氟伐他汀对高血压患者血压、C-反应蛋白和血管内皮功能的影响

目的探讨氟伐他汀对高血压患者血压、C-反应蛋白和血管内皮功能的影响。方法将80例高血压患者随机分成对照组(n=40)和氟伐他汀组(n=40),对照组给予贝那普利和硝本地平控释片,氟伐他汀组在此基础上加用氟伐他汀。观察治疗前及治疗后4周两组反应性充血时肱动脉内径变化率(FMD)、血清高敏C-反应蛋白(hsCRP)、一氧化氮(NO)、血浆内皮素(ET)、6-酮-前列腺素FI(6-keto-PGFI)和血栓素B(2TXB2)情况。结果治疗4周后,氟伐他汀组FMD由治疗前的8.20%±0.72%,上升至12.39%±0.97%(P<0.05);NO浓度也较治疗前显著升高(47.67±4.36pg/mlvs52.94±4.40pg/ml,P<0.01);ET浓度较治疗前降低(31.31±2.47pg/mlvs24.33±2.45pg/ml,P<0.01)。对照组上述参数治疗前后均无明显变化(P>0.05)。对照组治疗后收缩压明显下降(P<0.05),舒张压和hsCRP无明显变化(P>0.05);氟伐他汀组治疗后血压、血清hsCRP均有所下降(P<0.05),与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论氟伐他汀可以降低高血压患者hsCRP浓度,调控NO/ET平衡,改善血管内皮功能,从而降低血压。     

荷丹片联合瑞舒伐他汀钙对高脂血症患者血管内皮功能的影响

目的观察荷丹片联合瑞舒伐他汀钙对中老年高脂血症患者降脂效果以及对血管内皮功能的影响。方法 141例高脂血症患者随机分成2组,研究组84例给予荷丹片1.46 g口服,每日3次,瑞舒伐他汀钙10 mg口服,每日1次;对照组57例仅给予瑞舒伐他汀钙10 mg口服,每日1次。观察治疗前及治疗4、8周后血脂、血清血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、一氧化氮(NO)、内皮素1(ET-1)水平的变化。结果治疗前2组患者血脂水平及血管内皮功能比较无显著差异(P>0.05),治疗4周和8周后2组患者血脂水平均较前下降,研究组TG、TC、LDL-C、ET-1水平较对照组降低明显(P<0.05),VEGF、NO水平较对照组升高明显(P<0.05),而HDL-C治疗前后无显著变化(P>0.05)。结论荷丹片联合瑞舒伐他汀钙能够明显降低TG、TC、LDL-C、ET-1水平,升高VEGF、NO水平,降脂的同时明显改善血管内皮功能。     

氟伐他汀调脂治疗对血管内皮功能的影响

目的: 探讨高脂血症患者血管内皮细胞功能的变化及氟伐他汀对其的影响.方法: 选高脂血症患者44例为治疗组,血脂正常者20例为对照组,检测氟伐他汀治疗前后血浆内皮素-1浓度(ET-1)和血脂,观察肱动脉血管超声检测血管内皮依赖性舒张功能的变化.结果: 高脂血症组ET-1的水平明显高于对照组(P＜0.01),血管内皮依赖性舒张显著低于对照组(P＜0.01);氟伐他汀治疗后1周血脂水平较治疗前有下降趋势,但无统计学意义(P＞0.05 ),而ET-1明显下降、反应性充血引起的肱动脉内径扩张显著增强(P＜0.05);治疗后8周TC、TG、 LDL-C均有明显降低(P＜0.05～0.01),且 ET-1进一步降低,反应性充血引起的肱动脉内径扩张进一步增强(P＜0.01).结论: 高脂血症患者内皮功能受损,氟伐他汀调脂治疗的同时具有改善内皮功能的作用.     

辛伐他汀对高血压病患者血管内皮功能的影响

目的 研究辛伐他汀对高血压病患者血管内皮功能的影响.方法 将高血压组患者分为他汀治疗组(辛伐他汀40 mg,每晚1次服用8周,A组,n=60)和非他汀治疗组(B组,n=66),采用无创超声技术检测FMD、IMT的变化.结果 治疗前高血压各组的颈动脉IMT、IMT/D均较健康对照组明显升高(P<0.01),FMD明显下降.治疗后A组的TC、TG、LDL-C、颈动脉IMT、IMT/D均有明显降低(P<0.05).而B组治疗前后各血脂水平、颈动脉IMT、IMT/D差异无显著性.治疗后A、B两组FMD均升高,A组更为明显(P<0.01).结论 辛伐他汀可延缓颈动脉IMT的进程,改善高血压病患者的血管内皮功能.     

胰岛素强化治疗对初诊2型糖尿病血管内皮功能的影响

目的探讨胰岛素强化治疗对初诊2型糖尿病患者血管内皮功能的影响。方法选择初诊2型糖尿病患者43例,应用胰岛素泵短期强化治疗,观察治疗前后血管内皮功能及体脂、血压、血脂、血糖、胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)的变化。结果初诊2型糖尿病患者已存在血管内皮依赖性舒张(EDD)功能受损,并伴有各项代谢指标异常。经胰岛素强化治疗使血糖控制达标后,EDD由5.48±2.24增加为10.36±3.73(P<0.01),血脂及HOMA-IR显著降低(分别为P<0.05和P<0.01)。结论初诊2型糖尿病早期胰岛素强化治疗不仅可有效治疗糖脂代谢紊乱,并可显著改善血管内皮依赖性舒张功能。     

