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流行病学调查及临床资料发析显示在目前发现的70余种人乳头瘤病毒(Human papilloma virus,HPV)型别中约有20余种与女性生殖道病变有关,尤以宫颈癌的发病与HPV感染的关系更引起人们的重视.且有文献表明,HPV是宫颈癌发生的有效决定因素,其中HPV16/18型是与宫颈癌发病有关的最常见的高危型别〔1~3〕.本文对我院的宫颈癌病人中HPV感染的情况进行检测,对HPV感染及类型与宫颈癌发病的关系进行探讨. 相似文献
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目的了解深圳市妇女子宫颈人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染流行病学特征。方法应用聚合酶链反应(PCR)结合反向寡核苷酸探针斑点杂交技术对深圳市妇幼保健院近5年参加子宫颈癌筛查的HPV感染者基因亚型进行分析。结果参加宫颈癌筛查9683人,HPV阳性1455例,感染率为14.5%,平均年龄为(34.1±9.0)岁。25岁以下年龄组感染率明显高于其他年龄组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。2009-2010年感染率显著高于2006-2008年,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。前3位高危基因亚型是HPV16(22.4%)、52(12.1%)、58(11.3%);2联及以上混合感染178例,占12.2%;混合感染前10位HPV基因亚型构成中以高危基因亚型为主;从低年龄组到高年龄组,HPV多重基因亚型混合感染发生率呈现明显下降趋势(趋势χ2=32.350,P<0.01)。结论深圳市女性人群HPV阳性率较高,不同时期存在差异;在常见的高危亚型中,HPV18并不占主导地位;低年龄组HPV感染率和多重基因亚型混合感染率高;混合感染中以高危亚型联合其他基因型感染为主。 相似文献
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目的 探究陕西地区育龄期女性人乳头瘤病毒感染流行病学相关情况.方法 采用分层随机抽样法选取2015年1月至2020年1月陕西地区育龄期女性16705例,同期体检健康者857例作为对照组.通过问卷调查方式获取患者一般资料,危险因素采用单因素及多因素logistic分析.结果 16705例育龄期女性检出人乳头瘤病毒感染率2... 相似文献
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目的 对新疆生产建设兵团(新疆兵团)各师的已婚女性进行人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染及宫颈病变进行筛查。方法 以新疆生产建设兵团各师所有常住(居住≥6个月)已婚妇女为研究对象开展HPV感染及宫颈癌筛查。采用描述流行病学分析方法对筛查结果进行分析,并采用单、多因素分析方法对HPV感染影响因素进行分析。结果 2018—2019年共对49 154名新疆生产建设兵团已婚女性进行HPV感染及宫颈癌筛查,年龄35~64岁,平均年龄(48.09±6.51)岁。一师、二师、三师1分别占45.30%、27.63%、27.07%。以汉族为主,占81.85%。共检出HPV阳性人数4 022例,阳性率为8.18%,CINⅠ 288例、CINⅡ-Ⅲ 64例,宫颈癌18例,宫颈癌患病率为0.04%。其中宫颈浸润癌-鳞癌11例(22.30%),宫颈原位腺癌7例(14.19%)。以HPV16(2 082例,占51.77%)和HPV18(923例,占22.95%)为主,感染率分别是4.24%、1.88%。多因素分析结果显示,与三师已婚女性相比,一师(OR=1.389)和二师(OR=1.231)的已婚女性HPV感染风险较高。与35~44岁已婚女性相比,55~64岁(OR=1.354)已婚女性HPV感染的风险较高。结论 新疆生产建设兵团各师已婚女性HPV感染率相对较低,且呈单一感染的特点。地区、年龄与HPV感染紧密相关,与宫颈病变严重程度不相关。 相似文献
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宫颈癌是最常见的妇科恶性肿瘤之一,在女性恶性肿瘤中发病率仅次于乳腺癌.宫颈涂片、液基薄层细胞检测及人乳头瘤病毒检测等举措已经大大提高了宫颈癌的检出率,但其仅仅是宫颈癌的筛查手段而非预防或治疗措施.因此,研制高效人乳头瘤病毒疫苗以预防和治疗人乳头瘤病毒感染及其导致的良、恶性病变,尤其是宫颈癌,具有十分重要的意义.目前该疫苗分为3类:预防性疫苗、治疗性疫苗及嵌合疫苗.然而疫苗的研制和发展仍需更大样本的观察,此外,接种成本无疑也是有待解决的难题. 相似文献
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<正>宫颈癌是妇科常见的恶性肿瘤,占妇科恶性肿瘤之首,在发展中国家及发达国家的少数民族中发病率较高,可能与这些民族的文化差异、社会经济状态、卫生条件差异、缺乏健康知识等因素有一定的关系。人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染已被证明是宫颈癌的直接病因,HPV诱发宫颈癌通常要经历感染、感染长期持续、诱发癌前病变、进展为浸润癌的过程[1]。世界范围内的研究结果显示,不同HPV亚 相似文献
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宫颈癌是女性常见的恶性肿瘤,仅次于乳腺癌,人乳头瘤病毒感染是其形成过程中的重要条件,但大多数感染人乳头瘤病毒的妇女可自行缓解,仅少数妇女持续感染并发展为宫颈上皮内瘤变、宫颈癌,说明宫颈癌的发生过程中还存在其他的协同因素.宫颈癌的治疗方法近年来无重大突破,因此,重点在于癌前病变的筛查及预防.目前人乳头瘤病毒疫苗的问世为宫颈癌的防治带来了希望,已经成为一个研究热点.该文就人乳头瘤病毒感染与宫颈癌的发生关系及人乳头瘤病毒疫苗的研究进展作了系统的回顾. 相似文献
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Beliefs about cervical cancer and human papillomavirus (HPV) and acceptability of HPV vaccination among Chinese women in Hong Kong 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Lee PW Kwan TT Tam KF Chan KK Young PM Lo SS Cheung AN Ngan HY 《Preventive medicine》2007,45(2-3):130-134
