一期切开高位挂线治疗后马蹄形脓肿

采用后位一期切开高位挂线两侧坐骨直肠间隙开窗对口引流治疗后马蹄形脓肿30例，全部一次治愈，疗程20－32d，平均23．6d。术后随访1－4年无遗留肛瘘、肛门狭窄、肛门失禁及肛门畸形。     

切开旷置挂线引流术治疗肛周多间隙脓肿的疗效观察

为提高治疗肛周多间隙脓肿的疗效,采用主灶低位切开高位挂线副灶开窗旷置对口引流术治疗肛周多间隙脓肿50例,全部一次性治愈,治愈时间19～51d,平均26d。术后随访O．5～2年,复发1例,无肛门失禁及肛门移位。结果表明,该法能保持肛管直肠环完整性和功能,是一次性治愈肛周多间隙脓肿的理想术式。     

手术治疗肛管后深间隙的肛周脓肿和肛瘘

为探讨手术治疗肛管后深间隙的肛周脓肿和肛瘘的疗效,选择肛尾韧带外侧缘为切口,切开肛管后深间隙处的脓肿或瘘管,彻底处理好内口,支管采用挂浮线的方法处理,保护好肛尾韧带,以免造成术后肛门移位。临床治疗经肛管后深间隙的肛周脓肿和肛瘘47例,一次治愈45例,二次治愈2例,无肛门移位、畸形,疗效满意。     

一次性手术根治肛门后位马蹄形脓肿231例

肛周脓肿是肛门直肠周围软组织急性化脓性感染的结果。一旦确诊 ,就必须及早进行外科治疗 ,以手术治疗为主。马蹄形肛周脓肿多发于后位。因肛管后间隙脓肿 ,同时向两侧坐骨直肠间隙漫延 ;或因一侧坐骨直肠间隙脓肿 ,经肛管后间隙绕到另一侧坐骨直肠间隙而成。以往手术治疗多采用先切开排脓引流 ,待脓腔缩小 ,形成管腔 (肛瘘 )后 ,再行二次手术。自 1 982年以来 ,我院采用一次性切开挂线法治疗后位马蹄形脓肿 ,一次手术成功 ,既缩短了治愈时间 ,又减轻患者二次手术之痛苦和经济负担 ,疗效满意。现总绍如下。1　临床资料1 .1　一般资料 :本组 …     

一次性切开挂线放射状多切口引流治疗高位马蹄形肛门直肠周围脓肿128例

目的 探讨一次性切开挂线放射状多切口引流治疗高位马蹄形肛门直肠周围脓肿的临床疗效.方法 对128例高位马蹄形肛门直肠周围脓肿采用一次性切开挂线放射状多切口引流治疗的临床资料作回顾性分析.结果 临床一次性治愈122例,治愈率95.3%,6例复发.疗程20～40 d,平均25.4 d.122例经1年门诊复查或电话随访无后遗肛瘘,无肛门失禁、畸形,肛门功能正常.结论 一次性切开挂线放射状多切口引流治疗高位马蹄形肛门直肠周围脓肿,对肛周肌肉、血管、神经的损伤小,术后瘢痕形成小,有效防止了肛门变形、肛门失禁,缩短了疗程,减轻患者需多次手术的痛苦,保护了肛门正常功能.     

一期低切高挂开窗引流治疗肛周脓肿84例

2001~2005年,我科对84例各型肛周脓肿患者采用一期低切高挂开窗引流治疗,其中一期治愈82例,另2例为双侧坐骨直肠间隙脓肿,虽经低切高挂、开窗引流,但因术后换药不当而形成肛瘘,二期行肛瘘手术治愈。1临床资料1.1一般资料:本组84例,其中男62例,女22例,年龄12~68岁。脓肿位于肛提肌以下60例,其中皮下脓肿32例,肛管后间隙脓肿9例,坐骨直肠间隙脓肿15例,后马蹄形脓肿4例;肛提肌以上脓肿22例;肛提肌上下并存2例。内口位置在截石位6点43例,2点29例,11点、9点各4例,12点4例。1.2手术方法:肛周脓肿切开的主要目的是使脓液充分地引流,但仅仅切开引流…     

