豫东地区恒牙初期正常牙列指数测量分析

目的建立豫东地区正常牙列指数的正常值范围,弥补豫东地区牙资料的空白,进一步分析豫东地区牙特征,为正畸临床提供依据。方法选择豫东地区150名正常青少年的牙模型150副,测量牙冠、牙弓宽度,建立豫东地区正常Bolton指数和Pont指数正常值范围,对测量结果进行统计分析并与国内外相关资料进行对比研究,对Bolt-on指数和Pont指数的临床应用价值进行评价分析。结果 Bolton指数和Pont指数存在种族和地区差异。结论 Bolton指数和Pont指数在正畸临床中均有一定的应用价值,临床上应参照本民族和地区的标准。     

TNF gene polymorphisms in Graves’ disease: TNF-308 A/G meta-analysis

Background: The body mass index or BMI, mass/height², is used to predict fatness and health. It is an approximation to the Benn index, mass/height^p, where p (typically 1.1–2.5 for adult populations) makes the index uncorrelated with height. Mass/height³ is an index of body build that is independent of scale and statistics.

Aim: To explain why p varies and is less than three, show how statistical methods can distort perceptions of mass–height relationships, and clarify the nature of the BMI.

Methods: A hypothetical adult population is modelled statistically, with mass being approximately proportional to height³ and with neither variable determining the other. Values of p are calculated both for the model and for real adults.

Results: In both cases p increases with the correlation between mass and height. Both p and that correlation are usually lower for women than for men.

Conclusions: In adult populations mass must vary more nearly with height³ than with height², although, for reasons explained, conventional statistical techniques suggest otherwise. Nevertheless the BMI is a valid predictor of fatness from mass and height in adults and is properly divisible into fat mass and fat-free mass indices. The validity of the latter three indices for children is questionable.     

The Validity of Criteria for Estimating the Ventriculo-Hemispheric Ratio of the Brain by Computerised Tomography

Computerised Tomographic scans (CT scans) of the brain of 1000 patients were examined for the various indices viz:- Evans ratio, Frontal-horn index, Bi-caudate index and the Cella-media index used in determining the Ventriculo-hemispheric ratio of the brain and it was observed that Evans ratio was 0.27 ± 0.04 in males and 0.26 ± 0.03 in females; Frontal-horn index was 0.33 ± 0.04 in both males and females; Bi-caudate index was 0.13 ± 0.04 in males and 0.11 ± 0.02 in females; Cella-media index was 0.18 ± 0.04 in males and 0.17 ± 0.03 in females. This study was conducted to determine the Ventriculo-hemispheric ratio of the brain in humans, utilising Evans ratio, Frontal-horn index, Bi-caudate index, and the Cella-media index in its clinical application.     

伊蚊诱捕器监测法在社区蚊媒监测中的应用

目的探讨伊蚊诱捕器监测指标与传统蚊媒监测指标之间的关系,并分析气候因素对伊蚊密度的影响。方法利用伊蚊诱捕器在广州市海珠区某社区对蚊媒密度进行为期11个月的常规监测。对伊蚊诱捕器监测指标与传统指标进行相关回归分析,并对气候因素（温度、湿度）与伊蚊密度进行回归分析。结果伊蚊诱捕器监测指标诱蚊指数、诱卵指数、诱蚊诱卵指数与传统指标（布雷图指数）之间具有相关性（r=0.758,P=0.007;r=0.667,P=0.025;r=0.758,P=0.007）,并得回归方程Y=1.045＋0.677a-0.590b（Y：布雷图指数,a：诱蚊指数,b：诱卵指数）;对气候因素与伊蚊密度进行回归分析,得到：Y=-18.358＋1.297a（Y：白纹伊蚊总数,a：温度）;Y=-702.837＋47.035a（Y：蚊卵总数,a：温度）。结论伊蚊诱捕器监测指标与传统指标之间具有相关性,伊蚊诱捕器监测法的可信性较强,同时,气候因素是影响伊蚊密度的重要因素。     

