动态心电图联合运动试验对冠心病的诊断价值

目的评价单独或联合应用12导联动态心电图与平板运动试验对冠心病的诊断价值。方法选择35例疑诊冠心病的患者，2周内分别行12导联动态心电图及平板运动试验检查，并于其后1周内完成冠脉造影检查，对运动试验、动态心电图及冠脉造影结果进行分析。结果联合应用12导联动态心电图与平板运动试验在检出缺血性ST段改变和诊断冠心病的敏感性、特异性等各项指标间无显著性差异（p〉0．05）；两项均有和均无缺血性ST段改变（均阳性或均阴性）与单用运动试验或12导联动态心电图比较，虽敏感性、特异性、符合率等有所提高，但亦无显著性差异（p〉0．05）。结论联合应用12导联动态心电图与平板运动试验诊断冠心病价值与单独应用其中一项并无明显优势，可视患者具体情况选择其中一种，并对ST段改变的临床意义进行综合分析。     

平板运动试验诊断冠心病的临床价值

目的通过与冠脉造影（CAG）结果对比,探讨运动平板试验（TET）对冠心病的诊断价值。方法以CAG为诊断冠心病（冠脉狭窄≥50%）的＂金标准＂,对同期先后行TET和CAG检查的150例疑似冠心病患者进行回顾性分析,将其TET的结果与CAG进行比较。结果 TET检出冠心病的敏感性80.5%,特异性63.3%,准确性为72.7%,阳性预测值为72.5%,阴性预测值72.9%。冠心病患者中TET诊断阳性率与病变血管支数无明显相关性（r=0.482,p=0.68）,TET诊断结果阳性与阴性仅与血管狭窄程度≥75%狭窄的节段数目有统计学差异（p〈0.05）。结论 TET检出冠心病的特异性较低,但敏感性较高,能较准确评价冠心病的缺血情况。     

平板运动试验不同导联ST改变对冠心病的诊断价值

目的:总结平板运动试验中不同导联ST改变对冠心病的诊断价值。方法:2001年1月至2005年12月在我科行平板运动试验阳性患者300例,进行了冠脉造影检查,回顾性总结分析其平板运动试验中不同导联ST段变化对冠心病的诊断价值。结果:平板运动试验阳性患者300例。冠脉造影检查阳性231例,其中肢体导联阳性组37例,胸导联阳性组89例,肢体导联 胸导联阳性组105例,胸导联ST改变较单纯肢体导联ST改变有显著的差异性(P<0.05)。结论:平板运动试验诊断中胸导联ST改变较单纯肢体导联ST改变对冠心病的诊断有较好的预测价值。     

Localizing coronary artery obstructions with the exercise treadmill test

To determine if patterns of ST depression or elevation during exercise testing provide reliable information about the location of an underlying coronary lesion, we studied 452 consecutive patients with one-vessel disease who underwent treadmill testing. Exercise ST changes were classified as elevation or depression and by lead groups involved. The ST depression occurred most commonly in leads V5 or V6 regardless of which coronary artery was involved. In contrast, anterior ST elevation indicated left anterior descending coronary disease in 93% of cases, and inferior ST elevation indicated a lesion in or proximal to the posterior descending artery in 86% of cases. Furthermore, anterior ST elevation in leads without diagnostic Q waves usually indicated a high-grade, often proximal, left anterior descending stenosis, whereas anterior ST elevation in leads with Q waves usually indicated a totally occluded left anterior descending coronary artery. Thus, ST elevation during exercise testing, although uncommon, is a reliable guide to the underlying coronary lesion, whereas ST depression is not.     

