观察下肢血栓闭塞性脉管炎患者应用自体大隐静脉倒置旁路转流术治疗效果

目的自体大隐静脉倒置旁路转流术治疗下肢血栓闭塞性脉管炎临床疗效观察与分析。方法 68例下肢血栓闭塞性脉管炎患者按照治疗方法不同分组为对照组与治疗组,各34例。对照组采用传统常规治疗;治疗组于对照组治疗基础上实施自体大隐静脉倒置旁路转流术治疗。比较两组患者临床疗效、治疗前、治疗后6个月患肢ABI及最大行走距离、安全性。结果治疗后,两组患者治疗后6个月患肢ABI及最大行走距离较治疗前明显改善,但治疗组患者最大行走距离明显优于对照组(P<0.05);但两组患肢ABI比较无显著差异(P>0.05)。治疗组治疗有效率为91.18%(31/34)明显高于对照组73.53%(25/34)(P<0.05);两组患者治疗前后血尿等常规检查均无异常。结论采用自体大隐静脉倒置旁路转流术治疗下肢血栓闭塞性脉管炎,其可显著改善患者临床各项症状,提高临床疗效,且无明显不良反应发生。因此这种治疗方式是一种安全、有效治疗方法,值得推广。     

血栓闭塞性脉管炎合并动脉硬化闭塞导致下肢缺血的手术治疗

目的 探讨下肢血栓闭塞性脉管炎(thmmboangiitis obliterans,TAO)合并动脉硬化闭塞症(arteriosclerosis obliterans,ASO)手术治疗效果.方法 回顾性分析2007年治疗的TAO合并ASO 6例患者的资料.2例行腹主动脉切开取栓+内膜剥脱+腹主动脉-股深动脉人工血管旁路移植-胭动脉人工血管-小腿动脉自体大隐静脉旁路移植术,1例行腹主动脉切开取栓+内膜剥脱+腹主动脉-右股深动脉人工血管旁路移植-膝下胭动脉人工血管旁路移植术;1例行左髂总动脉-左股深动脉人工血管旁路移植一胫前动脉自体大隐静脉原位移植术,1例行左侧人工血管切开取栓+左股深动脉成形-膝下腘动脉人工血管旁路移植术,1例行右股总动脉-左股总动脉人工血管旁路移植-胫后动脉自体大隐静脉旁路移植术.结果 5例患者术后恢复顺利,1例于术后当天出现股动脉-腘动脉人工血管和远段的大隐静脉桥血栓形成,立即再次手术行人工血管和大隐静脉切开取栓术,并同时行胫后动静脉吻合.6例患者均痊愈出院,无死亡病例.5例患者的下肢远端静息痛完全缓解,1例部分缓解.足部溃疡的2例创面明显缩小,无感染发生.所有患者得到随访,平均随访为6.5个月,3例足部溃疡愈合.1例术后3个月出现左股部切口感染,最终行膝上截肢处理,残端一期愈合.其他5例患者的移植血管通畅,症状缓解.结论 对TAO合并ASO患者如果手术治疗方式恰当,可以取得比较好的疗效.     

138例下肢动脉硬化闭塞症外科治疗经验探讨

目的 探讨下肢动脉硬化闭塞症(ASO)的外科治疗经验.方法 回顾性分析本院自2004年1月至2007年1月外科治疗下肢ASO138例患者的临床资料.结果 本组138例接受包括动脉旁路转流术、介入治疗、动脉内膜剥脱术、股深动脉成形术等在内的一种术式或多种术式联合的外科治疗172例(次).随访119例,随访率86.2%,平均随访18.2个月.围手术期死亡率43%.全组截肢率5.8%.腹主(髂)-股动脉旁路转流术后6个月、1年、2年的通畅率高于股-股动脉人工血管旁路转流术,差异有显著性(P<0.01);股-咽动脉旁路转流中应用自体大隐静脉转流病例术后6个月、1年、2年的通畅率高于应用人工血管转流病例,差异有显著性(P<0.01);原位大隐静脉旁路转流围手术期并发症较倒置大隐静脉旁路转流低,但二者术后通畅率比较无显著性(P>0.05).结论 下肢ASO病变的复杂性决定了其外科治疗方法的多样性,且往往需要将各种外科治疗方法进行结合才能取得较好的临床疗效.     

