A review of scales for assessment of the quality of life (QOL) in patients with oral cavity cancer

This article is a review of the quality of life (QOL) research in oral cavity cancer patients. The authors set out to carry out this study because research on the problem is still in its infantile period. Most authors use the following scales for assessment: Scale 1 - ability to eat in public; comprehensible speech; normal diet; change in taste, Scale 2 - social adaptation; pain and disfigurement, Scale 3 - determination of the physical and functional status; psychological status; social functioning, Scale 4 - reproduction/pastimes; sleep/rest; home management; work; eating, Scale 5 - fatigue and QOL. One of the indices most frequently used to measure cancer patients' quality of life is the Karnofsky's scale. The Karnofsky's index is determined by two independent factors: the patient oncologist and the nursing team, who perform evaluations on the basis of the patient's response. The differences between these two methods is not statistically significant. Taking into consideration the proposed scales in the literature the authors have prepared a questionnaire which includes a scale for QOL assessment of oral cavity cancer patients to be used in a future survey on the quality of life of cancer patients in some regions of Bulgaria.     

国家基本公共卫生服务规范管理下新疆阿克苏三县糖尿病患者生命质量评价

目的 探讨新疆基层糖尿病患者的规范管理情况及其生命质量影响因素,为提高其生命质量及改善健康管理方式提供参考依据。方法 于2019年10-12月采用多阶段随机抽样方法在新疆南疆三个县进行抽样,对国家基本公共卫生服务规范第三版（2017版）进行规范管理的940名新疆基层社区糖尿病患者,采用欧洲EQ-5D-5L量表进行生命质量评分,采用方差分析和多元线性回归,分析人口学特征及规范管理患者和自我管理后的生命质量。结果 人口学特征显示,维吾尔族占比90% ;年龄段高者EQ-5D评分低于年龄段低患者有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。合并高血压的患者生命质量低于糖尿病患者（P＜0.05）,糖尿病的控制率达12.9%。规范管理率为19.1%。13条细目中,有10条细目管理规范的患者生命质量评分均高于管理不规范患者且有统计学差异P＜0.05。多元线性回归结果显示,进行心理调整指导（t=-4.307,95%CI:-0.783~-0.332）,糖尿病得到控制（t=6.003,95%CI:-0.660~-0.241）使焦虑/抑郁维度生命质量得到提升（P＜0.001）。结论 基层卫生服务机构在应加强糖尿病患者规范管理细目中能够改善生命质量的要点进行着重管理,同时应督促加强糖尿病患者的自我管理能力,提高其生命质量水平。     

癌症患者生存质量分析

目的　研究癌症患者生存质量的特点。方法　抽取哈尔滨市癌症患者 35 2人 ,其中普通住院癌症患者1 84人 ,癌症康复协会癌症患者 1 6 8人 ,采用世界卫生组织生存质量评定量表 (WorldHealthOrganizationQualityofLifewith 1 0 0 question ,WHOQOL 1 0 0 )进行评估。 结果　与常模相比 ,癌症病人在各个领域的生存质量都很低下 ;普通住院癌症患者与癌症康复协会患者生存质量比较的结果表明 :普通住院癌症患者与癌症康复协会患者的总生存质量与健康状况及生理领域、心理领域、独立性领域、环境领域差异有统计学意义 (P <0 0 5 ) ,社会关系领域和精神支柱领域差异无统计学意义 (P >0 0 5 )。结论　癌症患者的生存质量普遍低于正常人 ;普通住院癌症患者的生存质量除社会关系领域和精神支柱领域外明显低于癌症康复协会患者的生存质量 ;不同癌症种类的患者生存质量没有不同 ;不同年龄、性别、职业、不同婚姻状况及经济状况的患者在某些方面生存质量存在不同。     

Comparison of three oral sip-feed supplements in patients with cancer

This study set out to compare the long-term palatability of three oral sip-feed supplements. Sixty patients with various malignancies were randomized to receive one of three products—Build-Up, Fortimel and Fortisip. Participants were encouraged to take as much of the supplements each day for as long as they could manage. At the initial tasting, palatability and acceptability of the products was recorded and this was repeated throughout the trial period. Patients' reasons for discontinuing the trial were noted.
Build-Up was found to be the best-tolerated product of the three. It was taken for a significantly longer time than either Fortimel or Fortisip. There was an indication that Build-Up was more acceptable at the initial tasting than Fortisip but not Fortimel. A smaller proportion of patients stopped taking Build-Up due to flavour-related reasons compared to Fortisip but there was no significant difference between Build-Up and Fortimel. In all, 54% of the patients discontinued the trial for flavour-related reasons. Thirty-five per cent found that the sip-feeds they had been allotted unpalatable at the initial tasting, while 19% stopped the trial due to 'flavour fatigue'. Only 10% of the sample continued taking their allotted product for 90 days or more.     

