨＵＭＡＮＦＥＴＡＬＯＲＧＡＮＴＩＳＳＵＥＳＡ...     

STUDY OF A DIVICE ON THE WATCH FOR PARAMETER OF BLOOD PRESSURE AND ITS FLOW BY UNDAMAGED METHOD

ＳＴＵＤＹＯＦＡＤＩＶＩＣＥＯＮＴＨＥＷＡＴＣＨＦＯＲＰＡＲＡＭＥＴＥＲＯＦＢＬＯＯＤＰＲＥＳＳＵＲＥＡＮＤＩＴＳＦＬＯＷＢＹＵＮＤＡＭＡＧＥＤＭＥＴＨＯＤＳＴＵＤＹＯＦＡＤＩＶＩＣＥＯＮＴＨＥＷＡＴＣＨＦＯＲＰＡＲＡＭＥＴＥＲＯＦＢＬＯＯＤＰＲＥＳ...     

线性周期化训练和非线性周期化训练对慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者的影响

目的 比较线性周期化训练和非线性周期化训练对慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者的影响。方法 选取2018年2月~10月符合纳入标准的慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）并在我院接受肺康复训练的患者60例,随机分为实验一组、实验二组和对照组,每组20例。对照组接受常规药物治疗和护理,实验一组在常规治疗的基础上给与线性周期化肺康复训练,实验二组在常规治疗的基础上给与非线性周期化肺康复训练,为期8周。分别比较三组患者干预前和干预8周后肺功能指标（FVC、FEV1、FEV1%pred）、6MWD和BODE指数。结果 干预8周后对照组无明显肺功能指标无明显改变,实验一组和实验二组均有改善,且实验二组改善程度优于实验一组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;干预8周后三组患者6MWD和BODE指数均有改善,实验二组优于实验一组,实验一组优于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 肺康复可以有效改善COPD患者的肺功能指标和运动耐量,非线性周期性训练疗效显著,值得借鉴应用。     

COPD education and cognitive behavioral therapy group treatment for clinically significant symptoms of depression and anxiety in COPD patients: a randomized controlled trial

BACKGROUND: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) affects 14 to 20 million Americans and is associated with increased prevalence of affective disorders, contributing significantly to disability. This study compared cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) group treatment for anxiety and depression with COPD education for COPD patients with moderate-to-severe anxiety and/or depressive symptoms. METHOD: A randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted between 11 July 2002 and 30 April 2005 at the Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX. Participants were 238 patients treated for COPD the year before, with forced expiratory value in 1 second (FEV)1/forced vital capacity (FVC)<70% and FEV1<70% predicted, and symptoms of moderate anxiety and/or moderate depression, who were being treated by a primary care provider or pulmonologist. Participants attended eight sessions of CBT or COPD education. Assessments were at baseline, at 4 and 8 weeks, and 4, 8 and 12 months. Primary outcomes were disease-specific and generic quality of life (QoL) [Chronic Respiratory Questionnaire (CRQ) and Medical Outcomes Survey Short Form-36 (SF-36) respectively]. Secondary outcomes were anxiety [Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI)], depressive symptoms [Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II)], 6-minute walk distance (6MWD) and use of health services. RESULTS: Both treatments significantly improved QoL, anxiety and depression (p<0.005) over 8 weeks; the rate of change did not differ between groups. Improvements were maintained with no significant change during follow-up. Ratios of post- to pretreatment use of health services were equal to 1 for both groups. CONCLUSIONS: CBT group treatment and COPD education can achieve sustainable improvements in QoL for COPD patients experiencing moderate-to-severe symptoms of depression or anxiety.     

