贫血对急性冠状动脉综合征患者预后的影响

目的:探讨贫血对急性冠状动脉(冠脉)综合征患者主要不良心血管事件的影响。方法:纳入行冠脉造影术的急性冠脉综合征患者428例,测定血红蛋白水平并进行临床随访;据血红蛋白水平分为贫血组和非贫血组,随访终点为心源性死亡、脑卒中、心力衰竭、非致死性心肌梗死以及因心绞痛再入院。建立Cox相对风险比例回归模型分析危险因素与终点事件间的关系,采用Kaplan-Meier法比较2组间生存率的差异。结果:贫血组的血红蛋白水平为107.5(81～120)g/L,非贫血组为136.0(111～178)g/L,平均随访期为20(1～120)个月,随访结束时共104例达终点。Cox回归模型显示血红蛋白(RR=0.363,95%CI:0.171～0.770,P=0.008)与急性冠脉综合征预后相关,Kaplan-Meier分析显示贫血组30d(92.0%∶96.9%,P=0.018)、90d(86.8%∶92.4%,P=0.048)及随访结束时(42.2%∶53.6%,P=0.035)的无事件累积生存率均低于非贫血组。结论:血红蛋白水平是影响急性冠脉综合征患者预后的因素之一,贫血的急性冠脉综合征患者预后较差。     

The incidence of adverse clinical outcome in acute coronary syndrome patients with subclinical hypothyroidism

Background Subclinical hypothyroidism is associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes.But less is known about its prognostic role in patients with acute coronary syndrome(ACS).Methods 538 ACS patients with normal serum concentrations of T3 and T4 underwent coronary angiography in our hospital from January 2015 to January 2019 were retrospectively enrolled.They were divided into normal thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH) group(0.27-4.2 uIU/mL)(n=385) and high TSH group(4.2 uIU/mL)(n=135).The study endpoints were the major adverse cardiovascular events(MACEs).The univariate and multivariate regression analysis including significant covariables were performed to test for the association between subclinical hypothyroidism and MACEs.Results The mean concentration of TSH were 8.72(6.37-11.02) uIU/mL in the high TSH group and 1.94(1.34-2.45) uIU/mL in the normal TSH group.Multivariate logistic regression analysis found that subclinical hypothyroidism [Odds ratio(OR): 1.94, 95% confidence interval(CI): 1.23-2.65, P=0.030] was associated independently with MACE rate in ACS patients.The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve showed that the subclinical hypothyroidism had good predictable value for MACEs in patients with ACS(area under the curve:0.713, 95% CI: 0.668-0.802, P0.001).Conclusions Subclinical hypothyroidism is associated with worse clinical prognosis in ACS patients.Clinicians need to pay more attention to subclinical hypothyroidism in ACS patients.[S Chin J Cardiol 2021;22(1):1-6]     

Effects of clinical depression on left ventricular dysfunction in patients with acute coronary syndrome

Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis - Depression is associated with heart failure independent of traditional cardiovascular disease risk factors. Enhanced platelet activation has been suggested...     

Age, clinical presentation, and outcome of acute coronary syndromes in the Euroheart acute coronary syndrome survey.

AIMS: Age is one of the most powerful determinants of prognosis in myocardial infarction, but there is comparatively little recent data across the whole spectrum of acute coronary syndromes (ACS). We examined the impact of increasing age on clinical presentation and hospital outcome in a large sample of patients with ACS. METHODS AND RESULTS: Patients (n = 10 253) from the Euroheart ACS survey in 103 hospitals in 25 countries were investigated. There was a significant inverse association between the age and the likelihood of presenting with ST-elevation. For each decade of life, the odds of presenting with ST-elevation decreased by 0.82 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.79-0.84]; P < 0.0001. Elderly patients were considerably less often treated by cardiologists, less extensively investigated, and, when presenting with ST-elevation ACS, less likely to be treated with reperfusion. Compared with patients <55 years, the odds ratios of hospital mortality were 1.87 (1.21-2.88) at age 55-64, 3.70 (2.51-5.44) at age 65-74, 6.23 (4.25-9.14) at age 75-84, and 14.5 (9.47-22.1) among patients > or =85 years, with no major differences across different types of admission or discharge diagnoses. CONCLUSION: Elderly ACS patients were less likely to present with ST-elevation but had substantial in-hospital mortality, yet they were markedly less intensively treated and investigated.     

Impact of metabolic syndrome on coronary plaque vulnerability in Japanese women with acute coronary syndrome.

