普罗托品对家兔血小板功能的影响

普罗托品(protopine,Pro)体外(1—1000μmol·L~(-1))和体内(10和20mg·kg~(-1))均抑制ADP,胶原,花生四烯酸(AA)和烙铁头蛇毒血小板聚集素(TMVA)诱导的兔血小板聚集及血小板5-HT释放。Pro不抑制AA诱导的免血小板TXA_2生成。也不升高血小板内cAMP水平,但升高cGMP水平。提示其抗血小板作用的机制与升高血小板内cGMP水平,抑制血小板释放活性物质有关。     

眼镜蛇毒因子对大鼠血小板的激活作用(英文)

目的:研究补体激活剂眼镜蛇毒因子(CVF)对大鼠血小板的作用及其细胞机制。方法:比浊法测富血小板血浆内血小板聚集并同步记录ATP释放;生色底物法测血小板表面凝血酶原酶活性;用钙离子荧光指示剂Fura-2 AM负载血小板测细胞内游离钙;放免法测细胞内cAMP含量。结果:CVF在19.5-617nmol·L~(-1)范围内浓度依赖性地诱导血小板聚集和ATP释放,195nmol·L~(-1)诱导的ATP释放不依赖于聚集,且明显弱于凝血酶1U/ml的作用。CVF195nmol·L~(-1)时间依赖性地增加血小板表面凝血酶原酶活性。抗血小板膜糖蛋白Ⅰb/Ⅸ、Ⅲa、Ⅱb的单克隆抗体SZ-1、SZ-21、SZ-22抑制CVF诱导的血小板聚集。CVF 195nmol·L~(-1)使血小板内游离钙从静息态的(141±46)nmol·L~(-1)升高到(240±64)nmol·L~(-1),在61.7-617nmol·L~(-1)范围内轻度降低血小板内的cAMP。结论:补体激活剂CVF能诱导大鼠血小板聚集、ATP释放,增加血小板表面凝血酶原酶活性,其激活血小板的作用与血小板表面纤维蛋白原受体及血小板内游离钙升高、cAMP下降有关。     

咪苯嗪酮对血小板聚集、血栓形成和血小板环磷酸腺苷含量的影响

本文观察了新型强心剂咪苯嗪酮(Cl-914)对血小板聚集、血栓形成和血小板cAMP含量的影响。用比浊法测定Cl-914体外抑制AA,ADP和胶原诱导兔血小板聚集的IC_(50),分别为2.6,8.9和15.8μM;大鼠iv Cl-914 1.25mg/kg能抑制实验性血栓形成,20 mg/kg能抑制上述三种诱导剂引起的血小板聚集。在体外,用竞争性蛋白结合法测定,CI-914可使洗涤兔血小板cAMP含量明显升高。CI-914能以剂量依赖方式协同PGE_1抑制血小板聚集和升高血小板cAMP的含量。提示CI-914升高血小板cAMP含量可能是其抑制血小板聚集和抗血栓形成的主要机理。     

丹七片对动物血小板聚集的抑制作用及其机制研究

目的研究丹七片对家兔和大鼠血小板聚集的影响,并探讨其作用机制。方法以阿魏酸钠为阳性对照,采用比浊法测定丹七片对凝血酶和胶原诱导的血小板聚集的影响,采用酶联免疫法测定丹七片对凝血酶作用下的血小板内环磷酸腺苷(cAMP)含量的影响。结果丹七片可明显抑制由凝血酶和胶原诱导的血小板聚集;丹七片可升高凝血酶作用下的血小板内cAMP含量。结论丹七片抑制由凝血酶和胶原诱导的血小板聚集的作用机制与升高血小板内cAMP的含量有关。     

Inhibitory effect and mechanism of Danqi tablets on animal platelet aggregation

目的 研究丹七片对家兔和大鼠血小板聚集的影响,并探讨其作用机制.方法 以阿魏酸钠为阳性对照,采用比浊法测定丹七片对凝血酶和胶原诱导的血小板聚集的影响,采用酶联免疫法测定丹七片对凝血酶作用下的血小板内环磷酸腺苷(cAMP)含量的影响.结果 丹七片可明显抑制由凝血酶和胶原诱导的血小板聚集;丹七片可升高凝血霉作用下的血小板内cAMP含量.结论 丹七片抑制由凝血酶和胶原诱导的血小板聚集的作用机制与升高血小板内cAMP的含量有关.     

