脉冲多普勒超声定量检测狭窄管流中流动指标的方法学探讨

目的　探讨狭窄管流中一系列流动指标的定量检测方法 ,包括 Reynolds数、相对频带展宽度(RSB)、层流剪应力、法向雷诺应力 (RNS)等。方法　采用临床使用的脉冲多普勒血流仪在狭窄前后多个位点进行多时点检测 ,得出流场特征 ,再分别评价各项指标。结果　定性评价见狭窄下游呈现鲜亮的“烛焰形”花色镶嵌湍流流型 ,狭窄后 1.0 cm处得到较大的 RSB、RNS等 ,1/ 2 R取样容积处湍流指标大于相应的轴心处。结论　狭窄后1.0 cm1/ 2 R取样容积处存在最大的湍流度 ;狭窄后各位点的数据离散度大于狭窄前。该研究为进一步在不同流场中开展生物力学的在体研究奠定了前期工作基础     

应用彩色脉冲多普勒超声对肾动脉狭窄诊断的临床价值探讨

目的 探讨应用彩色脉冲多普勒超声对肾动脉狭窄(Renal artery stenosis 简称RAS)诊断的临床价值.方法 利用彩色脉冲多普勒超声检测30条狭窄肾动脉的同侧肾脏大小、肾段动脉最大峰值血流速度(PSV)、阻力指数(RI)及搏动指数(PI),并与40条正常肾动脉进行对照.结果 RAS组肾段动脉峰值血流速度(PSV)高于对照组,(P<0.05),阻力指数(RI)和搏动指数(PI)高于对照组(P <0.05).结论 彩色脉冲多普勒超声诊断肾动脉狭窄具有安全、可靠、简便、无创、快捷的特点,可用于筛选和随访肾动脉狭窄.     

颈动脉彩色多普勒超声检测指标与经颅多普勒超声参数值间的相关性分析

目的对颈动脉彩色多普勒超声(CDFI)各检测指标与经颅多普勒超声(TCD)各参数值进行相关性分析,探讨CDFI各检测指标与TCD各参数值间的相关性。方法选取2008年3月至2009年3月在我院神经内科住院的118例缺血性脑血管病患者作为研究对象,所有研究对象均同时完善了CDFI及TCD检查。首先将118例患者分为有、无斑块两组行成组t检验,探讨颈动脉粥样硬化斑块有无与TCD参数值间的相关性;另将研究对象分为无斑块组、单侧斑块组和双侧斑块组,对3组资料进行单因素方差分析及SNK-q检验,探讨斑块数量与TCD参数值间的相关性;并将斑块组分为硬斑组、软斑组和混合斑组3个亚组,亦对该3组资料进行单因素方差分析及SNK-q检验,探讨斑块性质与TCD参数值间的相关性;最后对左颈总动脉内中膜厚度(IMT)与TCD参数值进行直线相关分析,分析IMT与TCD参数值间的相关性。结果与无斑块组相比,斑块组的左侧大脑中动脉(LMCA)、右侧大脑中动脉(RMCA)及基底动脉(BA)的PI、RI、S/D值升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而Vp、Vd、Vm无统计学差异。斑块数量、斑块性质、IMT与TCD参数值无相关性。结论除有无颈...     

经腹与经阴道彩超对输卵管妊娠的诊断价值

目的探讨经腹与经阴道彩色多普勒超声对诊断输卵管妊娠的价值。方法对306例分别经两种超声检查并经过手术证实的输卵管妊娠进行总结回顾分析,包括子宫大小及内膜情况,宫旁有无包块、性质、腹盆腔积液等。结果经腹彩色多普勒超声对输卵管妊娠诊断符合率84.31%,经阴道彩色多普勒超声对输卵管妊娠诊断符合率为97.71%,两者有显著性差异。结论彩色多普勒超声具有符合率高、操作简便、无损伤等特点,对输卵管妊娠的诊断具有重要价值。尤其是经阴道彩色多普勒超声检查,其符合率更高。     

Quantitative evaluation of canine renal blood flow with contrast-enhanced ultrasound]