BACKGROUND: Previous study has demonstrated that metabolic syndrome (MetS) can predict cardiovascular mortality in men, but the prediction was weak for women. In the present study predictors for multiple complex coronary lesions were investigated to clarify the impact of MetS in Japanese women with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). METHODS AND RESULTS: Subjects were Japanese women with ACS (n=81) who underwent emergency coronary angiography and B-mode carotid ultrasonography. They were divided into 2 groups based on the number of complex plaques. Although the MetS prevalence identified using the Japanese criteria was similar between the 2 groups, using the modified ATP III criteria it was more in patients with multiple coronary lesions than in those with a single coronary lesion (p<0.02). The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) in the multiple group was higher than that in the single group (p<0.008). Significant independent predictors for multiple complex coronary lesions were DM (odds ratio (OR) 4.78, p<0.03) and carotid artery remodeling (OR 8.81, p<0.02). Among the components of MetS, a low level of high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (<50 mg/dl) was a significant independent predictor (p<0.007). CONCLUSIONS: DM and carotid artery remodeling are useful markers for coronary vulnerability in Japanese women. Gender-specific pathophysiological differences may exist for components of MetS.     

不同剂量辛伐他汀对急性冠脉综合征介入术后患者的影响

目的观察不同剂量辛伐他汀对急性冠脉综合征(ACS)介入术(PCI)后患者调脂疗效及临床事件的影响。方法57例入选的ACS患者行PCI术后按辛伐他汀不同的剂量分为10mg(A组)、20mg(B组)、40mg(C组)3组,每组各19例。分别于服药后12、24周检测血清高敏C-反应蛋白(hs-CRP)及血脂水平,肝、肾功能,同时观察心脏不良事件及药物不良反应发生率。结果所有病例均按时随访。不良反应C组明显高于B组,A组无不良反应。血脂下降程度24周时A、B、C组分别为总胆固醇(TC)10.1%、16.8%、19.1%,A、B两组比较,P<0.05,B、C两组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)为8.9%、19.4%、28.7%,各组比较,P<0.05;hs-CRP在服药后24周分别下降19.8%、38.4%、51.2%,三组比较P<0.05。心脏不良事件发生率A组偏高,但与B、C两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),B、C两组之间差异无统计学意义。结论①辛伐他汀减少ACS患者PCI术后心脏不良事件发生率,且一定范围内与剂量呈正相关,但40mg/d与20mg/d比较差异无统计学意义,不良反应明显增多,收益与风险不成比例。②常规剂量辛伐他汀可达到ACS患者PCI术后调脂目标。③调脂程度与hs-CRP下降呈正相关。     

急性冠脉综合征患者冠脉病变与临床预后的关系

目的：探讨急性冠脉综合征（ACS）患者不同冠脉病变程度与临床预后的相关性,并分析其影响因素。方法纳入2007年4月～2008年4月解放军总医院确诊的729例ACS患者,按照冠脉造影（CAG）结果分为轻度病变组（冠脉狭窄＜50%且不伴血管闭塞,n=51）和显著病变组（冠脉狭窄≥50%伴或不伴血管闭塞,n=678）,随访终点为主要不良心血管事件（MACE,包括心源性死亡、心绞痛、心肌梗死和心源性休克）,最长随访时限为5年。结果所有患者中位随访时间为4.3年,随访成功率为95.34%（695/729）,其中轻度病变组49例,显著病变组646例。显著病变组MACE发生率高于轻度病变组（32.67%vs.18.37%,P=0.038）,显著病变组在随访期间共有18例（2.79%）患者死亡,轻度病变组无死亡发生,两组生存率有统计学差异（P=0.0016）。Cox多元回归分析显示,糖尿病和年龄均是不良心血管事件的危险预测因子（糖尿病：OR=1.5,95%CI：1.13～2.08,P=0.006;年龄：OR=1.0,95%CI：1.00～1.03,P=0.037）。结论 ACS患者冠脉狭窄越严重则MACE发生率越高,糖尿病是MACE发生的因素。     

不稳定型心绞痛和非ST段抬高心肌梗死血运重建患者的临床资料分析

目的 :了解因不稳定型心绞痛 (UAP)或非ST段抬高心肌梗死 (NSTEMI)住院并接受血运重建患者的临床特点和治疗情况。方法 :对SUNDAY(TheStrategiesforUA/NSTEMIandDelayofAngioplastyRegistry)研究中注册的 2 0 0 0年 1月～ 2 0 0 2年 12月间因UAP或NSTEMI接受血运重建治疗的 74 2例患者的临床资料进行分析。结果 :74 2例中 ,UAP患者 70 9例 (95 .6 % ) ,NSTEMI患者 33例 (4 .4 % ) ;有高血压、糖尿病病史的患者分别占 6 1.5 %和 19.5 %。 70 %的患者为多支血管或左主干病变。抗血小板药物和 β受体阻滞剂、低分子肝素、早期他汀类药物的应用率分别 >90 %、4 4 .7%、6 3.9%。 74 2例中 ,5 9.0 %的患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗 ,成功率98.6 % ;4 1.0 %的患者经外科搭桥治疗 ,成功率为 99.3%。 8例 (1.1% )在住院期间死亡。多因素Logistic回归分析发现 ,高血压 (OR =2 .95 ,95 %CI :1.15～ 7.5 6 ,P <0 .0 5 )、血清肌酐水平升高 (OR =3.0 4 ,95 %CI :1.0 5～ 8.87,P <0 .0 5 )、左室功能降低 (OR =1.0 4 ,95 %CI :1.0 0～ 10 .7,P <0 .0 5 )以及女性患者 (OR =2 .70 ,95 %CI :1.18～ 6 .19,P <0 .0 5 )是院内不良事件发生的独立危险因素。结论 :接受血运重建的UAP和NSTE MI患者冠状动脉病变复杂 ,近 70 %的患     