红细胞剪切弹性模量与表面粘度的改变对红细胞变形与取向的影响

神经氨酸酶 (唾液酸酶 )与红细胞发生生物化学作用能部分地去掉其表面电荷 ,从而引起红细胞膜微观结构发生改变 ,导致其膜剪切弹性模量和表面粘度的变化 ,分别改变其作用时间和二者的相对作用剂量 ,然后用一种在低粘切变流场中能将红细胞变形指数 DI分解为取向指数 (DI) or和小变形指数 (DI) d 的新型激光衍射法 ,分别测量经过各种处理的红细胞的小变形指数 (DI) d 和变形恢复过程即松弛过程中变形恢复到最大值 (DI) max一半的时间 t0 .5 ,并将其结果分别代入由文宗曜、严宗毅等 [1 ]提出的一种测量红细胞膜的剪切弹性模量 (E)公式和表面粘度(μm)公式。得出各种处理后的红细胞膜剪切弹性模量和表面粘度的变化规律。同时测量经过各种处理的红细胞的变形指数 DI和取向指数 (DI) or,也得到二者的变化规律。发现随着神经氨酸酶处理剂量的增加和处理时间的延长红细胞膜剪切弹性模量和表面粘度明显增大 ,而红细胞的变形指数 DI和取向指数 (DI) or却减小 ,呈现明显的反相关关系。说明红细胞膜剪切弹性模量的增大使其变形性变差 ,表面粘度的增大导致其取向能力变差     

狼疮性肾炎组织形态学半定量分析及其临床意义

对26例狼疮性肾炎(LN)肾穿刺活检标本组织形态学进行半定量分析,结果表明:LN组织学类型、肾功能状况与活动性指数(AI)、慢性指数(CI)有明显关联。进一步将半定量指数分为三级,发现AI 0～6分的病人很少发生肾功能衰竭(1/13),>10分的病人均发生肾功能衰竭(5/5),7～10分者1/4病人发生肾功能衰竭(2/8)。CI分级不如AI分级敏感。认为LN组织形态学半定量分析,对判断预后、指导治疗可能具有重要意义。     

Comparison of the Body Adiposity Index to Body Mass Index in Korean Women

Purpose

Obesity is a major public health issue and is associated with many metabolic abnormalities. Consequently, the assessment of obesity is very important. A new measurement, the body adiposity index (BAI), has recently been proposed to provide valid estimates of body fat percentages. The objective of this study was to compare the BAI and body mass index (BMI) as measurements of body adiposity and metabolic risk.

Materials and Methods

This was a cross-sectional analysis performed on Korean women. The weight, height, and hip circumferences of 2950 women (mean age 25±5 years old, 18-39 years) were measured, and their BMI and BAI [hip circumference (cm)/height (m)^1.5-18] values were calculated. Bioelectric impedance analysis was used to evaluate body fat content. Glucose tolerance status was assessed with a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test, and insulin sensitivity was estimated with the insulin sensitivity index.

Results

BMI was more significantly correlated with fat mass and fat percentage. Additionally, BMI was also more significantly associated with metabolic parameters, including fasting glucose, post-load 2-h glucose, fasting insulin, post-load 2-h insulin, triglycerides, and high density lipoprotein cholesterol than BAI. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed that BMI was a better tool for predicting body fat percentage than BAI. Insulin sensitivity and metabolic syndrome were more significantly associated with BMI than with BAI.

Conclusion

In Korean women, the current BMI-based classifications for obesity might be superior to BAI-based measurements for determining obesity and predicting metabolic risk.     

骨代谢指标、甲状腺功能指标及钙磷代谢指标对预测甲亢患者预后的临床意义

目的:分析骨代谢指标、甲状腺功能指标及钙磷代谢指标对预测甲亢患者预后的临床意义。方法:回顾性分析我院2017年12月至2019年12月收治的348例经抗甲状腺药物联合放射性碘治疗的甲亢患者临床资料,依据患者治疗后康复情况将其分为观察组(治疗后为未完全康复,n=174)和对照组(治疗后完全康复,n=174)。于治疗前和治疗后3个月,采用双能X线测定股骨近端骨密度(Bone mineral density,BMD),采用酶联免疫吸附法(Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)测定血清降钙素(Calcitonin,CT)和血清骨钙素(Bone gla protein,BGP),采用放射性免疫法测定总三碘甲状腺氨酸(Total triiodothyronine,TT3)、总甲状腺素(Total thyroxin,TT4)、游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸(Free triiodothyronine,FT3)和游离甲状腺素(Free triiodothyronine,FT4),采用全自动生化分析仪测定血清钙(Ca)、磷(P)水平。结果:与治疗前相比,治疗后两组股骨近端BMD均降低,CT和BGP均升高,且观察组更为显著(P<0.05);与治疗前相比,治疗后两组TT3、TT4、FT3及FT4以及Ca、P水平均升高,且观察组更为显著(P<0.05)。结论:甲亢患者实施骨代谢指标、甲状腺功能指标及钙磷代谢指标变化监测对其预后判定具有重要临床指导意义。     

