丁苯酞软胶囊联合长春西汀对颈内动脉粥样硬化性脑梗死神经功能恢复的影响

目的探讨丁苯酞软胶囊联合长春西汀在颈内动脉粥样硬化性脑梗死神经功能恢复的影响。方法选择2011-03—2012-12我院收治的110例颈内动脉粥样硬化性脑梗死患者为研究对象,随机分为观察组和对照组各55例,对照组在常规治疗基础上加用长春西汀治疗,观察组在常规治疗基础上联合丁苯酞软胶囊与长春西汀,观察比较2组治疗前后NIHSS(神经功能缺损评价量表)评分、Barthel(日常生活能力评价量表)评分及临床疗效。结果观察组治疗后NIHSS评分(10.2±3.2)分明显低于对照组的(13.2±4.6)分,而Barthel评分(74.6±15.6)分明显高于对照组的(62.5±15.6)分,组间比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组总有效率89.09%明显高于对照组67.27%,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论对颈内动脉粥样硬化性脑梗死患者应用长春西汀联合丁苯酞软胶囊治疗具有促进神经功能恢复的功效,值得推广使用。     

丁苯酞软胶囊对急性脑梗死患者神经功能缺损及日常生活活动能力恢复的影响

目的探讨丁苯酞软胶囊治疗急性脑梗死的临床效果。方法 60例患者采用随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组各30例,对照组加用吡拉西坦片,观察组加用丁苯酞软胶囊,连续给药2个疗程。入院时、治疗10d及20d末采用中国脑卒中临床神经功能缺损程度评分量表(CSS)评价神经功能,日常生活活动能力量表(Barthel指数)评价生活能力。结果入院时,观察组CSS及Barthel指数评分与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);治疗10d及20d末,2组患者CSS评分较入院时降低,Barthel指数评分较入院时升高,但观察组改善幅度更大,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组总有效率93.3%,观察组为76.7%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论丁苯酞软胶囊治疗急性脑梗死,可明显著改善患者神经功能和日常生活活动能力,减少致残率,提高生活质量。     

不同剂量丁苯酞与安慰剂治疗脑梗死的近远期疗效比较

目的研究不同剂量丁苯酞与安慰剂治疗脑梗死的近远期疗效。方法选择2012-03-2015-03我院收治的150例脑梗死患者为研究对象,随机分为3组,每组50例。3组均给予常规治疗,在此基础上观察1组给予丁苯酞软胶囊200mg/次,4次/d;观察2组给予丁苯酞软胶囊100mg/次,4次/d;对照组给予安慰剂200mg/次,4次/d。3组均治疗4周。治疗结束后比较3组神经功能缺损情况和日常生活能力变化。结果观察1组治疗2周、4周及6个月神经功能缺损(NIHSS评分分别为(18.76±3.21)分、(11.26±1.84)分及(5.31±1.26)分,均显著低于其他2组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)日常生活能力Brathel指数量表评分分别为(64.36±10.37)分、(74.97±7.62)分及(84.23±7.22)分,均显著高于其他2组差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论大剂量丁苯酞治疗脑梗死疗效显著,可显著改善患者神经功能缺损状况,提高日常生活活动能力。     

丁苯酞软胶囊治疗急性脑梗死疗效观察

目的观察丁苯酞软胶囊治疗急性脑梗死的疗效。方法将急性脑梗死96例随机分成丁苯酞治疗组和对照组各48例。用药后观察临床疗效及NIHSS评分,记录不良反应。结果治疗组有效率(89.6%)高于对照组(72.9%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗组治疗7d、14d和21dNIHSS评分较治疗前均明显降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01),且治疗14d和21d治疗组较对照组NIHSS评分明显下降(P<0.01)。结论丁苯酞软胶囊能有效改善急性脑梗死患者神经功能缺损。     

丁基苯酞软胶囊联合长春西汀治疗后循环缺血眩晕120例分析

目的观察丁基苯酞软胶囊联合长春西汀治疗后循环缺血眩晕的疗效。方法将120例患者随机分为治疗组（60例）和对照组（60例）。治疗组给予丁苯酞软胶囊200mg口服,3次/d;长春西汀注射液20mg加入0.9%氯化钠注射液250mL静滴,1次/d;对照组给予长春西汀注射液20mg加入0.9%氯化钠注射液250mL静滴,1次/d,疗程均为14d。结果治疗组总有效率95.0%,高于对照组的76.7%,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;治疗组治疗后血流动力学较治疗前及对照组治疗后差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论丁基苯酞软胶囊和长春西汀具有协同作用,联合应用优于单用长春西汀,且疗效显著,安全可靠。     