下肢血栓闭塞性脉管炎影像学分型及疗效分析

目的初步探讨下肢血栓闭塞性脉管炎的影像学分型及临床意义。方法回顾性分析新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院血管外科2006年1月至2014年1月下肢血栓闭塞性脉管炎84例患者影像及临床资料。结果 84例患者影像资料示下肢血栓闭塞性脉管炎分为髂股型(15例)、股腘型(4例)、膝下型(28例)。54例行血管重建术分别为13例行自体大隐静脉搭桥术、4例行球囊血管扩张联合支架置入术、14例行球囊扩张联合置管溶栓术、23例动脉切开取栓术联合干细胞移植术。围手术期2例行膝上截肢术,3例行膝下截肢术,11例行截趾术。随访时间3~40个月,平均(16±12)个月。总体手术成功率70.4%,术后6个月通畅率50%(24/48),12个月通畅率64.6%(31/48)。结论对于有良好远端流出道的患者,首选自体大隐静脉搭桥术,无良好远端流出道的患者可选择球囊扩张术,疗效尚可。对于慢性患者急性血栓形成的患者动脉切开取栓联合干细胞移植是一种可行、有效的方法。     

复合血管与倒置大隐静脉旁路移植治疗严重慢性下肢缺血的对比研究

目的比较复合血管序贯式下肢动脉旁路术和倒置自体大隐静脉旁路术治疗严重慢性下肢缺血的效果。方法回顾性分析采用复合式血管(25例)及倒置自体大隐静脉(16例)旁路移植术治疗的41例严重慢性下肢缺血患者的临床资料。复合血管用聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)人工血管及自体静脉组合而成。人工血管近心端与股总动脉吻合,远端与孤立腘动脉吻合;自体静脉从PTFE血管远端发出并与小腿的胫或腓动脉吻合。倒置自体大隐静脉旁路术采用同侧大隐静脉作为血管桥。比较两者血管桥的累积通畅率和保肢率。结果平均随访18.7个月。男29例,女12例。平均年龄(67±10.4)岁。FontaineⅢ级23例,FontaineⅣ级18例。复合血管组中自体静脉远端吻合口止于胫前动脉5例,胫后动脉14例,腓动脉6例;倒置大隐静脉移植组中10例吻合口止于胫后动脉,3例腓动脉,3例胫前动脉。复合血管组踝肱指数术前为0.24±0.14,术后为0.68±0.22(P=0.000)。倒置大隐静脉组平均踝肱指数术前为0.24±0.14,术后为0.68±0.22(P=0.000)。复合血管术后1,2,3年首次通畅率分别为78%,72%,61%;二期通畅率分别为83%,76%,6...     

顺序大隐静脉旁路转流术近期效果和方法

倒转大隐静脉的股-腘-胫动脉旁路转流术,是治疗腹股沟平面以下动脉粥样硬化的典型方法,但有40％病例在术后3年内失败。通过以最小的创伤破坏静脉瓣膜和保持原位静脉的缸管滋养管这两方面的改进,提高通畅率,使一度弃用的原位大隐静脉旁路转流术,重新成为可供选用的动脉重建方法。本文报告作者采用本方法治疗8侧下肢的经验。     

自体大隐静脉旁路转流术治疗下肢动脉硬化闭塞症临床分析

目的探讨自体大隐静脉旁路转流术治疗下肢(腘-股)动脉硬化闭塞症(ASO)的效果。方法随机将60例下肢(腘-股)ASO患者分成2组,各30例。对照组采用经皮腔内血管成形术(PTA),观察组实施自体大隐静脉旁路转流术。比较2组患者的治疗效果。结果 2组均顺利完成手术。出院时2组患者的疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)和踝/肱指数(ABI)均较术前显著改善,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。但组间比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。术后均获得6~12个月随访。经彩超或CTA复查,观察组患者血管血运及VAS评分和ABI均优于对照组,但差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论自体大隐静脉旁路转流术和PTA治疗下肢(腘-股)ASO,均能有效改善患者的临床症状。应根据患者的病情、医院的条件和术者的手术经验加以选择。     

