浓缩鱼油升高大鼠血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇机理的探讨

本文从酶学方面探讨了富含廿碳五烯酸甲酯(EPA-M)和廿二碳六烯酸甲酯(DHA-M)浓缩鱼油升高大鼠血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)的机理。实验分三组(高脂组、高脂+橄榄油组和高脂+鱼油组)。后两组动物分别以灌胃法给予橄榄油与浓缩鱼油,每头0.5ml/d,高脂组不喂其它油脂,实验期6周。结果显示,鱼油组大鼠血清HDL-C水平显著高于高脂组和橄榄油组(P<0.01),H-DL-C的变化是由于高密度脂蛋白亚属Ⅱ胆固醇(HDL_2-C)水平升高,而高密度脂蛋白亚属薑胆固醇(HDL_3-C)水平无显著改变。鱼油组大鼠血清卵磷脂胆固醇酰基转移酶(LCAT)及肝素化后血浆脂蛋白脂酶(LPL)活性显著高于高脂组和橄榄油组(P<0.01),肝素化后血浆肝内皮细胞脂酶(HEL)活性显著低于其它两个对照组(P<0.05)。以上结果表明,浓缩鱼油可能通过激活LCAT和LPL活性促使HDL生成增加;同时抑制HEL活性,减少HDL的分解,从而传大鼠血清HDL-C水平升高。     

高血压患者血脂紊乱与颈动脉重构相关性的探讨

目的　探讨血脂代谢紊乱与颈动脉重构的关系。方法　入选14 2例,其中正常血压组4 0例,高血压血脂正常者5 2例,高血压伴血脂紊乱者5 0例,通过颈动脉超声测定颈动脉内膜-中膜厚度(intima-mediathickness,IMT)和舒张末期内径(end -diastolicdiameter,Dd) ,探讨低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL -C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL -C)与IMT和Dd 的关系。结果　高血压组IMT及Dd 明显高于正常血压组,高血压伴血脂紊乱组IMT及Dd 高于高血压血脂正常组。LDL -C与颈动脉IMT(R =0 .312 ,P <0 .0 0 1)、Dd(R =0 .32 6 ,P <0 .0 0 1)呈正相关,HDL -C与颈动脉IMT及Dd无明显相关。结论　血脂代谢紊乱尤其LDL -C升高可促进颈动脉重构,伴有高血压血脂紊乱者尤重。     

健康人性格类型与血清脂蛋白组分胆固醇相关性的研究

本文报告对1548名健康人性格类型与血清脂蛋白组分胆固醇的关系进行观察,结果表明A型性格者HDL-C、HDL_2-C、HDL_3-C、HDL_2-C/HDL_3-C均明显低于非A型性格者,而LDL-C/HDL-C则相反。性格类型对LDL-C和VLDL-C无明显影响。不同性别、年龄、职业人群观察结果相似。研究结果说明,A型性格易患冠心病的结论是可信的,性格类型影响血清脂蛋白组分胆固醇水平而发生致病作用可能是原因之一。     

短暂性脑缺血发作患者血脂,脂蛋白,胆固醇测定的临床意义

本文报告了84例短暂性脑缺血发作tramsient ischemic attacks,简称TIA)患者的胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL—C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL—C)的测定结果。TIA组测定值,除TC外,其他指标与健康组比较均有显著性差异,TG及HDL—C均明显地高于健康组(P<0.05和P<0.01),HDL—C显著地低于健康组(P<0.01)。     

高脂饮食对大鼠HDL亚组分胆固醇的影响

<正> 近年来大量资料表明,HDL及其亚组分(HDL_2和HDL_3)的胆固醇含量与糖尿病和冠心病及其它周围血管疾病有密切关系。而饮食中脂类物质的含量又与这些疾病的发生发展有关。本文通过测定血清总脂、甘油三酯,总胆固醇、HDL胆固醇、HDL_2胆固醇和HDL_3胆固醇含量,分析研究了高胆固醇和高甘油三酯饮食对大鼠血清上述各项生化指标的影响。     