丁苯酞软胶囊治疗急性脑梗死疗效观察

目的观察丁苯酞软胶囊治疗急性脑梗死的临床疗效。方法将我院2010-04—2011-04收治的64例急性脑梗死患者随机分为2组,对照组32例给予常规药物治疗,观察组32例患者在常规药物治疗基础上加用丁苯酞软胶囊治疗,观察2组治疗后的临床疗效与神经功能缺损程度。结果观察组治疗总有效率明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组治疗后神经功能缺损程度评分明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论丁苯酞软胶囊治疗急性脑梗死具有较好的临床疗效,能够有效改善患者的神经功能缺损,值得临床应用和推广。     

丁苯酞软胶囊联合尤瑞克林治疗急性脑梗死的疗效观察

目的观察丁苯酞软胶囊联合尤瑞克林治疗急性脑梗死的疗效。方法选取我院收治的急性脑梗死患者80例为研究对象,根据随机数表法分为对照组和观察组各40例,对照组静滴尤瑞克林,观察组在此基础上口服丁苯酞软胶囊,观察2组治疗效果。结果观察组总有效率(90.0%)明显高于对照组(67.5%),有显著性差异(P0.05);2组治疗前血浆各项血管内皮功能指标无明显差异(P0.05),治疗后观察组血浆内皮素-1、血浆一氧化氮水平明显优于对照组(P0.05);2组治疗前ADL评分与神经功能评分无明显差异(P0.05),治疗后观察组均明显优于对照组(P0.05);2组不良反应率比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论丁苯酞软胶囊联合尤瑞克林治疗急性脑梗死的临床疗效确切,可有效改善患者预后,不良反应少,值得临床推广。     

尤瑞克林联合丁苯酞治疗急性缺血性脑卒中的疗效观察

目的分析急性缺血性脑卒中患者联合使用尤瑞克林及丁苯酞的治疗效果,为临床治疗提供新的思路和理论依据。方法对2014-03—2015-06我院治疗的80例急性缺血性脑卒中老年患者,随机分为观察组与对照组各40例,对照组采用丁苯酞治疗,观察组使用尤瑞克林联合和丁苯酞治疗,对比观察2组患者治疗效果、治疗前后NIHSS评分、Barthel指数评分及不良反应发生情况。结果观察组总有效率为85.00%,对照组为62.50%,组间比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);2组治疗前NIHSS评分及Barthel指数评分差异无统计学意义(P0.05),治疗后观察组NIHSS评分较对照组明显减低,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),观察组Barthel指数评分明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组不良反应发生率为5.00%,对照组为7.50%,组间比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论尤瑞克林联合和丁苯酞治疗急性缺血性脑卒中患者疗效确切,能显著提高治疗效果,改善患者神经功能缺损,且不良反应发生率较低,安全性较高,具有一定临床价值,值得推广运用。     

丁苯酞联合盐酸帕罗西汀治疗缺血性脑卒中后抑郁的效果评价

目的分析丁苯酞软胶囊联合盐酸帕罗西汀治疗缺血性卒中后抑郁的临床效果。方法选取2015-01—2018-01收治的150例缺血性卒中后抑郁患者,并按照随机数字法随机分为实验组和对照组,每组75例。实验组采用丁苯酞软胶囊与盐酸帕罗西汀联合治疗的方案,对照组采用盐酸帕罗西汀单独治疗方案,治疗9周后,对比观察2组患者治疗前、治疗后及组间的汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)评分、巴塞尔日常生活能力指数(MBI)评分、神经功能缺损(NIHSS)评分及不良反应发生情况。结果2组患者治疗前与治疗后的汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)评分、巴塞尔日常生活能力指数(MBI)评分、神经功能缺损(NIHSS)评分相比,差异有统计学意义(均P0.05);2组患者治疗后的组间比较,差异有统计学意义(均P0.01);治疗后2组均未出现不良反应。结论丁苯酞软胶囊联合盐酸帕罗西汀治疗缺血性卒中后抑郁的临床效果显著,优于单纯采用盐酸帕罗西汀治疗,且无明显不良反应。     

丁苯酞软胶囊治疗急性脑梗死的疗效及作用机制探讨

目的探讨丁苯酞软胶囊对急性脑梗死的疗效效果及其作用机制。方法收取临床急性脑梗死患者240例,随机分为观察组和对照组,各120例。对照组接受常规治疗,观察组接受常规+丁苯酞软胶囊治疗,200mg/次,口服,3次/d;治疗14d后统计分析血清中hs-CRP、同型半胱氨酸、纤维蛋白原及IMT水平。结果治疗组NIHSS评分明显降低,总有效率明显高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。2组治疗后血清hs-CRP、同型半胱氨酸水平均明显降低,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组血清hs-CRP、同型半胱氨酸水平较对照组降低明显,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。2组治疗后纤维蛋白原水平均降低,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05),但2组间差异无统计学意义(P0.05);2组治疗后IMT值无明显变化,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论丁苯酞软胶囊能特异性的降低血清中hs-CRP、同型半胱氨酸水平,达到治疗急性脑梗死的目的。     

