Plasma lipid and lipoprotein profile in elderly male long-distance runners

Summary. The purpose of this study was to evaluate plasma lipid and lipoprotein profiles in 30 elderly male long-distance runners (aged 66 ± 5 years, body fat 12 ± 2%, mean ± SD) by comparing them with 30 middle-aged untrained men (43 ±8 years, 17 ±3%), 30 middle-aged endurance-trained men (45 ±8 years, 12 ± 2%) who were matched for training distance to the elderly runners, and 15 elderly sedentary persons (65 ± 4 years, 16 ± 4%). Both elderly and middle-aged runners averaged 43 km/week in the latest year. Maximal oxygen uptake in the elderly runners (48 ± 5 ml/kg/min) was 60% higher than in age-matched untrained men, but 15% lower than in middle-aged runners. Plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) was significantly higher in the elderly runners than in their age-matched counterparts (77 vs. 59 mg/dl), but not different from the middle-aged runners. The middle-aged runners had lower plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC) concentrations than their untrained counterparts (114 vs. 129 mg/dl), whereas LDLC level in the elderly runners was almost identical to that of the age-matched untrained men (127 vs. 119 mg/dl). Total cholesterol concentration in the elderly runners (219 mg/dl) was 11% higher than in the age-matched untrained men, whereas there was no difference between the middle-aged trained and untrained men. The remarkable reduction of the LDLC/ HDLC ratio in the elderly runners, therefore, is attributable to the elevated HDLC rather than lowered LDLC compared with the age-matched sedentary men (1·7 vs. 2·2). The elderly runners had plasma triglyceride concentrations similar to those of the middle-aged runners, and lower than those of the sedentary men. These results suggest that regularly performed endurance exercise favourably modifies the lipid and lipoprotein profile, and may thus reduce the risk of developing coronary heart disease for elderly men.     

Plasma lipid and lipoprotein profiles in pre- and post-menopausal middle-aged runners

Summary. Plasma lipid and lipoprotein profiles were compared in middle-aged trained and untrained women before and after menopause. Subjects were assigned to one of four groups: (1) pre-menopausal trained (Pre-T: n= 17, aged 42 ±5 years, body fat 19±5%, training distance 53 ±20 km week^-1, V?o_2max 49 ±4 ml kg^-1 min^-1, mean±SD); (2) pre-menopausal untrained (Pre-UT: n= 26, 42 ±5 years, 24 ±7%, 34 ±6 ml kg^-1 min^-1); (3) post-menopausal trained (Post-T: n= 16, 54 ±3 years, 20 ±4%, 43 ±19 km week^-1, 41 ±5 ml kg^-1 min^-1); and (4) post-menopausal untrained (Post-UT: n= 15, 55 ±3 years, 25 ±6%, 31 ±3 ml kg^-1 min^-1). There were no significant differences in total cholesterol (range 173–194 mg dl^-1), triglyceride (56–72 mg dl^-1), and HDL-cholesterol (HDLC: 76–85 mg dl^-1) among the four groups. LDL-cholesterol (LDLC) in the post-menopausal women (Post-T: 96 ±32 mg dl^-1; Post-UT: 104 ±23 mg dl^-1) tended to be higher than in the premenopausal women (Pre-T: 86 ± 25 mg dl^-1, Pre-UT: 81 ± 23 mg dl^-1). LDLC/HDLC ratio in Post-UT (1·42 ±0·38 unit) was higher than in the pre-menopausal women (Pre-T: 1·03±0·31 unit, P<0·01; Pre-UT: 1·10±0·38 unit, P<0·05), whereas the ratio in Post-T (1·20 ±0·38 unit) was not different from those of the pre-menopausal groups. These results suggest that endurance running protects against the increase in LDLC/HDLC ratio that frequently occurs after menopause.     

血清脂蛋白亚类和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇酯化速率的生物学变异

目的 研究血清HDL亚类(HDL2-C、HDL3-C)、LDL亚类(LDLa-C、LDLb-C)、FERHDL和MERHDL的个体内和个体间的生物学变异(CVI、CVG).方法 选取2010年9-10月卫生部北京医院20名健康成年志愿者,男女各10名.每隔2周采集空腹静脉血1次,共采集4次,用超速离心-高效液相色谱(HPLC)法测定各脂蛋白亚类水平及FERHDL和MERHDL,计算其CVI和CVG,并给出各项指标的分析质量要求.结果 不同血脂指标的生物学变异不同,HDL3-C和HDL2-C的平均CVI分别为5.5％和7.2％,但两者的CVG差别较大,分别为8.7％和45.5％;LDLa-C和LDLb-C平均CVI分别为11.2％和18.7％;FERHDL和MERHDL的CVI分别为11.9％和12.3％,其中FERHDL的CVG (49.5％)大于MERHDL的CVG(30.6％).CVI存在较大个体差异.结论 本研究考察了血清脂蛋白亚类和HDL胆固醇酯化速率的生物学变异,可为这些血脂类危险因素的分析质量控制及心血管病危险分析奠定基础.     