后位单切口隧道引流治疗马蹄形肛周脓肿120例临床观察

肛周脓肿是肛门直肠周围软组织急性化脓性感染的结果.马蹄形肛周脓肿多发于后位,因肛管后间隙脓肿同时向两侧坐骨直肠间隙蔓延,或因一侧坐骨直肠间隙脓肿经肛管后间隙绕到另一侧坐骨直肠间隙而成.一旦确诊,就必须及早进行外科治疗.以往手术治疗多采用多切口开窗引流法.2000～2007年,我科采用后位单切口隧道引流治疗马蹄形肛周脓肿120例,疗效满意,总结如下.……     

复杂性肛周瘘管性脓肿分型治疗临床分析

为探讨复杂性肛周瘘管性脓肿的最佳治疗方法,提高治愈率,减少术后并发症,对89例复杂性肛周瘘管性脓肿分型治疗。根据其感染部位的不同,分别采用经直肠内切开、经直肠内挂线、经肛门外低位切开高位挂线及主管腔切开挂线、支管腔开窗旷置引流等不同术式。所有病例均一期治愈,治愈率100％,术后无肛门失禁、变形、漏气、渗液及功能异常。结果表明,合理的治疗方法不仅可以治愈该病,减轻患者痛苦,缩短疗程,而且能最大限度地保护肛门功能,减少并发症。     

治疗肛旁脓肿如何减少肛门瘘管发生的临床体会(附127例报告)

目的 探讨在治疗肛旁脓肿时如何减少肛门瘘管的发生.方法 通过回顾性分析5年来我科收治的肛旁脓肿127例,通过不同的肛旁脓肿类型采用挂线与不挂线手术方式治疗,对术后肛门瘘管形成、复发脓肿以及术后肛门功能不良等情况进行分析比较,并进行统计学处理.结果 (1)术后肛瘘发生率:单腔脓肿不挂线组11.4%(1/7),挂线组6.9%(2/29),P>0.05;多腔脓肿不挂线组60%(3/5),挂线组5.8%(4/69),P<0.05;高位脓肿切不挂线组83.3%(10/12),挂线组0(0/5),P<0.05.(2)术后复发脓肿:观察期内0例.(3)术后肛门功能不良:低位脓肿切排引流组无肛门功能不良,挂线组共3例,无失禁;高位脓肿轻度肛门功能不良共5例,无失禁.结论 肛旁脓肿因在切排术后肛瘘发生率高,尤其是高位脓肿,减少肛门瘘管的发生,寻找潜在的内口是关键,同时要根据不同的肛旁脓肿类型选择相应手术方式.     

脓肿切开双腔管引流治疗高位肛管直肠周围服肿(摘要)(介绍一种高位肛管直肠周围脓肿的非挂线一次根治术)

高位肛管直肠周围脓肿的治疗目前仍是肛肠外科的难题。为寻找一种组织损伤少、疗程短、痛苦小、括约肌功能保护好的术式,作者自1996年1月至1997年12月,用脓肿切开,脓腔内双腔管引流法治疗高位脓肿20例。本组均为男性,年龄20~65岁,平均38岁。其中直肠后间隙脓肿5例(复发性1例),骨盆直肠间隙脓肿4例,高位肌间脓肿5例,高位后马蹄脓肿6例(复发性2例)。病程7d至5年。治愈时间10~51d,平均(24.9±9.98)d。随访3个月至2年未见复发,未发现排使节制功能障碍和其它并发症。本法适用于内口在齿线或内口不明显的各种高位肛周脓肿。根据脓肿的位置,在肛缘选择不同的切口切开排脓,切口时避开外括约肌,注意清除原发病灶、对脓腔搔刮冲洗后,在脓腔内安放双腔管引流,随着脓腔缩小变浅逐渐拔出引流条、引流管至脓腔愈合。手术避开外括约肌在肛缘切口,在清除原发病灶时只切开了内括约肌下缘,对内口以上高位脓腔或瘘管放置双腔管引流,不用挂线治疗,对组织损伤小、疗程短、痛苦小、能防止肛管畸形发生,不影响括约肌功能,是一种治疗高位瘘较好的方法。     

