299例人类免疫缺陷病毒感染者生命质量的调查

目的用定性访谈和36条目简明量表（short form-36,SF-36）定量调查的方法研究人类免疫缺陷病毒（human immunodeficiency virus,HIV）感染者的生命质量,评价HIV感染者的敌意心理趋势。方法在四川、湖北和贵州抽取299例HIV感染者,用SF-36调查其生命质量,并进行信度效度分析。对感染者和防治人员进行访谈,以了解感染者目前最关注的内容。SF-36曾用于与本次调查对象具有相似经济文化背景的四川普通农村居民（1603例）,将两次调查的结果进行比较。通过与相关专家及防治人员进行小组讨论,设计7个条目以评价感染者的敌意心理趋势。结果SF-36共有8个维度,各维度内部一致性信度系数范围0．75～0．90,重测信度系数范围0．54～0．80（40例）。条目与其维度的相关系数范围为0．46～0．97。HIV感染者各个维度平均得分在28．50～77．87之间,四川普通农村居民各个维度平均得分在70．27～91．87之间,各维度得分经Mann-Whitneytest检验,U值在-17．43～-23．87之间,P值均〈0．01。评价敌意心理趋势的7个条目平均得分范围为46．21～82．89。结论HIV感染带来生命质量的严重恶化。SF-36可用于HIV感染者生命质量的研究。     

SF-36在中国HIV感染者中应用的信度和效度

[目的]探讨36条目简明量表（SF-36）在中国人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染者中应用的信度和效度.[方法]用SF-36对344名HIV感染者进行调查,对结果进行统计分析.[结果]各个维度内部一致性性度较好,克朗巴赫α系数都大于0.7.重测信度系数有4个维度低于0.7,其中在躯体功能（PF）维度低于0.6.除了总体健康成维率为94.3%外,其他维度中各条目的成维成功率均为100%.SF-36的8个维度均可以区分HIV感染者及与其具有相似经济文化背景的普通农村居民.急性感染和无症状潜伏期的感染者,在8个维度的得分明显高于出现综合征和典型疾病期的病人.[结论]SF-36用于测量中国HIV感染者的生命质量时,具有可接受的信度和效度.     

肿瘤患者生命质量测定量表EORTC QLQ-C30维文版评价北大核心CSCD

目的 评价恶性肿瘤患者维文版的生命质量测定量表EORTC QLQ-C30信度和效度。方法 通过量表的翻译、回译及文化调适制定维文版的EORTC QLQ-C30,通过对497例恶性肿瘤患者进行的生命质量测定对量表进行评价,分析量表的内部一致性、重测信度、内容效度、区分效度和结构效度等指标。结果 问卷各维度的Cronbach’sα系数为0.663-0.824,第一次测量和第二次测量的配对t检验的P值均大于0.05,重测信度较好;各维度的内部信度系数均≥0.7。各维度间相关系数较小,均小于各个维度内的系数,说明问卷有良好的内容效度和区分效度。结构效度中,经因子分析,各主因子中各条目与其主成分大致相符;反应度评价比较第一次和第三次测定间的得分均数,大部分维度的P值都小于0.05,尚需进一步研究。结论 维文版生命质量量表具有良好的信度和效度,可以应用于新疆公共卫生和其他医学领域。     

肿瘤患者生命质量测定量表EORTC QLQ-C30维文版评价

目的评价恶性肿瘤患者维文版的生命质量测定量表EORTC QLQ-C30信度和效度。方法通过量表的翻译、回译及文化调适制定维文版的EORTC QLQ-C30,通过对497例恶性肿瘤患者进行的生命质量测定对量表进行评价,分析量表的内部一致性、重测信度、内容效度、区分效度和结构效度等指标。结果问卷各维度的Cronbach’sα系数为0.663~0.824,第一次测量和第二次测量的配对t检验的P值均大于0.05,重测信度较好;各维度的内部信度系数均≥0.7。各维度间相关系数较小,均小于各个维度内的系数,说明问卷有良好的内容效度和区分效度。结构效度中,经因子分析,各主因子中各条目与其主成分大致相符;反应度评价比较第一次和第三次测定间的得分均数,大部分维度的P值都小于0.05,尚需进一步研究。结论维文版生命质量量表具有良好的信度和效度,可以应用于新疆公共卫生和其他医学领域。     

