白三烯受体拮抗剂0N0-1078对大鼠局灶性脑缺血的神经保护作用(英文)

目的:观察白三烯受体拮抗剂ONO-1078(pran-lukast)对大鼠局灶性脑缺血是否具有神经保护作用.方法:以大脑中动脉阻塞30分钟诱导局灶性脑缺血,并再灌注24小时.ONO-1078(0.003-1.0mg·kg~(-1))或生理盐水(1 mL·kg~(-1))在脑缺血前30分钟和缺血后2小时各腹腔注射1次.脑缺血24小时后,测定神经症状评分、脑梗死体积、神经元密度(皮质、海马和纹状体)、脑水肿以及小血管周围白蛋白渗出.结果:ONO-1078轻度改善神经症状;但显著减少脑梗死体积和神经元缺失,呈钟型量效关系,以 0.01-0.3 mg·kg~(-1)作用最明显;0.01-1.0 mg·kg~(-1)可减轻缺血半球面积增大以及白蛋白渗出.结论:ONO-1078可保护大鼠局灶性脑缺血,可能部分由于抑制了脑水肿.本研究提示白三烯受体拮抗剂可能代表一类治疗急性脑缺血新药.     

白三烯受体拮抗剂ONO-1078对内皮素-1诱导的大鼠局灶性脑缺血的保护作用

目的观察白三烯受体拮抗剂ONO-1078对内皮素-1诱导的大鼠局灶性脑缺血的保护作用。方法向大脑中动脉附近微量缓慢注射内皮素-1(120 pmol,6 μL,>6 min),诱导大鼠局灶性脑缺血模型,在注射内皮素-1前1 h ip ONO-1078(0.1 mg·kg^-1)。观察神经症状、脑水肿程度、脑梗死体积、纹状体和皮层的存活神经元数的变化。结果 脑内微量注射内皮素-1引起动物出现明显神经症状、脑梗死、脑水肿及皮层和纹状体的存活神经元减少。预先ip ONO-1078显著抑制脑水肿,减小脑梗死体积,增加纹状体和皮层的存活神经元数,可减轻神经症状,但无显著意义。结论ONO-1078对内皮素-1诱导的脑缺血损伤有保护作用,白三烯参与了脑缺血后的组织损伤过程。     

小鼠局灶性脑缺血梗死灶的定量分析

目的:用小鼠持续性局灶性脑缺血模型,证明新建的透光法测定局灶性脑缺血梗死灶的实用性。方法:采用大脑中动脉阻塞法(MCAO)造成小鼠持续性局灶性脑缺血,于缺血后2 4h进行Bederson’s症状评分和爬板、悬挂试验,并以计算机图像分析技术测定和分析脑缺血梗死体积、脑半球面积、皮层及皮层下神经元密度;在大脑中动脉线栓手术前3d和术前1h分别腹腔注射Pranlukast 0 .1mg·kg-1或尼莫地平0 .4mg·kg-1,观察药物的神经保护作用。结果:透光测定的梗死体积与TTC染色测定的梗死体积、神经元密度密切相关,与神经症状综合评分具有等级相关。Pranlukast和尼莫地平能减少脑梗死体积和脑半球的缺血侧 非缺血侧比值,减轻神经症状和神经元死亡。结论:透光法结合神经症状综合评分法可用于小鼠局灶性脑缺血的定量分析和药物的神经保护作用评价。     

静脉注射白三烯拮抗剂ONO-1078对大鼠血压、心率及呼吸的影响

目的观察静脉注射不同剂量的白三烯受体拮抗剂ONO-1078{pranlnkast,4-氧-8-[对-(4-苯丁氧基)苯甲酰氨基]-2-(5-四唑基)-4H-1-苯并吡喃半水合物}对大鼠血压、呼吸频率和心率的影响,并对静脉注射和静脉缓慢推注两种方法作了比较.方法静脉注射ONO-1078 0.1,1.0,5.0 mg·kg-1,另一组3 h内静脉恒速缓慢推注ONO-1078 5.0 mg·kg-1,以计算机辅助系统PCLab观察、记录3 h内的血压、呼吸频率和心率.结果静脉注射ONO-1078 1.0,5.0 mg·kg-1 引起血压迅速短暂的下降,溶剂50%乙醇1 mL·kg-1也有相同的作用;静脉缓慢推注ONO-1078 5.0 mg·kg-1则无影响.结论静脉注射ONO-1078可短暂影响血压、呼吸,而静脉缓慢推注则无明显影响.可能与其溶剂中所含的乙醇有关.提示改变溶剂成分或静脉滴注可提高安全性.     