PERFACT procedure to treat supralevator fistula-in-ano: A novel single stage sphincter sparing procedure

AIM: To prospectively perform the PERFACT procedure in supralevator anal fistula/abscess.METHODS: Magnetic resonance imaging was done preoperatively in all the patients. Proximal cauterization around the internal opening, emptying regularly of fistula tracts and curettage of tracts(PERFACT) was done in all patients with supralevator fistula or abscess. All types of anal fistula and/or abscess with supralevator extension, whether intersphincteric or transsphincteric, were included in the study. The internal opening along with the adjacent mucosa was electrocauterized. The resulting wound was left open to heal by secondary intention so as to heal(close) the internal opening by granulation tissue. The supralevator tract/abscess was drained and thoroughly curetted. It was regularly cleaned and kept empty in the postoperative period. The primary outcome parameter was complete fistula healing. The secondary outcome parameters were return to work and change in incontinence scores(Vaizey objective scoring system) assessed preoperatively and at 3 mo after surgery.RESULTS: Seventeen patients were prospectively enrolled and followed for a median of 13 mo(range 5-21 mo). Mean age was 41.1 ± 13.4 years, M:F-15:2. Fourteen(82.4%) had a recurrent fistula, 8(47.1%) had an associated abscess, 14(82.4%) had multiple tracts and 5(29.4%) had horseshoe fistulae. Infralevator part of fistula was intersphincteric in 4 and transsphincteric in 13 patients. Two patients were excluded. Eleven out of fifteen(73.3%) were cured and 26.7%(4/15) had a recurrence. Two patients with recurrence were reoperated on with the same procedure and one was cured. Thus, the overall healing rate was 80%(12/15). All the patients could resume normal work within 48 h of surgery. There was no deterioration in incontinence scores(Vaizey objective scoring system). This is the largest series of supralevator fistula-in-ano(SLF) published to date. CONCLUSION: PERFACT procedure is an effective single step sphincter saving procedure to treat SLF with minimal risk of incontinence.     

一期根治术治疗肛周脓肿98例临床分析

为探讨一期根治术治疗肛周脓肿的临床效果,对98例肛周脓肿行一期根治术,在切开脓肿同时切开内口,必要时挂线处理,术后给予抗感染、换药、坐浴。结果显示,98例中治愈93例,治愈率95％,创面愈合时间平均23d。未发生肛门失禁、漏气、漏便、肛门狭窄及肛门畸形,无肛瘘发生和其他后遗症。结果表明,一次性根治术治疗肛周脓肿较单纯性切开引流术,能明显降低术后脓肿的复发率和肛瘘的形成,缩短了疗程,降低了再手术的几率,并且无后遗症发生。     

Outcome of percutaneous continuous drainage of psoas abscess: A clinically guided technique

Background:

Percutaneous aspiration of abscesses under ultrasonography (USG) and computer tomography (CT) scan has been well described. With recurrence rate reported as high as 66%. The open drainage and percutaneous continuous drainage (PCD) has reduced the recurrence rate. The disadvantage of PCD under CT is radiation hazard and problems of asepsis. Hence a technique of clinically guided percutaneous continuous drainage of the psoas abscess without real-time imaging overcomes these problems. We describe clinically guided PCD of psoas abscess and its outcome.