三乙酰莽草酸对血小板聚集的抑制作用

目的：研究三乙酰莽草酸（TSA）对血小板聚集功能的抑制作用及其作用机理。方法：用比浊法测定血小板聚集功能,分光光度法测定MDA的含量,放免法测定TXB₂,6-酮-PGF_1α,cAMP和cGMP的含量。结果：TSA 12.5,25,50,100和200 mg.kg^-1 ig明显抑制ADP和胶原诱导的大鼠血小板聚集;TSA 12.5,50和200　mg.kg^-1 ig显著增加大鼠血小板内cAMP水平,但不影响cGMP水平。TSA 200 mg.kg^-1对AA诱导的血小板中MDA的生成,ADP诱导的血小板中TXB2和腹主动脉壁6-酮-PGF_1α的生成有轻度抑制作用。结论：TSA抑制血小板聚集作用部分与血小板内cAMP水平升高有关。     

红花黄酮成分抑制血小板激活因子介导的血小板活化作用

目的　观察红花黄酮成分杨梅素(Myr)和山奈酚(Kae)对血小板激活因子(PAF)诱导的兔洗涤血小板聚集、5 HT释放及血小板内游离钙离子浓度升高的影响。方法　以比浊法测定家兔洗涤血小板(WRP)聚集,邻苯二甲醛(OPT)荧光法测定5-HT浓度,Fura-2荧光探针测定血小板内游离钙离子浓度。结果　Myr和Kae体外呈浓度依赖性地抑制PAF诱发的WRP聚集及5-HT释放。Myr抑制WRP聚集的IC₅₀ 为17.5 μmol·L^-1 ;抑制5-HT释放的IC₅₀ 为64.1μmol·L^-1 。Kae抑制聚集、释放作用的IC₅₀ 分别为73.7μmol·L^-1 和128μmol·L^-1 ;同时Myr和Kae均能明显抑制PAF引起的血小板内游离钙增高。结论　Myr和Kae可抑制PAF诱导的血小板活化作用     

槲皮素对血小板聚集和胞浆游离钙的影响(英文)

目的:研究槲皮素对凝血酶诱导的血小板聚集和胞浆游离钙浓度的影响及钙对槲皮素的血小板聚集抑制效应的作用。方法:用荧光钙离子指示剂观察槲皮素对血小板胞浆游离钙的影响.结果:槲皮素明显抑制凝血酶诱导的血小板聚集和游离钙的升高.IC_(50)和95％可信区间分别为146.2(92.4～231.3)和78.5(49.5—124.4)μmol·L~(-1).槲皮素对血小板的抑制作用可被钙翻转.槲皮素对凝血酶诱导的钙释放无影响.结论:抑制钙内流是槲皮素抑制血小板聚集和[Ca~(2 )]_i升高的机制.     

山豆根碱对血小板内TXA_2和cAMP水平的影响

山豆根硷对花生四稀酸诱发的小鼠突然死亡具有明显保护作用,抑制花生四烯酸诱导的血小板聚集和血小板内TXA_2产生,但不影响血小板内基础cAMP水平。已知抑制TXA_2产生或升高cAMP水平的药物都可抑制血小板聚集,说明山豆根硷抗血小板聚集的作用机理与抑制花生四烯酸代谢、减少TXA_2产生有关,而与cAMP无关。     

异钩藤碱对血小板聚集与血栓形成的抑制作用

目的研究异钩藤碱(isorhynchophylline,Isorhy)对血小板聚集与血栓形成的影响,并探讨其机制。方法以比浊法测定Isorhy体外给药对大鼠血小板聚集的影响;采用动-静脉旁路血栓形成法制作大鼠血栓模型,观察Isorhy对血栓形成的作用;以放免法测定Isorhy对ADP作用下cAMP含量的影响。结果Isorhy0.65mmol.L-1和1.30mmol.L-1对ADP(1.5×10-5mol.L-1)和凝血酶(thrombin,Thr,3U.ml-1)诱导的大鼠血小板聚集均有抑制作用(P<0.01)。静脉注射Isorhy10mg.kg-1和5mg.kg-1可明显降低大鼠血栓形成湿重(P<0.01)。Isorhy0.33~1.30mmol.L-1可升高ADP作用后的血小板cAMP浓度(P<0.01)。结论Isorhy明显抑制血小板聚集与大鼠血栓形成,其抗ADP所致血小板聚集的作用机制至少部分地与升高cAMP水平有关。     