自体大隐静脉转流术治疗胫骨平台骨折合并腘动脉损伤疗效分析

目的 探讨自体大隐静脉转流术治疗胫骨平台骨折合并腘动脉损伤的疗效。方法回顾性分析2018年1月至2021年1月收治的15例胫骨平台骨折合并腘动脉损伤患者的临床资料。术前8例行CTA, 7例行彩色多普勒超声检查,提示腘动脉管腔部分闭塞6例,腘动脉管腔全部闭塞9例。所有患者均一期行腘动脉探查并自体大隐静脉转流术、跨膝关节外固定支架固定术,二期行切开复位内固定手术。术后定期随访,观察患侧肢体踝肱指数、皮肤温度、膝关节活动度等指标。结果 本组均顺利完成一期腘动脉探查修复联合跨膝关节外固定支架固定术,术中探查见腘动脉断裂3例,腘动脉内膜损伤4例,腘动脉全层损伤8例。自体大隐静脉-腘动脉端端吻合术3例,自体大隐静脉-腘动脉旁路转流术12例。手术时间180～299 min,平均(243.53±33.72) min。术后患肢远端血液循环均稳定,术后即刻彩色多普勒超声提示肢体远端动脉血流通畅,无血管危象发生。术后均随访6个月,随访期内自体大隐静脉桥均未出现狭窄或闭塞。术后第1、6个月患肢踝肱指数及皮肤温度较术前明显改善(P<0.01),术后第6个月膝关节活动度较术后第1个月明显改善(P<0....     

17例腘动脉瘤外科治疗临床经验

目的总结腘动脉瘤外科治疗的临床经验。方法回顾性分析2005年5月至2015年12月期间17例腘动脉瘤患者的临床资料。结果 17例均行手术治疗,后侧入路行腘动脉瘤切除+自体静脉间置术10例,应用人工血管重建腘动脉1例;内侧入路行股腘动脉或股-胫后动脉自体大隐静脉旁路术5例,行腘动脉假性动脉瘤切除+自体大隐静脉补片成形术1例。平均随访时间为(4.5±3.3)年,1例术后2个月行截趾术;另1例因自体静脉桥血栓形成导致远端缺血坏死,术后6个月行膝上截肢术。因心脑血管疾病死亡3例,未发生动脉瘤相关的死亡。结论腘动脉瘤有症状者或瘤体直径大于2cm者应尽早手术,后侧入路行腘动脉瘤切除及自体静脉重建临床效果满意,应作为腘动脉瘤的首选治疗方案。     

一期大隐静脉动脉化治疗下肢血栓闭塞性脉管炎

目的：通过一期大隐静脉动脉化治疗下肢血栓闭塞性脉管炎。方法：通过利用自体头静脉在患肢大隐静脉与患肢股动脉或髂外动脉之间搭桥，为６６例９１侧下肢血栓闭塞性脉管炎患者实施手术。结果：术后下肢缺血性疼痛消失，皮温皮色恢复正常，足趾及跖部创面愈合，多普勒超声探测及动脉造影提示患足血供良好。结论：本术式不影响静脉血回流，简易、经济，效果良好，使用头静脉搭桥可使本术式应用范围更广。     

Indication of femorotibial and femoroperoneal bypass for Buerger's disease

Infrapopliteal bypass with autogenous vein graft was performed in twenty-three patients of thromboangiitis obliterans (Buerger's Disease) during the past 8 years. The outflow vessel of the graft had the direct connection with the pedal arch in 3 cases. In 20 cases the graft was anastomosed to the solitary tibial or peroneal segment, in which the occlusive lesion existed between the outflow vessel and pedal arch, or otherwise, the pedal arch was not opacified in the arteriogram. The length of the solitary tibial or peroneal segment of the successful cases ranged from 11.5 cm to 29.0 cm. The cumulative patency rates of the 23 bypass grafts at 3 months, 1 year, 3 years and 5 years were 86.7%, 77.3%, 77.3%, 77.3% respectively. This result is comparable to those of other authors. When the solitary tibial or peroneal artery is found out and is longer than 12 cm in the arteriogram of Buerger's Disease, we are going to perform bypass surgery to the vessel. If the foot is already necrotic, the amputation should be carried out several days or several weeks after the successful reconstructive surgery.     