Relation of running distance to plasma HDL-cholesterol level in middle-aged male runners

Summary. This study examined the relation of training distance to plasma high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) concentration in runners. Forty-eight male endurance runners, aged from 30 to 57 years, were classified into three groups according to training distance (Grade I: n= 12, 30 km/week; Grade II: n= 22, 60 km/week; Grade III: n= 14, 100 km/week in average running distance), with 12 non-lean and 12 lean subjects as age-matched untrained controls. There were no significant differences in plasma total cholesterol among the groups (194–208 mg/dl on average). HDLC level was significantly higher in the untrained, lean group than in the untrained, non-lean men (63 ± 13 vs. 46 ± 8 mg/dl, mean ± SD). HDLC levels in all the runner groups were significantly higher than in untrained, lean subjects, and no differences were observed among Grade I, II and III runner groups (76 ± 15, 76 ± 13, 77 ± 11 mg/dl, respectively). This study suggests that further increases in HDLC could not occur in response to further elevation of training distance in well-trained runners.     

Hypertension,lipoprotein subclasses and lipid transfer proteins in obese children and adolescents

Background: Obesity-related childhood hypertension is associated with disturbances of serum lipids, but less is known about distribution of lipoprotein subclasses and activities of proteins involved in reverse cholesterol transport in hypertensive obese children. Our objective was to determine low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) subclasses distribution and activities of lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) and cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) in hypertensive and non-hypertensive obese children.

Methods: A total of 40 hypertensive and 25 non-hypertensive obese children were enrolled. Lipoprotein subclasses were assessed by polyacrylamide gradient gel electrophoresis. LCAT and CETP activities were determined as a rate of formation and a rate of transfer of cholesteryl esters.

Results: Despite of comparable values of serum lipid parameters, a shift toward smaller LDL and HDL subclasses was observed in hypertensive compared to normotensive obese children. Activities of LCAT were similar, but proatherogenic CETP activities were significantly higher in the hypertensive group (p?= 0.036). LCAT/net CETP ratio inversely correlated with relative proportion of small, dense LDL particles (ρ =??0.423; p?= 0.025) in the group with hypertension.

Conclusions: The results of our study demonstrated a tendency toward altered distribution of lipoprotein subclasses in favor of more proatherogenic particles in childhood hypertension. Also, hypertensive obese children had increased proatherogenic CETP activity.     

Decreased affinity of low density lipoprotein (LDL) particles for LDL receptors in patients with cholesteryl ester transfer protein deficiency

Abstract. We have reported that the disorder of lipoprotein metabolism in hyperalphalipoproteinae-mic patients with a deficiency of cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) is characterized by the poly-disperse low density lipoprotein (LDL) particles and the accumulation of cholesteryl ester (CE) in high density lipoprotein (HDL) particles, forming cholesterol-induced HDL (HDLc)-like particles. In the present study we have investigated the interaction of these abnormal LDL with LDL receptors of normal human fibroblasts. Since the ultracentrifugally separated LDL fraction (1.019 < d < 1.063 gmL^-1) from the CETP-deficient patients contained HDLc-like particles, these particles were removed by anti-apolipoprotein (apo) A-I immunoaffinity column chromatography. The lipoproteins eluted in the unbound fraction of this column did not contain apo A-I, so this fraction was considered to be authentic LDL. The authentic LDL of the patients were deficient in CE and rich in triglycerides and apo B. The authentic LDL itself showed polydispersity, ranging in size from 23 nm to 30 nm. The affinity of these abnormal LDL particles for LDL receptors was analysed by a competitive assay in which cold LDL from the patients or control compete with ¹²⁵I-labelled LDL for fibroblast LDL receptors. The concentration of LDL particles at which 50% of ¹²⁵I-labelled normal LDL was replaced was two to three times higher for the patients than for the normal control. Therefore, the affinity of patient LDL was thought to be reduced compared to that of control LDL. These results demonstrate that CETP may play an important role in making LDL particles homogeneous and rich in CE. This modulation of LDL by CETP may enhance the affinity of LDL for LDL receptors to deliver cholesterol to peripheral tissues.     