OBJECTIVE: To assess the knowledge and beliefs on cervical cancer and HPV infection and to evaluate the acceptability of HPV vaccination among Chinese women. METHODS: Seven focus groups were conducted with ethnic Chinese women aged 18-25 (n=20), 26-35 (n=13), and 36 and above (n=16) in a community women's health clinic in Hong Kong in 2006. The discussions were audio taped, transcribed and analyzed. Recurrent themes related to cervical cancer, HPV infection and vaccination were highlighted. RESULTS: Diverse conceptions on likely causes of cervical cancer were noted, covering biological, psychological, environmental, lifestyle and sexual factors. Most women had not heard of HPV and its mode of transmission. The participants had difficulties understanding and accepting the linkage between cervical cancer and the sexually transmitted HPV infection. HPV infection was seen as personally stigmatizing with significant adverse impact on self-esteem and significant relationships. Participants favored HPV vaccination both for themselves and their teenage daughters if authoritative endorsement was provided. CONCLUSION: Inadequate knowledge and misconceptions on cervical cancer and HPV were common. Most participants welcomed and favored having HPV vaccination. Apart from promoting HPV vaccination, cervical cancer prevention should also include strategies to promote knowledge and minimize the stigmatizing effect of a sexually transmitted HPV infection. 相似文献
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Rama CH Roteli-Martins CM Derchain SF Longatto-Filho A Gontijo RC Sarian LO Syrjänen K Aldrighi JM 《Revista de saúde pública》2008,42(1):123-130
OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of high-risk genital human papillomavirus (HPV) infection by age group and risk factors associated. METHODS: Cross-sectional study in a sample of 2,300 women (15-65 years old) who self-referred to cervical cancer screening in Sao Paulo and Campinas, Southeastern Brazil, between February 2002 and March 2003. An epidemiological questionnaire was applied and cervical specimens were obtained for cytology and hybrid capture II test (HCII) for HPV detection. Statistical analysis included Pearson Chi-square and unconditional multiple logistic regression model (forward likelihood ratio). RESULTS: High-risk genital HPV infection prevalence in this sample was 17.8% and age distribution was as follows: 27.1% (<25 years), 21.3% (25-34 years), 12.1% (35-44 years), 12.0% (45-54 years) and 13.9% (55-65 years). Subjects with the highest number of lifetime sexual partners had the highest rates of genital HPV infection. To be living with a partner, aged 35 to 44 years, and former smokers were protective factors. High-risk genital HPV infection was 14.3% in normal cytology, 77.8% in high grade squamous intraepithelial lesions and in the two cases (100%) of cervical cancer. CONCLUSIONS: High-risk HPV prevalence was high in the sample studied. The highest prevalence of HPV infection was seen in women under 25 years old and then a new increase was seen over the age of 55 and the highest rates were found among those with many sexual partners during their lifetime. 相似文献
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宫颈癌高发区妇女HPV感染及影响因素分析 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:2
目的 了解宫颈癌高发区妇女高危型人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染及其相关影响因素,为宫颈癌筛查、疫苗研制提供基础资料。方法 选取湖北省五峰县20~65岁智力正常已婚女性1 032人,进行问卷调查;采用阴道镜检查和实时荧光定量PCR法对宫颈脱落细胞样本进行HPV感染型别鉴定和DNA定量检测;应用SPSS 13.0软件对资料进行分析比较及描述性分析。结果 1 032例女性中,检出4例宫颈癌,患病率为3.88‰;宫颈脱落细胞标本1 032例中,HPV阳性123例,感染率为11.92%;20~25岁和51~55岁年龄组感染率较高,分别为16.67%(3/18)和14.46%(12/83),>55岁感染率较低,为8.62%(5/58);HPV感染阳性中,HPV 16型占25.18%(34/135),52型21.95%(27/123,),58型21.14%(26/123,),18/45型为8.15%(11/135);HPV阳性与HPV阴性妇女的初次性交年龄、初婚年龄、初产年龄、孕次、产次及性伴侣数等差异均无统计学意义。结论 HPV16、52、58型在该地区感染率较高;婚育及性行为等因素与HPV感染无明显相关性;病毒DNA载量与病情轻重的关系尚需进一步研究。 相似文献
