Moesin和E-cadherin与甲状腺乳头状癌侵袭的相关性

目的探讨膜突蛋白（Moesin）和上皮型钙黏蛋白（E-cadherin）在甲状腺乳头状癌侵袭、转移中的作用。方法采用免疫组织化学SP法,检测81例甲状腺乳头状癌和癌旁正常组织中Moesin和E-cadherin的表达,并将检测结果结合患者的临床资料(性别、年龄、肿瘤大小、局部侵犯、颈淋巴转移、TNM分期)等进行分析。结果甲状腺乳头状癌中的Moesin和E-cadherin的阳性表达率与癌旁正常甲状腺组织之间的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。患者年龄≥45岁、肿瘤侵犯甲状腺被膜外、有颈淋巴结转移、Ⅲ～Ⅳ期甲状腺乳头状癌, Moesin的阳性表达率增高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);而E-cadherin的阳性表达率降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。甲状腺乳头状癌中Moesin与E-cadherin的阳性表达具有相关性(r=-0.494,P<0.01)。结论甲状腺乳头状癌中Moesin的高表达和E-cadherin的低表达与肿瘤的侵袭和转移有关,两者之间具有协同作用。     

纤维连接蛋白表达与骨肉瘤肺转移的相关性研究

目的探讨纤维连接蛋白(fibronectin,FN)表达与骨肉瘤肺转移的关系。方法 36例初发骨肉瘤患者,根据患者术后标准化疗12个疗程后随访2年是否出现肺转移分为2组,每组18例,应用SP免疫组化法,检测骨肉瘤组织中的FN蛋白表达。结果转移组FN蛋白阳性率及阳性积分明显高于无转移组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论FN高表达与骨肉瘤肺转移呈正相关,检测FN蛋白表达有助于了解骨肉瘤细胞生物学行为及判断预后。     

GOLPH3与非小细胞肺癌上皮间质转化的相关性研究

目的 研究GOLPH3与非小细胞肺癌上皮间质转化的相关性。方法 选取72例非小细胞肺癌患者作为研究对象。对比患者肺癌组织和癌旁正常组织中高尔基磷酸化蛋白3(GOLPH3)、上皮间之转化标志物E-钙黏素(E-cadherin)以及波形蛋白(vimentin)水平;对比不同临床特征(病理类型、分化程度、淋巴结转移情况)GOLPH3表达情况,同时分析GOLPH3与E-cadherin和vimentin表达相关性。结果 肺癌组织GOLPH3和vimentin阳性率均显著高于癌旁正常组织,E-cadherin阳性率显著低于癌旁正常组织(P<0.05);不同分化程度、是否存在淋巴结转移以及不同TNM分期患者GOLPH3、E-cadherin和vimentin阳性表达率差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);经过相关性分析得出：GOLPH3阳性表达率与E-cadherin表达呈负相关,与vimentin呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论 GOLPH3与非小细胞肺癌患者E-cadherin表达呈负相关,与vimentin呈正相关,与患者上皮间质转化存在明显的相关性。     

MTA1与E-cadherin在乳腺癌中的表达及临床意义

目的 研究肿瘤转移相关基因1(MTA1)与E-cadherin蛋白在乳腺癌中的表达及临床意义.方法 采用免疫组化的方法检测15例乳腺正常组织和45例乳腺癌组织中MTAI和E-cadherin的表达.结果 乳腺癌组织中MTA1蛋向阳性表达率为60.00%(27/45),正常乳腺组织的阳性表达率为13.33%(2/15),MTA1蛋白高表达与乳腺癌肿块大小、组织学分级、临床分期、淋巴结转移和c-erbB-2阳性比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),与年龄、ER、PR比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);乳腺癌组织中E-cadherin蛋白阳性表达率为57.78%(26/45),正常乳腺组织的阳件表达率为100.00%(15/15),E-cadherin蛋白低表达与乳腺癌肿块大小、组织学分级、临床分期、淋巴结转移和c-erbB-2阳性比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),与年龄、ER、PR比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);乳腺癌组织中MTA1与E-cadherin蛋白表达呈负相关(rs=-0.442,P=0.004).结论 MTAI和E-cadherin与乳腺痛的浸润转移密切相关,MTA1的高表达及E-cadherin的低表达与乳腺肿块大小、分化程度、临床分期、淋巴结转移和c-erbB-2阳性密切相关,可作为诊断乳腺癌患者转移复发和判断预后的参考指标,有望成为乳腺癌基因治疗新的靶点.     