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the accuracy of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEU) in renal blood flow quantification. METHODS: Regional renal perfusion was quantified with CEU in 10 dogs at the baseline level and after treatment with 3 doses of dopamine (3, 8 and 16 mg.kg(-1).min(-1)), and renal arterial flow (RAF) was measured with ultrasonic flow probes deployed directly on the renal artery simultaneously. Normalized RAF was calculated as RAF divided by renal weight (ml.min(-1).g(-1)). RESULTS: Compared with the baseline level, a progressive increase in RAF was induced by dopamine treatment at the doses of 3 and 8 mg.kg(-1).min(-1) (P<0.05), but at a higher dose of 16 mg.kg(-1).min(-1), the increment in RAF was reduced in comparison with that with the two lower doses (P<0.05). The same changes in cortical nutrient blood flow derived from CEU were observed. Significant positive correlation was found between normalized RAF and CEU-derived cortical nutrient blood flow (y=39.8x + 44.3, r=0.88, P<0.001). CONCLUSION: CEU can be used to accurately quantify renal blood flow in dogs.     

Quantitative analysis of normal fetal brain volume and flow by three-dimensional power Doppler ultrasound

BackgroundAssessment of the fetal brain volume and blood flow is important in the evaluation of fetal growth. We used three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound and power Doppler to assess the fetal brain volume and the blood flow index during normal gestation. The relationships of these parameters were further analyzed.MethodsWe assessed the total volume and the blood flow index of the fetal brain in normal pregnancies using 3D ultrasound (Voluson 730). The bilateral parietal diameter (BPD) plane was measured by a 3D transabdominal probe to scan the fetal brain under the power Doppler mode. Then, we quantitatively assessed the total volume of the fetal brain, mean grey area (MG), vascularization index (VI), flow index (FI), and vascularization-flow index (VFI) by applying Kretz VOCAL software.ResultsThe study included 126 fetuses, ranging from 15 to 38 weeks of gestation. The total volume of the fetal brain was highly positively correlated with the gestational age (GA) (correlation coefficient [r] = 0.976, p < 0.0001). The MG, VI, and VFI were negatively correlated with the GA (correlation coefficient [r] = ?0.520, p < 0.0001; [r] = ?0.421, p < 0.001; [r] = ?0.319, p < 0.0001). The FI was positively correlated with the GA (correlation coefficient [r] = 0.483, p < 0.0001).Conclusion3D ultrasound can be used to assess the fetal brain volume and blood flow development quantitatively. Our study indicates that the fetal brain vascularization and blood flow correlates significantly with the advancement of GA. This information may serve as a reference point for further studies of the fetal brain volume and blood flow in abnormal conditions.     

阴道彩超检查对诊断输卵管间质部妊娠的临床应用

目的探讨彩色超声对输卵管间质部妊娠的诊断价值。方法回顾性分析36例输卵管间质部妊娠的超声声像图特征及手术效果。结果超声声像图表现为典型孕囊型（5例）、不典型孕囊型（6例）和包块型（25例）三种类型;36例输卵管间质部妊娠患者中超声正确诊断30例,误诊为宫角部妊娠3例,双子宫一侧妊娠1例,滋养细胞疾病1例,残角子宫1例。结论经阴道彩色多普勒血流显像对输卵管间质部妊娠的诊断是一种可靠的诊断方法,具有重要的临床价值。     

彩色多普勒超声在乳腺导管内乳头状瘤诊断中的应用

[目的]评价高频彩色多普勒超声在乳腺导管内乳头状瘤诊断中的应用价值。[方法]回顾性分析64例经手术病理证实的乳腺导管内乳头状瘤患者的89个病灶,根据其声像图表现进行分型,并对发现的实性病灶按BI—RADS—US分级标准进行评价。[结果]64例中与手术病理相符者47例,准确率73．4％,按声像图表现可分为导管型及实质型。导管型诊断准确率22／25（88．0％）;实质型诊断准确率25／37（67．6％）。将实质型病灶按大小（≥2cm及〈2cm）进行形态学特征比较,发现良、恶性病灶按BI—RADS—US分级标准的超声特征差异无显著性意义。[结论]二维及彩色多普勒超声检查可以对乳腺导管内乳头状瘤做出较明确的诊断和定位,但对于良、恶性的鉴别诊断仍有一定局限性。临床应用中要注意对实质性导管内乳头状瘤提高认识,为临床提供相关信息,提早治疗,减少发生恶变的可能性。     

