超声引导下经皮肝穿刺诊治小儿肝脓肿(附15例报告)

目的 探讨超声引导下经皮肝穿刺抽脓或置管引流在小儿细菌性肝脓肿的临床应用价值。方法对15例小儿肝脓肿通过超声引导确定后进行穿刺抽脓或置管引流，其中9例行穿刺抽脓1～4次，6例行置管引流。结果15例穿刺、置管全部获成功，治愈14例，住院15～42d，平均26．3d，无出血及胆漏并发症。11例随访4个月～1年，平均6．8月，均无复发。1例无效自动出院。结论超声引导经皮肝穿刺或置管引流治疗小儿肝脓肿是切实可行的办法。     

超声引导穿刺置管引流与抽吸冲洗治疗肝脓肿的临床应用

目的探讨超声引导经皮穿刺置管引流冲洗与直接冲洗治疗肝脓肿的临床应用价值。方法对52例肝脓肿患者,63个病灶行超声引导经皮穿刺。小于5 cm的脓肿直接穿刺抽吸治疗,大于5 cm的肝脓肿置管引流。结果52例患者的63个病灶完全治愈,穿刺术后24 h无不良反应,4周治愈率达到78%、8周治愈率达到83%、6个月治愈率达100%。结论超声引导经皮穿刺置管引流与抽吸冲洗治疗肝脓肿,方法简单,安全有效、创伤小,可取代外科手术治疗肝脓肿。     

超声引导经皮穿刺置管引流治疗肝脓肿41例临床分析

目的 探讨介入性超声引导经皮穿刺置管持续引流治疗肝脓肿的方法和疗效.方法 本组41 例肝脓肿患者均经临床、影像学(B 超或CT)和细菌培养确诊,行介入性超声引导经皮穿刺置管持续引流治疗.脓肿位于肝左叶9 例,肝右叶24 例,肝2 叶8 例.31 例为单个脓肿,10 例为多发脓肿.结果 41 例均放置引流管并冲洗治愈,平均引流置管时间为(18.5±5.3)d,除5 例患者经二次置管外,余患者均一次置管治疗成功.所有患者随访半年未见复发.2 例患者出现穿刺脓液外漏,经超声引导右膈下置管引流治愈,其余患者未出现明显并发症.结论 介入性超声引导经皮穿刺置管持续引流治疗肝脓肿是有效、安全的方法.     

经皮置管引流治疗乳房脓肿13例报告

经皮置管引流治疗乳房脓肿１３例报告浙江省湖州市第一人民医院（３１３０００）冯文明陈秋强郑滔近４年来作者采用超声引导下经皮穿刺置双腔管持续冲洗、负压引流治疗乳房脓肿１３例，取得良好效果。双腔引流管的制作：双腔引流管的外管为膀胱造瘘管，内管用硬脊膜外麻醉...     

肝脓肿穿刺引流治疗时机的恰当选择

目的 探讨如何及时行介入性超声引导经皮穿刺置管持续引流(puncture drainage for liver abscess by ultrasound PDLA)治疗肝脓肿.方法 选择2009年11月～2012年11月间97例实施超声引导下经皮穿刺置管持续引流(PDLA)治疗肝脓肿的病例资料进行分析.结果 所有病例均获得最佳的疗效,避免病情的进一步恶化及严重并发症的发生.结论 及时实施介入性超声引导经皮穿刺置管持续引流治疗肝脓肿,是提高肝脓肿治疗效果的关键.     

超声引导经皮肝穿刺引流在细菌性肝脓肿诊断和治疗中的应用

目的 探讨超声引导经皮穿刺抽液和／或置管引流在细菌性肝脓肿诊断和治疗中的应用价值。方法 2000年1月～2003年1月在超声引导下经皮肝穿刺抽液和／或置管引流治疗18例细菌性肝脓肿。单纯穿刺抽脓15例，置管引流3例。结果 18例均痊愈出院，无1例需开腹手术引流，穿刺组平均穿刺1～3次，置管组留置引流管时间3～5天，无并发症。结论 经皮肝穿刺抽液和／或置管引流以其安全可靠、疗效显著、操作简便、病人痛苦小、治疗费用低而成为肝脓肿的首选治疗方法。     

超声引导下经皮肝穿刺置管引流治疗肝脓肿并发症分析与防治

目的评价超声引导下经皮肝穿刺置管引流治疗肝脓肿的效果,探讨超声引导下置管引流肝脓肿的安全性及并发症的防治。方法回顾性研究超声引导下经皮穿刺置管引流治疗肝脓肿49例,其中经皮穿刺抽脓18例,套管针法及Seldinger法经皮穿刺置管引流31例,术后2小时、4小时床边超声检查。结果49例肝脓肿患者中1例于术后2小时出血,1例在4小时后出血,1例置管后脓腔破溃而中转手术,引流不畅再次穿刺2例,并发症发生率10.20%（5/49）,除破溃1例外,其余全部治愈,治愈率97.95%（48/49）。结论超声引导下穿刺置管治疗肝脓肿安全可靠、并发症低、治愈率高。床边超声的应用有助于及时发现并发症,尽早采取有效治疗手段。     

介入超声微通道引流技术在胰周脓肿治疗中应用

目的 运用超声介入技术,建立胰周脓肿的微创化治疗.方法 对36例确诊胰周脓肿患者实施B超引导经皮穿刺置管引流,分析疗效.结果 36例均成功接受穿刺引流,33例治愈,治愈率91.7%,平均治愈时间67d,其中3例并发肠外瘘,非手术治愈.另3例因穿刺引流效果欠佳改行开腹手术引流治愈.结论 介入超声穿刺引流在达成胰周脓肿治疗目的 的同时,更以一种微创手段诠释了"损伤控制"的现代外科理念.     