山丹饮对痰瘀互结型高脂血症患者血脂水平的影响

目的观察分析山丹饮对痰瘀互结型高脂血症患者血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL)的影响,探讨山楂饮治疗调节痰瘀互结型高脂血症的临床疗效。方法选取2015年l2月—2017年12月黑龙江科技大学医院收治的100例痰瘀互结型高脂血症患者随机分为观察组与对照组,每组50例。其中,对照组患者给予辛伐他汀口服治疗,观察组给予辛伐他汀结合山丹饮治疗,两组均连续治疗4周,比较血清TC、TG、LDL、HDL的影响。结果与治疗前比较,两组患者血清TC、TG、LDL水平均明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);HDL水平明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。治疗后观察组患者血清TC、TG、LDL水平低于对照组,HDL水平高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者治疗后复查血尿粪常规,肝肾功能及心电图等,未发现明显异常变化。治疗期间无明显不良反应发生。结论山丹饮可明显降低痰瘀互结型高脂血症患者血清TC、TG、LDL白水平,升高HDL水平。     

残余胆固醇在多囊卵巢综合征患者中的变化分析

目的探讨残余胆固醇(RC)与胰岛素抵抗的关系,分析其在多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)患者中的变化规律。方法选取2017年3月-2018年3月PCOS患者367例,以HOMA-IR指数将患者分为胰岛素抵抗组106例(HOMA-IR≥2. 69)和非胰岛素抵抗组261例(HOMA-IR﹤2. 69);另选取同期就诊患者中因男方因素不孕的健康女性140例作为对照组。比较不同组间总胆固醇(CHO)、三酰甘油(TG)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、残余胆固醇(RC)、非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(non-HDL)的差异;结果非胰岛素抵抗组和胰岛素抵抗组CHO、TG、HDL、LDL、RC和non-HDL与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P0. 05);胰岛素抵抗组TG、HDL、LDL、RC和non-HDL与非胰岛素抵抗组比较,差异有统计学意义(P0. 05),两组CHO差异无统计学意义(P0. 05);以RC与CHO、TG、HDL、LDL、non-HDL和HOMA-IR作直线相关性分析,结果显示RC与CHO、TG、non-CHO、HOMA-IR指数呈正相关(P0. 01),与HDL呈负相关(P0. 01),与LDL无相关关系(P0. 05);多元回归结果显示,CHO、TG、HDL、LDL对RC水平有显著影响(P0. 01),年龄和BMI则对RC无明显影响。结论 PCOS患者RC明显升高,且与胰岛素抵抗程度相关,TG、CHO、LDL、HDL等代谢异常是导致RC升高的主要因素,RC升高可能是PCOS远期并发症的原因。     

脂蛋白胆固醇和载脂蛋白水平对乳腺癌发生及预后的预测价值

目的 探讨脂蛋白胆固醇和载脂蛋白水平对乳腺癌发病风险及预后的预测价值。方法 收集病例组418例首诊乳腺癌女性患者初次入院时和对照组418例正常女性健康体检时的高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL - C）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL - C）、载脂蛋白A1（ApoA1）和载脂蛋白B（ApoB）等资料,并对所有乳腺癌病例进行76个月的随访。采用logistic和cox回归模型分析脂蛋白胆固醇和载脂蛋白与乳腺癌风险和预后的相关性。结果 HDL - C（OR = 3.70, 95%CI:2.29～5.96）的增加与乳腺癌发生的风险相关,而LDL - C（OR = 0.47, 95%CI:0.39～0.58）则可降低风险。ROC曲线显示HDL - C与LDL - C联合时,AUC为0.702,对罹患乳腺癌的预测能力优于单一指标。50岁以下乳腺癌患者ApoA1水平与乳腺癌的预后有关,高ApoA1（≥1.32 g/L）可降低50岁以下乳腺癌患者的死亡风险。结论 脂蛋白胆固醇和载脂蛋白的水平变化在乳腺癌发生发展中具有重要作用,与乳腺癌的发病风险和预后有关。     

