There is a positive association between vitamin B12 deficiency and serum total cholesterol in Iranian type 2 diabetic patients on Metformin

Introduction

Considering the low level of vitamin B₁₂ in diabetic patients on Metformin and also the importance of this vitamin in lipid metabolism, the aim of the present study was assessing the possible relationship between vitamin B₁₂ deficiency, lipid profile and atherogenic indices in Iranian diabetic patients.

Hand grip strength: A reliable assessment tool of frailty status on the person with type 2 diabetes mellitus

ObjectiveThe aim was to assess the influence of specific type 2 diabetes Mellitus-related features on the hand grip strength in a diabetic outpatient-based population.Material and methodsA cross-sectional population-based study was conducted. Seventy-three individuals were included after excluding cases of refusal to participate or medical concerns that had potential to affect dominant hand strength. A calibrated dynamometer was used to assess dominant hand grip strength. Two multiple linear regression models were used to predict mean hand grip strength values. Spearman and Pearson correlations were calculated for all possible pairwise combinations of significant independent continuous variables and mean hand grip strength values.ResultsReduced hand grip strength prevalence was 54.8%, from which 70.8% people had ≥ 65 years. Twenty four percent of individuals aged < 65 years showed decreased hand grip strength. Increasing age, female gender and type 2 diabetes Mellitus duration were significantly associated with reduced hand grip strength (P < 0.001; P = 0.017; P = 0.001, respectively). For each 10 years of disease duration, individual mean hand grip strength decreased around 3 kg (P = 0.001).ConclusionsReduced hand grip strength prevalence was substantial in the geriatric subgroup and not negligible in younger patients with a contribution long-term Diabetes, increasing age and female gender as risk factors. This study displays a unique, practical and reliable approach to select at-risk patients who need close screening programs and clinical surveillance concerning frailty status.     

Liens entre les paramètres anthropométriques et l’hypertension artérielle chez les diabétiques tunisiens de type 2

BackgroundOverweight and high blood pressure (HBP) are frequently associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The aim of our study was to analyze the associations between anthropometric measures and HBP in Tunisian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among 457 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, who were assessed with measurement of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, weight, height and waist circumference (WC). Body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) were calculated. We performed ROC curves for each anthropometric parameter to assess its discriminant power predictive of HBP in type 2 diabetic patients.ResultsObesity and HBP were observed in 49.2 % and 61.1 % of cases, respectively. The prevalence of HBP was significantly associated with weight status in diabetic women but not in diabetic men. Obesity and android fat distribution increased the risk of HBP in women by a factor of 2.11 and 6.75, respectively. Weight, BMI, WC and WHtR had areas under the curve less than 0.7. Cut-off values of BMI and WC for predicting the presence of HBP were different from those proposed by scientific societies for defining obesity. They were higher in women than in men.ConclusionThe discrimination power of anthropometry in the detection of HBP was limited in our population suggesting its modest interest in epidemiological studies in the absence of possible blood pressure measurement. Furthermore, it seems important to determine specific references to the Tunisian population in terms of overweight.     

Évolution des paramètres anthropométriques et métaboliques après chirurgie bariatrique : expérience tunisienne monocentrique

Aims of the study

To investigate the effect of bariatric surgery on anthropometric and metabolic parameters in morbidly obese Tunisian subjects.

Évolution épidémiologique du diabète de type 1 chez l’enfant : données du registre du département d’Oran,Algérie, 1973–2017