Tendencies in the oral cavity cancer morbidity in three regions of South Bulgaria for a period of 15 years (1985-1999)

INTRODUCTION: Oral cavity cancer constitutes 4% of all malignancies. In Bulgaria it is 2.21% of all malignancies. PURPOSE: In the present study we have set as an aim to investigate the tendencies of oral cavity cancer morbidity in three regions of South Bulgaria for a period of 15 years. METHODS: A retrospective epidemiological study of oral cavity cancer was performed. RESULTS: The calculated speed of growth is characterized with dynamic growth. Taking 1985 for a base, morbidity increases by 58.6% in 1999. Morbidity in men increased from 8.9 cases per 100 000 in 1985 to 10.12 cases per 100 000 in 1999; in women it increased from 1.4 cases per 100 000 in 1985 to 2.25 cases per 100 000 in 1999. We have found that morbidity in men over the age of 60 has increased more than 25 times and in women - more than 2 times. Mortality varies from 2.64 to 2.78 cases per 100 000. An important risk factor for oral cavity cancer development is poor oral hygiene. CONCLUSIONS: Oral cavity cancer morbidity increases from 3.6 to 8.08 cases per 100 000 in 1999. The risk is 6.9 times higher in men than in women. The risk factors are smoking, alcohol abuse and poor oral hygiene.     

Evaluation of quality of life in patients with allergic rhinitis

Nasal symptoms of allergic rhinitis, such as watery rhinorrhea, sneezing and nasal obstruction, are thought to result in reduction in quality of life (QOL). In this study, we evaluated the QOL scores of patients suffering from allergic rhinitis, using the Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (RQLQ) and the Short Form-36 (SF-36). One hundred twenty six patients with allergic rhinitis who visited the department of otolaryngology of UOEH and affiliated hospitals from April, 2003 to March, 2004 were enrolled in this study. Each symptom of allergic rhinitis was shown to degrade the RQLQ scores. In particular, nasal obstruction and severity of the disease strongly related to the RQLQ scores. All the SF-36 scores of allergic rhinitis patients were lower than those of standard Japanese. Nasal obstruction was severer, and ocular symptoms were milder in the perennial group than in the seasonal group. The QOL scores of emotional aspects were significantly different between generations. The QOL score of social functioning increased, and that of mental health decreased with age. These results clearly indicate that nasal symptoms of allergic rhinitis cause degradation of QOL in daily and social lives. It would be interesting and necessary to evaluate QOL disturbance and loss of working efficiency in workers with allergic rhinitis in further studies.     

维吾尔文版癌症患者生命质量QLICP-GM量表评价

目的 评价维吾尔文版癌症患者生命质量测定量表体系共性模块QLICP-GM量表的信度和效度。方法 通过量表的翻译、回译及文化调适等制定维吾尔文版癌症患者生命质量QLICP-GM量表,对497例维吾尔族恶性肿瘤患者进行生命质量测试,分析该量表的内部一致性、重测信度、内容效度、区分效度和结构效度等。结果 总量表Cronbach'sα系数为0.798,其中基本生理功能、性功能、独立功能、情绪、认知功能、社会支持、对生活/经济影响、副作用、共性症状9个领域的Cronbach'sα系数为0.769～0.823;量表的分半信度为0.71;第1次与第2次测试的重测相关系数为0.367～0.810(均P<0.05),2次测试各领域平均分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),提示该版本量表具有较好的重测信度;相关分析结果表明,各领域得分与所属领域得分间的相关性较高(均r>0.7),与其他领域得分间的相关性较小(均r<0.1),提示该量表具有较好的区分效度;经因子分析,量表可归为基本生理功能、性功能、独立功能3个主因子,累积方差贡献率为60.607%,各主因子中各条目与其主成分大致相符;反应度分析表明,第1次与第3次测试的平均分比较,性功能、独立功能、情绪、副作用、共性症状领域间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),尚需增大样本量作进一步研究。结论 维吾尔文版癌症患者生命质量QLICP-GM量表具有良好的信度和效度,可作为新疆维吾尔族癌症患者生命质量的测评工具。     

Predictors of health-related quality of life in patients with colorectal cancer

Background  

Most studies that have identified variables associated with the health-related quality of life (HRQL) of patients with colorectal cancer have been cross-sectional or included patients with other diagnoses. The objectives of this study were to identify predictors of HRQL in patients with colorectal cancer and interpret the clinical importance of the results.     