2型糖尿病人群脂代谢紊乱与血清尿酸水平变化的相关性分析

目的:探讨2型糖尿病(T2DM)人群脂代谢紊乱与血清尿酸(SUA)水平变化的相关性.方法:88例健康体检者为对照组,110例经临床确诊T2DM患者为观察组,采用全自动生化分析仪检测血清甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL—C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL— C)、血清载脂蛋白Al (ApoAl)、载脂蛋白B(ApoB)、ApoAl/ApoB、HDL—C/LDL—C、HDL— C/TC及血清SUA浓度,并进行统计学分析.结果:与对照组比较,观察组人群TG、TC、LDL—C、ApoB、SUA水平明显升高,HDL—C、ApoAl、ApoAl/ApoB、HDL—C/LDL—C、HDL—C/TC浓度明显降低;差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01或P＜0.05);经多元回归分析:T2DM人群血清TG、TC、LDL—C、ApoB与SUA水平呈正相关;HDL—C、ApoAl与SUA水平呈负相关.结论:T2DM人群脂质代谢发生紊乱,血清TG、TC、LDL—C、ApoB、SUA水平明显升高,HDL—C、ApoAl、ApoAl/ApoB、HDL—C/LDL—C、HDL—C/TC浓度明显降低;其脂代谢紊乱及SUA增高是造成动脉粥样硬化(AS)危险因素.     

血压偏高中学生血压与血脂含量关系的配对研究

目的探索血压偏高中学生血压与血脂间的关系,为青少年高血压防治提供依据。方法应用BecKMANCxR9对31对血压偏高和血压正常中学生血清中的胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)进行同步测定。结果血压偏高组中学生的TC、TG、LDL均高于血压正常组(P<0.05),而HDL则低于血压正常组(P<0.05)。在中学生血脂与血压相关分析中,TC和LDL与舒张压(DSP)呈正相关(P<0.05),TG与收缩压(SBP)呈正相关(P<0.05),HDL与SBP呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论中学时期即存在血压偏高伴血脂偏高现象,预防高血压、冠心病应从青少年时期开始。     

吸烟对健康人血清HDL-C等7项指标水平影响的对比观察

经对生活和工作环境相似的40~69岁健康男性工人吸烟组697人和不吸烟组841人的对比观察,说明吸烟对健康人血清脂蛋白组分胆固醇水平有明显影响。吸烟组HDL-C、HDL₂-C、HDL₃-C、HDL₂-C/HDL₃-C明显低于不吸烟组,LDL-C、VLDL-C、LDL-C/HDL-C明显高于不吸烟组,且与吸烟量、时间、习惯呈剂量反应关系。吸烟是降低HDL-C、HDL₂-C、HDL₃-C、HDL₂-C/HDL₃-C和升高LDL-C、VLDL-C、LDL-C/HDL-C的危险因素。与不吸烟组相比,吸烟降低HDL-C等4项指标水平和升高LDL-C等3项指标水平的RR分别为1.09~5.77和2.37~3.59。被动吸烟者HDL-C等7项指标水平与轻度吸烟者相似,说明被动吸烟对血清脂蛋白组分胆固醇有明显影响。     

1310例体检人群血清脂蛋白胆固醇与年龄、性别及血糖水平的相关性研究

目的探讨成人血清脂蛋白胆固醇与年龄、性别及空腹血糖水平的关系。方法选择1310名体检健康人作为研究对象,根据年龄分为6组,测定其血清脂蛋白胆固醇及空腹血糖,比较各年龄组及性别间脂蛋白胆固醇变化和差异,并行相关分析。结果极低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(VLDL-C)及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)有随年龄增长而升高的趋势(r=0.19及0.25,均P=0.000),但60岁后男性VLDL-C有所下降。60岁前各年龄段男性VLDL-C结果均显著高于女性(P=0.000),60岁后男女间无差别(P>0.05)。50岁前男性LDL-C水平均高于女性(P<0.05),50岁以后男女间无差别(P>0.05)。高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)随年龄增长变化不明显(P>0.05),但女性各年龄段HDL-C结果均显著高于男性(P=0.000)。相关分析显示随空腹血糖水平升高VLDL-C升高趋势不明显(r=0.08,P=0.004),但LDL-C有所升高(r=0.13,P=0.000)且HDL-C明显降低(r=-0.18,P=0.000)。结论随年龄增长健康人群有发生脂蛋白代谢紊乱的倾向,且男性趋势更明显;空腹血糖增高和脂代谢紊乱有一定的相关性。     

Factorial experiment to determine influence of fish protein and fish oil on serum and liver lipids in rabbits.

