The effect of music video exposure on students' perceived clinical applications of popular music in the field of music therapy: a pilot study

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of video exposure on music therapy students' perceptions of clinical applications of popular music in the field of music therapy. Fifty-one participants were randomly divided into two groups and exposed to a popular song in either audio-only or music video format. Participants were asked to indicate clinical applications; specifically, participants chose: (a) possible population(s), (b) most appropriate population(s), (c) possible age range(s), (d) most appropriate age ranges, (e) possible goal area(s) and (f) most appropriate goal area. Data for each of these categories were compiled and analyzed, with no significant differences found in the choices made by the audio-only and video groups. Three items, (a) selection of the bereavement population, (b) selection of bereavement as the most appropriate population and (c) selection of the age ranges of pre teen/mature adult, were additionally selected for further analysis due to their relationship to the video content. Analysis results revealed a significant difference between the video and audio-only groups for the selection of these specific items, with the video group's selections more closely aligned to the video content. Results of this pilot study suggest that music video exposure to popular music can impact how students choose to implement popular songs in the field of music therapy.     

Experiences and perceptions of music therapy in critical illness

AIM: To gain insight into patients' and nurses' perception of the benefits of music therapy during critical illness. METHOD: The patients received music therapy on two prescribed occasions for 30 minutes each day. Unstructured interviews were conducted with five patients and four nurses and analysed according to Burnard's framework (1991). RESULTS: Patients can and do recall listening to music, even when they have been sedated and ventilated. They related to the music that they were listening to and some experienced imagery concerning the music. The nurses found it useful as an aid to wean patients off the ventilator, helping to keep them calm and focused. CONCLUSION: The study concluded that music is useful not only for relaxing patients but also in some cases 'relocating' them from the critical care area to the place where they would normally be listening to the music.     

Undergraduate nursing students' attitudes towards incarcerated persons and their perceptions of clinical experiences

BackgroundIn 2019, an estimated 6.3 million persons were under the supervision of the United States adult correctional systems and one in 40 adult persons were under correctional supervision. At year-end of 2019, nearly seven in ten persons under correctional supervision were supervised in the community. A nurse's attitudes and beliefs about incarcerated persons may influence their behavior.PurposeThe purpose of this study was to examine nursing student's attitudes towards incarcerated persons and their perceptions of a clinical experience at a correctional facility.MethodsData from 137 nursing students were collected through a cross-sectional, electronic survey. The Attitude Towards Prisoners Scale (Melvin et al., 1985) was used. A post hoc analysis of perceptions of their clinical experience at a correctional facility was explored.ResultsThe mean scores of 93 and 94 (potential range of scores 0 to 144) suggest positive attitudes towards incarcerated persons exist, yet few nursing students report an interest in correctional nursing as a career. Although few (n = 5) students had a correctional nursing clinical experience, most perceived it as an effective clinical learning setting.ConclusionWith high rates of incarceration, the researchers recommend that baccalaureate nursing programs include educational teaching strategies that focus on incarceration, incarceration stigma, and explore clinical learning experiences.     

Freshmen baccalaureate nursing students' perceptions of their academic and nonacademic experiences: implications for retention.

As a component of the evaluation for a program designed to enhance recruitment and retention of disadvantaged nursing students, qualitative interviews were conducted, with a sample of 20 baccalaureate nursing students at the end of their freshman year. Students were asked to describe positive aspects of their academic and nonacademic experiences as well as problems that were experienced, with recommendations for resolving these problems. Positive aspects of the freshman experience that were identified included academic, social, familial, and financial support. Problems cited were related to two categories of factors, external and internal. Problems related to external factors included excessive academic loads, course-specific problems such as with the sciences, large class size, faculty inattentiveness, racial tensions, dorm/roommate problems, and parking or commuting time. Problems related to internal factors included poor study habits, loneliness, homesickness, family conflicts, and difficulties with peer relationships. The findings can be used by nursing faculty to determine the extent to which programs address students' perceived needs and to identify innovative retention strategies that would enhance students' perceptions of their college experience.     

