神经症病人和正常人的记忆比较

记忆障碍是神经症病人最常见的主诉之一。为确切了解神经症病人的记忆损害程度,我们对神经症和正常人的记忆功能进行了对照观察。对象和方法一、神经症组:以近二月来未服用过精神药物的门诊神经症病人为观察对象。本组共72例(男37例,女35例)。年龄18～55岁,平均30.1岁。文化程度:小学16例,中学53例,大学3例。病     

精神分裂症和神经症患者心理防御机制的对照研究

目的：探讨精神分裂症患者和神经症患者在心理防御机制的使用上与正常人的差别。为临床提供辅助诊断。方法：采用心理防御方式问卷对48例精神分裂症、64例神经症患者进行测试，并与129例健康人对照。结果：精神分裂症患者和神经症患者与正常对照组相比较，多使用不成熟的防御机制，较少使用成熟防御机制；精神分裂症组与神经症组相比，更多使用分裂，而在其它防御机制的使用上无明显差异；神经症患者较少掩饰性。结论：精神分裂症病人和神经症病人在心理防御机制的使用上与正常人不同，神经症病人与精神分裂症病人使用大致相同的心理防御机制。     

神经症病人的焦虑问题

本文采用状态－特质变虑问卷，对１００例神经症病人进行了测试，并与正常人嫩对照。结果表明神经症病人状态及特质焦虑，均分皆明显高于正常人群。提示神经症病人伴有一定程度的焦虑情绪和一定的焦虑人格特质。     

森田疗法在神经症病人中应用分析

在对 4 2例神经症病人的治疗中 ,把森田疗法理论引入传统药物治疗中 ,按照森田疗法分期 ,结合药物治疗实施改良森田疗法。经 SCL-90 ,HAMD,SAS测试 ,取得了较满意的疗效。提示改良森田疗法对神经症病人疗效显著 ,各地应根据自身具体情况 ,灵活采用现有各种治疗手段。     

精神病人与神经症病人PHI测评结果对照分析

目的 精神病人与神经病人PHI测评结果分析。方法 采用宋维真教授修订的心理健康测查表（PHI），对139名精神病人和神经症病人进行测查。结果 精神病人PSD、HYP、UNR分数均明显高于神经症病人，高于常模两个标准差以上，神经症病人SOM、DEP、ANX分数均高于精神病人，这与宋维真教授修订的MMPI的测查结果基本一致。结论 PHI适合应用于精神病人和神经症病人的人格测查，其功能接近MMPI，操作性优于MMPI，韪数量小，操作时间短，可广泛应用于精神科临床工作中。     

器质性疾病误诊为神经症的30例临床分析

目的分析哪些疾痛容易误诊为神经症及误诊的原因,防止误诊误治。方法对30例误诊为神经症的器质性疾病进行回顾性研究。结果30例中误诊为神经症的器质性疾病有颅内肿瘤、甲状腺功能亢进症、癫痫、脑囊虫、系统性红斑狼疮、脑积水和特发性甲状腺功能减退症等。结论对有神经症表现的病人应该做到详细询问病史、详细体格检查必须要先排除器质疾病,才能下神经症的诊断。     

门诊森田疗法治疗神经症16例

应用森田疗对16例神经症患者施行门诊治疗。结果提示门诊森田疗法对神经症治疗是一种较有效的方法。门诊森田疗法成功与否的关键在于选择合适的病人,他们迫切需要帮助,并决心服从医生指导,完成全部治疗过程。     

生物反馈治疗神经症疗效观察

对３４例神经症病人进行生物反馈治疗,并对治疗前后症状比较,除恐怖,记忆力下降症状差异不显著外,其余差异非常明显,提示生物反馈治疗神经症疗效明显。     

心理分析治疗歇斯底里一例

心理分析治疗歇斯底里一例济宁医学院心理教研室王焕起歇斯底里目前在临床上是一常见神经症，现在治疗上大多是在其发病时应用暗示疗法以终止其发作［１］，但病人一遇诱因即会再次发作，给病人的工作学习及精神上造成较大影响。目前有关其它神经症的心理治疗报道很多，但...     

神经症病人羞耻感初步研究

目的:研究神经症病人羞耻感的某些特征。方法:52名核心神经症病人填写90项症状自评量表(SCL-90)、羞耻量表(Shame Scale)和童年创伤经历量表(CTQ)。30名正常人为对照组,只填写羞耻量表。结果:神经症组的羞耻感总分以及各因子分均高于正常对照组(总分69.0±20.4/48.7±10.2,个性29.4±9.7/19.8±5.8,行为23.5±6.5/18.0±4.2,身体8.3±3.4/5.7±2.2,家庭7.7±3.9/5.2±1.7,t=3.15～5.09,P=0.001或<0.001);神经症组中男性与女性羞耻感总分以及各因子分之间差异无显著意义;神经症组的羞耻总分及其各因子同SCL-90总分呈正相关(r=0.443、0.383、0.402、0.546、0.503,均P<0.001),同SCL-90各因子分多数呈正相关;神经症组的羞耻及其各因子同创伤总分呈正相关(r=0.56、0.51、0.40、0.17、0.66,均P<0.001),同创伤各因子大多呈正相关。结论:羞耻感强是神经症病人区别于正常人群的一个重要特点;家庭羞耻较其他因子更直接影响神经症心理症状;情感虐待因子较其他因子更直接影响羞耻感。     