低强度脉冲超声对人骨性关节炎软骨细胞的影响

目的 探讨低强度脉冲超声(low-intensity pulsed ultrasound,LIPUS)对体外原代培养的人骨性关节炎(osteoarthritis,OA)软骨细胞凋亡和细胞外基质(extracellular matrix,ECM)的影响.方法 取人膝关节置换术后废弃软骨分离培养软骨细胞,经甲苯胺蓝染色与Ⅱ型胶原细胞免疫化学染色鉴定,分别用流式细胞仪、qPCR技术及Western blot技术检测不同超声强度(0、30、60、90 mW/cm2)条件下软骨细胞的凋亡率和Ⅱ型胶原(COL2α1)、蛋白聚糖(aggrecan)、基质金属酶13(matrix metalloproteases 13,MMP13)在mRNA及蛋白水平的表达差异.结果 流式细胞学检测显示,30、60、90 mW/cm2组的细胞凋亡率[(7.75±0.79)％、(8.52±0.91)％、(11.38±0.85)％]均较对照组低[(18.13±0.83)％,P＜0.05];30、60、90 mW/cm2组细胞的COL2α1和蛋白聚糖在mRNA及蛋白水平均高于对照组(P＜0.05),MMP13 mRNA及蛋白表达水平低于对照组(P＜0.05),但各处理组之间不呈强度依赖性.结论 LIPUS能够抑制体外单层培养的OA软骨细胞的凋亡,促进软骨ECM的合成,抑制软骨ECM的分解,可用于OA的治疗并延缓其发展.     

经颅多普勒超声、彩色多普勒血流显像在锁骨下动脉盗血综合征诊断中的价值

①目的 探讨锁骨下动脉盗血综合征(SSS)经颅多普勒超声(TCD)及彩色多普勒血流显像(CDFI)表现,分析SSS的原因、血流动力学、频谱特点、狭窄程度与盗血的关系等问题,评价TCD、CDFI诊断价值.②方法 CDFI常规显示颈动脉、椎动脉等内径及内膜情况,对椎动脉疑有盗血频谱的患者结合TCD检测椎动脉出现血流方向逆转,基底动脉呈双向血流频谱的特征性盗血频谱图形.③结果 20例锁骨下动脉盗血综合征患者中,动脉硬化及大动脉炎所致各为18例和2例,锁骨下动脉或无名动脉狭窄或闭锁可引起部分型及完全型盗血.椎动脉峰值流速健侧高于患侧.④结论 锁骨下动脉最常见的病因是动脉硬化和大动脉炎,其完全型与部分型盗血与血管狭窄程度有关.TCD与CDFI结合能更准确地对锁骨下动脉盗血做出诊断.     

Color Doppler flow imaging in gallbladder tumors]

Thirty patients (22 male, 8 female, age range 25-83) with gallbladder (GB) masses or thickened GB wall found by real-time sonography were studied by duplex and color doppler ultrasonography. All the patients were confirmed pathologically after surgery. Seven of 8 patients with primary GB malignancy (adenocarcinoma 7, malignant fibrous histiocytoma 1) showed high velocity arterial blood flow signal (VABFS) in the tumor masses. No VABFS was observed in 10 patients (metastatic adenocarcinoma 3, adenoma 5, polyps 2). All the 10 patients with primary GB carcinoma (masses 8, wall thickening 2) showed high VABFS in the GB wall. In contrast, no VABFS was found in the GB wall in 3 patients with metastatic GB carcinoma. In 17 patients with benign GB lesion (adenoma 5, polyps 2, xanthogranuloma 2, chronic cholecystitis 6, subacute cholecystitis 2), only 5 (polyps 1, xanthogranuloma 1, chronic cholecystitis 1, subacute cholecystitis 2) demonstrated low VABFS. High VABFS in the GB masses or GB wall, a significant feature of primary GB carcinoma, is helpful in differentiating primary GB carcinoma from metastatic and benign GB lesion.     

超声彩色多普勒检测颈部血管早期动脉硬化的临床研究

目的：探讨超声彩色多普勒检测高血压及高血压伴糖尿病患者颈动脉早期动脉硬化血管内膜结构和血流动力学改变的意义。方法：应用超声诊断技术对91例高血压、37例高血压合并糖尿病（高糖）患者与31例正常对照组进行双侧颈动脉内一中膜厚度及斑块检测,并进行血流动力学观察。结果：高血压、高糖患者内一中膜增厚及斑块形成。结论：高血压、糖尿病是动脉粥样硬化的主要危险因素,超声检查颈动脉血管,观察血管的早期病变,对临床诊治具有指导作用。