核因子-κB及P糖蛋白在人骨肉瘤中的表达及意义

目的探讨核因子-κB(NF-κB)及P糖蛋白(P-gp)在骨肉瘤组织中的表达及其临床意义。方法选取2009年1月至2016年12月间武汉大学人民医院收治的经术前穿刺组织学病理诊断的26例骨肉瘤患者的肿瘤组织标本,采用免疫组化法(S-P法)及West Blot法测定NF-κB及P-gp在诱导化疗后骨肉瘤组织中的表达。比较化疗原发耐药组(6例)和化疗有效组(20例)中NF-κB及P-gp表达的差异,并分析其与化疗耐药的相关性。结果化疗耐药组骨肉瘤组织的p-gp阳性表达率为83.3%,显著高于化疗有效组p-gp的阳性表达率35.0%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。化疗耐药组骨肉瘤组织NF-κB阳性表达率为83.3%,显著高于化疗有效组45.0%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。相关因素分析表明,NF-κB及P-gp在骨肉瘤组织中的表达与其耐药有高度相关性,NF-κB P65的表达与P-gp表达呈正相关,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 NF-κB及P-gp在骨肉瘤原发耐药组中高表达,可能是骨肉瘤原发耐药的发生机制之一。     

EB病毒潜伏膜蛋白1介导的上皮-间质转化增强鼻咽癌的转移潜能

目的:探讨EB病毒潜伏膜蛋白1(latent membrane protein1,LMP1)和p38在鼻咽癌上皮-间质转化(epithelial-mesenchymal transition,EMT)中的调控作用,分析其介导的EMT与肿瘤转移的关系。方法:采用免疫组织/细胞化学法、RT-PCR和蛋白质印迹法等检测鼻咽癌组织及鼻咽癌细胞中E-cadherin、vimentin、LMP1和p38的表达,Transwell实验检测鼻咽癌细胞的侵袭和运动能力。结果:E-cadherin在鼻咽癌和鼻咽癌颈部转移淋巴结组织中的阳性表达率有降低趋势(P<0.01),而vimentin和LMP1的阳性表达率有升高趋势(P<0.001),p38的阳性表达率差异则无统计学意义(P>0.05)。鼻咽癌组织中LMP1与E-cadherin的表达呈负相关(P<0.05);鼻咽癌颈部转移淋巴结组织中LMP1与E-cadherin的表达无相关性(P>0.05),而与vimentin的表达呈正相关(P<0.05)。E-cadherin mRNA和蛋白在CNE1-GL和CNE2Z细胞中的表达减弱,而vimentin mRNA和蛋白的表达增强。LMP1蛋白在CNE1-GL和CNE2Z细胞中高表达,p38蛋白则在CNE1-GL中高表达。Transwell实验证明,LMP1能够促进鼻咽癌细胞的运动和侵袭能力(P<0.001)。结论:LMP1可诱导鼻咽癌EMT,增强鼻咽癌的转移潜能。     

沉默信息调节因子-1及上皮性钙黏附素在胃癌中的表达及其相关性

目的:探讨沉默信息调节因子-1(silence signal regulating factor-1,SIRT-1)和上皮性钙黏附素(epithelial cadherin,E-cadherin)在胃癌组织中的表达及其相关性。方法:采用HE 染色观察正常胃黏膜组织及癌组织的病理结构;采用免疫组织化学方法检测SIRT-1和E-cadherin在正常胃黏膜组织及癌组织中的表达水平;Spearman相关检验检测SIRT-1 与E-cadherin 表达的相关性。结果:HE 染色结果:胃癌组织中癌细胞分化差,多形性,大小不一,可呈假复层,核大,胞浆少,容易找到核分裂。免疫组织化学检测结果:SIRT-1在正常胃黏膜组织和胃癌组织的阳性表达率分别为40.5%和64.3%;E-cadherin 的阳性表达率分别为73.8%和40.5%。两组SIRT-1和E-cadherin的阳性表达率差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。Spearman相关分析显示SIRT-1 与E-cadherin 的表达水平呈负相关（P<0.05）。胃癌组织中SIRT-1蛋白阳性表达与肿瘤大小及病理类型有关（P<0.05）;而与患者的年龄、性别、TNM分期及淋巴结转移无关（P>0.05）。结论:胃癌组织中SIRT-1高表达可能通过抑制E-cadherin促使肿瘤组织细胞发生侵袭、转移。     

上皮性卵巢癌组织中FoxM1的表达及其临床意义

目的：探讨叉头框转录因子M1(FoxM1)在上皮性卵巢癌组织中的表达及其与患者临床病理指标的关系,并研究其与上皮-间质转化(EMT)相关因子E-钙黏蛋白(E-cadherin)和波形蛋白(vimentin)的相关性。方法：采用免疫组织化学法检测41例上皮性卵巢癌、17例卵巢交界性肿瘤和20例正常卵巢组织中FoxM1、E-cadherin和vimentin蛋白的表达情况。采用卡方检验比较上皮性卵巢癌组织和正常卵巢组织中FoxM1蛋白的表达差异,分析FoxM1、E-cadherin和vimentin蛋白表达与上皮性卵巢癌患者临床病理指标的相关性及3种蛋白表达水平的相关性。结果：上皮性卵巢癌组织中FoxM1、E-cadherin和vimentin阳性表达率分别为95.12%、82.93%和70.73%,高表达率分别为51.22%、53.66%和46.34%。上皮性卵巢癌组织中FoxM1阳性表达率和高表达率均显著高于卵巢交界性肿瘤和正常卵巢组织(P<0.05)。上皮性卵巢癌组织中FoxM1、E-cadherin和vimentin表达情况与患者临床分期、有无淋巴结转移有关,临床分期III～...     