Effects of exercise on the signal-averaged electrocardiogram in coronary artery disease

The effects of exercise on the signal-averaged electrocardiogram (SAECG) were investigated in 52 patients with stable coronary artery disease. The SAECG was recorded before and immediately after the exercise test and analyzed at 25 to 250 Hz and 40 to 250 Hz. All patients had SAECG with noise level less than or equal 0.8 microV at 25 Hz and less than or equal to 0.6 microV at 40 Hz and with the difference in noise level between control SAECGs and SAECGs after exercise less than or equal to 0.2 to 0.3 microV. Twenty-eight patients developed ST changes consistent with transient subendocardial ischemia that persisted during the SAECG recording after exercise. There was no significant difference between control SAECGs and SAECGs after exercise in patients with or without a positive exercise test. The absence of significant change on the SAECG was not related to the presence or absence of prior myocardial infarction, site of infarction, development of exercise-induced ventricular arrhythmias or presence of an abnormal recording at baseline. These data suggest that exercise-induced electrophysiologic changes and ventricular arrhythmias may not be related to the anatomic-electrophysiologic substrate that underlies late potentials on the SAECG.     

冠心病介入术后早期平板运动试验探讨

目的:研究冠心病患者介入治疗后早期平板运动试验的意义。方法:采用修订Bruce方案对45例冠心病患者在介入术后7～30d进行平板运动测试。结果:45例患者中,9例(20%)出现阳性。平均运动时间为(406.5±135.7)秒,平均代谢当量为(9.4±2.6)METs,进一步分级显示:≤4METs者0例,≤7METs的19例,≤10METs的4例,≤13METs的17例,≤16METs的5例。无1例出现心血管事件。结论:冠心病患者介入术后进行早期活动平板运动测试是安全、可行的。可作为康复评定和预后的指标。     

Prediction of severity of coronary artery disease by treadmill exercise testing]

Coronary angiography was performed in 250 patients with a significant ischemic ST segment change detected by symptom-limited maximum treadmill exercise testing, and relationship between anatomical severity of coronary artery disease and parameters in exercise testing was studied. The age of the patients ranged from 34 to 76 years (188 men, 62 women). One-vessel disease (1VD) was presented in 82 patients, two-vessel disease (2VD) in 42, three-vessel disease or left main coronary disease (3VD) in 26, and no significant stenosis was presented in 100 subjects (Normal). Functional aerobic impairement (FAI) was evaluated in each group as a parameter of exercise capacity, myocardial aerobic impairment (MAI) and heart rate impairment (HRI) were also evaluated as a parameter of maximum myocardial oxygen requirements and maximum heart rate, respectively. Using these parameters, discriminant analysis was performed to compare the group with significant coronary artery disease and the Normal group. Also, to compare the group with multi-vessel disease and the group with less than 2VD. Also, the 3VD group and the group with less than 3VD. FAI, MAI and HRI were significantly different (p less than 0.0001) in each group. The discriminant formula to separate the group of significant coronary artery disease from the Normal group was Z = -1.049 + 0.02 [FAI] +0.08 [MAI] +0.03 [HRI]. According to this formula, sensitivity was 92.5% and specificity was 71.5%. The discriminant formula to separate the group with multi-vessel disease from the group with less than 2VD was Z = -4.731 + 0.07 [FAI] +0.106 [MAI] +0.02 [HRI]. According to this formula, sensitivity was 96.3% and specificity was 78.8%.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

心脏活动平板运动试验参数对冠心病的诊断价值

目的 总结平板运动试验对冠心病的诊断价值.方法 2006年1月至2011年3月在我院住院接受心脏活动平板运动试验（TET）及冠状动脉造影（CAG）检查的患者445例,回顾性总结分析其平板运动试验中不同参数变化对冠心病的诊断价值.结果 ①进行平板运动试验的445例患者中,TET阳性200例,其中CAG阳性150例、CAG阴性50例;TET阴性245例,其中CAG阴性206例、CAG阳性39例.TET检出冠心病的敏感性为79.36%（150/189）,特异性为80.47%（206/256）,预测准确性为80.00%（356/445）.②CAG阳性组（189例）与CAG 阴性组（256例）比较,CAG阳性组的总运动时间、峰值心率、ST段下移出现时间明显小于CAG阴性组（P＜0.05）,其ST段下移幅度及持续时间显著大于CAG阴性组（P＜0.05）.③CAG阳性的189例中,单支病变87例、多支病变102例,多支病变组总运动时间、峰值心率、ST段下移出现时间明显小于单支病变组（P＜0.05）,ST段下移幅度及持续时间显著大于单支病变组（P＜0.05）.④在平板运动试验阳性组中,性别在冠心病的诊断价值中差异有统计学意义,男性对冠心病的诊断率明显高于女性（P＜0.05）;在平板运动试验阴性组中,性别在冠心病的诊断率方面差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.⑤平板运动试验Bruce方案级别与冠心病也有明显的相关性：1级的阳性预测值、阴性预测值和准确率均较其他级高,分别为85.71%、94.44%和88.33%.随着级别的递增,到4级时,其阴性预测值达100%,准确率也为100%.结论 平板运动试验是一项诊断冠心病较理想的非创伤性的检查方法,综合多项参数分析可初步估测其病变程度.     