Rabbits were fed purified diets consisting of casein (CA), fish protein (FP), and soy protein (SP) combined with MaxEpa oil (ME) or corn oil (CN) to determine the effects of dietary protein and lipid sources on serum total, lipoprotein, and hepatic lipid levels. Dietary proteins and lipids exerted significant (p < 0.05) separate effects on serum total cholesterol (TC) (p < 0.005), very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) (p < 0.001), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (p < 0.001), whereas only dietary proteins significantly affected low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (p < 0.001) and the LDL-C/HDL-C ratio (p < 0.05). Hence, FP induced serum TC (233 mg/dl), VLDL-C (22 mg/dl), and LDL-C (151 mg/dl) intermediary to hypercholesterolemic CA (TC, 319 mg/dl; VLDL-C, 57 mg/dl; LDL-C, 204 mg/dl) and cholesterol-lowering SP (TC, 129 mg/dl; VLDL-C 19 mg/dl; LDL-C, 84 mg/dl). The twofold rise in HDL-C on feeding FP (35 mg/dl), compared with CA (20 mg/dl) and SP (16 mg/dl), resulted in a drop in LDL-C/HDL-C to a level similar to that of SP groups. The cholesterol-lowering action of ME (188 mg/dl), in contrast to CN (266 mg/dl), was reflected mainly in VLDL (ME, 15 mg/dl; CN, 50 mg/dl) but also in HDL (ME, 16 mg/dl; CN, 31 mg/dl) fractions. Compared with CN, the significant (p < 0.05) ME-induced rise in serum and VLDL triglycerides was accompanied by a significant (p < 0.001) drop in lipoprotein lipase activity.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Nutrient intake, body fat, and lipid profiles of competitive male and female bodybuilders

The purpose of this research was to measure nutrient intake, body fat, [estimated from seven skinfolds: chest, axilla, triceps, subscapular, abdominal, suprailiac, and thigh (Jackson and Pollock, 1985)], total cholesterol (TC), HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C), HDL2-C, and HDL3-C of 19 male and 8 female bodybuilders competing in the National Physique Committee's USA Bodybuilding Championships (Raleigh, NC, April 1988). Casual blood samples and anthropometric data were collected 18 hours prior to competition, whereas 7-day diet records were completed 1 week prior to competition. Only 11 males and 2 females provided blood samples. Competitors were not tested for steroid use. These data are unique because the measurements were collected on site at the competition. Data are presented as means and standard deviations. Estimated body fat for males (6.0 +/- 1.8%) and females (9.8 +/- 1.5%) was quite low. Blood lipids (mg%) for males (TC = 187 +/- 11, HDL-C = 37 +/- 6, HDL2-C = 13 +/- 4, and HDL3-C = 24 +/- 4) were not indicative of increased coronary heart disease (CHD) risk. Data for the 2 females (TC = 190, 205; HDL-C = 56, 56; HDL2-C = 22, 8; and HDL3-C = 34, 48) could only be evaluated on an individual basis. Body fat was significantly correlated with HDL-C (r = 0.63; p = 0.04) and HDL3-C (r = 0.65; p = 0.03), but not TC nor HDL2-C. Of the dietary variables, only saturated fat was significantly correlated with HDL2-C (r = 0.60; p = 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Nutrient intake,body fat,and lipid profiles of competitive male and female bodybuilders.