超声引导下穿刺抽脓及药物联合治疗小儿细胞性肝脓肿

本文报道采用超声引导、肝脓肿穿刺或置管引流，全身及局部药物联合治疗小儿细菌性肝脓肿１４例，其中１次穿刺治疗１１例，２例置管引流，总有９２．９％，未出现严重并发症，我们认为，本法具有操作简单，并发症少、住院时间短，疗效确定可靠的优点，是一种安全可行的治疗方法。     

超声引导经皮肝穿刺置管对口引流治疗胆管空肠Roux-en-Y吻合术后肝脓肿

目的:探讨超声引导经皮肝穿刺置管对口引流治疗胆管空肠Roux-en-Y吻合术后肝脓肿的临床效果。方法:回顾性分析2012年1月—2014年1月接受超声引导经皮肝穿刺置管对口引流治疗胆管空肠Roux-en-Y吻合术后肝脓肿的20例患者的临床资料。结果:20例患者均穿刺置管成功,置管后24~48 h疼痛症状缓解,48~72 h体温恢复正常,疼痛、寒战症状消失,72~96 h白细胞恢复到正常范围,且在持续引流过程中引流管未见堵管及引流不畅现象。带管时间为11 d至1个月,平均时间为14 d。20例患者均未出现出血、周围脏器损伤等严重并发症。结论:超声引导经皮肝穿刺置管对口引流是治疗胆管空肠Roux-en-Y吻合术后肝脓肿可靠、有效的方法。     

Renal and perirenal abscesses in patients with otherwise anatomically normal urinary tracts

PURPOSE: We characterized evaluation, management and outcomes in a group of patients diagnosed with renal and perirenal abscesses who had otherwise anatomically normal urinary tracts. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed our experience with renal/perirenal abscesses at University of Texas Medical Branch from 1991 to 2002. Treatment was determined by physician preference in each individual. RESULTS: Of 70 patients with renal/perirenal abscesses 26 had otherwise anatomically normal urinary tracts, 24 (92%) had at least 1 possible contributory factor, such as diabetes mellitus, and only 38% had the correct diagnosis at initial presentation. The abscess was intranephric in 39% of cases, intranephric and perinephric in 19%, and perinephric only in 42%. Of the 26 patients 18 were treated with percutaneous drainage or aspiration of the abscess and 12 (66.7%) had positive cultures. Eight of the 12 patients (67%) with positive abscess cultures had the same organism in urine and/or blood. All 26 patients were treated with broad-spectrum intravenous antibiotics. In most patients abscess size influenced additional treatments, such as percutaneous needle aspiration or catheter drainage. None of the patients required open surgical drainage, nephrectomy or nephrostomy tube placement. At a mean followup of 10 months all patients had complete radiographic resolution of the abscess without further complications except 1 who had pyelonephritis and another who was found to have a poorly perfused kidney. CONCLUSIONS: With accurate diagnosis and minimally invasive therapy patients with renal and/or perirenal abscesses and otherwise anatomically normal urinary tracts have excellent functional and anatomical outcomes.     

Amebic Liver Abscess With Intra-Biliary Rupture

The case of a large amebic liver abscess with an atypical presentation is reported. High output bile drainage persisted after ultrasound guided percutaneous catheter drainage because of a preexisting communication of the abscess with the right hepatic ductal system. The abscess was managed successfully by surgical evacuation and internal drainage into a defunctioned jejunal loop.     

B超引导下穿刺置管引流术治疗肝脓肿 92例临床分析

目的探讨肝脓肿在超声引导下穿刺置管引流术对肝脓肿治疗的疗效.方法回顾性分析1998年3月～2004年3月,92例肝脓肿病人的临床资料.结果本组92例病人共进行102次穿刺置管引流术,总治愈率为96.63%,平均疗程19天(8～30天).术后无腹腔内出血、气胸、脓胸及严重腹腔感染等并发症.治疗效果满意.结论B超引导下肝脓肿穿刺置管引流术具有简便、安全、住院时间短、费用少,并发症低的优点,可用于治疗大多数肝脓肿.     

