百尺竿头再进一步

在本期杂志与您见面的时候,我们刚刚迎来2011年元旦,也即将迎来2011年春节,值此辞旧迎新之际,我谨代表<中华肝脏病杂志>编辑委员会,向一直以来关心、支持本刊的人们致以最崇高的敬意和最诚挚的祝福!也衷心希望在新的一年里,广大肝病界的工作者们能给予本刊更多的关心和支持!     

服务临床关注热点努力推进我国肝病研究进展

在本期杂志与您见面的时候,我们即将迎来2013年元旦.值此辞旧迎新之际,我谨代表《中华肝脏病杂志》全体工作人员,向一直以来关心、支持本刊的人们致以最崇高的敬意和最诚挚的祝福也衷心希望在新的一年里,广大肝病学界的工作者们能给予本刊更多的关心、帮助和支持!     

回顾2012 展望2013

律回春晖渐,万象始更新。在这大地回春辞旧迎新喜庆祥和的日子里,《实用肝脏病杂志》与您共同迎来了又一个明媚的春天。在此谨向为本刊默默耕耘的各位编委和审稿专家,以及广大关心、支持、厚爱本刊的作者和读者表示由衷的感谢和崇高的敬意,恭祝大家新年愉快、万事如意!     

战“疫”催人更奋进

<正>辞亥猪迎子鼠,2020年,不平凡的开端,展现出的却是让世界瞩目的无私奉献和团结一心。褪青涩展风华,此时《心脑血管病防治》也迎来了20岁的生日,在此我谨代表心脑血管病防治杂志全体员工向长期关心和支持杂志发展的所有编委、专家、作者、读者表示衷心的感谢,向奋战在抗疫一线的医务工作者以及关心支持医疗事业发展的朋友们致以崇高的敬意和诚挚的祝福!我们也将继续秉持"科学办刊、服务临床"的宗旨,努力奋斗、再攀高峰!     

不积涓流 无以成江海——《临床心电学杂志》第五届编委会工作总结

在"中国心电学论坛2012"召开之际,我们相聚在晋都太原,隆重召开《临床心电学杂志》第五届编委会。首先请允许我代表本刊编辑部对各位编委的到来表示最热烈的欢迎,并衷心感谢本届编委会各位编委5年来对杂志的关心与支持,正是凭借各位编委鼎力支持和无私奉献,使     

主编、副主编寄语

<正>立足基层医院拓广医生视野支持临床科研2015年,是杂志走过坚实发展的一年,订阅量及读者群逐渐增加,文章质量也得到明显提升,伴随着收获的喜悦,我们迎来了崭新而豪迈的2016年。在此,我们代表杂志主编,副主编及全体工作人员,向关心我刊建设和发展的各级领导,向给予我刊学术指导和精心审稿的各位编委,向信赖和支持我刊的作者、读者,致以最诚挚的问候和新年的祝福,祝大家身体健康!万事顺遂!     

本期导读

2023年《中华结核和呼吸杂志》迎来七十周年华诞, 感谢裘祖源、罗慰慈、朱元珏、钟南山、刘又宁、瞿介明总编辑在杂志筚路蓝缕的初创时期, 在杂志入驻Medline、成为中国精品科技期刊、成为百种中国杰出期刊的升腾时期, 在杂志获得中国出版界的最高奖项——中国出版政府奖期刊奖的荣耀时期, 在杂志入选中国科技期刊卓越行动计划、踏上创建世界一流科技期刊的崭新时期, 带领着志同道合、学术高深、精益求精的编委会专家, 发扬俯首甘为孺子牛的奉献精神, 为杂志的创立、发展、创新付出了大量的心血!同时也感谢众多默默无闻为杂志遴选优质稿件的审稿专家, 感谢关心和信任杂志的广大读者和作者!正是你们的支持和厚爱铸就了杂志辉煌的历史, 也必将激励着我们继续追求卓越、踔厉奋发!     

卷首语

东风送暖,万象更新,我们又共同迎来了新的一年. 在广大读者、作者、编委和专家的关心和厚爱下,《中国心血管杂志》取得了长足的进步,我们谨此表达衷心的感谢,祝愿大家在学术道路上不断取得新的成绩,并期待大家继续给予本刊更多的支持和指教,与我们共同关注杂志的成长.     

