阿米福汀在晚期非小细胞肺癌NP方案化疗中的保护作用观察

目的观察阿米福汀在晚期非小细胞肺癌联合去甲长春花碱及顺铂（NP）方案化疗中的保护作用。方法70例晚期非小细胞肺癌患者随机分为观察组和对照组，观察组35例患者于顺铂化疗前15min静脉滴注阿米福汀600mg／m^2，连用2d，同时予NP方案化疗；对照组35例予NP方案化疗。化疗4个周期后评价近期疗效、不良反应。结果观察组有效率为34．3％（12／35），对照组有效率为31．4％（11／35），两组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；观察组发生粒细胞减少（60．0％）和肾功能异常（5．7％）少于对照组（85．7％和20．0％），两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。观察组发生血小板减少、贫血少于对照组，但差异无统计学意义；观察组低血压发生率（8．6％）高于对照组。结论阿米福汀联合NP方案治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌发生粒细胞减少和肾功能异常少见，可减轻化疗不良反应，且耐受性好。     

三维适形放疗、NP方案化疗联合治疗50例局部晚期非小细胞肺癌临床观察

目的 探讨对局部晚期、不能手术的非小细胞肺癌患者应用三维适形放疗、NP方案化疗的治疗效果与安全性.方法 随机将100例局部晚期、不能手术的非小细胞肺癌患者分为观察组(三维适形放疗、NP方案化疗组)、对照组(单纯放疗组)各50例,对两组治疗效果及不良反应进行对比观察.结果 观察组近期治疗有效率明显高于对照组(x2=4.53,P＜ 0.05),随访1年生存率、2年生存率均高于对照组(x2=4.94,P＜0.05;x2=5.77,P＜ 0.05).观察组不良反应较对照组有所增加,但两组间比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 对局部晚期、不能实施手术治疗的非小细胞肺癌患者采用三维适形放疗、NP方案化疗联合治疗近期疗效显著、不良反应可耐受,患者远期生存率高.     

沙利度胺联合NP方案对晚期非小细胞肺癌患者炎症因子和肿瘤标志物的影响

目的研究沙利度胺联合NP方案对晚期非小细胞肺癌患者炎症因子和肿瘤标志物的影响。方法选择2017年5月至2019年5月本院收治的晚期非小细胞肺癌患者70例,依据随机数表法分为对照组和观察组,每组35例。对照组采用NP方案化疗,观察组在对照组基础上联合沙利度胺治疗。比较两组患者的临床疗效、炎症因子及肿瘤标志物水平。结果观察组总客观缓解率为57.14%,高于对照组的31.43%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,观察组血管内皮因子(VEGF)、白介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、细胞角蛋白19片段(CYFRA21-1)及血清癌胚抗原(CEA)水平均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05)。结论沙利度胺联合NP方案治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的客观缓解率较高,能够显著降低炎症因子和肿瘤标志物水平,值得推广。     

参麦注射液联合GP方案治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌疗效观察

目的 观察参麦注射液联合GP(吉西他滨+顺铂)方案治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效和安全性.方法 经组织病理学或细胞学证实初治晚期非小细胞肺癌患者60例随机分为对照组和观察组各30例.对照组给予GP方案化疗,观察组在对照组治疗基础上给予参麦注射液60 mL/次,1次/d,静脉滴注,连用15d.21d为1个周期,3个周期后比较2组近期疗效、生活质量及不良反应发生情况.结果 2组近期疗效比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),观察组生活质量改善优于对照组(P＜0.05),观察组血液毒性和消化道反应发生率低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 参麦注射液联合GP方案治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌可降低化疗引起的不良反应,改善患者生活质量.     

DP化疗方案联合康艾注射液对晚期非小细胞肺癌的控制效果

目的探讨多西他赛+顺铂(DP)化疗方案联合康艾注射液对晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者疾病控制率及生存质量的影响。方法选取该院2014年10月至2017年6月收治的80例晚期NSCLC患者,采用随机抽签法分为观察组和对照组,每组40例。对照组予以DP化疗方案治疗,观察组予以康艾注射液+DP化疗方案治疗。2个化疗周期后,统计两组治疗效果及不良反应发生率,对比两组治疗前后卡氏功能状态(KPS)评分变化。结果观察组疾病控制率为77.50%,优于对照组的50.00%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组白细胞下降、血小板减少、恶心呕吐等不良反应发生率均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05);治疗后观察组KPS评分较对照组高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 DP化疗方案联合康艾注射液治疗可提高晚期非小细胞肺癌患者生存质量,降低不良反应发生率,安全性较高。     