Comparison of generic and condition-specific oral health-related quality of life instruments in patients with oral submucous fibrosis

Quality of Life Research - With the growing interest in health economics, there is a demand for best valid instrument to assess quality of life (QoL) in patients with oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)....     

HIV感染者和艾滋病患者生存质量的评估

迄今为止,人类尚未研制出杀灭人免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)的有效药物,因此病毒将在感染者体内长期存在,并不断破坏其免疫系统,严重影响到艾滋病(AIDS)患者的生存质量。近年来,国外关于HIV/AIDS生存质量的研究报道较多,并已开发出一些疾病特异性量表,用于预测艾滋病患者病情进展,评价药物疗效和选择治疗方案等各个方面。本文对有关研究进展作了综述。     

Assessment of quality of life in lung cancer patients

Objetives: The aim of this study was to describe lung cancer patients' quality of life, measuring physical, psychological and social parameters, and general and specific symptoms of the disease using different questionnaires.Methods: 103 primary lung cancer patients who were between 20 and 80 years old and recruited during one year were included. All patients fulfilled the generic health related quality of life (HRQoL) questionnaire SF-36 and the specific EORTC-C30. Also sociodemographic and clinical important data were collected. Differences in aspects of perceived quality of life by diagnostic group and stage were analysed.Results: The results indicate that the patients with a higher disease stage had worse perception of their quality of life in comparison with patients in a lower stage of the disease. Likewise, small cell lung cancer patients, overall, showed a worse perception of their quality of life than non-small cell lung cancer patients. These differences were shown either by generic and the specific questionnaire scores.Conclusions: The results obtained in the study show that the SF-36 and EORTC capture the differences in the perceived quality of life in patients by diagnosis and evolution stage of the disease. All quality of life areas were already affected at the moment of the diagnosis of the disease. The scores of both questionnaires are coherent with clinical evaluation, based on the clinical stage, which support the discriminative validity of those instruments.     

Evaluation of the quality of life of gynecological cancer patients submitted to antineoplastic chemotherapy

This study aimed to evaluate the quality of life of female gynecological cancer patients submitted to antineoplastic chemotherapy Between August 2007 and April 2009, 50 patients who were undergoing chemotherapy at an outpatient chemotherapy unit in Uberaba-MG were interviewed, by applying the instrument of evaluation of Quality of Life of the World Health Organization, WHOQOL-BREF. The results showed that the domain most affected was the Physical and the more preserved, the Social, with the mean of the general quality of life above the means obtained in other studies. All domains correlated significantly with the general quality of life. It was evident then that the quality of life of these women is satisfactory, however it is suggested that the domains with lower scores be the targets of more accurate observations during multi-professional interventions in order to provide a better quality of life during the chemotherapy treatment.     

糖尿病患者生命质量量表研制及评价

目的对慢性病患者生命质量量表系列-糖尿病量表(QLICD-DM)测试版进行评价。方法收集2型糖尿病住院患者159例,采用自主研制的QLICD-DM测试版,于患者入院时、入院第2天和出院时进行量表测评,对量表的信度、效度、反应度进行评价。结果量表各维度的内部一致性α系数和分半系数均在0.7以上,重测信度相关系数均高于0.9;量表各条目与所属维度或维度的相关均大于该条目与其他维度或维度的相关;探索性因子分析结果显示,第1主成分主要涵盖心理状况各条目,方差贡献率达到33.919%;其次为第2主成分的糖尿病并发症条目,方差贡献率为12.006%;治疗前后患者的躯体功能、心理功能、社会功能、特异模块评分及量表总评分差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01),标准反应均数(SRM)分别为0.691、0.638、0.428、1.148、1.223。结论所研制的慢性病患者糖尿病生命质量量表具有较好信度、效度和反应度,可作为国内糖尿病患者生命质量测评工具。     

癌症患者社会支持水平与生存质量的相关性

目的 探讨社会支持与癌症患者生存质量的相关性，以使癌症患者获得广泛的社会支持，提高他们的生存质量。方法 以整群抽样的方法，采用世界卫生组织生存质量评定量表(World Health Organization Quality of Life with 100 question，WHOQOL-100)及社会支持量表(SSRS)对352例癌症患者进行调查评估。结果 与对照组相比，癌症患者各个领域的生存质量指标均低下，生存质量与社会支持呈现显著的正相关。结论 社会支持可以做为心理干预的手段之一，帮助患者树立抗癌信心，使其保持豁达乐观的情绪，提高他们的生存质量。     