NAPPA-QOL中文版的跨文化调适

目的 对英文版的NAPPA - QOL进行跨文化调适,建立NAPPA - QOL量表中文版,并对其信度和效度进行初步评价。方法 对NAPPA - QOL英文版进行正向翻译、综合协调、反向翻译、专家委员会评议,形成中文NAPPA - QOL预试验版。使用预试验版对30例指（趾）甲银屑病患者进行预调查,进一步修订量表,建立正式中文版NAPPA - QOL。通过访谈患者评价NAPPA - QOL量表表面效度和内容效度,采用Cronbach’s α系数和分半信度评价内部一致性,Spearman相关分析检验聚合效度。结果 30例患者中有27例（90.0%）对所有条目完全理解;NAPPA - QOL中文版总分和3个维度的Cronbach’s α系数在0.77～0.91之间,分半信度为0.80。除条目1和13外,其余条目与所在维度的相关系数均＞0.5,而与其他维度的相关系数则较弱。结论 跨文化调适后的NAPPA - QOL中文版具有较好的信度和效度,适用于中国文化背景下指（趾）甲银屑病患者的生存质量评估。下一步可对中文版NAPPA - QOL量表的测量性能进行大样本数据采集和评估。     

生命质量8条简明量表中文版开发及其性能评价

[目的]开发用于测量生命质量的8条目简明量表（SF-8）中文版本，并检验其信度和效度。[方法]采用翻译与回译两个步骤开发SF-8中文版本：采用现况调查用SF-8中文版本测量部分成都市居民生命质量，计算量表的内部一致性信度，并以SF-36为校标计算SF-8量表的校标效度，运用因子分析评价其结构效度。[结果]SF-8量表的克朗巴赫α系数为0．749；SF-8量表测量结果与SF-36的总分相关系数为0．559，各维度相关系数范围在0．339～0．539之间；因子分析共提取出3个公因子，即心理健康、生理健康和总体健康，累计贡献率为71．71％。[结论]SF-8量表具有较好的信度和效度，可以在中国人群中应用。但在应用时也要注意调查对结果灵敏度的要求。     

修订版产前应对量表的汉化及信效度评价

目的汉化并初步评价修订版产前应对量表(Nu PCI)在孕妇群体中应用的信效度。方法遵循量表翻译原则,对英文版Nu PCI量表进行翻译、回译和文化调适,形成中文版Nu PCI量表。于2017年10月-2018年2月采用方便抽样方法选取在天津市某三甲医院产科及某社区卫生服务中心妇产科门诊进行规律产检的210例孕妇进行问卷调查。采用临界比值法、相关性分析对量表进行项目分析,采用因子分析法评价量表结构效度,采用Nu PCI得分与简易应对方式量表得分的相关性评价量表的校标关联效度,采用Cronbach'sα系数、重测信度评价量表信度。结果中文版Nu PCI共包含30个条目,经探索性因子分析共获得4个公因子,分别命名为逃避(12个条目)、计划准备—心理(7个条目)、计划准备—知识(7个条目)、灵性—积极应对(4个条目),各条目在相应主成分载荷均0. 400,累计方差贡献率为61. 247%。总量表的内部一致性Cronbach'sα系数为0. 919,各维度的Cronbach'sα系数为0. 767~0. 929;总量表的重测信度为0. 914,各维度的重测信度为0. 876~0. 931。结论中文版Nu PCI量表具有良好的信效度,适用于中国孕妇群体产前应对方式的测量和评价。     

新兵集训期应激事件量表的信度和效度研究

目的研制适合我军新入伍士兵集训期间使用的应激事件量表,并评价其信度和效度。方法课题组在某新兵团对调查对象进行了结构式访谈,结合专家意见及文献调研,构建了包括4个维度、14个条目的新兵集训期应激事件量表,并对量表进行信度和效度检验。量表的信度检验采用分半信度、重测信度和内部一致性信度(克朗巴赫α系数),效度检验采用探索性因子分析、验证性因子分析和内部相关性分析。结果本文中1355例新兵研究对象的量表总得分为(20.34±6.66)分,得分范围0~37分。量表各条目得分及其与总分间的相关系数在0.196~0.494之间(P0.01)。量表的内部一致性信度为0.765,分半信度为0.743,两周后重测信度为0.830。对1355例样本进行探索性因子分析发现,KMO值为0.729,Bartlett的球形检验值为1 039.757,提取了4个因子(生活环境适应因子、训练科目适应因子、人际适应因子和精神适应因子),负荷矩阵显示量表的结构效度良好。对重测样本进行验证性因子分析发现模型拟合较好。4个因子得分与量表总得分之间的相关系数在0.365~0.799之间(P0.01),说明具有较好的内容效度。结论本研究所研发的新兵集训期应激事件量表可用于检测新入伍士兵在集训期间发生的应激事件,帮助部队在集训期间更好地开展心理辅导工作。统计分析结果表明本量表的信效度良好,在新兵人群中具有较好的适用性。     