The purpose of this research was to measure nutrient intake, body fat, [estimated from seven skinfolds: chest, axilla, triceps, subscapular, abdominal, suprailiac, and thigh (Jackson and Pollock, 1985)], total cholesterol (TC), HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C), HDL2-C, and HDL3-C of 19 male and 8 female bodybuilders competing in the National Physique Committee's USA Bodybuilding Championships (Raleigh, NC, April 1988). Casual blood samples and anthropometric data were collected 18 hours prior to competition, whereas 7-day diet records were completed 1 week prior to competition. Only 11 males and 2 females provided blood samples. Competitors were not tested for steroid use. These data are unique because the measurements were collected on site at the competition. Data are presented as means and standard deviations. Estimated body fat for males (6.0 +/? 1.8%) and females (9.8 +/? 1.5%) was quite low. Blood lipids (mg%) for males (TC = 187 +/? 11, HDL-C = 37 +/? 6, HDL2-C = 13 +/? 4, and HDL3-C = 24 +/? 4) were not indicative of increased coronary heart disease (CHD) risk. Data for the 2 females (TC = 190, 205; HDL-C = 56, 56; HDL2-C = 22, 8; and HDL3-C = 34, 48) could only be evaluated on an individual basis. Body fat was significantly correlated with HDL-C (r = 0.63; p = 0.04) and HDL3-C (r = 0.65; p = 0.03), but not TC nor HDL2-C. Of the dietary variables, only saturated fat was significantly correlated with HDL2-C (r = 0.60; p = 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

鲨烯、苔条、紫菜、花菜对大鼠血清胆固醇的作用

通过喂养试验,观察了11种食物和1种食物提取物(鲨烯),对大鼠血清胆固醇浓度的作用。结果发现,鲨烯、苔条、紫菜、花菜均有降低血清T-C的作用,其中鲨烯和苔条还能促进HDL-C的增高。与对照组相比,鲨烯组大鼠血清T-C,LDL-C和VLDL-C分别下降50.5％、60.8％和53.7％,而HDL-C则增高56.5％。苔条组大鼠血清T-C,LDL-C和VLDL-C分別下降34.9％,42.7％、和31.4％,而HDL-C增高58.3％。紫菜组和花菜组大鼠血清T-C则分别下降29.4％和36.7％。     

槲皮素对大鼠体内胆固醇分布的影响

目的研究槲皮素对大鼠体内胆固醇分布的影响。方法将50只雄性Wistar大鼠以AIN-93G基础饲料适应喂养1w后,根据体重和血低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C)水平分为5组,即对照组和0.1%、0.2%、0.4%和0.8%槲皮素组。在第5w末,测定血清总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)、甘油三酯(triacylglyceride,TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C)及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)浓度,并取心、肝、肾、小肠及睾丸组织,测定其中胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)、游离胆固醇(free cholesterol,FCH)及胆固醇酯(cholesterolester,CE)浓度。结果补充槲皮素后,血LDL-C浓度升高,其中0.4%槲皮素组与对照组比较有统计学意义,各组血TC、TG及HDL-C浓度差异无统计学差异;心、肝、肾和小肠中TC、FCH及CE含量有所下降,但睾丸表现为上升趋势。结论槲皮素具有影响胆固醇在体内组织中分布的作用。[营养学报,2013,35(2):172-175]     

单纯性肥胖儿童血清IGF-Ⅰ和血脂变化及相关性研究

目的:探讨单纯性肥胖儿童(SOC)血清胰岛素样生长因子(IGF-Ⅰ)和血脂水平及两者相关性。方法:单纯性肥胖儿童和正常对照组儿童各50例,应用常规生化检验方法检测其总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三脂(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)及高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)等,用ELISA法测定IGF-Ⅰ水平。结果:与健康儿童相比,单纯性肥胖儿童血清IGF-Ⅰ、TG、TG、LDL-C及ApoB均明显高于对照组(P<0.05),而HDL-C、ApoAI均明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。血清IGF-Ⅰ的浓度与血脂TC、TG、LDL-C及ApoB呈负相关关系(P<0.01),与HDL-C、ApoAI呈正相关关系(P<0.01)。结论:血清IGF-Ⅰ浓度的改变与单纯性肥胖儿童血脂代谢紊乱存在显著相关性。