口腔健康教育促进中学生口腔健康知识和行为的效果评价

目的探讨口腔健康教育对促进中学生口腔健康知识和行为的效果。方法对符合纳入标准的80名中学生采用课堂集中方式宣教口腔健康知识。以问卷形式调查健康教育前、后口腔卫生知识知晓情况。于健康教育前、教育后1周对受检学生进行牙菌斑检查,比较健康教育前、后刷牙的菌斑清除率及口腔卫生指数改善情况。结果经健康宣教后,所有受检者的口腔健康知识及刷牙正确率均明显提高。健康教育前、后刷牙菌斑清除率分别为31.4%和80.3%（P〈0.01）。结论口腔健康教育对增强中学生口腔卫生保健知识、提高学生的口腔卫生质量具有重要意义。     

社区口腔健康教育方式的调查

目的评价社区口腔健康教育的效果,探索适合本地区情况的社区口腔健康教育模式。方法选择合肥市五里墩社区作为试验社区,对社区非专业人员及志愿者进行口腔健康知识培训,由他们代替口腔专业人员对社区居民进行有针对性的口腔健康宣教,宣教前、后对居民进行问卷凋查以获得口腔健康知识、态度和行为情况,并进行效果评价。采用SPSS11．5软件包对前后2次调查结果进行χ2检验。结果干预前后分别调查523人和491人,2次调查对象在性别,年龄构成比上差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。干预后社区居民的口腔健康知识、态度均有明显改善,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。口腔健康行为的改善除刷牙时间≥3min的差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）以外,其他行为的改善均有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论此种社区口腔健康教育模式能够明显改善社区居民的口腔保健知识、态度和行为,为在本地区广泛推广实施及为社区口腔健康教育提供参考资料。     

幼儿菌斑分布的调查及其在口腔健康教育中的作用

小儿自出生后6个月左右起,乳牙即开始陆续萌出.3岁左右的幼儿20个乳牙均已萌出,形成乳牙列.乳牙承担了幼儿期咀嚼功能的重要职责,对机体的生长发育中有很大的影响.目前我国儿童龋病的状况已令各方关注.以90年代上海所报道的资料为例.1岁儿的患龋率已达8.33%,而此时口腔内仅已萌出乳牙6个左右.乳牙列刚形成的3岁儿,其患龋率为59.53%,dft为2.65个.故     

口腔健康教育对泰州市城区小学生口腔卫生知识和口腔健康行为改变的影响

目的了解口腔健康教育对小学生口腔卫生知识和行为习惯的影响,为开展口腔疾病预防和制定学校口腔卫生工作政策提供依据。方法采用随机整群抽样方法,抽取泰州市海陵区6所小学2～3年级4 000名学生进行3个月的口腔健康教育,并在教育前后分别进行问卷调查,比较口腔卫生知识和行为习惯的变化。结果口腔健康教育后小学生的口腔健康基本知识、对窝沟封闭的认识、口腔健康行为的改变等17项内容均高于教育前,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论泰州市小学生口腔健康教育应有计划、长期进行。     

遵义市小学教师口腔健康知识和对口腔健康教育态度的调查

目的 了解遵义市小学教师的口腔健康知识和对口腔健康教育的态度。方法 采用分层随机抽样的方法,抽取遵义市10所小学636名小学教师作为研究对象,自行设计调查问卷,收集教师的基本信息、口腔保健习惯、口腔保健知识知晓率、对口腔健康和口腔健康教育的态度等信息,所得数据采用SPSS 21.0软件进行统计。结果 本调查回收有效问卷614份,在口腔保健习惯方面,小学教师刷牙时长在3 min及以上仅占8.8%,23.8%有横刷牙习惯,64.7%没有洁牙习惯,78.2%未使用过牙线。口腔保健知晓率方面,教师对六龄齿是不会换的、窝沟封闭可以预防龋齿、使用牙线可以去除牙菌斑等方面的认识薄弱,但是,总体对口腔健康和口腔健康教育的态度较好。结论 可通过组织培训等多途径提高遵义市小学教师的口腔健康知识,发挥教师在引领和培养学龄儿童建立良好的口腔习惯中的积极作用。     

口腔健康教育前后小学生口腔健康知识行为变化调查

目的　探讨口腔健康教育对儿童口腔健康知识和行为的影响。方法　自行设计调查表 ,采用重复测量的方法 ,调查口腔健康教育前后儿童口腔健康知识和行为情况。结果　口腔健康教育可显著提高儿童口腔健康知识 ,对口腔健康行为有一定的作用 ,口腔健康行为的改变与父母职业有关。结论　口腔健康教育对儿童口腔健康知识和口腔健康行为有积极作用 ,应在小学生中开展常规的口腔卫生教育课     