平板运动试验假阳性相关因素的分析

目的 探讨活动平板运动试验假阳性相关影响因素,调整观察参数,提高心电图活动平板运动试验评估冠脉病变的价值.方法 收集整理2012年1月至2014年6月因疑似冠心病在苏州九龙医院心脏中心接受活动平板运动试验、结果阳性的94例患者,所有患者均在平板运动试验后1w内行冠脉造影检查.根据造影结果将其分为真阳性组(A组)和假阳性组(B组),对比分析两组各项临床资料及活动平板试验数据.结果 真阳性组和假阳性组在性别、最大运动耐量(Mets)、运动峰值、心率收缩压乘积方面有显著差异(p＜0.05),A组平板运动试验中最大心率与运动终止后2 min心率的差值显著低于B组;A组平板运动试验终止后3 min收缩压与运动终止1 min收缩压的比值、包含2个以上冠心病危险因子的例数明显大于B组(p＜0.05).结论 活动平板试验参数结合相关的临床资料、血流动力学相关参数,能提高冠脉病变的诊断准确性,对临床诊断冠心病、评估治疗效果和预后等方面可提供有价值的参考.     

平板运动试验结合动态心电图对冠心病的诊断价值

目的：以冠状动脉造影（CAG）结果作为标准,探讨平板运动试验（TET）结合24h动态心电图（DCG）对冠心病（CHD）的诊断价值。方法：对236例患者行CAG,且同时行TET及DCG检查,分析TET及DCG两种检查方法各自对CHD的诊断价值,以及两者联合时对CHD的诊断价值。结果：TET诊断cHD的敏感性79．11％,特异性69．23％;DCG诊断CHD的敏感性67．72％,特异性80．77％;两者联合行并联试验时敏感性96．83％,特异性53．84％,阳性预测值80．95％,阴性预测值89．36％,敏感性、阴性预测值较单独TET、DCG试验有显著提高（P〈0.05）;两者联合行串联试验时敏感性50．00％,特异性96．15％,阳性预测值96．34％,阴性预测值48．70％,特异性、阳性预测值较单独TET、DCG试验有显著提高（P〈0．05）。结论：单独行TET或DCG对冠心病诊断的敏感性和特异性相对较低,两者联合诊断可明显提高上述两项指标。     

平板运动试验的强阳性与冠状动脉多支病变的相关性——附74例临床资料分析

平板运动试验(TET)在冠心病的定量诊断方面,我国尚应用不够,作者选择7项表现,作为强阳性依据,对74例因胸痛拟诊冠心病入院者,于冠状动脉造影(CAG)前作了TET检查.其中男性58例,女性16例,年龄为57.5±8.4岁(38～74岁).结果显示,以强阳性估测多支病变(包括左主干病变)的敏感性为59%,特异性高达100%.作者认为敏感性略低可能与冠心病严重的评判标准不同有关,亦与本文患者大多(70%)服用抗心绞痛药物有关,而特异性高则说明冠状动脉正常或病变轻者极少表现为强阳性.冠心病严重度的初步无创性评估对CAG的操作及患者的疗效分析均有实际意义.     

The treadmill exercise score revisited: coronary arteriographic and thallium perfusion correlates.

