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1.
HIV-1逆转录酶耐核苷类药物突变新进展   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
随着抗逆转录病毒药物(ART)的不断开发和高效抗逆转录病毒疗法(HAART)的应用和推广,艾滋病发病率和死亡率明显降低。然而,对一种或多种抗逆转录药物耐药的H/V-1变异株的出现成了影响HAART治疗效果的主要因素之一。加强对HIV-1耐药突变及其相互关系的理解对临床治疗有重要的意义,本文将对目前HIV-1逆转录酶耐核苷类药物突变进展进行综述。  相似文献   

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目的研究湖北省流行的HIV-1毒株在经过高效抗逆转录病毒治疗(HAART)及未治疗人群中耐药基因变异情况。方法采集HIV-1感染者抗凝外周血,提取前病毒DNA,用巢式PCR方法扩增HIV-1 pol基因约2kb的核酸序列,进行序列测定并通过斯坦福耐药基因数据库进行耐药基因型分析。结果抗病毒治疗组19例,未治疗组25例。在所有的HIV-1感染者样本序列中,发现针对蛋白酶抑制剂(PIs)的耐药突变:D30N(2.27%),D30G(2.27%),M461(4.55%),M46N(2.27%),147V(4.55%),184V(4.55%),184L(2.27%),N88S(2.27%),L90S(2.27%),以及针对PIs的次要耐药基因突变;A71T(29.55%)。在治疗组中出现针对逆转录酶抑制剂(NRTIs及NNRTIs)的主要耐药基因突变的样本5例,突变主要有M41L(5.26%),A62V(5.26%),D67N(5.26%),L210W(5.26%),T215Y(15.79%);K103E(5.26%),K103N(10.53%),Y181C(5.26%),G190A(5.26%),K238N(5.26%)。在未治疗组中出现针对逆转录酶抑制剂(NRTIs及NNRTIs)的主要耐药基因突变的样本5例,突变主要有M184V(4%),K65N(4%),Y115M(4%),F116L(4%),M1841(4%);V179D(4%),G190R(4%)。在逆转录酶(RT)基因中耐药意义不明的突变F214L,与药物的使用有统计学上的相关性(P=0.03)。结论湖北省HIV-1感染者RT基因的耐药突变,在治疗和未治疗人群样本中差异有统计学意义,说明药物治疗已经对HIV耐药基因突变的产生有了一定影响。同时,耐药意义尚未明确的突变位点F214L也可能与治疗或是某些药物的使用有一定的相关性。  相似文献   

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目的了解北京市朝阳区新确认HIV-1感染者耐药相关位点突变的情况。方法选取2014年朝阳区新确认的HIV-1感染者125例,提取血浆中的病毒RNA,用反转录PCR和套式PCR扩增HIV病毒的pol区,并进行序列测定及耐药分析。结果 92份标本扩增成功,扩增阳性样本亚型分布以CRF01_AE亚型为主,占58.70%,31例(33.70%)为CRF07_BC亚型,6例(6.53%)为B亚型,1例(1.07%)为CRF08_BC亚型;经耐药相关位点分析,27例出现了至少一种耐药相关突变;11例(11.96%)患者携带的耐药相关突变位点可能会引起不同程度的耐药。结论朝阳区新确认HIV-1感染者原发性耐药处于相对较高的水平,与新确认的感染者中以男男性接触人群为主有关,同时提示应当对HIV原发性耐药监测常规化。  相似文献   

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目的 探索HIV-1低病毒载量(LVL)患者外周血HIV-1前病毒DNA是否携带优势耐药突变位点(DRMs),以及HIV-1前病毒DNA耐药检测在临床中的潜在意义.方法 采集2020年5月—2021年5月在某院门诊接受抗病毒治疗6个月以上且连续两次检测HIV-1 RNA血浆病毒载量(viral load,VL)为50~...  相似文献   

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目的 了解温州地区新发HIV-1感染者抗病毒治疗前耐药情况,为选择抗病毒药物提供参考依据.方法 回顾性分析2018年9月-2020年12月温州市中心医院感染科就诊的新发HIV-1感染者的HIV耐药位点及耐药药物情况.结果 167例HIV-1感染者中,耐药14例(8.38%),其中对核苷类反转录酶抑制剂(nucleosi...  相似文献   

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目的 了解2016—2020年四川省遂宁市经过抗病毒治疗后HIV-1感染者的抗病毒治疗效果和耐药情况,为评价治疗效果及进一步优化艾滋病治疗方案提供依据。方法 收集2016—2020年遂宁市5个区县艾滋病患者治疗及检测相关数据,采用趋势卡方检验方法分析患者病毒载量检测、治疗及耐药相关指标,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果 2016—2020年遂宁市HIV/AIDS的抗病毒治疗覆盖率、病毒载量检测率、病毒抑制率均呈上升趋势(χ2趋势=1 141.689,P<0.001)、(χ2趋势=1 537.452,P<0.001)、(χ2趋势=49.007,P<0.001);5年间全市耐药率分别为53.70%、37.50%、38.27%、44.33%和43.92%,差异无统计学意义(χ2趋势=3.968,P=0.412),耐药样本中,主要流行亚型是CRF01_AE、CRF07_BC,且针对奈韦...  相似文献   