普罗布考对急性冠脉综合征患者抗氧化、抗炎作用的研究

目的:观察普罗布考对急性冠脉综合征(ACS)患者血氧化低密度脂蛋白抗体(oxLDL-Ab)、高敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)和白介素18(IL-18)水平的影响。方法:ACS患者81例,随机分为普罗布考组(41例)和常规治疗组(40例),用药治疗前检测外周血oxLDL-Ab、hs-CRP和IL-18的水平,用药治疗1周后复查hs-CRP和IL-18,治疗4周后复查oxLDL-Ab,观察治疗前后各指标变化。并分析两组治疗结束前一周心绞痛发作的频率。结果:治疗后普罗布考组较常规治疗组oxLDL-Ab[(56.20±14.56)U/ml∶(88.65±11.23)U/ml]、hs-CRP[(8.78±5.61)mg/L∶(14.23±9.79)mg/L]及IL-18[(88.54±17.74)pg/ml∶(141.83±19.52)pg/ml]浓度明显降低(P均0.05)。普罗布考组治疗第4周平均心绞痛发作频率较常规治疗组显著降低[(2.5±1.5)次/周∶(4.7±1.7)次/周,P0.05],次数减少与oxLDL-Ab减少有明显相关性(r=0.60,P0.05)。结论:普罗布考对急性冠脉综合征患者具有抗氧化、抗炎作用,可减少心绞痛发作频率。     

衰弱对老年急性冠脉综合征患者预后及治疗策略的影响

衰弱是常见老年综合征之一,衰弱增加老年急性冠脉综合征(ACS)患者的死亡率、心血管事件、住院时间及出血风险,衰弱患者接受冠状动脉造影及冠状动脉介入治疗的可能性较非衰弱者低,衰弱也会增加接受冠状动脉介入治疗的患者死亡 率。老年衰弱患者是否可以从经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)中获益,以及如何进行临床决策尚缺乏足够的循证医学证据指导。     

强化瑞舒伐他汀治疗对急性冠脉综合征患者PCI术后hsCRP的影响

目的:观察强化瑞舒伐他汀治疗对急性冠脉综合征患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)术后不同时间点高敏C反应蛋白(hsCRP)的影响。方法:选择2011年7月~2012年6月在我院诊断为急性冠脉综合征患者86例,随机分为2组。强化组于PCI术前服用瑞舒伐他汀20 mg/d,术后持续1周,1周后减量为10 mg/d。对照组PCI术前术后均为10 mg/d。分别于术前、术后1 d、术后1周,术后1个月检测患者血浆中hsCRP的变化。结果:强化组患者PCI术后1 d、术后1周血浆hsCRP的水平明显低于对照组,而PCI术后1个月两组患者血浆hsCRP的水平无显著差异。结论:PCI术前及术后1周应用瑞舒伐他汀20 mg/d较10 mg/d能够明显降低血浆hsCRP水平,且安全性良好。     

冠状动脉内超声溶栓治疗急性冠脉综合征的临床观察

目的　探讨低频高能超声溶解急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)闭塞相关血管或“罪犯”血管血栓及粥样硬化斑块的有效性和安全性。　方法　ACS患者26例,其中ST段抬高急性心肌梗死19例,非ST段抬高心肌梗死3例,不稳定性心绞痛4例;左前降支闭塞 10 例,左冠状动脉闭塞 4 例,右冠状动脉闭塞5例。超声溶栓后对闭塞相关血管行急诊经皮冠状动脉腔内成形术。　结果　超声溶栓后,闭塞相关血管前向血流达心肌梗死溶栓试验3 级 19 例,开通 19 例,开通率为 73%(19/26),其中冠状动脉左前降支成功率最高。超声溶栓成功患者胸痛能完全缓解,心电图ST段下降50%以上,但术后残余狭窄平均为(73±11)%。急诊经皮冠状动脉腔内成形术后6例,残余狭窄降至(13±7)%(P<0. 05)。在超声溶栓中,7例出现并发症。　结论　低频高能超声可有效、安全溶解闭塞相关血管血栓,对富含血栓的病变可进行超声溶栓,可作为经皮冠状动脉腔内成形术的互补手段在临床应用。