XIAP、TGF-β1和vimentin在乳腺癌中的表达及临床意义

目的探讨X染色体连锁的凋亡抑制蛋白(XIAP)、转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)和波形蛋白(vimentin)在乳腺癌中的表达情况及临床意义。方法选取82例乳腺癌患者的乳腺癌组织标本及其癌旁正常组织标本。采用免疫组织化学染色法检测不同组织中XIAP、TGF-β1和vimentin的阳性表达情况,分析乳腺癌组织中XIAP、TGF-β1和vimentin的阳性表达情况与患者临床特征的关系,并对乳腺癌组织中XIAP、TGF-β1和vimentin表达的相关性进行分析。结果 XIAP、TGF-β1、vimentin在乳腺癌组织中的阳性表达率均明显高于癌旁正常组织,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.01)。TNM分期为Ⅲ～Ⅳ期、有淋巴结转移乳腺癌患者乳腺癌组织中XIAP、TGF-β1和vimentin的阳性表达率均高于TNM分期为Ⅰ～Ⅱ期、无淋巴结转移的乳腺癌患者,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。不同年龄、肿瘤直径、肿瘤分化程度乳腺癌患者乳腺癌组织中XIAP、TGF-β1和vimentin的阳性表达率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P﹥0.05)。Pearson相关性分析结果显示,乳腺癌组织中XIAP与TGF-β1的表达、XIAP与vimentin的表达、TGF-β1与vimentin的表达均呈明显正相关(r=0.543、0.584、0.657,P﹤0.01)。结论 XIAP、TGF-β1和vimentin在乳腺癌组织中的表达水平较高,可作为判断乳腺癌发生和淋巴结转移的参考指标。     

S期激酶相关蛋白2、CD147及穿膜蛋白1在骨肉瘤中的表达及与疾病恶性程度及与疾病恶性程度、预后的关系

目的 分析S期激酶相关蛋白2(SKP2)、CD147及穿膜蛋白1(DLK1)在骨肉瘤中的表达及与疾病恶性程度和预后的关系。方法 检测103例骨肉瘤患者骨肉瘤组织与癌旁组织中SKP2、CD147及DLK1的表达情况,并分析SKP2、CD147及DLK1表达与骨肉瘤患者临床特征和预后的关系。结果 骨肉瘤组织中SKP2、CD147、DLK1阳性表达率均明显高于癌旁组织,差异均有统计学意义（P﹤0.01）。随着骨肉瘤患者临床分期逐渐增高,SKP2、CD147、DLK1阳性表达率均逐渐升高。血管扩张型骨肉瘤患者SKP2、CD147、DLK1阳性表达率均高于软骨母细胞型和骨母细胞型患者,软骨母细胞型骨肉瘤患者SKP2、CD147、DLK1阳性表达率均高于骨母细胞型患者,差异均有统计学意义（P﹤0.05）。预后良好与预后不良骨肉瘤患者肿瘤转移、肿瘤分型及SKP2、CD147、DLK1表达情况比较,差异均有统计学意义（P﹤0.01）。多元Logistic回归分析结果显示,SKP2、CD147、DLK1阳性表达及肿瘤转移均是骨肉瘤患者预后不良的独立危险因素（P﹤0.01）。结论 SKP2、CD147、D...     

Bacteria and cancer--antagonisms and benefits

There is considerable historical and recent evidence concerning the antagonisms between acute bacterial infections or their toxins and cancer and allied diseases. These data provide renewed incentives to undertake clinical programmes with mixed bacterial vaccines in many countries at the present time.     

Religiosity and physical and emotional functioning among African American and White colorectal and lung cancer patients

The literature suggests that religiosity helps cope with illness. The present study examined the role of religiosity in functioning among African Americans and Whites with a cancer diagnosis. Patients were recruited from an existing study and mailed a religiosity survey. Participants (N = 269; 36% African American, 56% women) completed the mail survey, and interview data from the larger cohort was utilized in the analysis. Multivariate analyses indicated that in the overall sample religious behaviors were marginally and positively associated with mental health and negatively with depressive symptoms. Among women, religious behaviors were positively associated with mental health and negatively with depressive symptoms. Religiosity was not a predictor of study outcomes for men. Among African Americans, religious behaviors were positively associated with mental health and vitality. Among Whites, religious behaviors were negatively associated with depressive symptoms. These findings suggest a mixed role of religious involvement in cancer outcomes. The current findings may have applied potential in the areas of emotional functioning and depression.     