The effect of age of onset of PD on risk of dementia

Background Dementia occurs in the majority of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Late onset of PD has been reported to be associated with a higher risk for dementia. However, age at onset (AAO) and age at baseline assessment are often correlated. The aim of this study was to explore whether AAO of PD symptoms is a risk factor for dementia independent of the general effect of age. Methods Two community-based studies of PD in New York (n = 281) and Rogaland county, Norway (n = 227) and two population-based groups of healthy elderly from New York (n = 180) and Odense, Denmark (n = 2414) were followed prospectively for 3–4 years and assessed for dementia according to DSM-IIIR. All PD and control cases underwent neurological examination and were followed with neurological and neuropsychological assessments. We used Cox proportional hazards regression based on three different time scales to explore the effect of AAO of PD on risk of dementia, adjusting for age at baseline and other demographic and clinical variables. Findings In both PD groups and in the pooled analyses, there was a significant effect of age at baseline assessment on the time to develop dementia, but there was no effect of AAO independent of age itself. Consistent with these results, there was no increased relative effect of age on the time to develop dementia in PD cases compared with controls. Interpretation This study shows that it is the general effect of age, rather than AAO that is associated with incident dementia in subjects with PD. Received in revised form: 22 December 2005     

腺垂体功能减退症临床特征变化分析

目的探讨腺垂体功能减退症患者的病因结构变化及临床表现。方法回顾性分析我院2013-01—2016-12住院及门诊78例腺垂体功能减退症患者的临床资料。结果男32例(41.03%),女46例(58.97%);诊断时年龄11~89岁,平均62.5岁;鞍区占位(包括术前及术后)52例(66.67%),席汉综合征8例(10.26%),空泡蝶鞍9例(11.65%),病因不明8例(10.26%),垂体-下丘脑发育不良1例(1.28%)。首次就诊科室:纳差厌食、恶心呕吐就诊于消化内科36例(46.15%)最常见。ACTH+TSH+Gn+G激素缺乏为19例最多,占24.36%,ACTH+TSH+Gn缺乏15例,占19.23%。结论腺垂体功能减退症病因结构发生变化,发病人群、首发症状及受累激素也不同,患者女性多于男性,发病年龄偏高,症状不典型,分布于临床多个科室,其中以低钠血症为首发临床表现就诊消化内科最多。     

Standards of instrumentation of EMG

Standardization of Electromyography (EMG) instrumentation is of particular importance to ensure high quality recordings. This consensus report on “Standards of Instrumentation of EMG” is an update and extension of the earlier IFCN Guidelines published in 1999. First, a panel of experts in different fields from different geographical distributions was invited to submit a section on their particular interest and expertise. Then, the merged document was circulated for comments and edits until a consensus emerged.The first sections in this document cover technical aspects such as instrumentation, EMG hardware and software including amplifiers and filters, digital signal analysis and instrumentation settings. Other sections cover the topics such as temporary storage, trigger and delay line, averaging, electrode types, stimulation techniques for optimal and standardised EMG examinations, and the artefacts electromyographers may face and safety rules they should follow. Finally, storage of data and databases, report generators and external communication are summarized.     

帕金森病运动症状进展分析

目的分析帕金森病(PD)患者运动症状进展特点。方法采用PD统一评分量表(UPDRS)Ⅲ对912例PD患者进行评估。结果与病程1年的患者比较,除病程1~2年的患者外,其他病程患者的UPDRSⅢ评分、强直分、姿势或步态异常分、轴性症状总分、言语分、步态分显著升高(均P0.05),病程5~6年及14年患者的震颤分,病程5~6年、7~8年、9~13年、14年患者的运动迟缓分、姿势分显著升高(P0.05~0.01)。轴性症状进展速度高于UPDRSⅢ评分。结论 PD患者病程早期UPDRSⅢ评分进展快,震颤症状进展独立于其他症状,轴性症状评分较UPDRSⅢ更敏感地反映疾病加重趋势。     

Frequency of accumulation of filaments in adaxonal cytoplasm of Schwann cells of myelinated fibers of rat spinal roots

Summary The frequency of accumulation of 6-nm filaments in the adaxonal cytoplasm of Schwann cells in the 6th lumbar dorsal and ventral roots was evaluated in 4-, 8-, 26- and 45-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats. The frequency was higher in 4- and 8-week-old (growing) rats than in 26- and 45-week old (mature) rats, and also higher in ventral than in dorsal roots in 4-, 8- and 26-week old rats. There were no clusters on certain groups of myelinated fibers according to the size of transverse axonal area, in both the ventral and dorsal roots. Therefore, this accumulation may reflect certain functions of the adaxonal cytoplasm of Schwann cell during natural growth and maturation of the axon and myelin sheath.     