血管腔内技术飞速发展的今天,静脉动脉化仍有价值吗?

目的探讨静脉动脉化治疗肢体严重缺血症(CLI)的临床应用价值。方法回顾性分析2005年1月～2010年6月42例施行静脉动脉化手术患者的临床资料,其中血栓闭塞性脉管炎37例,动脉粥样硬化闭塞症5例。术前踝/肱指数(ABI)0～4.5(平均3.2)。本组术式:采用高位深组10例,低位深组23例,浅组9例(其中双向血流组6例;直接转流组3例)。结果手术技术成功率100%。随访1～58个月,38例患者恢复正常生活,无静息痛存在,间歇性跛行症状消失或跛行距离大于500m。1例行高位深组患者,在术后1年4个月移植物闭塞,症状复发而行截肢处理。随访期内,经临床或超声检查,有3例患者出现移植物闭塞,但无症状复发。总救肢率95%(40/42);有效率92.6%(39/42);移植物长期通畅率88.1%(37/42)。结论静脉动脉化术是应用于下肢动脉广泛性闭塞,远端无良好流出道而无法进行常规动脉重建,肢体濒临坏死患者的手术方法;该术式是一种非常规的救肢手术,如适应证选择恰当,手术操作规范,可取得良好疗效。     

Composite sequential grafts for femorocrural bypass reconstruction: experience with a modified technique

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the efficacy of a modification of the composite sequential femorocrural bypass graft that we adopted in 1985, a retrospective case-note study was undertaken. The grafts combined a prosthetic femoropopliteal section with a popliteal to crural section with autologous vein, linked via a common intermediate anastomosis sited on the above-knee popliteal artery. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between 1985 and 2000, 68 grafts of this type were constructed in 65 patients with critical ischemia of the lower limb and insufficient autologous vein for construction of an all venous bypass. Reasons for insufficient long saphenous vein included previous lower limb bypass in 33 cases, phlebitis in 16 cases, venous hypoplasia in eight cases, and previous varicose vein surgery in seven cases. Distal anastomoses were carried out to the peroneal artery in 26 cases, the anterior tibial artery in 17 cases, the posterior tibial artery in 17 cases, and the pedal arteries in eight cases. Sources of vein included the long saphenous vein in 26 cases, the arm vein in 38 cases, and the short saphenous vein in two cases. In 22 limbs (32%), angiography had shown an occluded segment of above-knee popliteal artery, and in these cases, local popliteal disobliteration was performed to receive the composite anastomosis and to provide additional outflow. RESULTS: The 2-year cumulative primary patency, secondary patency, and limb salvage rates were 68%, 73%, and 75%, respectively. Localized popliteal disobliteration did not compromise graft patency (P =.07, with log-rank test). CONCLUSION: In the absence of sufficient autologous vein, patients needing bypass to crural arteries can be offered reconstruction with composite sequential grafting with satisfactory results. Furthermore, an occluded above-knee popliteal segment is not a contraindication for composite sequential bypass reconstruction.     

��֫����Ӳ���̷�����Ѫ˨�γɵ�����̽��

目的 探讨下肢动脉硬化继发急性血栓形成的外科治疗。方法 回顾性分析16例下肢动脉硬化继发急性血栓形成的诊断方法和手术治疗方案。结果 16例中4例行动脉取栓＋股浅动脉狭窄段内膜剥脱术，6例行动脉取栓＋股浅动脉开口处短段内膜剥脱＋股深动脉开口成形术，3例行动脉取栓＋髂外－Guo动脉搭桥＋股深动脉开口成形术，1例行动脉取栓＋股－胫前动脉搭桥，1例行动脉取栓＋髂总－股浅动脉搭桥，1例截肢。结论 下肢动脉硬化继发急性血栓形成应积极手术探查，术中除单纯取栓外，应根据具体动脉病变需要，再行动脉内膜剥脱术、股深动脉成形术或自体大陷静脉搭桥术。     