中文版Olweus欺负问卷同胞欺负信效度评价

目的对中文版Olweus欺负问卷(OBVQ)进行修订形成Olweus欺负问卷(同胞版)并评价其信度和效度,为我国儿童青少年同胞欺负的现况分析提供调查工具。方法利用分层整群抽样法选取湖南省1 559名8～18岁的儿童青少年,采用OBVQ(同胞版)、青少年侵害问卷(JVQ)调查其同胞欺负行为的发生情况。通过分析结构效度、效标效度、分半信度、重测信度和内部一致性信度对OBVQ(同胞版)进行信度和效度评价。结果 OBVQ(同胞版)的12个条目与所在维度的相关系数为0.425～0.697(P 0.001),表明量表项目区分度较好。验证因子分析GFI=0.911,RMSEA=0.103,说明量表结构效度良好。OBVQ(同胞版)受欺负维度得分与JVQ受同胞欺负维度相关系数为0.453(P 0.001),提示量表效标效度较好。总量表、受欺负维度和欺负维度的内部一致性信度Cronbach′sα系数分别为0.832、0.764和0.777;分半信度分别为0.675、0.729和0.761;重测信度分别为0.841、0.867和0.891,说明量表的信度良好。结论 Olweus欺负问卷(同胞版)的信度和效度评价结果较为理想,可用于调查我国儿童青少年同胞欺负的发生情况。     

医生版Jefferson同理心量表的信度与效度分析

目的考核医生版Jefferson同理心量表的信度与效度。方法抽取辽宁省内6家三级甲等医院的临床医生933人,采用医生版Jefferson同理心量表及基本信息问卷进行调查。随机抽取60人在4周后进行重测,评定量表的重测信度;Cronbach’α系数考察量表的内部一致性;用探索性因子分析考察量表的结构效度;计算各条目与各维度之间的Pearson相关系数(r)来分析量表的内容效度。结果医生版Jefferson同理心量表Cronbach’α系数为0.796,重测相关系数为0.78;探索性因子分析结果显示,观点选择、情感关怀、换位思考三个因子的累计方差贡献率为72.128%,说明量表的结构效度较好。结论医生版Jefferson同理心量表的信度及效度较好,能够真实地反映出临床医生的同理心水平现状。     

《大学生预防艾滋病知识与能力》调查问卷信度与效度分析

目的评价自行设计《大学生预防艾滋病知识与能力》调查问卷的信度和效度。方法随机选择天津外国语学院205名大学生作为调查对象,并对同一人群进行2次问卷调查,计算该问卷的内部一致性、重测信度和结构效度。结果该问卷的6个模块中,大部分模块Cronbach’s系数>0.6,70%的题目重测一致率在0.7或Spearman等级相关系数>0.4。结构效度较好,11个公因子可解释问卷全部内容的60%。结论该问卷的信度和效度较好,可用于评价大学生预防艾滋病知识与能力水平。     

QUOTE-HIV: an instrument for assessing quality of HIV care from the patients' perspective

Background: An HIV-specific version of the QUOTE questionnaire was developed to measure the quality of care of patients infected with HIV from the patients' perspective. The consistency and validity of the questionnaire was assessed.

Methods: Focus group discussions were held to select aspects for inclusion in the questionnaire that are important to patients with HIV. Item and inter-item analysis, factor analysis, and reliability analysis were performed to test the internal consistency and validity of the questionnaire.

Results: Twenty seven items (13 generic and 14 HIV specific) were used in the QUOTE-HIV questionnaire. Separate factor analyses of the generic and HIV specific aspects indicated that each loaded onto a single factor. The internal consistency of the total questionnaire was good (Cronbach's alpha ≥0.80). Feasibility of the questionnaire was shown by the diversity of importance and performance scores for general practitioners as well as for HIV specialists and AIDS nursing consultants.

Conclusion: The QUOTE-HIV questionnaire is a useful instrument for measuring the quality of care from the perspective of HIV infected patients.