主编致辞

正金鸡辞旧岁,瑞犬闹新春。值此辞旧迎新之际,《临床肝胆病杂志》向一直关心、支持、帮助、陪伴本刊的海内外各位编委、审稿专家、作者、读者表示衷心的感谢和最美好的新年祝福!过去的2017年,我们大家在一起,踏着时代发展的律动,共享医学进步的绚烂,携手同行超     

承前启后 继往开来——新世纪献辞

新春伊始 ,随着第一缕曙光洒向大地 ,充满着希望的新世纪、新千年开始了 !在这令人振奋的时刻 ,我们《心电学杂志》编委会和全体工作人员 ,向始终关心、支持本刊工作的广大读者、作者、专家和教授致以诚挚的感谢和节日的问候。感谢大家多年来对本刊的关心、爱护、信任和支持 ,祝愿大家新年身体健康 ,万事如意 ,事业有成 ,阖家欢乐 !《心电学杂志》创刊于１９８２年。２０年来 ,她的读者日益增多 ,论文质量不断提高 ,编辑水平有了长足进步 ,被重要检索系统收录频率探测连年增高。在以往的岁月里 ,她始终坚持理论与实践相结合 ,普及与提高并重…     

The immunoneuroendocrine role of melatonin

Abstract: A tight, physiological link between the pineal gland and the immune system is emerging from a series of experimental studies. This link might reflect the evolutionary connection between self-recognition and reproduction. Pinealectomy or other experimental methods which inhibit melatonin synthesis and secretion induce a state of immunodepression which is counteracted by melatonin. In general, melatonin seems to have an immunoenhancing effect that is particularly apparent in immunodepressive states. The negative effect of acute stress or immunosuppressive pharmacological treatments on various immune parameters are counteracted by melatonin. It seems important to note that one of the main targets of melatonin is the thymus, i.e., the central organ of the immune system. The clinical use of melatonin as an immunotherapeutic agent seems promising in primary and secondary immunodeficiencies as well as in cancer immunotherapy. The immunoenhancing action of melatonin seems to be mediated by T-helper cell-derived opioid peptides as well as by lymphokines and, perhaps, by pituitary hormones. Melatonin-induced-immuno-opioids (MHO) and lymphokines imply the presence of specific binding sites or melatonin receptors on cells of the immune system. On the other hand, lymphokines such as -γ-interferon and interleukin-2 as well as thymic hormones can modulate the synthesis of melatonin in the pineal gland. The pineal gland might thus be viewed as the crux of a sophisticated immunoneuroendocrine network which functions as an unconscious, diffuse sensory organ.     

Changes in connexin43, the gap junction protein of astrocytes, during development of the rat pineal gland

Abstract: The abundance of gap junctions between rat pineal astrocytes formed by connexin43 (Cx43) was studied during development. Levels and distribution of Cx43 were measured by immunoblotting and indirect immunofluorescence, respectively. The amount of Cx43 in cells located within the gland was low until about the 7th postnatal day and increased to adult values between the 14th and 21st days postpartum. Although astrocytes, recognized by their vimentin immunoreactivity, were scarce before birth, they were abundant by the 7th postnatal day suggesting that the low levels of Cx43 found at this age corresponded to a low expression of this protein. Localization of the immunoreactivity to Cx43 and vimentin showed a close correlation, indicating that mature or immature pineal astrocytes form gap junctions made of Cx43. Since Cx43 levels attained their adult values at about the time the innervation and the functional state of the gland reached maturity (2–3 weeks after birth), it is proposed that astrocyte gap junctions are involved in the function of the adult rat pineal gland.     

Conservative management of perforated duodenal diverticulum： A case report and review of the literature

Duodenal diverticula are a relatively common condition. They are asymptomatic, unless they become complicated, with perforation being the rarest but most severe complication. Surgical treatment is the most frequently performed approach. We report the case of a patient with a perforated duodenal diverticulum, which was diagnosed early and treated conservatively with antibiotics and percutaneous drainage of secondary retroperitoneal abscesses. We suggest this method could be an acceptable option for the management of similar cases, provided that the patient is in good general condition and without septic signs.     

Response of rat pineal melatonin to calcium, magnesium, and lithium is circadian stage dependent

Abstract: Herein we documented the response of pineal melatonin production to electrolytes known to be effective on pineal function in view of a possible circadian stage dependence. We studied the release of melatonin by perifused rat pineal glands at 2 different circadian stages corresponding to the middle of the light and dark periods, i.e., respectively, 7 and 19 HALO (Hours After Light Onset, L:D = 12:12). The initial efflux rates were, as expected, much higher in the perifusates of glands removed from rats sacrificed during the dark phase than of those removed during the light phase. After 3 hr of perifusion, melatonin release reached similar levels which were found constant up to the 8th hr of perifusion, whatever the circadian stage. Perifusion of the glands with physiological concentrations for the rat of calcium (5.2 mmol/1) and magnesium (1.34 mmol/1) resulted in a stimulatory effect on the pineal glands removed from rats sacrificed in the middle of the dark period (19 HALO), whereas no effects were observed on the pineal glands removed from rats sacrificed during the light (7 HALO). Lithium (0.28 and 0.55 mmol/1) was ineffective on melatonin release in pineal glands removed 7 and 19 HALO. Our results show differences in the initial efflux rates of melatonin and in the response of perifused pineal glands to calcium and magnesium according to the circadian stage.     