甲状腺功能减退患者血管内皮功能的超声评价

目的：探讨超声评价甲状腺功能减退(简称甲减)患者血管内皮依赖性舒张功能(EDD)的价值。方法选取我院2014年1月至2015年6月确诊的甲减患者80例为甲减组,健康体检者40例为对照组。甲减组治疗前、对照组采用超声测量静息状态下和反应性充血后的肱动脉内径及含硝酸甘油后肱动脉内径,计算血流介导的血管内皮依赖性舒张功能(EDD)和硝酸甘油介导的内皮非依赖性血管舒张功能(EID);甲减组采用左旋甲状腺激素替代治疗6个月后用同样方法计算EDD、EID。将甲减组按照治疗前、治疗后6个月比较及与对照组对照,比较各组EDD、EID差异。结果甲减组治疗前与对照组比较,血管内皮依赖性舒张功能减低,差异有统计学意义[(7.98±1.20)%vs (11.25±2.72)%,P<0.05];甲减组治疗后与治疗前的EDD比较,血管内皮依赖性舒张功能有显著改善,差异有统计学意义[(11.84±1.27)%vs (7.98±1.20)%,P<0.05];甲减组治疗6个月后血管内皮功能改善EDD提高,与对照组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);而甲减组治疗前EID为(21.84±2.46)%,治疗后为(22.34±1.79)%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),与对照组(22.58±2.05)%比较EID差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论甲减患者EDD减低,提示血管内皮功能减低,左旋甲状腺激素替代治疗后能改善血管内皮功能。     

阿托伐他汀对糖耐量异常患者肱动脉内皮依赖性舒张功能的影响

目的:应用高频超声观察糖耐量异常(IGT)患者,经阿托伐他汀治疗对肱动脉内皮依赖性舒张功能(EDD)的改善作用。方法:从体检中筛选出IGT患者50例,利用高频超声血管技术检测阿托伐他汀对IGT患者治疗前后肱动脉EDD的疗效。结果:阿托伐他汀治疗6个月后,EDD比治疗前有明显改善(P<0.05),与对照组相比差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论:阿托伐他汀具有改善EDD的作用。     

老年全身炎症反应综合征患者肱动脉血管舒张功能的变化

目的 探讨血管内皮舒张功能在全身炎症反应综合征(SIRS) 老年患者中的变化.方法 选择82 例SIRS 老年患者,分为生存组(n=58) 和死亡组(n=24),同时选择22 例非SIRS 老年患者作为对照,分别检测肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1(IL-1)、血浆内皮素-1(ET-1) 和C 反应蛋白(CRP),并采用高分辨血管外超声法检测肱动脉介导的内皮依赖性血管舒张功能(FMD) 和硝酸甘油介导的内皮非依赖性血管舒张功能(NMD).结果 SIRS 组中TNF-α、IL-1、ET-1、CRP 明显升高,差异有统计学意义,在死亡组中,上述指标较生存组高(P<0.01),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).SIRS 组FMD 较对照组显著降低(2.21±0.18 vs 2.80±0.21,P<0.01),且死亡组中FMD 较生存组降低.SIRS 组NMD 较对照组明显增加(P<0.01),但死亡组中NMD 较生存组下降(P<0.01).TNF-α、IL-1、ET-1、CRP 与内皮依赖性血管舒张功能呈负相关(P<0.01).结论 SIRS 患者血管内皮依赖性舒张功能(FMD) 明显受损,受损程度与病情严重程度相关.     

阿伐他丁对老年原发性高血压患者血管内皮功能的影响

目的探讨阿伐他汀对老年原发性高血压患者血管内皮功能的影响。方法观察40例老年原发性高血压患者（治疗组）经阿伐他汀每日1次10 mg治疗8周后,血脂、血浆内皮素（ET）水平的变化,并用超声检测肱动脉血管内皮依赖性舒张功能（EDD）的变化。选择15例健康老年人（对照组）作为对照。结果治疗组血浆ET水平明显高于对照组,血管内皮依赖性舒张功能受损,治疗后ET血浆水平明显下降（P〈0.01）,EDD明显改善（P〈0.01）,且ET和EDD改善与LDL-C下降程度无相关性。结论阿托伐他汀可以改善老年原发性高血压患者血管内皮的功能,且独立于降脂作用之外。     

氯吡格雷联合阿托伐他汀对不稳定型心绞痛患者血管内皮功能的保护作用

目的探讨氯吡格雷联合阿托伐他汀对不稳定型心绞痛(UAP)患者血管内皮功能的保护作用。方法选取2017年5月～2018年7月就诊的UAP患者80例,随机分为观察组与对照组,各40例。两组均予以阿司匹林、肝素、硝酸酯类、β-受体阻滞剂和血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂等常规治疗。对照组在此基础上口服氯吡格雷75 mg/次,1次/d;观察组在对照组基础上再加阿托伐他汀钙片20 mg/次,1次/d,口服。两组疗程均4周。观察两组治疗前后血管内皮受指标[血清一氧化氮(NO)和内皮素-1(ET-1)]水平的变化,并比较其临床效果和不良反应。结果治疗4周后,两组血清NO水平较前显著上升,ET-1水平较前显著下降(P0.05或P0.01),且观察组上升或下降幅度较对照组更明显(P0.05);同时观察组总有效率显著优于对照组(95.00%vs 80.00%)(χ~2=4.11,P0.05)。对照组发生不良反应3例(7.50%),观察组5例(12.50%),症状相对较轻,两组相比差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.14,P0.05)。结论氯吡格雷与阿托伐他汀联合用于UAP患者的疗效肯定,安全性较好,其作用机制可能与其升高血清NO水平、降低ET-1水平、修复受损的血管内皮有关,具有保护血管内皮功能的作用。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.