艾司西酞普兰对慢性阻塞性肺疾病合并抑郁焦虑患者的疗效及生存质量的影响

目的研究艾司西酞普兰对慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者抑郁焦虑症状疗效及安全性,并评价患者用药前后的生活质量。方法采用汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)及汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)(17项)测量心理状况,将总分值分别大于10和12分判定存在轻中度焦虑、抑郁症状的COPD患者共53例分为艾司西酞普兰组(29例)及对照组(24例),治疗4周后再检测患者COPD的各项指标并用圣乔治呼吸问卷(SGRQ)评价生活质量,应用副反应量表(TESS)记录药物副反应。结果①在53例COPD患者中有抑郁症状20例(37.74%),焦虑症状22例(41.51%),抑郁及焦虑症状并存11例(20.75%);②30例男性COPD患者中表现抑郁症状为40.0%(12/30),焦虑症状为43.3%(13/30);23例女性COPD患者中有抑郁症状34.8%(8/23),焦虑症状为39.1%(9/23),两性间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);③COPD患者治疗前后HAMA及HAMD评分比较:服用艾司西酞普兰治疗前后各阶段的HAMA、HAMD总分下降与治疗前有显著性差异(P<0.05)。FEV1占预计值及FEV1/FVC(%)均有明显改善(P<0.05),生活质量各评分与对照组比较,差异有显著性意义(P<0.05)。结论艾司西酞普兰能改善COPD患者的焦虑及抑郁症状,治疗期间不良反应较少,能明显提高患者的生活质量。     

Improving outcomes for COPD patients with mild‐to‐moderate anxiety and depression: A systematic review of cognitive behavioural therapy

Purpose Anxiety and depression are highly prevalent in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and are associated with lower levels of self‐efficacy, impaired health status, poorer treatment outcomes and reduced survival following emergency admission. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) may be effective for treating anxiety and depression in COPD patients but evidence for this is uncertain. Methods A systematic review of controlled trials that evaluated the effectiveness of CBT for treating mild‐to‐moderate anxiety or depression in adults with clinically stable COPD. Ovid electronic bibliographic databases were searched from inception to May 2006; all content held by the Cochrane Library Issue 3, 2006 was also searched. Results One small randomized controlled trial (RCT) of moderate quality showed that CBT, when given with exercise training and education, was associated with large and significant treatment effects for both anxiety (?1.39 (95% CIs ?2.19, ?0.59)) and depression (?0.86 (95% CIs ?1.61, ?0.11)). Additionally, a larger RCT of higher quality demonstrated that CBT, when given with exercise and education, was associated with large and significant treatment effects for depression (?0.76 (95% CIs ?1.34, ?0.17)), but not for anxiety. No other included study reported significant reductions in either anxiety or depression in COPD patients given CBT. Conclusion There is only limited evidence that CBT, when used with exercise and education, can contribute to significant reductions in anxiety and depression in COPD patients. There is scope for a well‐powered RCT to evaluate the effectiveness and acceptability of CBT among this patient population.     

Exercise and the inflammatory response in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)-Does training confer anti-inflammatory properties in COPD?

There is increasing evidence that systemic inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of COPD. Inflammatory markers show relationships with exercise performance, health related quality of life and breathlessness. These are important clinical outcomes in the management of COPD. Even more so is the consideration that systemic inflammation in COPD may be directly associated with mortality and deterioration of disease. Long-term exercise training clearly has beneficial properties in healthy subjects, whether the same is true in COPD remains to be seen. This review discusses aspects of the anti-inflammatory effects of exercise in relation to patients with COPD. There is intriguing evidence that the exercise-induced cytokine response differs in COPD patients compared with healthy subjects. We consider the role of IL-6 in the manifestation of fatigue in COPD and consider the implications of raised CRP- and TNF-alpha. Early data suggests beneficial effects of polyunsaturated fatty acid PUFA supplementation and exercise training in combination with appropriate nutritional support may yield rewarding therapeutic benefits. This review raises the hypothesis that physical training in COPD is associated with immunological changes that may confer anti-inflammatory benefits and in part, explain changes seen after pulmonary rehabilitation in COPD patients.     

Effects of short-term pulmonary rehabilitation on exercise capacity and quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Although the rehabilitation of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) improves both exercise capacity and quality of life, a standard protocol for COPD patients has not been established. To clarify whether physiologic and quality-of-life improvements can be achieved by an inpatient pulmonary rehabilitation program 5 days per week for 3 weeks, 18 patients with COPD were enrolled in a rehabilitation program. The physical exercise training regimen consisted of respiratory muscle stretch gymnastics and cycle ergometer exercise training. Pulmonary function tests, an incremental ergometer exercise test, a 6-min walking test, and a quality of life assessment by the Chronic Respiratory Questionnaire were administered before and after the program. The peak VO2, an indicator of maximal exercise capacity, did not increase, although the 6-min walking distance, an indicator of functional exercise capacity, increased significantly after rehabilitation. There was a significant improvement in the quality of life in terms of dyspnea, fatigue, and emotional state. These findings suggest that even a 3-week program may be beneficial for COPD patients. Increases in functional exercise capacity, even without an increase in maximal exercise capacity, are helpful for reducing dyspnea and improving quality of life parameters in patients with COPD.     