音乐治疗对癌症病人生活质量的影响

目的探讨音乐治疗对癌症病人生活质量的影响。方法将280例住院癌症病人随机分为2组,对照组135例采用常规的护理,实验组145例在采用常规的护理基础上运用音乐治疗,治疗后2组采用生活问卷（QLQ-C30）和卡氏功能量表（KPS）测查。结果实验组QLQ-C30各指标和KPS得分均优于对照组。结论运用音乐治疗,能有效的减轻疼痛、抑郁、疲劳、恶心呕吐以及精神压力等症状,从而提高其生活质量。     

音乐治疗对癌症病人生活质量的影响

目的探讨音乐治疗对癌症病人生活质量的影响。方法将280例住院癌症病人随机分为2组,对照组135例采用常规的护理,实验组145例在采用常规的护理基础上运用音乐治疗,治疗后2组采用生活问卷（QLQ-C30）和卡氏功能量表（KPS）测查。结果实验组QLQ-C30各指标和KPS得分均优于对照组。结论运用音乐治疗,能有效的减轻疼痛、抑郁、疲劳、恶心呕吐以及精神压力等症状,从而提高其生活质量。     

音乐疗法合并行为矫正治疗精神分裂症77例

BACKGROUND: Music plays strong influence on humanpsyche and physiology. It can ameliorate people' s emotion and cog-nition level and change people' s volitional behavior. Behavioralcorrection changes cognitive process and ideas and corrects badmotion and behavior through positive reinforcement, negative rein-forcement, positive punishment and negative punishment.     

Adolescents’ perceptions of music therapy following spinal fusion surgery

Aims and objectives. To explore adolescents’ memories about music therapy after spinal fusion surgery and their recommendations for future patients. Background. Spinal fusion for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is one of the most painful surgeries performed. Music therapy is shown to decrease postoperative pain in children after minor surgery. In preparation for developing a preoperative information program, we interviewed adolescents who had spinal fusion and postoperative music therapy to find out what they remembered and what they recommended for future patients. Methods. Eight adolescents who had spinal fusion for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis were interviewed about their experiences. For this qualitative study, the investigators independently used thematic analysis techniques to formulate interpretive themes. Together they discussed their ideas and assigned overall meanings to the information. Results. The eight participants were 13–17 years of age and had surgery between 2–24 months previously. The overarching themes identified from the interviews were relaxation and pain perception, choice and control, therapist interaction and preoperative information. Participants stated that music therapy helped with mental relaxation and distraction from pain. It was important to be able to choose the type of music for the therapy and to use self‐control to focus on the positive. Their recommendation was that future patients should be provided with information preoperatively about music therapy and pain management. Participants recommended a combination of auditory and visual information, especially the experiences of previous patients who had spinal fusion and music therapy. Conclusion. Music provided live at the bedside by a music therapist was remembered vividly and positively by most of the participants. Relevance to clinical practice. The presence of a music therapist providing patient‐selected music at the bedside is important. Methods to introduce adolescents to music therapy and how to use music for relaxation should be developed and tested.     

The effect of an interactive experience on music majors' perceptions of music for deaf students

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of an interactive experience on music majors' perceptions of music experiences for deaf students. Twenty-three members of a pre-existing college brass ensemble served as subjects, and a 1-hour interactive concert/presentation for 10 deaf elementary children served as the independent variable. The interactive experience was designed to provide social, musical, and educational interactions between the college musicians and the deaf children. A pretest-posttest design was utilized, and the dependent variable was a questionnaire designed to examine the subjects' perceptions regarding music for deaf students, including how prepared, comfortable, and willing they felt to provide music experiences for deaf students. Results reveal that this single interactive experience had a significant effect on the subjects' perceptions of the value of music in the education of deaf children (p <.05). Although the pretest and posttest scores indicate that the subjects felt apprehensive about their preparedness to work with deaf students, the subjects felt significantly more positive about their preparedness following the interaction (p <.001). An analysis of open comments indicates that the subjects perceived the experience as (a) very positive, (b) increasing their knowledge and perception of music for deaf students, (c) helping them better relate to the deaf population, (d) promoting interest in similar experiences and in gaining more information, and (e) eliciting a feeling that future teachers should have similar experiences. Quotes from the subjects are given, and implications for teacher training/music therapy programs are discussed.     

音乐疗法对缓解产妇分娩过程中疼痛的效果观察

目的探讨音乐疗法对缓解产妇分娩过程中疼痛的效果。方法选取2008年10月-2009年3月在本院产科行围产期保健分娩的孕产妇140例,随机将其分为实验组和对照组各70例。对照组产妇给予常规围产保健及产程护理,实验组产妇在对照组的基础上于预产期前8w开始实施音乐疗法,直至产程结束,比较两组产妇潜伏期、活跃期、第2产程、第3产程疼痛程度。结果在潜伏期、活跃期及第2产程,实验组产妇疼痛程度较对照组明显减轻（均P〈0.01）。结论音乐疗法可明显缓解产妇分娩过程中的疼痛程度。     

音乐疗法在留置胃管时的作用

[目的]研究音乐疗法在留置胃管时的作用.[方法]采用随机抽样法将神经内科住院的160例清醒且不能经口进食的病人分为实验组84例,对照组76例.实验组病人进行音乐疗法,对照组病人不给予音乐疗法,观察留置胃管时两组病人的不适反应及血压、心率、呼吸情况.[结果]实验组病人不适反应明显减轻,血压、心率、呼吸趋于平稳,与对照照比较差异有统计学意义.[结论]音乐疗法具有明显缓解留置胃管所引起的不适感.     