     

Psychometric Assessment of the Multidimensional Quality of Life Questionnaire for Persons with HIV/AIDS (MQOL-HIV) in a Sample of HIV-Infected Women

Since the late 1980s, several HIV-specific quality of life instruments have been developed; however, little testing has been done in terms of their validity and reliability for HIV-infected women. The purpose of this study was to test the content validity, concurrent validity, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability of the Multidimensional Quality of Life Questionnaire for Persons with HIV/AIDS (MQOL-HIV) in a sample of 85 HIV-infected women. The MQOL-HIV is a 40-item scale comprised of 10 dimensions. Most of the items and all of the domains were determined content valid but revision of some of the items and domains is recommended. Concurrent validity was measured between the MQOL-HIV and the MOS-HIV and ranged from 0.51-0.81 between similar domains. Of the 10 domains and the entire instrument, 7 had a Cronbach's alpha over 0.70 (range 0.43-0.92). Eight domains and the entire instrument achieved test-retest correlation coefficients over 0.70 (range 0.60-0.96). Although some revision may make the scale more content-valid for HIV-infected women, given due care in the interpretation of results, the MQOL-HIV can be used with female populations in its current form.     

Reliability and validity of the short form of the child health questionnaire for parents (CHQ-PF28) in large random school based and general population samples

STUDY OBJECTIVES: This study assessed the feasibility, reliability, and validity of the 28 item short child health questionnaire parent form (CHQ-PF28) containing the same 13 scales, but only a subset of the items in the widely used 50 item CHQ-PF50. DESIGN: Questionnaires were sent to a random regional sample of 2040 parents of schoolchildren (4-13 years); in a random subgroup test-retest reliability was assessed (n = 234). Additionally, the study assessed CHQ-PF28 score distributions and internal consistencies in a nationwide general population sample of (parents of) children aged 4-11 (n = 2474) from Statistics Netherlands. MAIN RESULTS: Response was 70%. In the school and general population samples seven scales showed ceiling effects. Both CHQ summary measures and one multi-item scale showed adequate internal consistency in both samples (Cronbach's alpha>0.70). One summary measure and one scale showed excellent test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient >0.70); seven scales showed moderate test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient 0.50-0.70). The CHQ could discriminate between a subgroup with no parent reported chronic conditions (n = 954) and subgroups with asthma (n = 134), frequent headaches (n = 42), and with problems with hearing (n = 38) (Cohen's effect sizes 0.12-0.92; p<0.05 for 39 of 42 comparisons). CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that the CHQ-PF28 resulted in score distributions, and discriminative validity that are comparable to its longer counterpart, but that the internal consistency of most individual scales was low. In community health applications, the CHQ-PF28 may be an acceptable alternative for the longer CHQ-PF50 if the summary measures suffice and reliable estimates of each separate CHQ scale are not required.     

Reliability and validity of the SF-36 in HIV-infected homeless and marginally housed individuals

Objective: To assess the reliability and validity of the Short-Form 36 (SF-36) health survey as a health status indicator among HIV-infected homeless and marginally housed (HMH) individuals. Methods: Between July 1996 and May 2000, a sample of HMH individuals completed interviews that included the SF-36. Responses to the SF-36 were analyzed for missing data, range, internal consistency, and construct validity. Results: Among 330 individuals interviewed, 83% were male, 43% were African-American, and the median age was 39 years. All internal consistency reliability coefficients exceeded 0.70, all item–scale correlations exceeded 0.40, all items were more strongly correlated with their hypothesized scale than any other scale, and all reliability coefficients exceeded inter-scale correlations for the same scale. Three of four physical health scales were significantly associated with CD4 cell count and HIV viral load. All scales were significantly associated with depression. Discussion: We found that scales were internally consistent, items correlated to an acceptable degree with their hypothesized scales, items were distinct from other scales, physical scales were associated with CD4 cell count and viral load, and all scales were associated with depression. These analyses provide evidence for the reliability and validity of the SF-36 as a measure of health status in HIV-positive HMH individuals.     