Release of endogenous catecholamines from slices of hypothalamus of rats

The release of endogenous catecholamines from superfused slices of rat hypothalamus was studied under basal conditions and during release evoked by 40 mM K⁺. Catecholamines in superfusates, and in extracts of the tissue after stimulation, were isolated by column chromatography and quantitated by liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. Norepinephrine (NE) was not consistently demonstrable in superfusate collected under basal conditions, but 40 mM K⁺ caused the release of from 2 to 4 ng/g of tissue per min. The addition of cocaine to the superfusate caused increases in basal and evoked release of NE. Epinephrine (E) could be measured in superfusates of slices from male but not female rats and then only when cocaine was added to the superfusate. Accordingly, the concentration of E in hypothalamus was greater in male rats than in female rats. Dopamine (DA) was not consistently measurable in the spontaneous overflow from slices either in the presence or absence of cocaine. K⁺-evoked release of DA could be demonstrated in slices from female rats. The addition of cocaine increased the evoked release of DA from slices from both sexes. Corticosterone, added to cocaine, had no effects on the efflux of any of the catecholamines. The experiments suggest that neuronal reuptake of all catecholamines is very efficient in the hypothalamus both under basal conditions and during evoked release.     

Effects of prevention of afferentation of the development of the chick optic lobe

BONDY, S. C., M. E. HARRINGTON AND C. L. ANDERSON. Effects of prevention of afferentation on the developmentof the chick optic lobe. BRAIN RES. BULL. 3(5) 411–413, 1978.—The effects of unilateral extirpation of the right optic cup of the three-day incubated chick embryo upon the rate of synthesis and the stability of DNA in the non-innervated optic lobe, have been studied. This surgical procedure prevents innervation of the optic lobe contralateral to the removed eye, while the other optic lobe is normally innervated by retinal ganglion cells of the remaining eye. At the 20th day of incubation, the DNA content of the non-innervated lobe was below that of the paired lobe receiving normal innervation. This deficiency of cell number was caused by two events; death of an excess number of neurons formed early in embryogenesis and a reduced rate of glial proliferation in the later stages of incubation.     

《绵阳市社会心理服务工作管理办法》解读

2018年,国家卫生健康委员会等10部委联合发布《关于印发全国社会心理服务体系建设试点工作方案的通知》,四川省绵阳市被列为全国第一批试点地区。绵阳市人民政府依据《中华人民共和国精神卫生法》等相关法律法规和文件精神,结合前期调查研究和社会心理服务工作的试点实际,编制出台了《绵阳市社会心理服务工作管理办法》,并于2021年12月25日起施行。本文围绕社会心理服务的相关概念、办法总则、重点内容、保障措施等方面进行解读,以期为社会心理服务工作的规范、持续和有效开展提供参考。     

Function of circle of Willis

Nearly 400 years ago, Thomas Willis described the arterial ring at the base of the brain (the circle of Willis, CW) and recognized it as a compensatory system in the case of arterial occlusion. This theory is still accepted. We present several arguments that via negativa should discard the compensatory theory. (1) Current theory is anthropocentric; it ignores other species and their analog structures. (2) Arterial pathologies are diseases of old age, appearing after gene propagation. (3) According to the current theory, evolution has foresight. (4) Its commonness among animals indicates that it is probably a convergent evolutionary structure. (5) It was observed that communicating arteries are too small for effective blood flow, and (6) missing or hypoplastic in the majority of the population. We infer that CW, under physiologic conditions, serves as a passive pressure dissipating system; without considerable blood flow, pressure is transferred from the high to low pressure end, the latter being another arterial component of CW. Pressure gradient exists because pulse wave and blood flow arrive into the skull through different cerebral arteries asynchronously, due to arterial tree asymmetry. Therefore, CW and its communicating arteries protect cerebral artery and blood–brain barrier from hemodynamic stress.     

阿立哌唑对精神分裂症患者生活质量的影响

目的:比较阿立哌唑与利培酮对精神分裂症患者生活质量的影响。方法:60例精神分裂患者随机平分为两组各30例,分别给予阿立哌唑和利培酮治疗。疗程8周。用生活质量综合评定问卷-74(GQOLI-74)、阳性与阴性症状量表(PANSS)及副反应量表(TESS)评定疗效及不良反应。结果:阿立哌唑与利培酮均能显著提高精神分裂症患者生活质量,但阿立哌唑在改善GQOLI-74总分、躯体健康及社会功能维度优于利培酮。结论:阿立哌唑治疗有利于提高精神分裂症患者生活质量。