半胱氨酰白三烯受体拮抗剂pranlukast对小鼠局灶性脑缺血的治疗作用

目的　观察半胱氨酰白三烯受体拮抗剂pranlukast(ONO 10 78)在小鼠局灶性脑缺血后的治疗作用。方法　采用大脑中动脉阻塞造成小鼠持续性局灶性脑缺血 ,缺血后1、6、2 4h分别给小鼠腹腔注射 pranlukast或依达拉奉 ,观察药物对缺血 2 4、4 8h后的神经功能缺损症状 ,4 8h后的脑梗死体积、两侧大脑半球比值、神经元密度的影响。结果　Pranlukast 0 1、0 2mg·kg-1及依达拉奉 3、10mg·kg-1均能减轻神经症状、减小脑梗死体积、降低缺血侧 /非缺血侧大脑半球比值、减轻海马CA1区、皮层和纹状体的神经元密度降低。结论　Pranlukast脑缺血后给药对脑损伤有治疗作用 ,提示有治疗缺血性脑卒中的临床前景。     

白三烯拮抗剂ONO-1078的一般神经药理特点

目的　观察白三烯拮抗剂ONO-1078对小鼠的一般神经药理作用,评价其对中枢的安全性。方法　测定自发活动、运动及协调能力试验、水迷宫试验、跳台实验以及镇痛试验等,研究ONO-1078(0.2,1.0,5.0mg·kg^-1,ip)对小鼠神经活动的影响。结果　大剂量ONO-1078( 5.0mg·kg^-1)对小鼠自发活动有抑制作用,但是未观察到其它明显的神经作用。结论　ONO-1078对中枢神经系统作用轻微,提示抗脑缺血应用时对中枢神经系统有较好的安全性     

蝙蝠葛诺林碱对大鼠局灶性脑缺血的神经保护作用

摘要：目的:观察蝙蝠葛诺林碱对大鼠持续性局灶性脑缺血的影响。方法:采用大脑中动脉线栓法制备大鼠局灶性脑缺血模型,随机分为假手术组（Sham）、缺血模型组（Isch）、蝙蝠葛诺林碱(10 mg·kg-1·d-1与20 mg·kg-1·d-1)治疗组,尼莫地平组(阳性对照,0.8 mg·kg-1)和溶剂组（阴性对照）。大鼠持续缺血24 h后观察各组的神经行为变化,检测脑梗死体积、脑组织丙二醛（MDA）含量和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性。结果:与模型组相比,蝙蝠葛诺林碱可以剂量依赖性改善大鼠持续性局灶性脑缺血引起的神经行为障碍,减少脑梗死体积,降低脑组织MDA水平,提高SOD活性（P<0.05）;高剂量组的作用与尼莫地平作用相似。结论:蝙蝠葛诺林碱可通过增强脑组织SOD活性,提高清除氧自由基能力,从而发挥对脑缺血损伤的保护作用。     

玉郎伞多糖对大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用及机制初探

目的:研究玉郎伞(YLS)多糖对大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用,并初步探讨其作用机制.方法:Wistar雄性大鼠灌胃YLS多糖高、中、低剂量(0.6,0.3,0.15 g·kg-1·d-1),连续7 d,末次给药60 min后采用线栓法制作大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注模型,缺血2 h再灌注24 h后对大鼠神经功能进行评分,并测定脑梗死体积、脑含水量、脑组织中白细胞介素-β(IL-β)和肿瘤坏死因子-α[(TNF-α)的含量.实验同时设尼莫地平(0.02 g·kg-1·d-1)阳性对照组和假手术组,每组10只.结果:与脑缺血再灌注模型组相比,YLS多糖能够改善大鼠的神经功能障碍,降低脑梗死体积和脑含水量,降低脑组织中的IL-1β和TNF-α含量.结论:玉郎伞多糖对大鼠急性脑缺血再灌注损伤具有保护作用,其机制可能与降低脑组织中的IL-1β和TNF-α含量有关.     