追踪式综合康复护理干预在改善农村COPD稳定期患者肺功能的效果研究

目的：探讨追踪式综合护理干预在改善农村慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,COPD)稳定患者肺功能和生活质量的影响。方法：将70例农村稳定期COPD患者随机分为干预组和对照组各35例,干预组采用追踪式综合康复护理,即在常规治疗的同时进行呼吸功能训练,运动,营养和心理等方面的护理干预。对照组采用常规治疗和自行锻炼,比较干预前后两组患者肺功能,George呼吸问卷(St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire,SGRQ)评分,6分钟步行距离,急性加重发作例次数和住院例次数。结果：干预前,两组患者肺功能指标、SGRQ评分、6分钟步行距离,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后6个月,两组患者肺功能指标以及SGRQ评分,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论：追踪式综合康复护理能够改善农村COPD稳定期患者肺功能和生活质量。     

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Assessment Test Can Predict Depression: A Prospective Multi-Center Study

This study was conducted to investigate the association between the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) assessment test (CAT) and depression in COPD patients. The Korean versions of the CAT and patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) were used to assess COPD symptoms and depressive disorder, respectively. In total, 803 patients with COPD were enrolled from 32 hospitals and the prevalence of depression was 23.8%. The CAT score correlated well with the PHQ-9 score (r=0.631; P<0.001) and was significantly associated with the presence of depression (β±standard error, 0.452±0.020; P<0.001). There was a tendency toward increasing severity of depression in patients with higher CAT scores. By assessment groups based on the 2011 Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease guidelines, the prevalence of depression was affected more by current symptoms than by airway limitation. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for the CAT was 0.849 for predicting depression, and CAT scores ≥21 had the highest accuracy rate (80.6%). Among the eight CAT items, energy score showed the best correlation and highest power of discrimination. CAT scores are significantly associated with the presence of depression and have good performance for predicting depression in COPD patients.     

Dyspnea self-management in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: moderating effects of depressed mood

The effects of three versions of a dyspnea self-management program on depressed mood and the moderating effects of baseline depression risk on improvements in dyspnea severity, exercise performance, and physical and social functioning were examined over a 2-month period in 100 patients with moderate to severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). All three versions of the dyspnea self-management programs, which differed in the amount of supervised exercise (no sessions or four or 24 sessions), equally and significantly improved depressed mood. Subjects at high risk for depression at study entry who received 24 sessions had greater reduction in dyspnea than those who received four sessions or no sessions. Patients with COPD at high risk for depression are likely to achieve greater relief of dyspnea with self-management programs that include more intensive supervised exercise.     

Depression and type A behavior pattern in patients with coronary artery disease: relationships to painful versus silent myocardial ischemia and beta-endorphin responses during exercise.

A sample of 45 patients with a history of coronary heart disease and documented myocardial ischemia during exercise testing were evaluated in an investigation of the possible relationships between psychological factors (depression and Type A behavior pattern), plasma beta-endorphin response and pain experience during maximal exercise-induced ischemia. Depression was assessed using the MMPI-D subscale, while Type A was evaluated using the Structured Interview. All patients developed ischemia during exercise as defined by ST-segment depression; however, only 18 patients reported anginal pain. Patients with high depression scores (MMPI-D greater than or equal to 70; n = 13) showed lesser increases in plasma beta-endorphin levels, tended more often to report anginal pain and rated pain as more severe during exercise than patients with low depression scores (MMPI-D less than 60; n = 18). Hemodynamic responses and severity of ischemia (assessed by ejection fraction changes and wall-motion abnormalities) did not differ between depression groups. Even after adjustment for group differences in exercise duration, depression was significantly associated with a lesser beta-endorphin response in the sample as a whole and, among patients reporting angina, with earlier pain onset and greater pain duration and severity. In contrast, when Type A versus B/X subgroups were compared, no differences in pain experience, beta-endorphin response or measures of ischemia were obtained. These findings suggest that in patients with ischemic heart disease, there may be a relationship between depression and anginal pain which may in part involve a blunted or absent beta-endorphin response.