Brazilian adaptation of the Assessment of Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy Questionnaire

OBJECTIVE: The "Cuestionario para la Evaluación de la Adhesión al Tratamiento Antiretroviral" (Assessment of Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy Questionnaire) is a self-administered instrument for the assessment of adherence rates to antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected patients. The objective of the present study was to translate, adapt and validate the questionnaire for its use in Brazil. METHODS: The questionnaire was translated from the Spanish original into Brazilian Portuguese using the forward-backward translation method (Spanish/Portuguese/Spanish), followed by verbal assessment of understanding in a small group of patients. Then the instrument's psychometric properties were studied in a sample of 59 HIV-infected patients under antiretroviral therapy. Patients were interviewed in an HIV/AIDS clinic in the city of Porto Alegre, Southern Brazil, between June and November 2005. The validation process of the questionnaire's reliability included the analysis of internal consistency, external criterion-related validity, sensitivity, and specificity. RESULTS: The results showed the questionnaire's adequate reliability (alpha=0.64) and external criterion-related validity (viral load; r=-0.48; p<0.001). Adequate sensitivity (79.2%) and specificity (57.1%) for the detection of subjects with detectable versus undetectable viral loads were also found. CONCLUSIONS: The Brazilian Portuguese version of the questionnaire proved to be useful, reliable and valid for the assessment of adherence rates to antiretroviral therapy in patients living with HIV.     

主观负荷评估技术和NASA任务负荷指数量表的信度与效度评价

目的对2个脑力负荷评价量表即主观负荷评估技术(SWAT)和NASA任务负荷指数(NASATLX)量表的信度和效度进行验证。方法采用整群随机抽样方法抽取科研、教育、管理、医疗卫生等行业的脑力劳动者共1268例组成样本,采用重测信度、分半信度、Cronbach’sα系数、条目分与总分之间的相关系数对此两量表进行信度验证,采用结构效度评价两量表的效度。结果两量表总分及各条目的重测信度在0.516～0.753之间,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),具有较好的重测信度;SWAT量表的分半信度为0.645,Cronbach’sα系数>0.80,各条目分与总分之间的相关系数均>0.70,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);NASATLX量表的分半信度、Cronbach’sα系数均>0.80,各条目(业绩水平除外)与总分之间的相关系数均>0.60,差异亦有统计学意义(P<0.01),两量表的内部一致性较好;两量表总分的Pearson相关系数为0.492,两量表测定结果一致性较好。因子分析结果表明两量表具有较好的结构效度。结论SWAT和NASATLX量表均具有较好的信度与效度,经过适当修订,可作为我国脑力负荷研究的有效工具。     

Development of a Short Questionnaire to Measure an Extended Set of Job Demands,Job Resources,and Positive Health Outcomes: The New Brief Job Stress Questionnaire

This study aimed to investigate the reliability and construct validity of a new version of the Brief Job Stress Questionnaire (New BJSQ), which measures an extended set of psychosocial factors at work by adding new scales/items to the current version of the BJSQ. Additional scales/items were extensively collected from theoretical job stress models and similar questionnaires in several countries. Scales/items were field-tested and refined through a pilot internet survey. Finally, an 84-item questionnaire (141 items in total when combined with the current BJSQ) was developed. A nationally representative survey was administered to employees in Japan (n=1,633) to examine the reliability and construct validity. Most scales showed acceptable levels of internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Principal component analyses showed that the first factor explained 50% or greater proportion of the variance in most scales. A scale factor analysis and a correlation analysis showed that these scales fit the theoretical expectations. These findings provided a piece of evidence that the New BJSQ scales are reliable and valid. Although more detailed content and construct validity should be examined in future study, the New BJSQ is a useful instrument to evaluate psychosocial work environment and positive mental health outcomes in the current workplace.     

Transcultural adaptation of the HIV/AIDS-Target Quality of Life for HIV/AIDS for the evaluation of patients' quality of life

The objectives of this study were to carry out cross-cultural adaptation of the HIV/AIDS-Target Quality of Life Instrument for Portuguese and to observe its psychometric properties. Translations, translations synthesis, back translation, analysis by a committee of specialists, pre-final version test, studies of validity and reliability of the final version were carried out. Psychometric properties were evaluated by the administration of the Brazilian version in 50 consecutive HIV positive patients, from the DST/HIV/AIDS municipal ambulatory of S?o Miguel do Oeste, Santa Catarina State. The internal consistency was observed by a-Cronbach. The reliability was estimated using the intraclass correlation coefficient and Bland-Altmann diagram. The validity was observed comparing the scores of the questionnaire with the WHOQOL-HIV-Brief through the Spearman rank correlation coefficient. The results pointed out to a-Cronbach of 0.893. The correlations obtained were 0.934 for inter-interviewer and 0.977 for intra-interviewer. The correlation with WHOQOL-HIV-Bref was 0.824. It was concluded that the cross-cultural adaptation process was successful and the adapted questionnaire demonstrated good psychometric properties.