Complex venous reconstruction for chronic iliofemoral vein obstruction

A 35-year-old patient, physically very active, developed symptoms and signs of postphlebitic venous obstruction in the right lower extremity that was complicated by deep venous thrombosis, while recovering from a motorcycle accident. Duplex and venography demonstrated occlusion of the right superficial femoral vein and right external iliac vein. Strain-gauge plethysmography and measurements of venous pressures demonstrated functional obstruction. The patient underwent saphenous cross-femoral vein bypass, right saphenous-popliteal anastomosis accompanied with distal posterior tibial to saphenous vein arteriovenous fistula. Ten days following surgery, the arteriovenous fistula and the distal great saphenous vein closed spontaneously. The rest of the reconstruction remained patent as documented by duplex up to 24 months following the surgery. Clinically, the patient is doing well, tolerating heavy physical exertion as before his accident. The importance of selection of patients for venous bypass surgery is stressed. Only patients with co-existing anatomical and functional obstruction are good candidates for these procedures. Copyright © 1996 The International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery.     

A successful cross-over femorotibial bypass for severe ischemic leg of thromboangiitis obliterans

A case of thromboangiitis obliterans (TAO) successfully treated with a modified vascular reconstruction is reported. A 53 year-old man who had undergone lumber sympathectomy 9 years ago visited our hospital with complaints of rest pain and intractable ulcer at the right big toe. Preoperative angiography could not visualize distal arteries from the right common iliac artery and major amputation above knee was intended. Operative angiography, however, revealed collateral pathways from the posterior tibial artery to plantar arteries. Then, a long bypass from the left common femoral artery to the right posterior tibial artery was made using saphenous vein grafts of both extremities, 75 cm in length. Postoperatively, a solution containing urokinase, PGE1 and heparin was infused continuously for two months through a tube inserted into a branch of the graft. The pain disappeared and the ulcer healed. Now one year after the operation, the bypass graft is patent and the patient is fully rehabilitated. This experience indicates that some of ischemic legs with poor run off due to TAO can be salvaged by such modified vascular reconstruction and postoperative local PGE1 infusion therapy.     

大隐静脉原位转流术重建下肢血液循环

目的:评价大隐静脉原位转流术治疗下肢动脉硬化闭塞症的疗效.方法:运用自制瓣膜切除器开展大隐静脉原位转流术治疗下肢动脉硬化闭塞症38例共40例肢体.患者术前踝肱指数(ABI)为0-0.58(平均0.29),均经动脉造影证实.术后移植物均可扪及搏动,有28条肢体足背或胫后动脉搏动恢复,17例同时行输入输出道动脉重建术,溃疡清创术6例,4例于术后3天内出现移植物搏动消失,行第2次重建术,结果:ABI平均值同术前0.29上升至0.84,严惩缺血肢体挽救率为100%,经寿命表统计分析,1-5年的血管累积通畅率分别为92%,87%,82%,72%和65%,结论:大隐静脉原位转流术是治疗下肢动脉硬化闭塞症的理想方法之一,同时行输入功输出道动脉重建术,对保证移植血管的通畅有着重要的意义.     

Use of lower extremity deep veins as arterial substitutes: functional status of the donor leg

Large veins (superior and inferior vena cava, portal vein) have been replaced successfully with lower extremity deep veins (superficial femoral-popliteal). Femoropopliteal bypass with superficial femoral-popliteal veins has been reported to give excellent long-term results. Nevertheless, this source of autogenous veins has not gained acceptance, in part because of the fear that deep vein removal will result in severe venous outflow restriction in the donor limb. To assess the clinical and functional effect of excising a deep vein, we compared a group of limbs in which the superficial femoral-popliteal vein was resected for use as a femoropopliteal bypass graft (25 legs) with a control group of 22 legs in which a saphenous vein or polytetrafluoroethylene graft was used for femoropopliteal bypass. No significant differences were found in age or sex distribution, time from surgery to the venous test, side of bypass, or the incidence of postoperative extremity swelling, either early or late. A mild but significant calf enlargement was observed in the deep vein group (p less than 0.05), and a pattern consistent with venous outflow obstruction was shown by plethysmography in 21 of 25 extremities (84%) in which a deep vein was used for femoropopliteal bypass but in only 11 of 22 (50%) control extremities (p less than 0.02). It is concluded that a lower extremity deep veins should be considered as a suitable replacement for a large vein or, when superficial vein is not available, as an infrainguinal arterial substitute.