The effects of tocotrienol supplementation on lipid profile: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Background & objectiveTocotrienol supplementation has been emerged as a potent candidate for the treatment of dyslipidemia. In the present study, a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials was performed with the aim of examining the effects of tocotrienol supplementation on the lipid profile.MethodsFour databases (Scopus, PubMed/Medline, Web of Science and Embase) were used to accomplish the literature search up to November 2019. Clinical trials encompassing the impact of tocotrienol supplementation on lipid profile were extracted regardless of clinical condition, with studies included involving only adults patients.ResultsA total of 15 articles with 20 arms were eligible and included in the meta-analysis to estimate the pooled effect size. Overall results showed a significant effect of tocotrienol supplementation on increasing high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels (weight mean difference (WMD): 0.146 mmol/L, I² = 85.9%) and a non-significant influence on total cholesterol (TC) (WMD: 0.010 mmol/L, I² = 64.5%), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (WMD: 0.095 mmol/L, I² = 87.4%), and triglycerides (TG) (WMD: −0.112 mmol/L, I² = 67.4%) levels. Increment in HDL-C levels was significant greater for the tocotrienol dosage ≥ 200 mg/d (WMD: 0.202 mmol/L) and ≤8 weeks (WMD: 0.278 mmol/L). Moreover, studies that investigated tocotrienol dose ≥200 mg had no heterogeneity, while showing a significant decrease in TG levels (WMD: −0.177 mmol/L).ConclusionThe present meta-analysis demonstrated that supplementing with tocotrienols does not decrease the concentrations of LDL-C, TC and TG. However, tocotrienol supplementation was considered a candidate for increasing HDL-C levels.     

Smoking and plasma lipoproteins in man: effects on low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and high density lipoprotein subfraction distribution

Abstract. In a survey of a healthy population (n = 197), LDL cholesterol, plasma triglycerides and VLDL triglycerides were found to be substantially increased and plasma HDL cholesterol decreased in smokers. The lipid-associated atherogenic risk in smokers as assessed by the LDL/HDL ratio was significantly higher [2.89 (SD 1.18, n= 63)] than in non-smokers [2.38 (SD 0.98, n= 86) P < 0.01]. The lower HDL level found in smokers was explained by a lower HDL-2 subfraction as determined by analytical ultracentrifugation. HDL 2b, 2a and 3a, measured by gradient gel electrophoresis, were all lower in the smokers but this was only significant for HDL 2a. Smoking had no effect on Lp(a) levels. HDL cholesterol and HDL-2 were strongly negatively correlated whereas LDL cholesterol and LDL/HDL ratio were strongly positively correlated with the plasma triglyceride concentration. There was a small but significant reduction in plasma CETP activity [non-smokers 49%t/μl (SD 17, n= 90), smokers 43%t/μl (SD 17, n= 66) P < 0.05] but CETP activity was not correlated with any measure of HDL in this population. Smoking was found to be an important independent contributor to the variation in plasma triglyceride, HDL, HDL-2 and LDL/HDL ratio. After correcting for sex, age, BMI, alcohol consumption, oral contraceptive use and plasma triglycerides smoking was still found to be significantly associated with HDL and the LDL/HDL ratio. Upon adjustment for covariant factors the mean differences between smokers and non-smokers for HDL cholesterol, HDL-2 and LDL/HDL were 0.15 mM, 16 mg dl-¹ and 0.39 respectively. There appeared to be important sex differences in the influence of smoking on plasma lipoproteins. In women the main impact of smoking was on triglyceride levels and they in turn affected LDL and HDL. In contrast, in men, smoking had little impact on triglycerides and affected HDL more directly. We conclude that smoking cigarettes has an important effect on plasma lipoprotein metabolism through multiple mechanisms.     