The treadmill exercise score has been used to stratify patients into low-, moderate-, and high-risk groups. This score is derived from ST segment depression, angina, and exercise duration. To determine the coronary arteriographic and exercise thallium perfusion correlates of the score, we examined the extent of coronary artery disease and exercise single photon emission computed thallium-201 results in 834 patients for whom cardiac catheterization data were available. Of those, 174 had no coronary artery disease, 195 had one-vessel, 246 had two-vessel, and 219 had three-vessel disease. Based on the treadmill exercise score, 369 were in the low-risk, 384 in the moderate-risk, and 81 in the high-risk group. The extent of coronary artery disease was 2.1 +/- 1 diseased vessels in the high-risk, 1.7 +/- 1 in the moderate, and 1.4 +/- 1.1 in the low-risk group (p < 0.01). The extent of the thallium abnormality (maximum number of abnormal segments 120/patient) was 10 +/- 6 in the high-risk, 7 +/- 6 in the moderate, and 6 +/- 5 in the low-risk group (p < 0.05). Based on the extent of coronary artery disease and results of thallium imaging, patients were reclassified into three groups: group 1 had three-vessel disease and/or > or = 10 abnormal segments (n = 387), group 3 had no coronary artery disease or one-vessel disease and less than five abnormal segments (n = 212), and the remaining patients were in group 2 (n = 235).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Stunned left ventricular myocardium after exercise treadmill testing in coronary artery disease

Myocardial stunning (postischemic ventricular dysfunction) occurs in dogs after coronary stenosis following treadmill exercise. Less data are available in humans regarding development of stunned myocardium after exercise. Regional wall motion changes were evaluated in 22 patients with known coronary artery disease using 2-dimensional echocardiography and exercise treadmill testing. Wall motion was scored as 1 = normal, 2 = hypokinetic, 3 = akinetic, 4 = dyskinetic. At least 1 left ventricular segment with normal resting function developed an increase in wall motion score at 15 or 30 minutes compared with values at rest. The wall motion score in the midportion of the ventricular septum increased from 1.0 at rest to 1.6 (p less than 0.004) at 30 minutes after exercise; the basal inferior wall score worsened from 1.0 at rest to 1.9 (p less than 0.01) at 30 minutes after exercise. Coronary angiographic data in these patients revealed that left anterior descending narrowing correlated best with left ventricular septal wall motion abnormalities, whereas right coronary artery and circumflex narrowing best correlated with inferior and posterior wall motion abnormalities. Eight normal adult volunteers with no history of myocardial ischemia also underwent 2-dimensional echocardiography and exercise testing. No wall motion abnormalities were observed at any time after exercise. The present study suggests that in patients with coronary artery disease, exercise treadmill testing may induce regional wall motion abnormalities of the left ventricle that persist greater than or equal to 30 minutes after exercise, an observation consistent with the phenomenon of stunned myocardium.     

平板运动试验中的QT离散度诊断冠心病的价值

目的了解平板运动试验中的ＱＴ离散度（ＱＴｄ）和校正ＱＴ离散度（ＱＴｃｄ）变化对冠心病心肌缺血的诊断价值。方法分析经冠脉造影证实的３０例冠心病患者与２３例冠脉造影正常者平板运动试验前、试验中ＳＴ段下移最大时或最大负荷心率时（无ＳＴ段下移时）及运动后体表１２导联心电图ＱＴｄ、ＱＴｃｄ变化。结果冠心病组和冠脉正常组ＱＴｄ与ＱＴｃｄ比较Ｐ均〈０．０１;冠心病组ＱＴｃｄ运动中与运动前、后比Ｐ均〈０．０１,Ｑ     

平板运动试验诊断冠心病阳性指标的比较研究

目的：探讨ST、ST／HR及QTd在平板运动试验试验中的变化及对冠心病心肌缺血的诊断价值。方法：56例临床诊断或疑诊为冠心病的病人先后行平板运动试验及冠状动脉造影检查，并进行比较分析。结果：ST、ST／HR、QTd及ST ST／HR QTd诊断冠心病的准确性分别为：52％、64％、66％、84％。结论：运动试验中诊断冠心病心肌缺血的敏感性和准确性最高的指标为ST ST／HR QTd。