维生素

维生素（vitamin）又名维他命，是维持人体生命活动必需的一类有机物质．也是保持人体健康的重要活性物质。维生素在体内的含量很少，但在人体生长、代谢、发育过程中却发挥着重要的作用。各种维生素的化学结构以及性质虽然不同，但它们却有着以下共同点。     

细菌战影响健康

肠道健康是人体健康的前提,这个前提由肠道内的细菌决定的。正常菌群与人体营养的消化和吸收有着密切的关系,在人的生命活动中起着非常重要的作用,和人的健康长寿有着密切的关系。成人的肠内存在着大约一百种细菌。根据对人体的作用,可以把它们分成两大类,即有益菌和有害菌,它们是一     

守护身体源动力

中医认为肾脏为人体阴阳之根本，是人体生命活动的源动力，所以一个人身体健康与否，与肾脏功能的强弱有直接的关系，因此养肾是非常重要的。     

养护肝脏——肝俞、期门，肝脏功能的守护者

肝是人体最大的腺体,是人体新陈代谢的枢纽之一,也是维持生命活动的重要器官。它除了在糖、脂类、蛋白质、维生素、激素等物质代谢中发挥着重要作用外,还在分泌、排泄、转化等方面起着重要作用。肝脏还是人体的主要解毒器官,具有分解酒精和其他体内毒素的功能,可保护机体免受毒素侵害。     

为什么大脑对缺氧特别敏感

大恼是人体重要的器官。是神经系统最高级部分,也是人体生命的指挥中心、生命中枢,一切生命活动均受大脑调控。     

人体健康的卫士——镁

镁,是人体必需的微量元素,被赞誉为“人体健康的卫士”,在生命活动中,它参与体内所有能量的代谢与转换,是体内325个酶系统的活化剂,对骨骼,牙齿,神经系统,肌肉运动,心脏的正常功能等均有重要作用。     

孕妇宜多吃含锌食物

锌是人体内一种十分重要的微量元素，它参与人体内蛋白质、脂肪、糖、核酸等的合成与代谢，是人体新陈代谢中200多种酶的激活因子，对于生命活动有着举足轻重的作用。     

皮肤美丽一二三

皮肤是人体最大的器官,维持着重要的生命活动。皮肤位于人体体表,是人体的天然外衣,自然构成了人体美的重要标志当然,皮肤衰老也是生命的自然规律任何人都无法抗拒。但是采用科学、有效的美容保健,是可以延缓皮肤衰老的。     

中医养生重在养“气”

中医认为,"气"既是构成人体的基本物质,也是维持人体生命活动的基本物质。《庄子·知北游》"人之生,气之聚也;聚则为生,散则为死"是在强调"气"在人体生命活动中的作用。"气"的生成复杂,来源不一,分类多端。其功能有五:推动、温煦、固摄、防御和气化。"气"之为病有气虚、气郁、气滞、气阻等,心气虚、肺气虚、肝郁气滞、肺气阻塞等。鉴于"气"在人体生命活动中的     

合理补钙预防骨质疏松

对于人体而言，钙是不可或缺的重要物质，钙在人体中的占比约为2%，是人体中的生命元素。在人体内部，绝大部分的钙都沉积于骨骼以及牙齿之中，以维持其形态及硬度，还有1%的钙存在于人体的血液和细胞之中，扮演着调节生理的作用。本文以合理补钙预防骨质疏松为分析对象，希望提升预防骨质疏松的效果，提高生活质量。     

Fitness for work: the need for conducting a job analysis

Ensuring that employees are both physically fit for work by matching their capabilities with the physical requirements of their job, and physically fit for life by promoting health-related physical activities, are important and under-utilized tools in a company's arsenal for reducing absence and ill-health retirement (IHR). Both the Health and Safety at Work Act (1974) and the Disability Discrimination Act (1995) require evidence-based approaches to setting physical and medical employment standards. Proven fitness-related strategies include redesigning the most demanding tasks, selecting and training personnel who possess the necessary physical attributes, and assessing and redeploying personnel to jobs within their capability. An essential precursor to pursuing these strategies is to conduct a job analysis to quantify the physical demands of the job.     

微量元素碘与人体健康的关系

碘是人类必需的微量元素,是人体合成甲状腺激素的主要原料,维持一定水平的甲状腺激素对保证机体正常发育、尤其是脑发育,以及生命活动有着重要作用。碘摄入量过低或过高均会对人体健康带来危害,因此,适宜的碘摄入在碘缺乏病防治中具有重要的意义。     

Do capability and functioning differ? A study of U.K. survey responses

A core feature of the capability approach is that a person's capabilities (what they are able to do and be in their life) can differ from their functionings (what they actually do and are in their life). However, the degree to which capability and functioning differ in practice is unclear. This paper investigates this issue, focusing on capability and functioning differences (CFD) across different aspects of life and different individuals. In the study, the ICECAP‐A capability questionnaire was modified to measure both functionings and capabilities and was completed by U.K.‐based convenience sample of 943 people. Around one third of people reported CFD in at least one area of their life, most commonly in terms of their “achievement.” People were more likely to report CFD when they had a degree‐level education and when they had impaired health. An additional finding was that capability varied more with education whereas functioning varied more with health status. This finding needs further examination, but it suggests that the choice of evaluative space may influence how priorities are set for public spending.     

