Comparison of six colour vision tests for occupational screening

Summary Screening of red-green colour vision defects was done for 52 school children (22 boys and 30 girls) and 231 trade school students (226 boys and 5 girls) with three different kinds of pseudo-isochromatic plates: Ishihara (1983), Boström-Kugelberg (1972), and Standard Pseudoisochromatic Plates part 1 (SPP1) 1978, and with three different kinds of vision screeners: Keystone View Model DVS 2, Bausch and Lomb Vision Tester, and Rodenstock Farbentestscheibe 3040.173. After these tests, each subject was examined with the Nagel Anomaloscope; this revealed 26 red-green defectives in the study group. Ishihara found 20/26 (76.9%), Boström-Kugelberg 24/26 (92.3%), and SPP1 17/26 (65.4%) of the defectives. None of the normals were diagnosed as defectives with Ishihara or SPP1. With Boström-Kugelberg four normals were diagnosed as defectives. Keystone found 24/26 (92.3%), Bausch and Lomb 26/26 (100%), and Rodenstock 25/26 (96.2%) of the defectives. But 9, 21, and 112 normals, respectively, were diagnosed as defective. In the present study, the Boström-Kugelberg and Ishihara plates as well as Keystone Vision Screener and Bausch and Lomb Vision tester came close to an effective screening test and could be recommended for screening red-green colour vision defects in occupational health care.     

西藏不同海拔地区儿童先天性心脏病患病率的横断面研究

  目的  了解中国五省中小学生社区筛查先天性心脏病（先心病）患病率与海拔及民族关系,为社区筛查及防控提供参考依据。  方法  于2017年4月 — 2019年12月采用整群抽样方法在云南、西藏、河北、山西、贵州五省16个市、6个州抽取5443所中小学共1952919名6～16岁中小学生进行先心病社区筛查,分析先心病患病率与不同海拔和民族的关系。  结果  中国五省筛查的1952919名中小学生中,确诊先心病者2874例,先心病患病率为1.47 ‰;云南、西藏、河北、山西和贵州省中小学生先心病患病率分别为1.49 ‰、7.64 ‰、0.77 ‰、0.69 ‰ 和1.02 ‰,差异有统计学意义（χ² = 160.981,P < 0.001）;海拔 < 1000 、1000～1499 、1500～1999 和 ≥ 2000 m中小学生先心病患病率分别为0.69 ‰、1.57 ‰、1.45 ‰ 和1.37 ‰,差异有统计学意义（χ² = 26.081,P < 0.001）;海拔1000～1499 m中景颇族/傣族、哈尼族/彝族和汉族中小学生先心病患病率分别为2.06 ‰、1.93 ‰ 和1.34 ‰,海拔1500～1999 m中壮族/苗族、彝族、白族和汉族中小学生先心病患病率分别为0.62 ‰、1.45 ‰、1.00 ‰ 和1.68 ‰,海拔 ≥ 2000 m中傈僳族、藏族和侗族中小学生先心病患病率分别为0.69 ‰、1.54 ‰ 和1.87 ‰,各海拔中不同民族中小学生先心病患病率差异均有统计学意义（均P < 0.05）。  结论  中国不同地区不同海拔中小学生先心病患病率不同,相同海拔不同民族中小学生先心病患病率亦不同。