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高效抗逆转录病毒联合疗法(Highly Active Anti-retroviral Therapy,HAART)的出现,明显降低了人免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)感染/获得性免疫缺陷综合征(acquired immune deficiency syndrome,AIDS)相关性疾病的发病率和病死率,提高了HIV感染者生存质量。但病毒耐药是HAART中的一个十分棘手的问题,  相似文献   

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目的 了解河南省柘城县AIDS患者抗病毒治疗后HIV-1耐药毒株流行情况及影响耐药的主要因素.方法 采用横断面调查,对柘城县自2003年7月开始国家免费抗病毒治疗以来到2009年3月接受抗病毒治疗的378例患者进行访谈和血样采集,使用实时荧光定量PCR法测定病毒载量,利用扩增-测序(In-House)法扩增HIV-1...  相似文献   

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目的分析四川省男男同性恋(MSM)人群中未经抗病毒治疗的人类免疫缺陷病毒I型(HIV-1)感染者的耐药突变的流行情况。方法采集成都、绵阳和达州3个地区MSM中未经治疗的HIV-1感染者血样,进行核酸提取、PCR及基因测序,对所得结果登录美国斯坦福大学HIV耐药数据库进行在线分析确定耐药突变情况。结果 77例样本中,11例存在蛋白酶抑制剂次要相关突变,4例存在核苷类逆转录酶抑制剂相关突变,5例存在非核苷类逆转录酶抑制剂相关突变,其中1例潜在耐药。结论四川省MSM中未经治疗的HIV-1感染者少数存在原发耐药相关基因变异,未发现新耐药毒株,原发耐药株仍处于较低流行状态,感染者在抗病毒治疗开始前应定期检测耐药基因突变情况以指导用药。  相似文献   

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For the activity values against HIV-1 RT wild-type and mutant strains (L100I, Y181C and Y188N) of 34 diarylpyrimidines (DAPYs) taken from literature, multiple linear regression analysis and the crossvalidation of Leave-One-Out method are carried out against the activity values with the hydrophobicity index logP, the modified steric parameter L(Y), the Muliken charge of nitrogen atom on the right wing N(C) and the indicator index I for the substituents R(3)' and R(1) on the left wing, and four good QSAR models are established: R=0.8211(N=34), R=0.8599 (N=33), R=0.8711(N=30) and R=0.9079 (N=29) for the cases of wild type, and mutant strain forms L100I, Y181C and Y188N, respectively. Additionally, the results indicate that logP plays a vital role in the prediction of the activity of DAPYs, and the cyano group on the left wing is important for inhibiting the mutant forms L100I and Y188N.  相似文献   

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A series of novel 6-naphthyloxy substituted DATA analogues bearing different substituents on the C-6 position of triazine ring were synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro anti-HIV activity in MT-4 cells. The results demonstrated that most of the compounds in this series are potent activity against HIV-1 with moderate to high selectivity. Among these analogues, two compounds exhibited excellent effect in inhibiting HIV-1 replication at nanomolar concentration (for compound 9h: IC(50)=9.3 nM, SI=15,385; for compound 9i: IC(50)=9.4 nM, SI=14,094), which are about 15-fold more active than nevirapine. In addition, several compounds are active against both HIV-1 and HIV-2, whose mechanism may be different from typical NNRTIs.  相似文献   

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Elicitation of a potent and broadly neutralizing antibody response is the main goal of an effective preventive HIV-1 vaccine. It has been shown by us and others that the expression of Env glycoproteins on the surface of particulate structures, such as Virus-Like Particles (VLPs), could be a more efficient strategy to deliver conformational epitopes to the immune system.To this aim, VLPs expressing native HIV Env gp140 or gp41 glycoproteins have been produced in insect cells using a baculovirus expression system and characterized for appropriate protein expression. VLP-bound HIV gp140 glycoprotein showed the appropriate expression and trimeric conformation. Immunogenicity studies have been performed in BALB/C mice by intra-peritoneal administration and sera from immunized mice have been tested in ELISA assays, for their reactivity with HIV specific antigens, as well as in ex vivo neutralization assay.Sera from immunized animals showed a high reactivity with individual HIV proteins expressed in VLPs. Results of TZM-bl based neutralization assay show that combined sera from animals independently immunized with gp140- or full-length-gp41-expressing VLPs have an additive/synergistic effect in the neutralization activity of HIV pseudoviruses.In conclusion, novel VLPs expressing different HIV Env glycoproteins with native trimeric conformation have been generated, showing the induction of effective antibody response with neutralization activity in TZM-bl neutralization assay. These results confirm the effectiveness of VLPs as presentation and delivery system for conformational proteins and show the improved neutralization activity upon the combination of anti-sera elicited by different HIV envelope antigens, suggesting the possibility of broadening the spectrum of viral epitopes targeted by immune response.  相似文献   

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