口腔健康教育科普讲座的效果评价

目的评价通过口腔健康讲座提高公众口腔健康知识水平的效果。方法在25场口腔健康讲座前后分别发放内容基本相同的问卷，将被调查者按学历分为2组，评价不同文化程度的人群口腔健康行为和口腔健康知识水平及讲座对口腔健康知识认知的改善。结果早晚刷牙率为83．3％，只有27．1％的人每次刷牙时间达到3min。知道并使用牙线的人不足1．0％，定期到医院进行口腔检查的人数不足一半。讲座后口腔保健知识知晓率从52．7％-78．9％提高到78．4％～91．4％，但不同学历组组间差异无统计学意义。结论通过科普讲座开展口腔健康教育能有效地增强大众口腔保健知识水平。     

口腔健康行为的影响因素

个体的口腔健康行为直接影响到个体的口腔健康状况。而个体的口腔健康行为受个体因素、家庭因素和社会因素等的影响。口腔健康教育和口腔健康促进就是通过改善人群的口腔健康行为,达到改善人群的口腔健康状况的根本目的。所以,只有深刻认识口腔健康行为的各种影响因素,才能为更好地实施口腔健康教育和口腔健康促进提供依据。本文对口腔健康行为的影响因素作一综述。     

口腔健康教育对某军校学员相关知识与口腔健康的影响

口腔疾病是影响我军人员健康与战斗力的常见病、多发病。尤其是军校学员,既是军人又处于学生时期,是口腔疾病的好发人群[1]。同时,该时期也是健康观念与行为的形成期,通过健康教育促使学员获得口腔保健知识,建立口腔健康新观念,提高学员自我保健能力,可以预防口腔疾病的发生。我们于2006-09—2007-02根据PRECEDE健康教育模式[2]开展了相关卫生知识培训,并进行了有关知识、态度和行为KAP的近期效果评价。1调查对象和方法1.1调查对象整群抽取某军校学员65人,得到有效问卷65份。年龄19~22岁,其中男37人,女28人,均为本科在读。1.2干预方法本…     

口腔健康教育对牙周参数和幽门螺杆菌在牙菌斑中分布的影响

目的 探讨口腔卫生教育对牙周参数和幽门螺杆菌（Hp）在牙菌斑中分布的影响。方法 自愿受检人群进行口腔健康教育，统一指导漱口、刷牙并口腔洁治，抽样观察牙周参数和菌斑Hp阳性率的变化。结果 口腔健康教育后，牙周参数和Hp阳性率均有显著性降低（P＜0.01），其效果以洁治教育后最为显著（P＜0.001），但正确的刷牙是保持口腔卫生最基本的方法。结论 进行口腔健康教育不仅可以减少口腔疾病，对减小胃病的发病与复发亦有重要意义。     

系统口腔健康教育对自锁托槽周围牙茵斑的影响

目的通过对自锁托槽矫治错袷患者定期的牙菌斑染色情况进行比较,探讨系统口腔健康教育对自锁托槽周围牙菌斑的影响。方法将70例即将使用自锁托槽固定矫治器的中学生正畸患者随机分为两组,试验组35例进行系统口腔健康教育并使用牙间隙刷,对照组35例仅进行常规刷牙宣教。在崮定正畸前、治疗6个月、保持期第1个月复诊时对两组正畸患者进行牙菌斑染色,检测菌斑指数并比较结果。结果两组患者治疗前牙菌斑染色指数差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,但在治疗6个月及保持期1个月全部指标牙位的牙菌斑染色指数差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论系统口腔健康宣教并使用牙问隙刷,能提高患者的认知和配合意识,有利于改善自锁托槽矫治错耠患者的口腔卫生状况。     

The effects of sugar-free chewing gums on dental plaque regrowth: a comparative study

Sugar-free chewing gum has been claimed to be a useful means of reducing dental plaque accumulation. The incorporation of additives, such as enzymes, abrasives and divalent metal ions, into gum formulations might improve their antiplaque activity, particularly at the buccal and lingual surfaces of the teeth. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the plaque inhibitory effects of three sugar-free chewing gums each containing lactoperoxidase (LP), micro granules of silicon dioxide (SD), and zinc gluconate (ZG). METHODS: The study was an observer-masked, randomized cross-over design balanced for carryover effects, involving 12 healthy volunteers in a 4-day plaque regrowth model. An additive-free (AF) gum served as positive/negative control for occlusal and smooth surfaces, respectively. On day 1, subjects received professional prophylaxis, suspended oral hygiene measures, and commenced chewing their allocated product. Gum chewing was one piece chewed for 30min 4 times a day. On day 5, subjects were scored for disclosed plaque. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in antiplaque activity of the gums tested, neither for the smooth nor for the occlusal surfaces (P=0.447 and P=0.418, respectively). Similar results were obtained for the anterior and posterior sites of smooth surfaces (P>0.05), and for the lower and upper sites of occlusal surfaces (P=0.451 and P=0.53, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that the chewing gums containing LP, SD and ZG would provide no plaque inhibitory effects on smooth surfaces. The gums containing these additives, therefore, should not be recommended as adjuncts to mechanical oral hygiene.     

