海金护卫散微生物限度检查方法的验证

目的:建立海金护卫散的微生物限度检查方法.方法:测定海金护卫散对5种阳性验证菌株的网收率,并对控制菌的检查方法进行验证.结果:常规法试验时,除枯草芽孢杆菌回收率不足70%外,金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌、白色念珠菌、黑曲霉回收率均达70%以上;采用培养基稀释法(0.5ml)枯草芽孢杆菌回收率达70%以上.结论:海金护卫散可采用培养基稀释法进行微生物限度检查;控制菌检查可采用常规方法检验.     

抗感灵颗粒微生物限度检查法的验证

目的 确定抗感灵颗粒微生物限度的检查条件和方法.方法 测定抗感灵颗粒对金黄色葡萄球菌等5种试验菌的回收率,对控制菌(大肠埃希菌)的检查方法进行方法学验证.结果 常规法对照用阳性菌金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌、白色念珠菌、黑曲霉菌的回收率>70%,枯草芽孢杆菌的回收率<70%;稀释法对照用阳性菌金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌...     

复生康胶囊微生物限度检查法方法验证

目的建立复生康胶囊微生物限度检查方法。方法以3株细菌、2株真菌对复生康胶囊进行微生物限度检查方法的验证试验。结果采用常规法大肠埃希菌、白色念珠菌、黑曲霉的回收率试验均高于70%,枯草芽孢杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌采用培养基稀释法（0.5 mL/皿）的回收率达到70%以上,控制菌采用常规法进行检验,可检出大肠埃希菌。结论经验证复生康胶囊微生物限度检查法应采用培养基稀释法检查细菌;常规法检查霉菌、酵母菌和控制菌。     

散瘀止痛软膏微生物限度检查方法的建立

目的:建立散瘀止痛软膏的微生物限度检查方法,保证方法的科学性和检查结果的准确、可靠。方法:采用大肠埃希菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、白色念珠菌和黑曲霉等5种试验菌株,进行细菌、霉菌及酵母菌的回收率试验,并进行控制菌检查的方法学验证。结果:采用常规法、培养基稀释法和离心法,5种试验菌株的回收率均小于70%;采用离心-培养基稀释法,5种试验菌株的回收率均达到70%以上;控制菌金黄色葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌采用培养基稀释法(200 m L)可检出。结论:散瘀止痛软膏的微生物限度检查中,细菌、霉菌及酵母菌计数采用离心-培养基稀释法;控制菌金黄色葡萄球菌和铜绿假单胞菌的检查可采用培养基稀释法。     

半夏止咳糖浆微生物限度检查方法的研究

目的探讨对半夏止咳糖浆进行微生物限度检查进行验证的方法。方法采用常规法或培养基稀释法对本品的细菌、霉菌及酵母菌计数方法进行验证。结果通过人工污染5种代表菌株的回收率试验,以常规法测定半夏止咳糖浆大肠埃希菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、白色念珠菌和黑曲霉的回收率皆在80％以上,而对枯草芽孢杆菌则低于70％,改以培养墓稀释法测定,其回收率这90％以上。结论确定对大肠埃希菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、白色念珠菌和黑曲霉能以常规法进行微生物限度检查验证;而对枯草芽孢杆菌则应以培养基稀释法进行验证。     

活血通络搽剂微生物限度检查方法的建立

目的:建立活血通络搽剂微生物限度的检查方法 ,保证该方法准确可靠。方法:采用金黄色葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、白色念珠菌、黑曲霉进行需氧菌总数、霉菌和酵母菌总数计数方法验证;采用金黄色葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌进行控制菌检查方法验证。结果:采用常规法、培养基稀释法时金黄色葡萄球菌和枯草芽孢杆菌的回收率均低于0.5,采用薄膜过滤法时回收率均达到0.5~2.0;控制菌检查时采用常规法可检出金黄色葡萄球菌和铜绿假单胞菌。结论:活血通络搽剂微生物限度检查时,需采用薄膜过滤法进行需氧菌总数检查,采用常规法进行霉菌和酵母菌总数检查及控制菌检查。     

清开灵滴丸微生物限度检查的方法学验证

目的确认清开灵滴丸是否具有抑菌活性;建立正确的方法对其进行细菌、霉菌及酵母菌计数和控制菌的检查。方法按2005年版中国药典微生物限度检查方法及方法学验证试验要求,对清开灵滴丸微生物限度检查进行了方法学验证。结果本品对金黄色葡萄球菌及枯草芽孢杆菌有较强抑菌作用,常规法检查回收率分别为1%和0%;用培养基稀释法可消除样品对金黄色葡萄球菌和枯草芽孢杆菌的抑菌作用。对白色念珠菌、黑曲霉及大肠埃希菌无抑菌作用,常规法检查回收率分别为95%、90%和87%。结论本品细菌数检查可用培养基稀释法;霉菌和酵母菌数、控制菌(大肠埃希菌)可采用常规方法。     

止痒搽剂微生物限度检查方法的验证

目的 建立止痒搽剂微生物限度检查方法.方法 用常规法、培养基稀释法、薄膜过滤法进行细菌、霉菌及控制菌计数方法的验证.结果 采用常规法后白色念珠菌及黑霉菌的试验组及稀释剂对照组的回收率均大于70%,采用薄膜过滤法后的大肠埃希菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌的试验组及稀释剂对照组的回收率也可达到70%以上;采用培养基稀释法可检出金黄色葡萄球菌,采用薄膜过滤法可检出铜绿假单胞菌.结论 经方法学验证,结果符合现行<中国药典>2005年版的要求.     

十八味诃子利尿丸微生物方法学验证

目的：验证十八味诃子利尿丸微生物限度检查方法的专属性和有效性。方法：采用直接接种法、稀释法对十八味诃子利尿丸进行验证试验,并测算菌回收率。结果：十八味诃子利尿丸以稀释法检查,大肠埃希菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、白色念珠菌、黑曲霉的菌回收率均大于70%。结论：十八味诃子利尿丸可以用稀释法进行细菌总数、直接接种法进行霉菌及酵母菌总数和控制菌的检查。     

退热贴微生物限度检查方法的验证

目的建立退热贴微生物限度检查方法。方法参照《中国药典》2010年版微生物限度检查方法,采用常规法进行该药品的微生物方法学验证。结果采用常规平皿法时,大肠埃希菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、白色假丝酵母菌、黑曲真菌的回收率均高于70%,细菌、真菌和酵母菌计数采用常规平皿法,控制菌金黄色葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌采用常规法检查。结论常规法可用于退热贴的微生物限度检查。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.