Plasma cholesterol ester transfer protein and distribution of cell cholesterol among plasma lipoproteins in vitro in distance runners and sedentary men

Summary. Plasma cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) activity and distribution of red blood cell (RBC) cholesterol among plasma lipoproteins during incubation of blood were determined in 14 distance runners and 10 sedentary men. Mean plasma CETP activity was similar in the runners (31% 10 μl^-1 18 h^-1) and the sedentary men (32% 10 μl^-1 18 h^-1). There was significantly (P<0.05) greater accumulation of cell cholesterol in the HDL fraction (runners: 0.33 mmol 1-^-1; sedentary men: 0.23 mmol l^-1) which comprised a significantly (P<0.05) larger proportion of the total amount of cell cholesterol lost to plasma (runners: 89%; sedentary men: 64%) in incubated blood from the runners. The results of this study suggest that in distance runners, high HDL concentrations are not accompanied by reduced plasma CETP levels but in conjunction with low triglyceride-rich lipoprotein levels in plasma, may promote preferential distribution of cell cholesterol into the ‘antiatherogenic’ HDL fraction.     

Direct adsorption of low-density lipoprotein and lipoprotein(a) from whole blood: results of the first clinical long-term multicenter study using DALI apheresis

Direct adsorption of lipoproteins (DALI) is the first low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-apheresis technique by which atherogenic LDL and lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) can be selectively removed from whole blood without plasma separation. The present study was performed to evaluate the efficacy, selectivity and safety of long-term DALI apheresis. Sixty-three hypercholesterolemic coronary patients were treated by weekly DALI sessions. Initial LDL-cholesterol (C) plasma levels averaged 238 +/- 87 mg/dl (range 130-681 mg/dl). On average, 34 sessions (1-45) were performed processing 1.5 patient blood volumes. The primary aim was to acutely reduce LDL-C by >or=60% per session. To this end, three different adsorber sizes could be employed, i.e., DALI 500, 750, and 1000, which were used in 4, 73, and 23% of the 2156 sessions, respectively. On average, 7387 ml of blood were processed in 116 min per session. This resulted in the following mean acute changes: LDL-C 198 --> 63 mg/dl (-69%), Lp(a) 86 --> 32 mg/dl (-64%), triglycerides 185 --> 136 mg/dl (-27%). HDL-C (-11%) and fibrinogen (-15%) were not significantly influenced. The mean long-term reduction of LDL-C was 42% compared to baseline while HDL-C slightly increased in the long run (+4%). The selectivity of LDL removal was good as recoveries of albumin, immunoglobulins, and other proteins exceeded 85%. Ninety-five percent of 2156 sessions were completely uneventful. The most frequent adverse effects were hypotension (1.2% of sessions) and paresthesia (1.1%), which were probably due to citrate anticoagulation. Access problems had to be overcome in 1.5%, adsorber and hardware problems in 0.5% of the sessions. In this multicenter long-term study, DALI apheresis proved to be an efficient, safe, and easy procedure for extracorporeal LDL and Lp(a) elimination.     

Effect of parenteral hyperalimentation on serum lipoproteins and on lipoprotein lipase activity of adipose tissue and skeletal muscle

This study reports on the effects of parenteral nutrition with glucose along or in combination with Intralipid on heparin-releasable lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity of adipose tissue and skeletal muscle and on serum lipoproteins. Thirteen patients with postoperative hypercatabolism and nine patients with caloric malnutrition were studied. The average adipose tissue LPL activity increased 5-fold during 4-day glucose infusion (P less than 0.001) and 7.4-fold during Intralipid plus glucose infusion (P less than 0.001). In contrast, no change occurred in the LPL activity of skeletal muscle. Glucose infusion caused a significant increase in VLDL and LDL triglyceride concentrations and the Intralipid plus glucose infusion was followed by a rise in LDL and HDL triglyceride concentrations. HDL cholesterol decreased by 26% (P less than 0.01) during glucose and by 19% (P less than 0.05) during Intralipid plus glucose. Apoprotein A I was very low already at the start of parenteral alimentation and it did not change during either nutrition. The HDL cholesterol and apoprotein A I and A II levels were each positively correlated with adipose tissue LPL activity before parenteral nutrition but not after it.     

Low-density lipoprotein metabolism and its association to plasma lipoprotein(a) in the nephrotic syndrome