VEGF及KDR在大肠腺瘤和腺癌中的表达及意义

目的：探讨VEGF和KDR在大肠腺瘤和大肠腺癌中的表达及临床病理特征的关系。方法：大肠腺瘤和大肠腺癌组织标本各100例,采用免疫组织化学染色法检测VEGF和KDR在标本中的表达情况。结果：VEGF和KDR在大肠腺癌组中的阳性表达明显高于大肠腺瘤组（P〈0.05）;在正常大肠黏膜均未见VEGF和KDR表达的阳性染色;VEGF阳性表达组中KDR的阳性表达率为70%,显著高于VEGF阴性表达组中KDR的阳性表达率16%,两组比较有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论：大肠腺癌组织中KDR的表达与肿瘤大小、转移情况、浸润深度密切相关;VEGF和KDR在大肠腺瘤中的表达与患者的年龄、性别及分型均无相关性,而与增生程度相关（P〈0.05）。在大肠腺癌患者中VEGF及KDR表达更高,二者具有协同效应。     

Renal irradiation and the pharmacology and toxicity of methotrexate and cisplatinum

We used a rat model to study the effects of renal irradiation on the pharmacology of methotrexate (MTX) and cisplatinum (cis-Pt). Unanesthetized rats were given bilateral kidney irradiation (20 Gy in 9 fractions). At 9 months after irradiation, 3% of the animals had died and survivors showed moderately impaired renal function. At 15 months, 30% of the animals had died and survivors showed severely impaired renal function. Some animals were given i.v. MTX 1 week to 15 months after irradiation. In irradiated rats, the area under the MTX plasma clearance curve equaled that of controls through 6 months, and was significantly above controls from 9 months on. Other animals were given i.p. cis-Pt 1 week to 9 months after irradiation. The acute toxicity of cis-Pt was the same in control and irradiated rats when cis-Pt was given immediately before or after irradiation. Beginning 3 months after irradiation there was a progressive increase in cis-Pt toxicity and a simultaneous decrease in urinary platinum excretion. Irradiated animals that survived cis-Pt treatment showed increased radiation nephritis; the greatest effect occurred when cis-Pt was given 3 months or more after irradiation. MTX and cis-Pt clearance decreased when renal dysfunction was first observed and changes in renal function preceded changes in drug clearance and toxicity.     

Fruit and vegetables and cancer risk

The possibility that fruit and vegetables may help to reduce the risk of cancer has been studied for over 30 years, but no protective effects have been firmly established. For cancers of the upper gastrointestinal tract, epidemiological studies have generally observed that people with a relatively high intake of fruit and vegetables have a moderately reduced risk, but these observations must be interpreted cautiously because of potential confounding by smoking and alcohol. For lung cancer, recent large prospective analyses with detailed adjustment for smoking have not shown a convincing association between fruit and vegetable intake and reduced risk. For other common cancers, including colorectal, breast and prostate cancer, epidemiological studies suggest little or no association between total fruit and vegetable consumption and risk. It is still possible that there are benefits to be identified: there could be benefits in populations with low average intakes of fruit and vegetables, such that those eating moderate amounts have a lower cancer risk than those eating very low amounts, and there could also be effects of particular nutrients in certain fruits and vegetables, as fruit and vegetables have very varied composition. Nutritional principles indicate that healthy diets should include at least moderate amounts of fruit and vegetables, but the available data suggest that general increases in fruit and vegetable intake would not have much effect on cancer rates, at least in well-nourished populations. Current advice in relation to diet and cancer should include the recommendation to consume adequate amounts of fruit and vegetables, but should put most emphasis on the well-established adverse effects of obesity and high alcohol intakes.     

New and emerging radiosensitizers and radioprotectors

The combination of chemotherapy and radiation has led to clinical breakthroughs in several disease sites, and current work continues to define optimum combinations of proven chemotherapy as well as more recently available, noncytotoxic agents. Administration of systemic therapies allows modulation of radiation response to improve tumor control (radiosensitization) or to prevent normal tissue toxicity (radioprotection). Substantial progress has been made in identifying the targets of standard chemotherapeutic radiation sensitizers and protectors as well as in the introduction of a new generation of molecularly targeted therapies in combination with radiation. We have reviewed the most recent, predominantly early phase clinical trials combining systemic agents with radiation. Although the proof of an improved schedule ultimately needs to come from well-run Phase III trials, the search among schedules could be shortened by the use of surrogate endpoints such as presence of active drug metabolites in the tumor. This has been accomplished only in a few cases and needs to become a more standard part of radiation sensitizer and protector trials.