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介绍传播动力学模型在HPV疫苗药物经济学评价中的应用和计算方法,以期为更好的HPV疫苗经济性评价提供参考。将人群分为n个年龄组和L个性活动层次,建立常微分方程组模拟HPV16/18两种病毒感染在人群中的传播和相关疾病的发生,并结合二价疫苗接种的保护效率对疾病预防健康产出进行评估。传播动力学模型是动态进展模型,较Markov等静态进展模型模拟结果更符合实际,但也因为需要参数多,且部分关键参数在我国暂无大规模人群调研数据,因此用于经济学评价时证据质量受到一定影响。在HPV疫苗等传播性疾病干预产品的经济性评价中采用传播动力学模型以获取更精确的证据,在目前参数不全的情况下,建议暂时以邻国数据等方式替代。 相似文献
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目的调研唐山地区人乳头状瘤病毒(HPV)16、18感染与宫颈癌的关系。方法 PCR检测病例组(103例)和对照组(115例)宫颈组织中HPV16、18并对病理类型、年龄段和吸烟分层分析。结果在病例组和对照组中HPV16、18、16/18感染率分别为57.3%、1.0%、17.5%和19.1%、0、1.7%,HPV16、16/18感染率在两组中比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同病理类型HPV16、18、16/18感染率依次为宫颈鳞癌69.2%、1.2%、11.9%,腺癌6.7%、0、46.7%,腺鳞癌仅有HPV16/18混合感染1例;病例组中不同年龄段(A组:<40岁、B组:41~55岁、C组:>56岁)HPV16/18总感染率分别为A:53.3%、B:48.2%、C:36.4%,两两比较差异无统计学意义;在吸烟组与不吸烟组中,HPV16、18、16/18感染率和HPV16/18总感染率分别为61.2%、2.0%、20.4%、83.7%和53.7%、0、14.8%、68.5%,差异无统计学意义。结论唐山地区HPV16和HPV16/18混合感染与宫颈癌密切相关,HPV16是导致鳞癌的主要亚型,HPV16、18混合感染主要导致腺癌,年龄和吸烟与HPV16、18及HPV16/18混合感染无关。 相似文献
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Canfell K Shi JF Lew JB Walker R Zhao FH Simonella L Chen JF Legood R Smith MA Nickson C Qiao YL 《Vaccine》2011,29(13):2487-2494
Comprehensive evaluation of the cost-effectiveness of HPV vaccination in China has not previously been performed. The objective of this study was to evaluate vaccination as an alternative or addition to primary HPV screening with careHPV (Qiagen, Gaithersburg, USA), and to assess the threshold total cost per vaccinated girl (CVG) at which strategies involving vaccination would become viable compared to screening-only strategies in rural China. We used data from field studies in Shanxi Province to support modelling of HPV vaccination and screening, including local information on sexual behaviour, HPV prevalence, test accuracy, treatment protocols and costs. We evaluated several strategies involving screening once or twice per lifetime or at regular 5-yearly intervals, with or without vaccination of young females at age 15 years, assuming 70% coverage for both screening and vaccination. We also predicted cross-sectional cancer incidence each year to the year 2050 for a range of strategies. We found that strategies involving vaccination would be cost-effective at CVGs of US$50-54 or less, but at CVGs >$54, screening-only strategies would be more cost-effective. If vaccination of young cohorts is combined with two rounds of careHPV screening for women aged 30-59 years in 2012 and 2027, a predicted indicative 33% reduction in cervical cancer incidence by 2030 would be sustained until 2050, with incidence rates decreasing thereafter. In conclusion, taking into account estimated vaccine delivery costs (for 3 doses), a per-dose HPV vaccine cost of approximately <$9-14 would be required for strategies involving vaccination to be cost-effective. Overall, combined screening and vaccination approaches are required to maximise outcomes in rural China. 相似文献
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《中国妇幼保健》2019,(20)
目的探讨新疆维吾尔族人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染妇女的生命质量,为推进宫颈癌筛查工作及制定防治政策提供客观依据。方法采用典型抽样方法选取新疆喀什地区泽普县10个乡341例维吾尔族妇女作为研究对象,采用自制问卷和维文版欧洲五维健康量表EQ-5D量表对其进行面对面的问卷调查。结果新疆喀什地区维吾尔族HPV感染阳性和阴性妇女生命质量各维度存在问题比例最多的是疼痛/不适,分别为59. 3%和60. 2%,其次是焦虑/抑郁维度存在问题比例较多,分别是54. 8%,54. 9%;两组的EQ-5D健康效用值均值分别为0. 784和0. 767,VAS评分中位数均是80. 00;在35岁年龄段,HPV阴性妇女的健康效用值高于HPV阳性妇女,差异有统计学意义(F=7. 843,P=0. 013)。结论新疆喀什地区维吾尔族HPV感染阳性和阴性妇女的生命质量相近,但整体健康相关生命质量相对较低,提示政府在制定政策时应因地制宜,加强健康教育。 相似文献