介入超声联合胆道镜微创化治疗胰周脓肿

目的探讨介入超声联合胆道镜建立治疗胰周脓肿微创化的模式。方法对52例确诊胰周脓肿患者实施介入超声穿刺置管引流,而后扩张窦道,胆道镜清创患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果全组52例患者,50例经此方法治愈,治愈率96.2%,2例因穿刺引流效果欠佳改行开腹手术引流。50例患者平均治愈时间73 d,其中1例并发肠外瘘,2例并发出血,均经非手术治愈。所有患者随访3个月至1年以上,无胰周坏死组织残留。结论介入超声联合胆道镜治疗胰周脓肿是一种安全、有效的治疗方法,可予推广应用。     

超声引导下经皮肝穿刺置管引流术治疗细菌性肝脓肿临床分析

目的探讨B超引导下经皮肝穿刺置管引流术治疗细菌性肝脓肿的临床意义。方法采用B超介导下经皮肝穿刺置管引流治疗肝脓肿48例,其中单发脓肿39例（81.2%）,2个以上多发脓肿9例（18.8%）。脓肿部位,肝右叶32例（66.7%）,肝左叶9例（18.7%）,左右肝叶7例（14.6%）。结果病人在置管后平均3d体温恢复正常及症状消失,引流量逐渐减少和消失,B超检查证实脓腔萎陷及无脓液。本组48例全愈,治愈率100%,其中42例获得随访,随访时间1～3年,所有病人均恢复正常工作。结论B超介导下经皮肝穿刺置管引流术是一种操作简便的肝脓肿引流方法,医疗费用低,成为肝脓肿的首选治疗方法。     

腹腔镜手术治疗肝脓肿的应用体会

目的:探讨腹腔镜肝脓肿置管引流术及腹腔镜肝脓肿切开引流术的适应证、手术方法和临床应用.方法:回顾分析2000年1月至2010年6月为63例肝脓肿患者施行腹腔镜手术的临床资料,其中34例行腹腔镜肝脓肿置管引流术,29例行腹腔镜肝脓肿切开引流术.结果:63例均在腹腔镜下完成,无一例中转开腹.腹腔镜肝脓肿置管引流术手术时间平...     

Management of intersphincteric abscesses

OBJECTIVE: Intersphincteric abscesses are relatively rare, and in some cases of upward extensions in the supralevator plane, can be difficult to manage. The aim of this study was to analyse the type of treatment used in these abscesses. METHODS: Twenty-one intersphincteric abscesses treated by endoanal drainage in our colorectal unit between 1992 and 2004 were reviewed from our database; location and extension of the abscess, type of treatment and recurrence rates and the use of endoanal ultrasound were studied. RESULTS: Ninety per cent of patients were male; 10 had a previous history of surgery for perianal abscess and suppuration (48%); 16 (76%) had a posterior location and five were anterolateral. Twelve patients had low intersphincteric abscesses and were treated by laying open the abscess and dividing the internal sphincter. Nine were found to have high extensions into the intermuscular planes and were treated by staged procedures: a temporary transanal mushroom catheter was used in seven patients. Endoanal ultrasound was used initially in seven patients (33.3%) and for the evaluation of definitive treatment in 11 (52%). CONCLUSIONS: Low intersphincteric abscesses should be treated by de-roofing of the abscess and division of the internal sphincter up to a level of the dentate line. High intersphincteric abscesses are relatively frequent and mostly require staged surgery with a temporary mushroom (de Pezzer) catheter. Accurate anatomical ultrasound localization and proper drainage become important to avoid recurrences or extrasphincteric fistulas.     

实时双平面超声成像引导下PTCD术的应用价值

目的探讨实时双平面超声成像引导下行经皮肝胆管穿刺置管引流术（PTCD）的应用价值。方法对152例梗阻性黄疸患者行超声引导下PTCD,共穿刺173支胆管,其中57支由实时双平面超声成像引导完成,116支在二维超声引导下操作。对两种引导方法下的穿刺时间、首次穿刺成功率、置管成功率进行比较。结果实时双平面超声引导下PTCD术的穿刺时间短于二维超声引导（P〈0.05）,在胆管内径〈5mm时首次穿刺成功率为92.00%（23/25）,明显高于二维超声引导下穿刺成功率（27/41,65.85%）。置管成功率差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。术后均无严重并发症发生。结论实时双平面超声成像导向PTCD术穿刺时间短,对于胆管内径〈5mm者,首次穿刺成功率高,优于二维超声下导向穿刺,具有较好的临床应用价值。     

超声引导下经皮穿刺联合腹膜后腹腔镜急性胰腺炎胰腺坏死组织清除引流术

患者全麻后,超声引导下患者右上腹预置一14#猪尾巴引流管;患者取右侧卧位,暴露左侧腰部区域。超声引导下定位左结肠旁沟脓肿区域及trocar穿刺位置;腹腔镜了解脓腔情况及坏死情况;以钳夹方式移除脓腔内坏死组织;处理脓腔内裸露的血管,防止术后出血;生理盐水冲洗脓腔及残余坏死组织;经trocar安置硅胶引流管于脓腔各处。本手术的特色:联合了经皮穿刺及腹腔镜两种微创外科技术,创伤小,便于术后灌洗引流;手术经腹膜后入路,利用脓腔进行操作,腹腔干扰小,术后恢复快;直视下清除坏死组织及裸露血管,更安全。