“A forward movement into life”: A qualitative study of how,why and when physical activity may benefit depression

Physical activity can help manage depression, but little is known about how, why and when it ‘works’. Few studies have used qualitative methods to explore the change process, which could identify new hypothesised mechanisms and moderators. This qualitative, grounded theory study aimed to elucidate the change process by exploring physical activity experiences among individuals with self-reported and diagnosed depression or low mood who felt it had or had not helped their mood. Twenty-six individuals recruited from one general practice and elsewhere were interviewed about their physical activity experiences. The participants felt physical activity helped their depression through providing a sense of engagement in life and the present, but, as the participants with negative or mixed positive and negative physical activity experiences particularly highlighted, the activity needs to be pleasant and enjoyable to be beneficial. For some, these positive physical activity experiences led them to knowing being active would make them feel good, making it self-reinforcing. This represented a shift from extrinsic to intrinsic motivations, which helped them overcome barriers to being active, and some began to use physical activity to self-manage symptoms. We conclude that physical activity may help depression through people feeling more pleasantly engaged in life and that pleasant activities are important in treating depression. Practitioners could encourage individuals to take part in enjoyable physical activities to enhance the depression response and to increase adherence through the development of intrinsic motivations. New hypothesised mediators include enjoyment (also a moderator), reduced anhedonia, and increased flow and mindfulness.     

Aesthetic engagements: "being" in everyday life with advanced cancer

Living with advanced cancer can present an overwhelming challenge. It may impact the everyday life of the individual with respect to an array of psychological, physical, social, and existential issues. We focus on ways in which people with advanced cancer experience and use their engagement in daily activities when confronting nearing death. Through a phenomenological analysis based on Heidegger's thinking, we illuminate the complexities of "being toward death" and the human striving for authentic being through engagement in daily living. The main findings demonstrate how sensory experiences support being through an appreciation of everyday aesthetics. Furthermore, the making of material things was identified as a means to express the value of self and others in relation to the involved individual's past, present, and future.     

健康教育路径在乳腺癌患者护理中的应用

目的：探讨围手术期计划性健康教育,对乳腺癌患者减少并发症,减轻上肢功能障碍,改善日常生活能力的作用。方法：对60例乳腺癌手术患者进行全程计划性、连续性健康教育方式。结果：在患者肢体功能锻炼,日常生活活动能力以及上肢水肿发生率均取得满意效果。结论：应用全程的计划性、连续性健康教育,可提高乳腺癌手术患者参与患肢功能锻炼的积极性,减少并发症以及患侧上肢功能障碍的发生率。     

A survey of physicians' knowledge and application of AIDS prevention capabilities

Currently, no effective immunization prevents AIDS and no curative treatment exists for the AIDS patient. However, sufficient knowledge of the pathophysiology of this disease exists to prevent its spread. Effective application of this capability requires that health care providers secure and apply this knowledge. This study reports the results of a national survey of family physicians' knowledge and application of AIDS prevention capabilities. The Comprehensive Prevention Knowledge Applications Survey Instrument was used for the survey. It revealed that, in contrast to other prevention activities, respondents (n = 765) reported low use of practices important in AIDS prevention. For example, only 18% routinely obtain sexual histories from patients seen regularly, and, of those obtaining these histories, fewer than 20% routinely obtain information regarding high-risk activities. Over 40% do not routinely ask about homosexual activities, and almost 60% omit questions about intravenous drug use, even though the patient has symptoms suggesting AIDS in both instances. Methods of enhancing application of available capabilities may focus on expanded education and intervention activities.     

Constraints and facilitators to participation in physical activity in teenagers with Developmental Co‐ordination Disorder: an exploratory interview study

Background Despite their movement difficulties, youngsters with Developmental Co‐ordination Disorder (DCD) generally have sufficient capability for physical activity. However, they tend to be less physically active and less physically fit than their well co‐ordinated age peers. The aim of this study was to use qualitative research methods to understand which factors constrain and facilitate participation in physical activity in teenagers with DCD, in order to help inform future health promotion programmes. Method Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with eight teenagers with DCD (aged 13–15) and their parents. The interviews focused on how much physical activity was typically undertaken by the child and the perceived constraints and facilitators to being physically active. Interviews were transcribed and subjected to categorical‐content analysis. Results Half of the children and all but one of the parents reported that the children did little physical activity. Although most children disliked competitive team games, they reported many physical activities that they did enjoy and they reported wanting to be more physically active. Perceived internal constraints to participation included poor motor skill, lack of motivation and reports of fatiguing easily. Perceived external constraints included difficulty travelling to activities, negative comments from peers and teachers' lack of understanding of DCD. Conclusions Reports of low levels of physical activity support previous literature and are a cause for concern for this group. The teenagers expressed the desire to be more active, yet the interviews revealed both personal and environmental constraints to engagement in physical activity. It is clear that these factors interact in a dynamic way and that teachers, schools and communities play an important role in creating a motivational environment for youngsters with DCD to engage in physical activity and learn to maintain an active lifestyle as they move into adulthood.