格列齐特致畸作用观察

１．目的 观察国产格列齐特的致畸作用。２．方法 对受孕后第６天Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠分另以８５．１７０，６８０ｍｇ／ｋｇ体质量的国产格列齐特容积为５ｍＬ／ｋｇ体质量）灌胃给药，每天１次，连用１０ｄ，同步设立生理盐水组和敌枯双（５ｍｇ／ｋｇ体质量）对照组，于妊娠第２０天剖腹，取出胎鼠，观察并记录各组活胎数、死胎数以及活胎鼠生长发育等情况。３．结果 格列剂特各剂量组胚胎数损失率，活胎生长、发育等指标与生理盐     

蜂花粉对孕鼠营养状况和胚胎发育的影响

为观察油菜蜂花粉对孕鼠孕期营养状况和胚胎发育的影响，作者将孕。天ＳＤ孕鼠随机分为３组（ｎ＝１１），其中两个实验组于孕０～１９天每天伴饲蜂花粉，剂量分别为２０ｇ／ｋｇ，１０ｇ／ｋｇ．结果实验组孕鼠体重增长，血红蛋白，血清铁，血清总蛋白和白蛋白等指标均显著高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１．Ｐ＜０．０５），实验组胎鼠体重也显著高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１），死胎及吸收胎率低于对照组（Ｐ＜０．００５）。各组胎鼠外观，内脏及骨骼检查均未见畸形。提示蜂花粉能改善孕期营养，无致畸作用，是一种良好的孕期营养食品。     

“801”生物活性饲料添加剂致畸敏感期毒性研究

“８０１”生物活性饲料添加剂（简称“８０１”）大鼠致畸敏感期毒性试验显示，大鼠服用“８０１”１２２．５６ｍｇ／ｋｇ剂量，对孕鼠无明显毒副反应，而服用４９０．２４ｍｇ／ｋｇ和２４５．１２ｍｇ／ｋｇ剂量时，对孕鼠有明显的毒副反应。“８０１”各剂量组对生存的胎仔无明显的胚胎毒性和致畸性，胚胎吸收率分别为１２．５％、５．６％和１１．１％，与阴性对照组（２２．２％）比较均无显著性差异（Ｐ〉０．０５），而阳性     

萘普生β—环糊精包合物的镇痛抗炎作用

目的：研究萘普生β－环糊精（Ｎａｐ·βＣＤ）包合物的抗炎镇痛效果。方法：取大鼠或小鼠随机分成对照组和实验组,采用足跖肿胀法、扭体反应法和电刺激痛阈值法测定。结果：Ｎａｐ与Ｎａｐ·β－ＣＤ包合物测定值ｔ检验,给药后３０ｍｉｎ小鼠扭体值：２５．０ｍｇ／ｋｇ组Ｐ＜００５,１２．５ｍｇ／ｋｇ组Ｐ＜００５;大鼠痛阈值（给药１５ｈ）：２５．０ｍｇ／ｋｇ组Ｐ＜００５,１２．５ｍｇ／ｋｇ组Ｐ＞００５;大鼠足跖肿胀率（给药１ｈ）：Ｐ＜００１．结论：Ｎａｐ·β－ＣＤ包合物的抗炎镇痛作用优于Ｎａｐ单体。     

升白素的生殖毒性研究

目的：观察升白素（Ｄ－高炔雌醇－３乙酸酯）的生殖毒性。方法：用电子天平、游标计量尺和病理组织学方法观察小鼠和大鼠的生殖毒性。结果：一般生殖毒性结果表明０．２５～０．５ｍｇ／ｋｇ使雄性小鼠体重增长缓慢（Ｐ＜０．０１），但受孕率、胎鼠数和胎鼠体重等均无改变。致畸试验结果指出升白素０．５～１．０μｇ／ｋｇ对小鼠体重、生育能力和胎鼠生长发育均无影响，也无外观、骨骼和内脏畸形出现，围产期毒性试验结果表明升白素２．０μｇ／ｋｇ使Ｆ１代仔鼠体重增长明显减慢（Ｐ＜０．０５），但对Ｆ１代仔鼠的一般体征、中枢神经系统发育及生殖机能均无影响。结论：升白素在本试验条件下未产生一般生殖毒性、致畸性和围产期毒性。     

纳洛酮治疗流行性乙型脑炎的临床观察

目的　探讨纳洛酮对流行性乙型脑炎的疗效。方法　纳洛酮每次０ ．０１ ｍｇ／ｋｇ ,用注射用水３ ～５ ｍｌ 稀释后静脉推注,每６ ｈ 一次,直至神志转清,个别极重者剂量可加倍（ 即每次０ ．０２ ｍｇ／ｋｇ） 。结果：治疗组３８ 例治愈３０ 例（７８ ．９ ％ ） ,对照组３５例治愈２０ 例（５７ ．１ ％ ） ,两组治愈率相比,有显著性差异（χ２ ＝ ４ ．０１ , Ｐ＜ ０ ．０５） ,虽然两组总有效率无显著差异（χ２ ＝ ０ ．７５ , Ｐ＞０ ．０５） ,但治疗组在控制抽搐、降温、催醒等方面优于对照组。     