Patients with nephrotic syndrome have multiple abnormalities of lipoprotein metabolism, but the cause and exact nature of these abnormalities have not been established. In the present study we have determined the kinetics of plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL) apoB in seven nephrotic patients demonstrating an elevated LDL apoB production rate (25.7 ± 6.4 vs. 13.1 ± 0.3 mg kg^–1 day^–1; P  < 0.001) but a normal LDL apoB fractional catabolic rate (FCR) (0.31 ± 0.04 vs. 0.33 ± 0.008 pools day^–1; NS) compared with 41 healthy control subjects. However, two out of the seven patients had a markedly low LDL apoB-FCR. Serum albumin was inversely correlated with the LDL apoB production rate ( R  = –0.82; P  < 0.05). Plasma lipoprotien (a) [Lp(a)] levels were significantly ( P  < 0.001) increased in the nephrotic patients compared with control subjects. Significant correlations were observed between log Lp(a) and LDL apoB production rate ( R  = 0.90; P  < 0.01), VLDL-cholesterol ( R  = 0.95; P  < 0.001) and VLDL-triglycerides ( R  = 0.80; P  < 0.05) respectively. In summary, the present study suggests that nephrotic hyperlipidaemia may be caused by at least two independent mechanisms. The elevated LDL apoB production rate is highly correlated with the prevailing levels of serum albumin, whereas some nephrotic patients seem to have a decreased LDL apoB clearance, suggesting impaired LDL receptor-mediated clearance. The present results also suggest that the elevated plasma Lp(a) levels in nephrosis are related to an increased hepatic synthesis rather than a decreased catabolism of lipoproteins.     

血浆同型半胱氨酸及颈动脉斑块对老年女性冠心病的预测价值

目的 探讨血浆同型半胱氨酸（homocysteine,Hcy）水平及颈动脉内-中膜厚度（intima-media thickness,IMT）对老年女性冠心病的预测价值。方法 年龄≥60岁拟诊冠心病女性患者100例,根据冠状动脉造影结果分为冠心病组67例和非冠心病组33例,冠心病组再分为单支病变组33例,2支病变组26例和多支病变组8例,比较各组血浆Hcy水平、颈动脉IMT及Crouse积分差异;计算IMT预测老年女性冠心病的特异性,敏感性及阳性预测值。结果 冠心病组血浆Hcy（（17.24±7.86）μmol/L）、颈动脉IMT（（0.96±0.32）mm）、颈动脉Crouse积分（12.59±1.83）均高于非冠心病组（（12.92±3.30）μmol/L、（0.75±0.07）mm、4.90±4.50）（P〈0.05）;冠心病各亚组血浆Hcy水平、颈动脉IMT及Crouse积分为多支病变组〉2支病变组〉单支病变组,组间比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;以IMT=0.96mm为诊断界点,IMT预测冠心病的特异性、敏感性、阳性预测值分别为78.8%（26/33）、70.1%（47/67）、87.0%（47/54）。结论 血浆Hcy水平及颈动脉IMT与老年女性冠心病发生及冠状动脉病变严重程度相关;血浆Hcy水平联合颈动脉IMT可预测老年女性是否发生冠心病及其严重程度。     

The ontogeny and site of intestinal lipid and lipoprotein synthesis

The developmental aspects of characteristic intestinal lipoprotein synthesis, chlomicrons (CM), very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) and high density lipoproteins (HDL), are unknown. Our objective was to determine the ontogeny of intestinal lipid and lipoprotein synthesis in both the jejunum and the ileum. Explants of the jejunum and the ileum from fetal (F) (18-19 days of gestation), suckling (S) (5 days old) and weaning (W) (23 days old) rats were cultured in the presence of [14C]-oleic acid to examine lipid synthesis. The results indicate the following. (1) The incorporation of oleic acid is higher for the fetal explants. However, the efficiency of esterification of free fatty acids (FFA) into triglycerides (TG) in the jejunum increases with age (33% F, 37% S, 48% W) (P less than 0.05, by ANOVA). (2) The same profile is found at the ideal site for the incorporation of oleic acid. However, the capacity for the synthesis of TG is more intense at the suckling period (34% F, 54% S, 42% W) (P less than 0.05, by ANOVA). (3) The relative content of TG in CM changes with age: F, 90-93%; S, 80-84%; W, 33-40%. (4) A low percentage of TG content is found in CM at the weaning period while high levels are detectable in VLDL (40-42%). (5) A most significant difference is noted between the jejunum and the ileum in TG synthesis at the suckling period. The ileum synthesizes 53% more TG than the jejunum (P less than 0.025). (6) HDL particles contain substantial amounts of FFA. Nevertheless, they were also found to be able to transport TG mainly in the suckling rat. Thus, this study demonstrates that with growth the rat is able to synthesize CM, VLDL and HDL. Our findings indicate changes in the synthesis of intestinal lipids and lipoproteins, depending on both the development and the site, which suggests an ontogeny. These modifications can be attributed to dietary and hormonal influences present during the period of development.     