Reference Values of Body Composition Indices: The Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys

Purpose

An increase in the prevalence of obesity has been observed in children and adolescents. As remarkable changes in body composition occur with growth during the adolescent period, it is important that changes in body composition be monitored. The purpose of this study was to propose reference percentile values for body composition indices including body mass index (BMI) in children and adolescents in Korea.

Materials and Methods

This study was performed using data from the Fourth and Fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. Body composition data were obtained using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The percentile curves of body composition indices were constructed by the LMS method.

Results

A total of 2123 children and adolescents between the ages of 10 and 19 years were included in this study. We obtained the percentile curves for BMI and body composition indices.

Conclusion

The reference values for body composition from this study could help with assessing body composition in Korean adolescents.     

两种准直器宽度对鼻咽癌放疗中的剂量学差异影响

目的:研究两种规格（等中心处投影0.5和1.0 cm）多叶准直器（MLC）在鼻咽癌调强放射治疗（IMRT）计划中的区别,从剂量学方面探究MLC的宽度对患者靶区和危及器官的影响。方法:随机选取已完成治疗的31例鼻咽癌患者计划,在放疗处方和物理优化参数不变的情况下分别使用两种规格MLC的加速器射野模型进行重新优化计算,统计靶区及主要危及器官的体积剂量、平均剂量（Dmean）、适形度指数（CI）、均匀性指数（HI）等参数,分析其差异性。结果:全样本分析显示,所有靶区HI和部分靶区（PGTVnx、PCTV2）CI差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）,0.5 cm MLC优于1.0 cm MLC;危及器官中,右侧视神经和视交叉最大剂量（Dmax）、左侧颞叶和右侧颞颌关节Dmean、左右腮腺V30、气管和脊髓Dmean差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）,0.5 cm MLC优于1.0 cm MLC,其他危及器官无统计学差异（P>0.05）;在Pinnacle3和Monaco计划系统中得到了相似结果,两种MLC在靶区适形度和均匀性方面及部分危及器官受量差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论:0.5 cm MLC在鼻咽癌调强计划中能有效提高靶区适形度和均匀性,也能有效降低部分危及器官受量,可以更好地保护与靶区邻近或有重叠的一些危及器官,推荐有条件的医院使用。     

The reproducibility of tolerance to lower-body negative pressure and its quantification

The reproducibility of tolerance to lower-body negative pressure (LBNP) has not been assessed sufficiently. Furthermore, there has been confusion concerning the most appropriate index by which LBNP tolerance can be quantified. The purpose of this study was to assess the degree of reproducibility in pre-syncopal-symptom-limited LBNP (LBNP_tol), using an LBNP chamber. Twenty physically active subjects [median age (range) 21 (18–27) years] underwent three successive LBNP_tol tests with 72–120 h between each test. LBNP_tol was quantified using the LBNP tolerance index (LTI; ΔmmHg·min), cumulative stress index (CSI; mmHg·min), duration of negative pressure (DNP) and maximum magnitude of negative pressure (MNP). Heart rate (f _c), systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressures from the three repeated tests were compared during a control period. The changes from control to maximum response (f _c, SBP, DBP) during LBNP were also compared, and percentage changes in estimated blood volume were measured. There were no statistical differences between any of these comparisons (P>0.05). LTI and CSI were greater in the third test when compared to the first two tests (P<0.05). The values for DNP and MNP were not statistically different between tests (P>0.05). Measures of LTI and CSI showed an acceptable level of reproducibility for the first two repeated tests. However, there was an increase in LBNP_tol on the third successive exposure to LBNP. These findings have shown that it is possible to achieve reproducible measures of tolerance to LBNP when using a custom-built chamber. This only applies to a test-retest procedure. Furthermore, these data also suggest that DNP and MNP do not adequately reflect the differences shown in LBNP tolerance when using LTI and CSI as measures. Electronic Publication     