BackgroundDiabetes in children is undergoing a profound change in terms of frequency and age at onset worldwide. Algeria is particularly impacted by the epidemic to the point of appearing in the “top 10” 2016 of countries with very high incidence of T1D. Our study was aimed to present the epidemiological evolution of T1D in children using data from the register of the department of Oran.MethodsNew cases of T1D are children under 15 years old coming from primary care units and pediatric departments. Registration was centralized at the level of the “C” pediatric unit of Oran University Hospital since 1973 with an assessment close to 100%.ResultsFrom 1973 to 2017, 2358 T1D new cases aged less than 15 years at T1D diagnosis have been registered. The average annual incidence under 15 years old for the last 5 years 2013–2017 is 31.12 ± 3.60 cases per 100,000 and 22.62 ± 5.18, 36.92 ± 6.88 et 37.93 ± 6.53 for children 0–4, 5–9 et 10–14 years old, respectively. The average annual evolution was at 12.78% in the last 25 years for the whole group and 15.03, 15.50 and 9.10% for children of 0–4, 5–9 and 10–14 years old, respectively. The estimated prevalence on December 31st 2017 was 207 per 100,000 equivalent to 1 T1D for 482 children under 15. The sex ratio for all cases is 0.94 with non-significant fluctuations. The winter/summer seasonality, significant from 1973 to 2013 in favor of winter months is no longer present starting from 2013.ConclusionWe confirm, in agreement with other teams, the outsized increase in the incidence of T1D and the younger age at onset in children under 15 in our country. This evolution, mainly related to environmental problems poses new difficulties to families and teams in charge of the disease.     

Effet de l’alimentation maternelle sur le gain de poids au cours de la grossesse

ObjectivesTo assess maternal intakes of energy and nutrients in each trimester of pregnancy and their effect on gestational weight gain.Materials and methodsA prospective and longitudinal study of a cohort of 300 women was carried out during the entire period of pregnancy at antenatal consultation and monitoring centers in Constantine (Algeria) from December 2013 to July 2016. The estimation of energy and nutrient intakes was made by a three-day dietary record and repeated each trimester of pregnancy. Height and starting weight and weight at the end of pregnancy were measured. Statistics were performed using StatviewTM and SPSS software.ResultsThe majority of women (75.0%) had inadequate weight gain in late pregnancy. Intakes of energy, vitamines and minerals of women with low weight gain were lower than that of women with normal and excessive gain in the three trimesters of pregnancy (P < 0.0001). For all weight categories, average energy and nutrient intakes were lower in the first trimester then increase in the second trimester and stabilized in the third trimester. Between the first and third trimesters, 86 to 100% of women had vitamin and mineral intakes that were significantly lower than recommended dietary allowance.ConclusionOur study demonstrated the impact of maternal nutrition on gestational weight gain in relation to energy intake and specific nutrients, but the role of macronutrients was inconsistent. Pregnancy should be used as a ‘window of opportunity’ for changes in diet.     

膳食红肉摄入与2型糖尿病并发冠心病的相关性研究

目的 探讨2型糖尿病患者(T2DM)膳食红肉摄入量与并发冠心病(CHD)的关系.方法 随机选取深圳市南山区T2DM并发CHD的患者为病例组,以年龄±2岁的原则1∶1配对无CHD的T2DM患者为对照组.采用自制问卷及简化版食物频数问卷对所有参与者进行调查.采用条件Logistic回归对膳食红肉摄入量与T2DM并发CHD进...     

Food diversity and nutrient intake during pregnancy in relation to maternal weight gain

BackgroundInadequate gestational weight gain has become a major problem for Algerian women and this is due to inadequate maternal nutrient intake and lack of food diversity. Our objective was to assess the caloric and nutrient intake, the nutritional adequacy of the diet of women during pregnancy and to appreciate their effects on gestational weight gain.MethodsA prospective cohort study of 300 pregnant women aged 19 to 43 years was conducted, from December 2013 to July 2016. Maternal age, parity, educational level, household income and pre-pregnancy body mass index were collected. Gestational weight gain was calculated and classified according to the IOM recommendations. Participants were asked to report the frequency of consumption of foods and beverages in the last trimester of gestation. Also, the estimation of energy and nutrient intakes was made by a three-day dietary record. Statistics were performed using StatviewTM and SPSS software.ResultsIntakes of energy, vitamines and minerals of women with insufficient weight gain were less than that of women with normal and excessive gain (P < 0.0001). Milk and dairy products (P = 0.0009), fruits and vegetables (P = 0.03), meats, fish and eggs (P = 0.0049) were significantly less consumed by women with insufficient gain. The lowest food diversification was more observed in women with insufficient gestational weight gain.ConclusionMost of the pregnant women had a poorly diversified diet and especially women with insufficient weight gain. Also, the intakes of energy, vitamins and minerals of women with insufficient gain were the lowest.