急性有机磷农药中毒患者血液脂质和脂蛋白测定

目的　探讨急性有机磷农药中毒 (AOPP)患者血清总胆固醇 (TC)、甘油三酯 (TG)、高密度脂蛋白 (HDL)、血清载脂蛋白 (Apo)、包括ApoA1 和ApoB等各项浓度的变化及临床意义。方法　根据患者入院时中毒程度设轻、中和重度中毒 3组及健康对照组。对各中毒组第 1、7天及重度中毒组第 1 4天分别采静脉血作上述各项浓度的动态观察。健康对照组门诊检测 1次。结果　各项检测随中毒的严重程度而降低更显著 ,与对照组比较 ,轻度中毒组 2次 1 0项检测中有 4项差异显著 ,中度中毒组 2次 1 0项检测有 6项差异显著 ,重度中毒组 3次 1 5项检测有 1 1项差异显著 ,且第 1、7天 2次 1 0项检测有 9项差异显著 (P <0 0 5、P <0 0 1和P <0 0 0 1 )。结论　AOPP患者血液中脂质和脂蛋白浓度的减低与中毒程度有关 ,动态观察其变化对了解病情、指导治疗有重要帮助     

宜宾市儿童血脂浓度分析

目的了解宜宾地区儿童血脂水平和血脂异常现状,为儿童期预防心血管疾病提供科学依据。方法随机选取宜宾地区健康儿童410例,根据年龄分为4个组,用日立7600-020全自动生化分析仪检测血清三酰甘油（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）及低密度值蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）浓度。结果宜宾地区12岁以内儿童TG、TC、HDL-C与LDL-C血脂浓度分别为（0．92±0．46）mmol／L（3．77±0．73）mmol／L、（1．17±0．33）mmol／L、（2．22±0．65）mmol／L,异常率分别为1．46％、3．17％、21．46％、6．34％。儿童总异常率25．12％,3～12岁儿童总异常率20．73％。12岁以内不同性别儿童TG、TC、HDL-C、LDL-C浓度差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论TG、TC、LDL-C异常率虽较其他地区报道略低。但儿童HDL-C、血脂总异常率远高于其他地区,虽可能由于选取的儿童年龄不一致造成,但儿童血脂紊乱仍有一定的比例。采取综合措施预防儿童血脂紊乱很有必要。     

Plasma lipid and lipoprotein concentrations in pregnancy induced hypertension

OBJECTIVES: Aim of this study was to evaluate implication of pregnancy induced hypertension on maternal plasma lipid, lipoprotein, apolipoprotein concentrations and lipid peroxidation products by a comparison of normal pregnancy vs. preeclampsia. DESIGN AND METHODS: Thirty-four women with preeclampsia and 32 healthy pregnant women (controls) in the third trimester were recruited for this study. RESULTS: In the preeclamptic group plasma total triglyceride, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), malondialdehyde (MDA) and apolipoprotein B (apo-B) were significantly increased, while plasma high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was significantly decreased compared to that of control group. There was no significant difference in total cholesterol and apolipoprotein A1 (apo-A1) concentrations. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that preeclampsia share some metabolic characteristics with coronary artery disease such as dislipidemia and increased lipid peroxidation. However lipoprotein concentrations may be better biochemical markers of dislipidemia in the preeclamptic state than the corresponding apolipoproteins.     

Plasma lipid and lipoprotein concentrations in symptomatic postpolio patients

This study reports lipid and lipoprotein concentrations in postpolio patients seen in our postpolio clinic who were evaluated for complaints of progressive weakness, fatigue, and/or pain. Concentrations of total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglycerides (TG) were determined after an overnight fast. Sixty-four patients (24 men and 40 women) with a mean age of 48 +/- 10 years were studied. Mean (+/- SD) lipid concentrations (mg/dL) for men and women, respectively, were 220 +/- 46 and 213 +/- 43 for TC; 38.5 +/- 8.6 and 59.1 +/- 18.1 for HDL-C; 148 +/- 46 and 129 +/- 36 for LDL-C; and 205 +/- 107 and 105 +/- 55 for TG. Hyperlipidemia was found in 16 of 24 men and 10 of 40 women. In the men, mean HDL-C concentration was in the lowest decile of our hospital laboratory's reference range, whereas mean TC/HDL-C ratio was elevated above the recommended value. It is suggested that lipid and lipoprotein concentrations be evaluated in postpolio patients because a high prevalence of lipid/lipoprotein disorders was found in our subjects. Further research is needed on this topic.