小蔓长春花提取物对大鼠脑梗死的保护作用

目的 研究小蔓长春花提取物(VMLE)对大鼠局灶性脑缺血损伤的预防作用.方法 50只SD雄性大鼠随机均分为假手术组、模型组、尼莫地平组(尼莫地平10 mg· kg-1·d-1×7 d)、VMLE高(VMLE 10 g·kg-1·d-1×7 d)、低(VMLE 5 g·kg-1·d-1×7 d)剂量组.除假手术组外,利用线栓法制作大鼠右侧大脑中动脉阻塞(MCAO)模型.观察VMLE对局灶性脑缺血大鼠神经功能、认知记忆和脑梗死体积的影响.结果 与模型组比较,VMLE高、低剂量组24-h神经功能缺损评分降低,脑梗死范围减少,定位航行潜伏期缩短,空间探索穿越平台次数增多(P＜0.05).结论 VMLE能改善MCAO大鼠的神经缺损和认知功能,缩小脑梗死范围.     

胞磷胆碱和硫酸镁联用对大鼠局灶脑缺血脑梗死体积及caspase-3表达的影响

目的:研究胞磷胆碱(CDP-c)和硫酸镁联用对大鼠实验性短暂局灶脑缺血的神经保护作用。方法:124只雄性SD大鼠分为7个组,假手术组4只大鼠,余6组均为20只:(1)模型组,(2)对照组(0.9%氯化钠1 mL.kg-1.d-1),(3)CDP-c组(250 mg.kg-1.d-1),(4)硫酸镁组(90 mg.kg-1.d-1),(5)两药联用A组(CDP-c 250 mg.kg-1.d-1,硫酸镁90 mg.kg-1.d-1),(6)两药联用B组(CDP-c 150 mg.kg-1.d-1,硫酸镁60 mg.kg-1.d-1),其中10只用于测定脑梗死体积,10只用于caspase-3和TUNEL阳性细胞两指标的测定。用大脑中动脉栓塞法制作短暂性(90 min)局灶脑缺血模型,观察CDP-c、硫酸镁单用及不同剂量联用7 d后,大鼠脑梗死体积、caspase-3表达及凋亡细胞数。结果:与对照组相比,CDP-c、硫酸镁单用及两药联用组脑梗死体积较小,caspase-3表达、凋亡细胞数均较少,并有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两药联用组脑梗死体积均比单用药组小,caspase-3表达、凋亡细胞数亦较两药单用组少(P<0.05)。剂量不同的两药联用组相比各项指标均无显著差别(P>0.05)。结论:CDP-c和硫酸镁单用对实验性短暂脑缺血模型可能具有神经保护作用。CDP-c与硫酸镁联用对实验性短暂局灶脑缺血的神经保护可能有协同作用,并且可以减少各药的用量。     

白三烯拮抗剂ONO-1078对小鼠局灶性脑缺血的保护作用

AIM　To determine whether ONO-1078 {pranlukast, 4-oxo-8-［p-(4-phenylbutyloxy) benzoyl-amino]-2-(tetrazol-5-yl)-4H-1-benzopyran hemihydrate}, a potent leukotriene antagonist, has protective effect on focal cerebral ischemia in mice. METHODS　Focal cerebral ischemia was induced by permanent middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion in mice. ONO-1078 (0.01, 0.05, 0.10 mg·kg^-1), dexamethasone (0.5 mg·kg^-1), nimodipine (0.2 mg·kg^-1) or saline (control) were injected ip once daily for 3 days, and 30 min before MCA occlusion. Twenty-four hours after cerebral ischemia, the neurological scores were evaluated, infarct volumes and areas of the right and left cerebral hemispheres were measured by computer imaging analysis. RESULTS　ONO-1078, dexamethasone and nimodipine reduced the neurological scores. ONO-1078 and dexamethasone reduced the ratio of right/left hemisphere area, indicating inhibition of brain edema, while nimodipine showed no effect. ONO-1078 dose-dependently reduced infarct size, and dexamethasone and nimodipine showed the same effect. CONCLUSION　ONO-1078 showed protective effect on focal cerebral ischemia. This may represent a novel approach to the treatment of acute cerebral ischemia.     