香草酸抗血小板聚集作用的体内外研究

目的香草酸是一种酚酸类化合物,具有抗氧化、抗炎等药理作用,其抗血栓作用尚未有报道。本实验室前期通过筛选发现香草酸具有良好的抗血小板聚集作用,因此本研究通过体内外实验对香草酸抗血小板聚集的作用进行系统评价。方法采用花生四烯酸(arachidonic acid,AA)、二磷酸腺苷(adenosine diphosphate,ADP)、凝血酶(thrombin,THR)诱导体内外血小板聚集模型,结合凝血四项检测评价香草酸抗血小板聚集及抗血栓的作用。结果体外实验中,香草酸对ADP和AA诱导的血小板聚集具有显著抑制作用,并剂量依赖性抑制ADP诱导的血小板聚集;体内试验中,香草酸(10、30和100 mg/kg)能够剂量依赖性抑制ADP和AA诱导的血小板聚集;同时,香草酸(100 mg/kg)能显著降低纤维蛋白原、增加凝血酶原时间,对活化部分凝血活酶时间和血浆凝血酶时间无明显影响。结论本研究首次发现香草酸对ADP和AA诱导的血小板聚集具有抑制作用,为研发具有自主知识产权的抗血小板聚集药物提供了实验依据。     

蝙蝠葛碱对血小板聚集及花生四烯酸代谢的影响

蝙蝠葛碱(Dau) 抑制AA及ADP诱导的大鼠血小板聚集,也能抑制AA,ADP及Adr诱导的人血小板聚集。这种抑制作用与Dau剂量呈依赖关系。Dau抑制大鼠洗涤血小板对[1-¹⁴C]AA经环氧酶途径的代谢,TXB₂与HHT的形成均呈剂量依赖性减少。当Dau浓度达到0.1 mmol/L时亦能抑制12-HETE的形成。Dau对AA代谢的上述影响可能是其抑制血小板聚集的机理之一。     

奥昔麻黄碱对凝血酶诱导家兔血小板聚集和丙二醛生成的影响

Oxy明显地抑制凝血酶诱导洗涤的兔血小板聚集,IC_(50)为254μmol/L,对MDA的生成也有抑制作用。ASA不能对抗凝血酶引起的血小板聚集,但能显著抑制MDA的生成。提示,Oxy抑制血小板聚集的作用可能与影响PAF生成有关,对MDA生成的抑制可能影响了AA的游离。     

Platelet aggregation and anti-inflammatory effects of garden pea, Desi chickpea and Kabuli chickpea

Inflammation is the natural body defense mechanism for the removal of injurious agents, necrosed cells and tissues from the body. This study was aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and platelet aggregation effects of three medicinal plants of Pakistan. Methanolic extract of garden pea inhibited arachidonic acid (AA)-induced platelet aggregation (IC50 = 35 microg/mL) and platelet activating factor (PAF)-induced platelet aggregation (IC50 = 38 microg/mL) in a dose dependent fashion. Methanolic extract of Desi chickpea inhibited arachidonic acid (AA) induced platelet aggregation (IC50 value = AA = 46 microg/mL) in dose dependent fashion while was found not active against PAF-induced platelet aggregation. Methanolic extract of Kabuli chickpea was found not active against both arachidonic acid (AA)-induced platelet aggregation and PAF-induced platelet aggregation. The best potential to inhibit in vitro COX-2 activity showed garden pea (Pisum sativum: the synthesis of PGE2 reduced by 92% in comparison with untreated control wells) followed by Desi chickpea (Cicer arietinum var; 87% inhibition) and Kabuli chickpea extracts (Cicer arietinum var: 65% inhibition). All extracts were tested at concentration 20 microg/mL. in COX-2 assay. The results indicate that if the same were happening in vito, Garden pea, Desi chickpea and Kabuli chickpea could be useful as natural antithrombotic anti-inflammatory materials.     

Studies on the inhibitory effect of etafenone hydrochloride on platelet aggregation

The inhibitory effect of etafenone hydrochloride (etafenone) on platelet aggregation in rabbit platelet rich plasma and the involvement of the arachidonic acid (AA) cascade in the inhibitory mechanism for etafenone on platelet aggregation were studied. 1) Etafenone exhibited a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on collagen (15--20 micrograms/ml)-induced platelet aggregation, and its median inhibitory concentration (IC50) was 1.7 X 10(-5)M. 2) In ADP (20 microM)-induced aggregation, etafenone also exhibited a dose-dependent inhibitory effect, but its IC50 was 2.7 X 10(-4)M and was significantly higher than that in the case of collagen. 3) Etafenone inhibited AA (0.3--0.5mM)-induced platelet aggregation dose-dependently. Its IC50 was 2.8 X 10(-5)M. 4) In thromboxane (TX) A2-induced aggregation, etafenone exhibited a dose-dependent inhibition, and the IC50 was 3.2 X 10(-4)M. 5) Trapidil which was reported to inhibit platelet aggregation via phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibition had a similar IC50 on ADP- and TXA2-induced platelet aggregation to that of etafenone, but in collagen- and AA-induced aggregation, its IC50 was higher than that of etafenone. 6) Etafenone (3 X 10(-6)--3 X 10(-4)M) dose-dependently inhibited the production of TXB2 in PRP induced by collagen. 7) Etafenone scarcely affected TXA2 synthetase activity in rabbit platelet homogenate. 8) The correlation between the inhibitory effect of etafenone on platelet aggregation and inhibition of AA metabolism activation and PDE inhibition was discussed.     