A needs assessment survey of dental public health graduate education in Saudi Arabia

Objectives

The Faculty of Dentistry at King Abdulaziz University (KAU) is planning to develop a master’s program in dental public health (DPH). To develop a curriculum for this program, a needs assessment was conducted in order to identify the level of DPH expertise that currently exists in Saudi Arabia, to identify gaps in knowledge, and to explore current perceptions regarding this type of program.

Methods

A competency-based survey instrument was administered to private and government affiliated dental practitioners in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Participants’ knowledge, attitudes, and competencies in DPH were assessed. In addition, questions were submitted that addressed preferred strategies of teaching, curriculum delivery methods, course content, and prerequisites for DPH. These data were combined with data previously collected from dentists holding academic positions at KAU (n = 146) and were analyzed using Statistical Analysis System version 9.3 software. Mean values and frequencies were calculated for the study variables. Proportional odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were estimated to assess differences in educational preferences and DPH competencies according to age, gender, and qualification.

Results

Most of the participants (95%) reported a need for a DPH graduate program. The respondents had a basic knowledge of DPH and moderate experience in DPH competencies. A variety of preferred educational strategies and methods were identified and differences in educational preferences according to age, gender, and qualification of the respondents were identified. The responses obtained also acknowledged skills and competencies that the participants considered most important for a DPH practice and that would be important for students accepted into a DPH graduate program.

Conclusions

This needs assessment survey represents a preliminary step in establishing a DPH graduate program that addresses current gaps in knowledge and in the practice of public health dentistry. This survey also provided valuable feedback regarding the development of course content for a graduate education program in DPH.     

椅旁健康教育对慢性牙周炎患者维护期口腔卫生状况的影响

目的探讨椅旁健康教育对慢性牙周炎患者维护期口腔卫生状况的影响。方法 120例慢性牙周炎患者随机分为实验组和对照组,均给予洁治、龈下刮治和根面平整,实验组同时给予全面的口腔健康教育。于基线、基线后1、3、6个月检查Quigley-Hein菌斑指数。采用两组完全随机化设计资料均数的t检验分析所得数据。结果基线、基线后1个月时,两组间菌斑指数差异无统计学意义（t0=1.543,P0=0.1227;t1=1.925,P1=0.063）;基线后3、6个月时,实验组菌斑指数显著低于对照组（t3=19.153,P3=0.001;t6=25.265,P6=0.001）。结论实施全面的口腔健康教育可以显著改善牙周炎患者的口腔卫生状况。     

人体口腔微生物组群与牙菌斑生物膜

牙菌斑是由多种微生物组成的生物膜结构,口腔微生物之间的相互作用可以影响牙菌斑生物膜的性质、形成、毒力,以及微生物在生物膜结构中的定位和定植。生物膜内细菌之间存在的信号传导对生物膜的形成及其毒力具有影响。本文重点介绍人体口腔微生物组群与牙菌斑生物膜关系的最新研究进展。     

乳牙菌斑附着部位的分析

目的观察分析全口乳牙的菌斑附着状况。方法应用菌斑染色片对120名5岁幼儿进行乳牙菌斑检查。结果120名儿童PI均值为1.69±0.01,男、女间无显著性差异;上后牙颊面PI最高;乳磨牙菌斑总量高于乳前牙;上颌牙唇颊侧菌斑附着多于腭侧、下颌牙舌侧多于唇颊侧。结论上述菌斑附着多的牙及牙面需强化刷牙。     

Influence of optimal and excluded oral hygiene on early formation of dental plaque on plastic films

Abstract The influence of oral hygiene on early plaque formation has been studied. The amount and structure of dental deposits formed on plastic films were determined at two occasions with or without a preceding period of effective oral hygiene. Six human subjects developed plaque during 4 hours on plastic films applied to the buccal surfaces of premolars and cuspids. The plastic films with adhering deposits were processed for electron microscopy. In presence of healthy gingiva, the plastic films were covered by a surface coating of acellular material in or on which bacteria, epithelial cells and leukocytes were observed. The microorganisms were almost exclusively Gram-positive cocci. When plaque formation was preceded by a week of excluded oral hygiene, the deposits collected on the same teeth exhibited a threefold increase in the number of bacteria. The relative composition of the flora was altered, as evidenced by a higher number of Gram-negative cells as well as the occurrence of rods and filamentous organisms. The results indicate that neglect of oral hygiene favors an earlier establishment of a complex bacterial flora at the dento-gingival region of the buccal surfaces of premolars and cuspids.