东莨菪碱治疗吗啡成瘾大鼠的量－效关系

用经典方法建立大鼠吗啡急性成瘾模型，用不同剂量东莨菪碱治疗。结果提示：（１）东莨菪碱能明显缓解吗啡成瘾大鼠用纳洛酮激发的戒断症状，０．２５ｍｇ／ｋｇ东莨菪碱治疗组与生理盐水对照组比较，二者有极显著的差异（Ｐ＜０．００１）。在０．２５ｍｇ／ｋｇ～１．５０ｍｇ／ｋｇ剂量范围内，抑制百分率一剂量呈线性关系，回归方程ｙ＝２．９９ｘ－１．０６（ｒ＝０．９９），ＥＤ（５０）＝０．５２ｍｇ／ｋｇ。（２）东莨菪碱能明显缓解吗啡成瘾大鼠停用吗啡后出现的戒断症状，０．１２５ｍｇ／ｋｇ东莨菪碱治疗组与吗啡自身脱瘾组比较，两者有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０５）。在０．１２５ｍｇ／ｋｇ－１．００ｍｇ／ｋｇ剂量范围内，其作用与东莨菪碱剂量呈正相关。     

双氯酚酸钠米索前列醇片的抗炎作用研究

双氯酚酸钠米索前列醇片（ＤＳＭＴ）（２０,１０ｍｇ／ｋｇ）连续２ｄ灌胃给药可显著地抑制二甲苯所致鼠耳肿胀（Ｐ〈０．０１,Ｐ〈０．０５）;ＤＳＭＴ（１５,７．５ｍｇ／ｋｇ）灌胃给药均可非常显著抑制角叉菜胶至炎后３ｈ内大鼠足肿胀;ＤＳＭＴ高、低剂量组（１５,７．５ｍｇ／ｋｇ）灌胃给药７ｄdisplay structure     

分次小剂量鱼精蛋白拮抗肝素的临床运用

目的：观察使用分次小剂量鱼精蛋白拮抗体外循环后体内残存肝素的可行性。方法：选择ＡＳＡⅡ～Ⅲ级瓣膜替换手术患者４０例，随机分为鱼精蛋白大剂量组（Ａ，ｎ＝２０）和小剂量组（Ｂ，ｎ＝２０）。大剂量组鱼精蛋白总量为４．５ｍｇ／ｋｇ，分为首剂（４ｍｇ／ｋｇ）和追加量（０．５ｍｇ／ｋｇ），间隔３０ｍｉｎ，均以中心静脉推注；Ｂ组鱼精蛋白总量为２．５ｍｇ／ｋｇ，分为２ｍｇ／ｋｇ和０．５ｍｇ／ｋｇ两次给入，方法同Ａ组。观察全血激活凝固时间（ＡＣＴ）和术后２４ｈ渗血量。结果：（１）给药后１５ｍｉｎＢ组ＡＣＴ短于Ａ组（Ｐ＜０．０１）；（２）给药后３０ｍｉｎ两组ＡＣＴ均有不同程度延长，但差异无显著性（Ｐ＞０．０５）；给药后４５ｍｉｎ（追加量后１５ｍｉｎ）Ｂ组ＡＣＴ明显短于Ａ组（Ｐ＜０．０１）；（３）Ｂ组术后２４ｈ渗血量明显少于Ａ组（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论：使用小剂量分次鱼精蛋白法拮抗体外循环后体内残存肝素，效果确切，具有减少鱼精蛋白用量和术后出血量的作用。     

联合应用前列腺素E_1和异搏定保存离体肺

本文介绍了ＰＧＥ１和异搏定联合应用保存离体肺的实验研究，实验分三组：Ⅰ组为对照组（ｎ＝８）；Ⅱ组（ｎ＝８），灌洗前注射ＰＧＥ１，５μｇ／ｋｇ；Ⅲ组（ｎ＝８），灌洗前联合应用ＰＧＥ１，５μｇ／ｋｇ和异搏定０．１ｍｇ／ｋｇ。离体肺在灌洗后置于１０℃下保存６ｈ，然后测定肺气道压（ＰＡＰ）、左房血血气分析和肺血管总阻力（ＰＶＲ）和形态学观察。结果显示：三组间形态学检查无明显差别。左房血氧再灌注１０ｍｉｎ和１５ｍｉｎ时Ⅲ组明显高于Ⅰ组（Ｐ＜０．０５），３０ｍｉｎ时明显高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ组；ＰＶＲⅢ组极显著地低于Ⅰ、Ⅱ组（Ｐ＜０．０１）；ＰＡＰ在再灌注３０ｍｉｎ后Ⅲ组显著低于Ⅰ、Ⅱ组（Ｐ＜０．０５）。表明ＰＧＥ１和异搏定联合应用可改善１０℃保存６ｈ离体肺再灌注后的肺功能     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.