烙铁头蛇毒血小板聚集素对血小板聚集和抑制剂关系的研究

研究山莨菪碱(654-2)、阿斯匹林(ASA)、前列环素(PGI_2)样物质对二磷酸腺苷(ADP)、花生四烯酸(AA)以及烙铁头蛇毒血小板聚集素(TMVA)诱导的阻抗法全血血小板聚集(简称全血聚集)的影响。结果表明:ADP.AA.TMVA诱导的全血聚集随剂量增加而增强.阻抗技术对于估价生理条件下的血小板功能较为敏感。654-2促进ADP诱导的全血聚集.而ASA和PGI_2样物质对ADP和AA诱导的聚集均有抑制作用.但不能防止TMVA诱导的聚集。提示TMVA可能通过第3途径(类似于血小板活化因子.PAF)诱导血小板聚集.经ADP和AA作用过的血小板对TMVA的活化仍有反应,其机理值得研究。     

甲基莲心碱对兔血小板聚集功能的影响

用比浊法和放射免疫分析技术研究甲基莲心碱(Nef)抗血小板聚集作用及其对TXA₂/PGI₂与cAMP/cGMP浓度的影响。结果显示,Nef在体外明显抑制ADP,胶原,AA及PAF诱导的家兔血小板聚集,IC₅₀分别为16,22,193及103μmol·L^-1;Nef明显抑制AA诱导的血小板TXA₂的生成和释放,对动脉环PGI₂的生成有促进作用;Nef剂量依赖性地升高血小板cAMP浓度,对cGMP无明显影响。结果提示Nef抗血小板聚集作用的机理与抑制TXA₂生成,增加血管PGI₂及血小板cAMP含量有关。     

人参皂甙对血小板聚集性、cAMP和cGMP含量的影响

本文报告了人参皂甙对家兔血小板聚集性,cAMP和cGMP含量的影响。结果表明,人参皂甙在体内外均抑制由花生四烯酸、ADP和凝血酶诱导的血小板聚集。同时,人参皂甙明显升高血小板中cAMP含量,但是不影响血小板中cGMP含量。提示人参皂甙对血小板聚集的抑制作用与其升高血小板中cAMP含量有关。     

Effects of cryptolepine on collagen-induced aggregation and on the mobilization and metabolism of arachidonic acid by rabbit platelets

1. We examined the effect of cryptolepine on collagen-induced aggregation and on the mobilization, and metabolism of arachidonic acid in rabbit platelets.2. Preincubation of platelets with cryptolepine (50–100 μM) did not affect the primary wave of aggregation but resulted in a dose-dependent, surmountable inhibition of the secondary wave of aggregation induced by collagen (5 μg/ml). The inhibition by cryptolepine was greater when cryptolepine was incubated with the platelets after the peak of the primary wave of aggregation.3. Cryptolepine (50–100 μM) dose-dependently inhibited thrombin (1.5 U/ml) and A23187 (2.5 μM)-induced release of ¹⁴C[AA] from platelet membrane phospholipid pools. The percentage inhibition of A23187-induced ¹⁴C[AA] release was 31.3 ± 4.3% (50 μM) and 79.3 ± 5.4% (100 μM), while thrombin-induced release was inhibited by 39.2 ± 2.4% (50 μM) and 68.2 ± 3.6% (100 μM).4. At near maximal concentration (100 μM) which significantly inhibited secondary aggregatory response and ¹⁴C[AA] release, cryptolepine had no effect on the platelet metabolism of ¹⁴C[AA] to thromboxane B₂, HHT and 12 HETE.5. The present findings suggest that cryptolepine inhibited collagen-induced secondary aggregation through a selective antiphospholipase-like activity. There was not effect on platelet cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase activities of platelets.     

2-萘-3-(3,4-二甲氧基)苯丙烯酸抗血小板聚集作用及其机理

研究发现,NMPA在体外可抑制花生四烯酸、胶原及凝血酶诱导的家兔血小板聚集,IC_(50)分别为189±9,105±11.0,49.8±16.6μM。小鼠ig NMPA(25mg/kg)后,以ADP诱导的血小板聚集明显受到抑制。大鼠ig NMPA后(52mg/kg一次或10mg/(kg·d)连续7d,出血时间延长、胶原诱导的血小板聚集率下降、丙二醛生成减少、但对动脉壁PGI_2样物质影响较小。说明MNPA的作用机理可能在于改变体内TXA_2/PGI_2比值,而达到抑制血小板聚集的效应。