DC-CIK联合化疗治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的近期临床疗效

目的：观察DC-CIK联合化疗治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的近期疗效及不良反应。方法：纳入62例Ⅲ～Ⅳ晚期非小细胞肺癌患者,根据随机数字表将患者随机纳入治疗组和对照组。治疗组采用DC-CIK联合NP化疗方案;对照组采用单纯NP化疗。治疗两个疗程,比较两组患者治疗前后的瘤体大小变化、免疫功能和副反应。结果：治疗组瘤体变化有效率45.16%,与对照组的32.26%比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,治疗组瘤体稳定率83.87%,明显优于对照组的61.29%（P〈0.05）;治疗组治疗后外周血T细胞亚群无明显变化（P〉0.05）,对照组患者治疗后外周血CD3＋、CD4＋细胞比例明显下降（P〈0.05）;治疗组的不良反应与单纯化疗组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论：与单纯化疗相比,应用DC-CIK联合化疗治疗中晚期非小细胞肺癌近期疗效较好,可有效控制瘤体,保护和提高患者细胞免疫功能。     

含铂类联合化疗方案治疗老年晚期非小细胞肺癌的临床研究

目的观察含铂类联合化疗方案治疗老年晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者的临床疗效及不良反应.方法对住院治疗的38例老年晚期非小细胞肺癌患者采用卡铂(CBP)加健择(GEM)和卡铂加去甲长春花碱(NVB)组成二药联合化疗方案(GP,NP)进行化疗,二组病例年龄、性别、病理、病期及Wamofaky评分等具有可比性,按WHO疗效及毒副反应评价标准,完成2个周期以上治疗的患者进行临床疗效及不良反应评估.结果可评价患者为38例,NP组有效率38.9%,中位生存期8.0月,1年生存率33.3%;GP组有效率40%,中位生存期8.2月,1年生存率35%.二组间疗效无显著性差异(P＞0.05).主要毒副反应为骨髓抑制和消化道反应,均能耐受.结论 CBP与GEM、NVB分别组成二药联合方案治疗老年晚期非小细胞肺癌患者的临床疗效较好,不良反应较轻,患者的耐受性好.     

培美曲塞联合顺铂对晚期非小细胞肺癌的化疗效果和血清肿瘤标志物的影响

目的探讨培美曲塞联合顺铂治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的临床疗效和对血清肿瘤标志物的影响。方法选择178例非小细胞肺癌患者随机分为观察组和对照组各89例,对照组采用吉西他滨+顺铂化疗方案,观察组采用培美曲塞+顺铂化疗方案,比较2组患者的化疗效果、不良反应发生率及血清肿瘤标志物水平。结果 2组的临床缓解率和疾病控制率差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);观察组贫血、血小板减少、皮疹、肝功能损害及放射性肺炎的发生率明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);与化疗前相比,2组化疗2个周期后CEA、CA125、NSE及CYFRA21-1水平均明显降低,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论培美曲塞联合顺铂治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的化疗疗效与吉西他滨联合顺铂相当,但不良反应明显减少,且可明显降低患者血清肿瘤标志物水平,值得推广。     

含铂类联合化疗方案治疗老年晚期非小细胞肺癌的临床研究

目的观察含铂类联合化疗方案治疗老年晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者的临床疗效及不良反应。方法对住院治疗的38例老年晚期非小细胞肺癌患者采用卡铂(CBP)加健择(GEM)和卡铂加去甲长春花碱(NVB)组成二药联合化疗方案(GP,NP)进行化疗,二组病例年龄、性别、病理、病期及Wamofaky评分等具有可比性,按WHO疗效及毒副反应评价标准,完成2个周期以上治疗的患者进行临床疗效及不良反应评估。结果可评价患者为38例,NP组有效率38.9%,中位生存期8.0月,1年生存率33.3%;GP组有效率40%,中位生存期8.2月,1年生存率35%。二组间疗效无显著性差异(P>0.05)。主要毒副反应为骨髓抑制和消化道反应,均能耐受。结论CBP与GEM、NVB分别组成二药联合方案治疗老年晚期非小细胞肺癌患者的临床疗效较好,不良反应较轻,患者的耐受性好。     