Presence of immunoreactive growth hormone and prolactin in the ovine pineal gland

Abstract: The use of antisera raised against bovine growth hormone (GH) and ovine prolactin (PRL) enabled the detection of related immunoreactive (ir) sequences of proteins in ovine pineal tissue. The isolation of PRL-like ir-material was accomplished using a 0.25 M ammonium sulphate (pH 5.5) extraction followed by ethanol precipitation, whereas the resulting 2.0 M ammonium sulphate (pH 7.0) precipitate contained a GH-like immunoreactivity. Gel chromatography of the GH-like immunoreactivity (Sephadex G-100) indicated the presence of several GH-like fragments ranging in the M_r range of 7,000 to 55,000. Analyses of the PRL-like ir-material found in pineal tissue on HPLC using a TSK 545-DEAE column led to the resolution into a single peak of immunoreactivity. A single peak of activity was also observed following chromatofocusing and hydrophobic interaction chromatography of the ir-peak from the TSK 545-DEAE column. The PRL-like ir-material inhibited the binding of [¹²⁵I]ovine PRL-S14 to anti-ovine PRL antibodies without showing an affinity for binding to anti-rat PRL or anti-bovine GH antibodies. Scatchard analysis of the binding of pineal PRL-like ir-material and pituitary ovine PRL-S14 to liver membranes from day-20 pregnant rats revealed similar affinity constants (K_a of 4.7 ± 0.2 × 10⁹ M^-1). In addition, the replication of Nb 2 Node rat lymphoma cells was stimulated by pineal PRL-like ir-material, an effect known to be specific for lactogenic hormones. The pineal PRL-like immunoreactivity appeared on sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gels as a single major band of M_r 24,000. The functional status of PRL-and GH-like ir-material in the ovine pineal remains to be determined, but evidence is presented that the overall protein synthesis rate of the rat pineal responded to circulating concentrations of PRL.     

Microbiology of human immunodeficiency virus anorectal disease

PURPOSE: Individuals who are seropositive for the human immunodeficiency virus are at high risk for opportunistic infection and anorectal disorders. Little prospective information is available regarding anorectal pathogens in these patients. METHODS: One hundred sixty-three HIV-seropositive patients presented to the colorectal clinic between 1989 and 1992. Forty-seven (29 percent) patients were thought to have an infectious process and were prospectively studied using a standardized multiculture protocol. RESULTS: Mean age was 33 (range, 19–59) years. All were male; high-risk behavior accounted for 87 percent of HIV transmissions. Presenting complaints included anorectal pain (79 percent), pus per anum (28 percent), and blood per anum (26 percent). Examination revealed perianal tenderness (60 percent), condyloma (38 percent), perianal ulcers (38 percent), and anal fissures (34 percent). Sixty-six sets of cultures were performed; 28 patients had one set, 15 had two sets, and 4 had three sets. Thirty-two of these 47 patients (68 percent) had positive cultures including herpes (50 percent), cytomegalovirus (25 percent),Neisseria gonorrhoeae (16 percent), chlamydia (16 percent), acidfast bacilli (2 percent), and others (9 percent). Six of 32 patients with positive cultures had more than one organism cultured. Sixteen (50 percent) patients with positive cultures were treated medically, 8 (25 percent) were treated surgically and 8 (25 percent) were treated with both modalities. Sixty-one procedures were performed on 17 patients for condylomata. Eighteen patients had 20 procedures for abscesses, 50 percent of whom had positive cultures for other than common bowel flora; all improved. Fourteen patients underwent 33 procedures for perianal fistulas.Mycobacterium fortuitum was cultured from one patient who required 13 procedures for abscesses and fistulas. Forty-five (96 percent) patients were followed for an average of 12.5 months ±2.9 SEM (range, 1–94 months). Symptoms were improved or resolved in 22 of 32 (69 percent) patients with positive cultures and in 11 of 13 (84 percent) with negative cultures. CONCLUSIONS: Specific pathogens may often be identified in human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive patients with anorectal disorders if aggressively sought. Although patients without specific pathogens identified may be expected to improve with planned empiric treatment, positive identification allows more directed therapy.