青年军官婚姻质量与主观幸福感的关系研究

目的研究青年军官主观幸福感与婚姻质量的关系。方法采用Olson婚姻质量问卷、情感平衡量表和幸福感指数量表对302名有效青年军官进行调查。结果①幸福感指数(10.34±2.65)低于常模(11.8±2.2),情感平衡指数(6.3)低于常模(6.7);②在幸福感指数上,青年军官婚姻质量(F=1.85,P<0.01)、性生活(F=1.70,P<0.01)、业余活动(F=1.76,P<0.01)和过分理想化(F=1.69,P<0.01)呈现差异;婚姻满意度(F=1.62,P<0.05)、夫妻交流(F=1.62,P<0.05)、解决冲突方式(F=1.46,P<0.05)呈现差异。青年军官婚姻质量及其各维度与总体情感指数和幸福感指数均呈现相关(P<0.01)。青年军官婚姻质量和性格相容性对幸福感指数具有重要的影响。结论青年军官的婚姻质量越高,其主观幸福感越高。     

应用熵指数监测颅内动脉瘤介入治疗麻醉深度

目的探讨应用熵指数（entropy）进行麻醉深度监测在神经外科介入治疗中使用的可行性及有效性,并与脑电双频谱指数（BIS）进行比较,减少术中知晓发生率。方法40例颅内动脉瘤患者,其中男性22例,女性18例;年龄35—63岁,平均年龄45岁;体质量60～75kg;ASAⅡ～Ⅲ级,动脉瘤分级Ⅱ-Ⅳ级。接受神经外科介入治疗全身麻醉,将患者随机分为A组和B组,每组20例,均应用丙泊酚靶控-阿曲库铵-瑞芬太尼静脉维持麻醉,插入喉罩进行机械通气,A组为对照组,参考血流动力学指标来调节丙泊酚的靶控浓度;B组为熵指数指导组,通过维持熵指数值于40～60来调节丙泊酚的靶控浓度。记录麻醉诱导期警觉／镇静评分（OAA/S评分）、麻醉期间血流动力学指标、熵指数值、BIS、麻醉药物用量、术毕清醒时间及拔管时间。结果40例患者均安全、顺利经过介入治疗过程。状态熵（SE）和反应熵（RE）分别与麻醉诱导期OAA／S评分具良好相关性,相关系数分别为r=0．95和r=0．96（P〈0．01）。与麻醉诱导前比较,熵指数和BIS在诱导后、气管插管及术中均显著下降（P〈0．05）,于术毕呼之睁眼时回升,但未达到基础值,SE和RE分别与BIS具有良好相关性,相关系数分别为r=0．92和r=0．90（P〈0．05）。两组血流动力学指标及术毕拔管时间的差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,B组丙泊酚用量及术毕清醒时间少于A组（P〈0．05）,未发现术中知晓。结论熵指数作为一项新的麻醉深度监测指标可被有效地应用于神经外科介入治疗全身麻醉监测,实现给药个体化,减少术中知晓的发生率。     

Synchronization of cell proliferation in the esophageal epithelium of mice with tumors by hydroxyurea

The synchronizing action of hydroxyurea on the passage of esophageal epithelial cells through the S phase and mitosis was investigated in mice with tumors, making allowance for diurnal fluctuations in the number of these cells in particular phases under natural conditions. To evaluate synchronizationin vivo two complementary criteria reflecting changes in the number of cells and the rate of change of synchronization are suggested. In artificial synchronization, two groups of cells passing synchronously through the S phase and mitosis were formed in the esophageal epithelium. The degree of artificial synchronization of the first group was less than natural. The number of cells in the second group in the period of DNA synthesis was twice the number of cells synthesizing DNA during natural synchronization, but the rate of change of synchronization was the same in the experimental and control groups.Laboratory of Growth and Development, Institute of Human Morphology, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR A. P. Avtsyn.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 81, No. 6, pp. 760–762, June, 1976.     