参芪扶正注射液联合化疗治疗老年晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效观察

目的分析参芪扶正注射液联合化疗治疗老年晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的疗效及不良反应。方法将56例老年患者随机分成两组,单纯化疗组(对照组)28例采用多西他赛75 mg/m2第1 d,顺铂60 mg/m2第1~3 d;联合化疗组(观察组)28例采用化疗方案及剂量同对照组,化疗开始即联合应用参芪扶正注射液250mL,静脉滴注,连续7 d,21 d为一周期,至少治疗3周期。结果观察组有效率为13/28(46.4%),对照组有效率为12/28(42.9%),差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组不良反应发生率、中医证候变化及生活质量均优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论参芪扶正注射液联合化疗可减少老年非小细胞肺癌患者不良反应发生率,减轻不良反应程度,提高患者的耐受性,从而改善老年患者生存质量,具有一定临床意义。     

有性才会有健康

性是基本的人权。根据我国著名的性学家史成礼教授的研究,性有“三大功能”:生育功能、享乐功能和健康功能。     

Communicating with people with dementia

It can be very difficult to communicate with people with dementia. Each case requires its own unique handling. Not every scenario is covered, as many times your own judgment is what will work, best according to the circumstances. These can change from dawn to evening and from day to day. Never assume things will be the way they were the last time you communicated. Be on your guard. Be adaptable. The article will help get you started to think of your own ways to communicate.     

经方汗证治验

临床上汗证病情复杂,分自汗、盗汗、黄汗和但头汗出,治疗汗证方药诸多,有益气固表、养阴清热和清热除湿等方法,疗效不一。受恩师刘健主任教导和《伤寒论》《金匮要略》病脉证并治启发,以脉证并治、方证对应思想,浅谈桂枝加附子汤、黄芪芍药苦酒汤、柴胡桂枝干姜汤和三物黄芩汤治疗汗证的经验,为经方治疗汗证提供新思路。     

Working with patients with physical disabilities

Medical practices need to make a number of adaptations to ensure that their facilities and staff are accessible to patients and other office visitors with physical disabilities. This article describes 10 specific strategies for preparing your medical practice for patients with disabilities, both inside and outside your office. It describes minimum standards for office doorways, sidewalk inclines, ramps, reception areas, and other adaptations medical offices need to make. The article also describes specific do and don't advice for communicating with patients with physical disabilities. It suggests strategies for preparing written materials for disabled patients, for communicating verbally, and for providing healthcare education. Finally, it suggests an appropriate role for medical practice staff in the delivery of healthcare services to patients with physical disabilities.     

Coping with Children with ADHD: Coping Styles of Mothers with Children with ADHD or Challenging Behaviours

Parents of children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) can experience significant levels of stress in their parenting roles, however, little is known about the specific coping strategies used by these parents. This pilot study Investigated the coping strategies used by mothers of children with ADHD. A 34 item questionnaire was developed to identify maternal coping strategies. A cohort of 38 mothers of children with ADHD and a control group of 30 mothers of children without ADHD or any other disability/illness completed the questionnaire. Factor analysis of responses produced three factors: Aggressive/Confrontive Coping, Rational Coping, and Indirect Coping. These factors are similar to coping dimensions proposed by Folkman and Lazarus. Comparisons between the two groups of mothers revealed that mothers of children with ADHD used significantly more Indirect Coping.     

Problems with measuring satisfaction with social care

The measurement of customer satisfaction has become widespread in both healthcare and social care services, and is informative for performance monitoring and service development. Satisfaction with social care services is routinely measured with a single question on overall satisfaction with care, comprising part of the Adult Social Care Survey. The measurement of satisfaction has been problematised, and existing satisfaction measures are known to be under‐theorised. In this article, the process of making an evaluation of satisfaction with social care services is first informed by a literature review of the theoretical background, and second examined through qualitative interviews conducted in 2012–2013 with 82 service users and family carers in Hampshire, Portsmouth and Southampton. Participants in this study were from white British and South Asian backgrounds, and the influence of ethnicity in the process of satisfaction evaluation is discussed. The findings show that the majority of participants selected a positive satisfaction rating even though both positive and negative experiences with services were described in their narratives. It is recommended that surveys provide opportunity for service users and family carers to elaborate on their satisfaction ratings. This addition will provide more scope for services to review their strengths and weaknesses.     

Ending clinical relationships with people with schizophrenia

The potential for the social worker-client relationship to contribute to therapeutic outcomes is not always apparent with clients who have schizophrenia. Their cognitive impairments often make it difficult for these clients to regulate interpersonal boundaries and for social workers to connect with them. Clinical practice is enhanced, however, by recognizing that severely impaired clients have the capacity and desire for relationships with service providers and others. The manner in which the clinical relationship ends is important for maintaining clinical gains and determining whether the client will risk investing in future relationships. The purpose of this article has been to sensitize social workers to the delicate nature of managing the endings of those relationships.