白三烯受体拮抗剂ONO—1078对大鼠局灶性脑缺血的神经保护作用

AIM: To determine whether ONO-1078 (pranlukast), a potent leukotriene receptor antagonist, has neuroprotective effect on focal cerebral ischemia in the rat. METHODS: Focal cerebral ischemia was induced by 30 min of middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion and followed by 24 h reperfusion. ONO-1078 (0.003-1.0 mg/kg) or vehicle (saline 1 mL/kg) was ip injected 30 min before MCA occlusion and 2 h after reperfusion. The neurological score, infarct volume, neuron density (in cortex, hippocampus, and striatum), brain edema, and albumin exudation around the vessels were determined 24 h after reperfusion. RESULTS: ONO-1078 slightly improved the neurological deficiency, and dramatically decreased infarct volume and neuron loss which showed a bell shaped dose response effect with highest effect at doses of 0.01-0.3 mg/kg. Enlargement of the ischemic hemisphere and albumin exudation were inhibited at doses of 0.01-1.0 mg/kg. CONCLUSION: ONO-1078 has the protective effect on focal cerebral ischemia in rats, which is partially attributed to the inhibition of brain edema. This may represent a novel approach to the treatment of acute cerebral ischemia with cysteinyl leukotriene receptor antagonists.     

四氢吖啶类衍生物EDT抑制脑缺血及保护大鼠皮层神经元抗谷氨酸诱发的细胞毒性

目的：考察9—(4—乙氧羰基苯氧基)—6,7—二甲氧基—1,2,3,4—四氢吖啶盐酸盐(EDT)对大鼠局灶性脑缺血及谷氨酸(Glu)和硝普钠(SNP)致鼠皮层神经元损伤的作用．方法：灼断小鼠一侧大脑中动脉形成局灶性脑缺血模型,用氯化三苯基四氮唑（TTC)染色法测定脑梗塞率同时对神经症状进行评分．在原代培养的大鼠皮层神经细胞,采用MTT比色法,测定培养质内LDH及NO释放量．结果：EDT2．5、5和10mg／kg及尼莫地平2mg／kg灌胃5d显著改善局灶性脑缺血小鼠的神经运动功能,缩小脑梗塞范围．在原代培养的鼠皮层神经细胞,EDT 0．01—3μmol/L浓度依赖地对抗Glu诱发的NO过量形成,并提高MTT微量比色值,同时,减少SNP引起的LDH过量释放,提高细胞存活率．结论：EDT能有效对抗脑缺血损伤,其神经保护作用可能是通过阻断Glu受体及抑制NO生成而实现的．     

羟基红花黄色素A对实验性脑缺血的保护作用

红花为菊科植物红花(Carthamus tinctoriusL.)的干燥花,是传统的活血化瘀类代表药物[1]。红花的化学成分比较复杂,研究表明,红花的花中含有黄酮类、脂肪酸、色素、挥发油以及多炔等化合物[2]。目前认为,红花活血化瘀的主要成分集中在水溶性的黄色素部分;红花黄色素主要成分有羟基红花黄色素A(hydroxysafflor yellow A,HSYA)、红花明苷A、红花明苷B及其他含量较低的成分。在红花黄色素中含量最高且具有活性的成分为羟基红花黄色素A[2]。作者采用经典的大鼠大脑中动脉阻塞性脑缺血模型,观察HSYA对局灶性脑缺血大鼠的行为评分、缺血区面…     

西洛他唑对脑缺血后神经元损伤的保护作用

目的：观察西洛他唑对小鼠持续性局灶性脑缺血后神经元损伤的剂量依赖性保护作用。方法：以大脑中动脉阻塞诱导小鼠持续性局灶性脑缺血。缺血前30min腹腔注射西洛他唑（3～30mg/kg）和普鲁司特（0.1mg/kg）。观察药物对缺血后神经元形态、密度的影响。结果：脑缺血损伤后,神经元密度降低,变性神经元密度增加。西洛他唑（3～10mg/kg）和普鲁司特能明显增加缺血侧存活神经元密度,减少变性神经元密度。结论：西洛他唑对小鼠持续性局灶性脑缺血后神经元损伤有保护作用。     