Materials and Methods:

Twenty-nine patients with dorsolumbar spondylodiscitis without gross neural deficit with psoas abscess of size >5 cm were selected for PCD. It was done as a day care procedure under local anesthesia. Sequentially, aspiration followed by guide pin-guided trocar and catheter insertion was done without image guidance. Culture sensitivity was done and chemotherapy initiated and catheter kept till the drainage was <10 ml for 48 hours. Outcome assessment was done with relief of pain, successful abscess drainage and ODI (Oswestry Disability Index) score at 2 years.

Results:

PCD was successful in all cases. Back and radicular pain improved in all cases. Average procedure time was 24.30 minutes, drain output was 234.40 ml, and the drainage duration was 7.90 days. One patient required surgical stabilisation due to progression of the spondylodiscitis resulting in instability inspite of successful drainage of abscess. Problems with the procedure were noticed in six patients. Multiple attempts (n = 2), persistent discharge (n = 1) for 2 weeks, blocked catheter (n = 2) and catheter pull out (n = 1) occurred with no effect on the outcome. The average ODI score improved from 62.47 to 5.51 at 2 years.

Conclusions:

Clinically guided PCD is an efficient, safe and easy procedure in drainage of psoas abscess.     

一期根治术与单纯切开引流术治疗肛周脓肿的疗效对比观察

为比较一期根治术与单纯切开引流术治疗肛周脓肿的临床疗效,回顾2010年5月至2012年7月于我院行一期根治术或单纯切开引流术治疗的162例肛周脓肿患者资料,其中行一期根治术治疗106例（观察组）,行单纯切开引流术治疗56例（对照组）,并对两种术式的治疗效果进行对比分析。结果显示,术后随访1～2年,观察组治愈101例（95．28％）,发生肛瘘5例（4．72％）;对照组治愈19例（33．93％）,发生肛瘘37例（66．07％）。观察组肛瘘发生率明显低于对照组,差异有显著统计学意义,P＜O．01。术后随访和二次手术术中探查发现,观察组术后发生肛瘘主要是由于内口定位不准确所致。结果表明,一期根治术治疗肛周脓肿对防止术后形成肛瘘有较明显的效果,对内口定位清楚的肛周脓肿患者采用一期根治术是比较理想的选择。     

肛瘘栓填塞治疗经括约肌型肛瘘的长期疗效及预后影响因素分析

目的评估肛瘘栓填塞治疗经括约肌型肛瘘的长期愈合率及影响肛瘘愈合的因素。方法采用回顾性病例对照研究方法,分析2008年8月至2012年9月期间于首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院普通外科接受肛瘘栓填塞治疗的207例经括约肌型肛瘘患者的临床资料。患者纳入标准:(1)符合经括约肌型肛瘘的诊断:即瘘管穿越内括约肌及外括约肌的浅、深部之间;(2)患者病例资料完整;(3)初始接受肛瘘栓填塞治疗。排除标准:(1)直肠肛管周围急性感染或病灶感染控制不佳;(2)近期行直肠肛管周围脓肿切开引流术或自行破溃者;(3)合并有恶性肿瘤;(4)克罗恩病、炎性肠病者;(5)心、肝、脑、肺、肾功能不全者;(6)各种慢性消耗性疾病造成恶病质;(7)不能耐受手术者。随访患者的肛瘘愈合情况,采用Kaplan⁃Meier法绘制肛瘘患者累计治愈率,并用单因素和多因素logistic回归分析探究影响肛瘘愈合的因素。结果全组男性186例,女性21例,年龄15~69(平均数38)岁。肛瘘病程3~60(平均数15)个月。有3例患者既往有肛周脓肿发作史并且行肛周脓肿切开引流术(均超过3个月)。随访截至2018年10月31日,失访72例(34.8%)。在135例成功随访的患者中,平均随访时间为96(75~124)个月,肛瘘愈合75例,愈合率为55.6%。Kaplan⁃Meier生存曲线显示,肛瘘治愈率随时间延长,最终稳定在55.6%。在初次接受肛瘘栓填塞治疗失败的患者中,有6例在未接受其他治疗的情况下,肛瘘自行愈合。其中,3例于术后2年、3例于术后3年自行愈合,并未再复发。2008—2012年,肛瘘栓填塞治疗的年治愈率分别为3/6、61.5%(24/39)、42.1%(24/57)、12/15和12/18。多因素logistic回归分析显示,肛瘘病程≥6个月(OR=3.187,95%CI:1.361~7.466,P=0.008)是影响肛瘘栓填塞治疗后肛瘘愈合的独立危险因素。结论肛瘘栓填塞治疗经括约肌型肛瘘长期疗效肯定,宜尽早实施。     