Pre-registration nursing students' perceptions and experiences of violence in a nursing education institution in South Africa

Violence is a growing problem worldwide in the field of health care and within the nursing profession. A study comprising a survey and focus groups with nursing students, and interviews with nurse educators was conducted to examine nursing students' perceptions and experiences of violence at a nursing education institution in the Western Cape, South Africa. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to all nursing students. Two hundred and twenty three (n = 223) respondents completed the questionnaire. Focus groups were conducted with purposively sampled student participants and semi-structured interviews with nurse educators. The findings indicated that the nature of the violent incidents experienced by students on campus, especially in the residences, ranged from verbal abuse to violation of students' property and personal space, and could be attributed primarily to substance abuse. Violence among student nurses could negatively affect learning. In a profession in which nurses are exposed to violence in the workplace, it is important that violence in the learning environment is actively prevented and respect of individual rights, tolerance and co-operation are promoted.     

A pilot study: the effects of music therapy interventions on middle school students' ESL skills

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of music therapy techniques on the story retelling and speaking skills of English as a Second Language (ESL) middle school students. Thirty-four middle school students of Hispanic heritage, ages 10-12, in high and low-functioning groups participated in the study for 12 weeks. Pretest to posttest data yielded significant differences on the story retelling skills between the experimental and control groups. Chi Square comparisons on English speaking skills also yielded significant results over 3 months of music therapy intervention. A variety of music therapy techniques were used including music and movement, active music listening, group chanting and singing, musical games, rhythmic training, music and sign language, and lyric analysis and rewrite activities as supplemental activities to the ESL goals and objectives. Comparisons of individual subjects' scores indicated that all of the students in the experimental groups scored higher than the control groups on story retelling skills (with the exception of 1 pair of identical scores), regardless of high and low functioning placement. Monthly comparisons of the high and low functioning experimental groups indicated significant improvements in English speaking skills as well.     

"Making a connection": BSN students' perceptions of their reminiscence experiences with older adults

The projected increase in the diversity of the older adult population in the United States has generated a demand for nurses prepared to care for older adults from different cultural backgrounds. Nurse educators are challenged to develop innovative experiences to help prepare students who are competent in gerontological nursing and sensitive to cultural differences. The purpose of this study was to examine baccalaureate nursing students' perceptions of their reminiscence experiences with older adults. Forty-one nursing students who participated in a reminiscence education program during their clinical practicum completed an open-ended questionnaire. Data were analyzed, and three major themes emerged: "Making a Connection," "Seeing the World Through Their Eyes," and "Benefits of Reminiscence." Results indicate that implementing reminiscence education programs in clinical experiences can help students develop gerontological nursing skills, increase their cultural sensitivity, and improve their care of older adults.     

Outcomes of Swedish nursing students' field experiences in a hospital in Tanzania.

This study describes the experiences of a group of nursing students from Sweden in a hospital in Tanzania. Students were interviewed on their return after the trip. Although students experienced considerable upheaval and frustration working in a different context, they learned valuable lessons as to how nursing can be conducted in conditions entirely different from those familiar to them. They attempted to understand the value and behavioral divergences they encountered, yet values of their home culture remained their frame of reference. This project reflected the importance of working through students' experience if knowledge and understanding of self and others are to be enhanced or developed.     

Bringing music to life: a study of music therapy and palliative care experiences in a cancer hospital

A music therapy research study aimed at understanding patients', visitors' and staff members' experiences of a music therapy program in a cancer hospital over a three-month period is described. Respondents' answers to brief open-ended questions, as well as the music therapist researcher's interpretations of the program's relevance, were examined using thematic analysis based on grounded theory. ATLAS.ti software supported data management and analysis. Themes encapsulating 128 patients' reflections about music therapy were delineated and substantiate how music therapy can support palliative care aims throughout the cancer illness trajectory.     

音乐放松疗法对老年患者失眠状态的影响

目的探讨音乐放松疗法在老年失眠患者中的作用。方法将100例老年失眠患者随机分为实验组和对照组，每组各50例。对照组采用常规治疗，实验组在常规治疗基础上采用音乐放松疗法。于治疗10d后，对两组的睡眠情况进行治疗效果评定。结果实施音乐疗法10d后，两组患者失眠好转情况比较存在统计学差异，其中实验组显效率在80％以上，而对照组的显效率仅为8％（P〈0．01）。结论音乐放松疗法可改善老年失眠患者的睡眠质量，使失眠状态得到改善。