Development in in vitro toxicology

There are three principal pressures driving the development of in vitro toxicology: (1) the need for more efficient testing systems to cope with the large number of xenobiotics currently being developed; (2) public pressure to reduce animal experimentation; and (3) a need for a better understanding of the mechanisms of toxicity. Within this, in vitro toxicology is focused on local, systemic, and target-organ toxicity. It is becoming increasingly apparent that a step or decision-tree approach using input of a variety of experimental data (physicochemical properties, biokinetics, cytotoxicity) provides the most efficient system for predicting toxicity. Examples of the use of in vitro toxicity systems for prediction of systemic toxicity and target-organ (liver) toxicity are presented.Originally presented at ECCP 93.     

Seasonal variations in acute toxoplasmosis in pregnant women in Slovenia

Between December 1999 and December 2004, 40 081 pregnant women were examined for toxoplasmosis with Toxo-IgG, Toxo-IgM enzyme immunoassay. Women with positive results were then retested with the Toxo-IgG avidity assay for recent toxoplasmosis. Recent acute toxoplasmosis in pregnant women was found to be significantly more frequent (p < 0.01) during winter than summer. The incidence of acute toxoplasmosis during winter-spring was also significantly more frequent (p < 0.025) than summer-autumn. This phenomenon should be taken into account when formulating preventive measures for toxoplasmosis, especially for pregnant women.     

休克过程中肾上腺髓质素变化的研究进展

Adrenomedullin (AM) is a new peptidergic regulator of vascular function. AM serves as a hormone, which has many biological properties, plays an important role in the many pathophysiological processes, especially shock. This review will highlight the structure, biological properties of AM and the relationship between AM and shock.     

Age-related changes in polyamines in memory-associated brain structures in rats

Polyamines putrescine, spermidine and spermine are positively charged aliphatic amines and have important roles in maintaining normal cellular function, regulating neurotransmitter receptors and modulating learning and memory. Recent evidence suggests a role of putrescine in hippocampal neurogenesis, that is significantly impaired during aging. The present study measured the polyamine levels in memory-related brain structures in 24- (aged), 12- (middle-aged) and 4- (young) month-old rats using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry and high performance liquid chromatography. In the hippocampus, the putrescine levels were significantly decreased in the CA1 and dentate gyrus, and increased in the CA2/3 with age. Significant age-related increases in the spermidine levels were found in the CA1 and CA2/3. There was no difference between groups in spermine in any sub-regions examined. In the parahippocampal region, increased putrescine level with age was observed in the entorhinal cortex, and age did not alter the spermidine levels. The spermine level was significantly decreased in the perirhinal cortex and increased in the postrhinal cortex with age. In the prefrontal cortex, there was age-related decrease in putrescine, and the spermidine and spermine levels were significantly increased with age. This study, for the first time, demonstrates age-related region-specific changes in polyamines in memory-associated structures, suggesting that polyamine system dysfunction may potentially contribute to aged-related impairments in hippocampal neurogenesis and learning and memory.     

Secular change in menarche in women in Madrid

The age at menarche was estimated by recollection in 1617 women between the ages of 18 and 60 in Madrid and a nearby suburb, Pinto. The population of Pinto is working-class and the Madrid group, taken from residential neighbourhoods , belongs to the upper middle class. In both groups we found a diminution in average age at menarche, from 14.04 to 13.02 years in Madrid and from 14.55 to 13.16 years from about 1935 to about 1965 in Pinto. These changes have been more intense in the group which is less well-off economically, where living conditions have varied much more drastically.     

The cyclic-AMP concentration in plasma and in muscle in response to exercise and beta-blockade in man

At rest the cAMP concentration in (muscle samples of) the quadriceps femoris ranged from 1.55 to 3.00 μmol per kg dry muscle and in plasma from 15.3 to 32.3 nmol per 1. Blockade of the beta adrenoreceptors with propranolol resulted in a significant decrease in the concentration in muscle at rest, the magnitude of the fall being related to the inital level. Similarly in plasma there was a trend towards lower levels of cAMP in those with the highest pretreatment levels, but the overall change was not statistically significant. There was no relation between the concentrations in muscle and plasma, before or after beta-blockade. Maximum dynamic exercise for 4–8 min resulted in an approximate doubling in the cAMP concentration in both muscle and blood. The increase in plasma was closely related to that in muscle. Beta-blockade inhibited totally the rise in cAMP in muscle during exercise but was marginally less effective in preventing the increase in blood. No increase in plasma or muscle cAMP levels during 40–70 s isometric contraction were observed.