早期干预对早产儿智力和运动发育影响的研究

目的探讨早期干预对早产儿智力和运动发育的影响。方法选取70例早产儿,随机分成实验组和对照组各35例,对实验组进行视觉、触觉、听觉和前庭功能早期干预,对照组常规新生儿科治疗护理,观察两组早产儿智力、运动发育指数。结果 3、6月,两组智力、运动发育指数无显著差异。12、18、24月,实验组智力发育指数呈明显上升趋势,运动发育指数在上升中18月时有波动,总体呈上升趋势;对照组智力、运动发育指数呈随月龄增加的趋势,但是上升幅度明显小于实验组,两组智力、运动发育指数差别有统计学意义。结论早期干预通过刺激机体的内分泌促进早产儿智力和运动能力发育。     

辽西地区健康成人超声心动图测量值与年龄、体质量指数的关系

目的:通过对辽西地区健康成人超声心动图测量指标的调查,并分析年龄、体质量指数对心结构的影响,为辽西地区心超声诊断提供参考。方法:在知情同意的基础上,按照随机抽样的调查方法,对798例(其中男性393例,女性405例)健康成人进行超声心动图检查,并测量身高、体质量,计算体质量指数。结果:男性左室间隔厚度、左室后壁厚度、左室舒张末期内径、升主动脉内径、左室舒张末期容积和左室收缩末期容积均有年龄和体质量指数分组的差异;在女性左房内径、左室间隔厚度、左室后壁厚度、左室舒张末期内径、左室舒张末期容积和左室收缩末期容积均有年龄和体质量指数分组的差异。结论:年龄和体质量指数均是心结构和功能的影响因素,尤其是体质量指数对左室后壁厚度有影响。     

Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression in formalin-fixed tissue of non-small cell lung carcinoma

An immunohistochemical study of non-small cell lung carcinoma using PC10, a monoclonal antibody against PCNA, was performed on tissues routinely processed with formalin fixation and paraffin embedding. The PCNA labelling index and mitotic index were determined from sections of these tissues. Tumours showed a high mean PCNA labelling index of 53.3%. The mean mitotic index was 10.3/1000 cells. Inter-examiner agreement of mitotic counting was good. A linear correlation between the PCNA labelling index and mitotic index was demonstrated (r = 0.71, P less than 0.00001). It is concluded that immunohistochemical nuclear labelling with anti-PCNA on routinely processed tissue is a simple technique for the assessment of proliferation in non-small cell lung carcinoma.     

星形胶质细胞瘤恶性程度与细胞凋亡、细胞增殖的相关性研究

目的：探讨星形胶质细胞瘤的恶性程度与细胞凋亡、细胞增殖的相关性。方法：利用 Ｄ Ｎ Ａ 凝胶电泳确定３４ 例肿瘤细胞群体中细胞凋亡的存在,使用体视学方法计数凋亡指数（ Ａ Ｉ） 、增殖指数（ Ｍ Ｉ） 、 Ａ Ｉ／ Ｍ Ｉ比率。结果： Ｄ Ｎ Ａ 凝胶电泳２６ 例显示特征性的 Ｄ Ｎ Ａ 梯带, Ａ Ｉ、 Ｍ Ｉ分别随肿瘤恶性程度增加而递增,且 Ａ Ｉ与 Ｍ Ｉ呈正相关,但 Ａ Ｉ／ Ｍ Ｉ随恶性度增高而降低。结论：肿瘤细胞群体中存在细胞凋亡,恶性肿瘤中细胞的增殖远活跃于细胞凋亡。 Ａ Ｉ／ Ｍ Ｉ比率提示了细胞凋亡与增殖的关系。     

可降解缓释药膜对大鼠牙周炎的治疗作用

实验选用Wistar大鼠对其下齿作了连续结扎及机械创伤刺激,配合高糖低蛋白饲料饲养,在六周左右大鼠出现了牙周炎症状。可吸收缓释药膜一次性放入患牙的牙周袋内作局部缓释药物治疗。五天后观察牙周炎症状。比较治疗前后牙周炎症状指数改变及组织病理变化。实验结果:1.大鼠实验性牙周炎经可吸收缓释药膜局部治疗后牙龈红肿明显减轻或消失;牙周病症状指数—牙龈指数(GI)及龈沟出血指数(SBI)明显下降;P<0.01;2。牙周组织的病理诊断,治疗后上皮组织少量的淋巴细胞浸润、纤维组织增生、修复明显。这说明可降解缓释药膜用于牙周炎的治疗有明显的治疗效果。