糖尿病及并发视网膜病变患者生命质量评价

目的 了解评价糖尿病及并发视网膜病变患者的生命质量。方法 在上海市长宁区社区居民中选取糖尿病患者、糖尿病合并视网膜病变(DR)患者及健康居民,采用生命质量量表(SF-36)与糖尿病患者生存质量特异性量表(DSQL)相结合进行生命质量评价;采用Epidata软件建立数据库,采用SPSS软件进行统计分析。结果 糖尿病合并视网膜病变组在SF-36量表的躯体功能(69.74±28.88)、躯体角色(70.72±43.28)、躯体疼痛(76.09±18.15)及总健康维度(48.54±19.74)的生命质量评分均显著低于常模,但心理健康(77.89±14.54)维度评分明显高于常模;糖尿病组在SF-36量表的躯体功能(72.81±22.85)、躯体疼痛(75.32±19.32)2个维度的评分显著低于常模,而心理健康(72.82±17.9)维度评分明显高于常模;糖尿病合并视网膜病变组的躯体功能(69.03±11.07)、总健康(14.71±3.95)、心理/精神维度(54.66±6.69)、社会功能维度(26.68±2.95)及疾病治疗效果维度(12.74±1.75)等方面较普通人群显著为低,糖尿病组的躯体功能(72.19±9.26)、心理/精神维度(53.99±7.20)、社会功能(26.25±2.99)、疾病治疗效果(13.12±1.72)等方面明显低于普通人群;DR组与糖尿病组在SF-36量表总评分及DSQL量表总评分方面均差异无统计学意义,但是在DSQL量表的躯体功能维度上,DR组的评分(45.08±7.40)显著低于糖尿病组评分(47.63±7.21)。结论 糖尿病及其并发视网膜病变患者多个维度的生命质量明显下降。     

卵巢癌患者生命质量及其影响因素分析

目的 调查卵巢癌患者的生命质量并分析其影响因素,为提高卵巢癌患者的生命质量提供依据.方法 应用癌症治疗功能评价系统(FACT-0 4.0)量表对云南省肿瘤医院的71例卵巢癌患者进行生命质量状况的调查,分析其影响因素.结果 卵巢癌患者的总体生命质量得分为(89.60±16.63)分;不同文化程度、职业、家庭经济状况的患者在部分领域生存质量或总体生存质量得分的差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);多元逐步回归分析结果显示,卵巢癌的影响因素(回归系数)分别为:口腔溃疡(-12.260)、腹部疼痛(-9.660)、紧张(-12.084)、脾气暴躁(-9.470)、睡眠障碍(-9.764).结论 卵巢癌患者的生命质量较低.口腔溃疡、腹部疼痛、紧张、脾气暴躁、睡眠障碍等临床因素会影响患者的生命质量.     

Association between prognostic awareness and quality of life in patients with advanced cancer

Purpose

Despite the current guidelines supporting open communication about serious news, the evidence about the impact of prognostic awareness on the quality of life in cancer patients is not clear. The aim of this study was to assess the association between quality of life and prognostic awareness in patients with advanced cancer.

Methods

This was a cross-sectional study which involved patients (n?=?129) with incurable advanced cancer (estimated by oncologist using 12-month surprise question). Data were collected at oncology departments at 3 hospitals using structured interview in which patients were asked about their quality of life (using Integrated Palliative Outcome Scale—IPOS and a single-item global measure), prognostic awareness, information needs and demographics.

Results

Only 16% of the sample was completely aware of prognosis and 57% was partially aware. Accurate prognostic awareness was significantly associated (p?=?0.02) with lower level of quality of life between (when measured by both the IPOS and the single-item scale) patients with accurate prognostic awareness (M?=?37.1; 10.4) and partially aware (M?=?31.9; 9.1) and unaware patients (M?=?30; 7.4). Detailed analysis showed that significant difference between groups was found only for physical symptoms subscales (p?=?0.002), not for emotional and communication subscales.

Conclusion

Prognostic awareness was found to be negatively associated with physical domain of quality of life, but not with emotional and communication domains. More research is needed on personality factors that might influence the development of prognostic awareness and quality of life.