置管引流结合九一丹灌注治疗高位复杂性肛瘘临床观察

目的:观察置管引流结合九一丹灌注术治疗高位复杂性肛瘘的临床疗效.方法:选择高位复杂性肛瘘患者100例,随机分为两组:治疗组(n=50)例和对照组(n=50)例.治疗组采用置管引流结合九一丹灌注,对照组采用低位切开高位挂线术,对两组患者的一般资料、治愈时间、治愈率、复发率、以及肛门功能保护情况进行统计分析.结果:治疗组未...     

一期根治术治疗肛周脓肿218例疗效观察

为观察一期根治术治疗肛周脓肿的临床疗效,对218例肛周脓肿患者分别采用一次切开术、一次脓肿切开挂线术和一次脓肿切开加对口引流术。结果术后治愈209例,后遗肛瘘5例,再发脓肿3例,延迟愈合1例,治愈率95．9％。结果表明,一期根治术治疗肛周脓肿明显降低了术后肛周脓肿的复发率和肛瘘的发生率,缩短了疗程,减轻了患者的痛苦,具有明显的优越性。     

Recidiva e incidencia de fístula tras el drenaje urgente de un absceso anal. Resultados a largo plazo

IntroductionAnal abscess is the most frequent urgent proctological problem. The recurrence rate and reported incidence of fistula after drainage and debridement of an anal abscess is widely variable. The objective of this study is to analyse the long-term recurrence rate and the incidence of fistula after drainage and urgent debridement of an anal abscess.MethodsRetrospective observational study of a prospective cohort with anal abscess of cryptoglandular origin. All patients (n = 303) were evaluated two months and one year after the intervention. At the 5^th year, all the medical records were reviewed and a telephone call or appointment was made for an assessment if necessary. Specific antecedents of anal pathology, abscess characteristics, time and type of recurrence, presence of symptoms in the first revision and presence of clinical and/or ultrasound fistula were recorded.ResultsMean follow-up 119.7 months. Recurrence rate 48.2% (82.2% in the first year). Two hundred twenty-two ultrasounds performed. Incidence of ultrasound fistula: 70% symptomatic vs. 2.4% asymptomatic (p < 0.001). Global incidence of fistula 40.3%. The history of anal pathology and the presence of symptoms in the postoperative review significantly increase the possibility of recurrence (p < 0.001). The fistula is statistically more frequent if the abscess recurs (p < 0.001)ConclusionAfter drainage and debridement of an anal abscess, half of the patients relapse and 40% develop fistula especially in the first year, so longer follow-ups are not necessary. Endoanal ultrasound for the evaluation of the presence of fistula is highly questionable in the absence of signs or symptoms.     

主管切开加支管隧道式引流治疗低位复杂性肛瘘50例临床分析

为观察主管切开加支管隧道式引流治疗低位复杂性肛瘘的疗效,我们对50例低位复杂性肛瘘患者探清内口后行主管切开,彻底清除感染的病灶,各支管末端做放射状隧道式开窗切口,橡皮筋置于瘘管内引流。观察结果显示,48例一次性治愈,2例经二次手术治愈,总治愈率100%。无1例出现肛门失禁、肛门畸形等并发症。随访2～4年均无复发。结果表明,主管切开加支管隧道式引流治疗低位复杂性肛瘘,能减少对创面的损伤,减轻患者痛苦,最大限度地保留肛门括约肌形态和功能的完整。