白三烯受体拮抗剂ONO-1078对大鼠短暂性全脑缺血的神经保护作用

AIM: To determine whether ONO-1078 {pranlukast, 4-oxo-8-[p-(4-phenylbutyloxy)benzoyl-amono]-2-(tetrazol-5-yl)-4H-1-benzopyran hemihydrate), a potent leukotriene receptor antagonist, possesses a neuroprotective effect on global cerebral ischemia in rats, and to explore its possible mechanism of action. METHODS: Transient global cerebral ischemia was induced by four-vessel occlusion for 10 min and followed by 72-h reperfusion. ONO-1078(0.03-0.3mg/kg) and edaravone (MCI-186, 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one, a neuroprotective agent) 10 mg/kg were ip injected 30 rain before ischemia and 1 h after reperfusion, and once a day afterward. Neurological outcome was evaluated before ischemia and 24, 48, 72 h after reperfusion. Neuron density, the expressions of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor subunit proteins (NR1, NR2A, NA2B) and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus were measured at 72h after reperfusion. RESULTS: ONO-1078 (0.1,0.3mg/kg) and edaravone (10 mg/kg) improved ischemia-induced neurological deficiency and reduced neuron death.ONO-1078 (0.1, 0.3mg/kg) significantly inhibited the enhanced expression of NMDA receptor subunit protein NR2A in the cortex and VCAM-1 in the hippocampus of ischemic rats. CONCLUSION: ONO-1078 possesses a neuroprotective effect on global cerebral ischemia in rats, and its mechanism may be partly related to the inhibition of the upregulation of NR2A and VCAM- 1 in different regions of the brain.     

Neuroprotective effect of ONO-1078, a leukotriene receptor antagonist, on transient global cerebral ischemia in rats

AIM: To determine whether ONO-1078 {pranlukast, 4-oxo-8-[p-(4-phenylbutyloxy)benzoyl-amono]-2-(tetrazol-5-yl)-4H-1-benzopyran hemihydrate}, a potent leukotriene receptor antagonist, possesses a neuroprotective effect on global cerebral ischemia in rats, and to explore its possible mechanism of action. METHODS: Transient global cerebral ischemia was induced by four-vessel occlusion for 10 min and followed by 72-h reperfusion. ONO-1078 (0.03-0.3 mg/kg) and edaravone (MCI-186, 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one, a neuroprotective agent) 10 mg/kg were ip injected 30 min before ischemia and 1 h after reperfusion, and once a day afterward. Neurological outcome was evaluated before ischemia and 24, 48, 72 h after reperfusion. Neuron density, the expressions of N-methyl-Daspartate (NMDA) receptor subunit proteins (NR1, NR2A, NA2B) and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1(VCAM-1) in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus were measured at 72 h after reperfusion. RESULTS: ONO-1078 (0.1, 0.3 mg/kg) and edaravone (10 mg/     

DY-9760e, a calmodulin antagonist, reduces brain damage after permanent focal cerebral ischemia in cats

DY-9760e (3-[2-[4-(3-chloro-2-methylphenyl)-1-piperazinyl]ethyl]-5,6-dimethoxy-1-(4-imidazolylmethyl)-1H-indazole dihydrochloride 3.5 hydrate), a calmodulin antagonist, provides protection against Ca(2+) overload-associated cytotoxicity and brain injury after cerebral ischemia in rats. In this study, we assessed the effect of DY-9760e on ischemic infarct volume in cats subjected to permanent focal cerebral ischemia. DY-9760e was infused for 6 h, beginning 5 min after occlusion of the middle cerebral artery. The infarct volume was measured at the end of drug infusion. DY-9760e, at the dose of 0.25 but not 0.1 mg/kg/h, significantly reduced cerebral infarct volume without affecting any physiological parameters, and its protective effect was mainly evident in the cerebral cortex, where the penumbra, a salvageable zone, exists. The present study demonstrates that DY-9760e protects against brain injury after focal ischemia in a gyrencephalic animal as well as in the rodents reported previously and suggests its therapeutic value for the treatment of acute stroke.     

银杏内酯对小鼠和大鼠脑缺血的保护作用

目的　研究银杏内酯 (TG)对小鼠密闭缺氧、急性脑缺血和大鼠局灶性脑缺血的保护作用。方法　采用小鼠密闭缺氧实验 ,观察TG对耗氧速度和存活时间的影响 ;结扎小鼠双侧颈总动脉及迷走神经造成脑缺血 ,观察TG对死亡率及死亡时间的影响 ;电凝大鼠一侧大脑中动脉造成局灶性脑缺血 (MCAO) ,观察TG对脑梗塞面积、行为及组织病理形态的影响。结果　TG(32mg·kg-1)降低脑缺血小鼠的死亡率 ,延长死亡时间 ;4,8,16mg·kg-1降低MCAO大鼠脑梗塞范围 ,改善行为障碍及脑组织病理形态。对密闭缺氧小鼠耗氧速度、存活时间无影响。结论　银杏内酯具有抗脑缺血作用