Estimation of myocardial fibrosis in humans with dual energy CT

BackgroundThe current clinical standard for in vivo imaging of myocardial fibrosis is contrast-enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR). We sought to validate a novel non-contrast dual energy computed tomography (DECT) method to estimate myocardial fibrosis in patients undergoing CMR with contrast.MethodsAll subjects underwent non-contrast, prospectively-triggered cardiac DECT on a single source scanner with interleaved acquisition between tube voltages of 80 and 140 kVp. Monochromatic images were reconstructed at 11 energies spanning 40–140 keV; a region of interest (ROI) was drawn in the mid-inferoseptal segment, recording mean attenuation value in the ROI, at each energy level. Comparison was made to data from single energy (70 keV) image data. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) was performed to compare the predictive capability of single vs. multi-energy inferoseptal segment CT attenuation on myocardial fibrosis by both visually assessed LGE (absent/present fibrosis) and CMR T1 mapping-derived myocardial extracellular volume fraction (ECV).ResultsThe multi-energy CT/LDA approach performed better than a single energy approach to discriminate among LGE-CMR classes of present/absence myocardial fibrosis severity, demonstrating correct classification rates of 89% and 71%, respectively. The multi-energy CT/LDA approach also performed better in correctly discriminating normal from elevated ECV, doing so in 89% of patients vs. correct distinction of normal/elevated ECV in only 70% using the single energy approach.ConclusionsNon-contrast cardiac DECT with multi-energy analysis better classifies myocardial fibrosis and extracellular volume compared to what is feasible with non-contrast single energy cardiac CT. These data support further evaluation of this approach to noninvasively assess myocardial fibrosis.     

单次对比增强双源CT双能量心脏成像的初步应用研究

目的评价单次对比增强双源CT双能量心脏成像的可行性和初步应用。方法30例受检者行双源CT双能量心脏成像,分别有6例病人于1周内进行了DSA或SPECT检查。2名有经验的影像诊断医师对所有冠状动脉影像质量和碘图进行分段评分,并对冠状动脉狭窄节段与碘图分布情况进行对照分析。结果冠状动脉成像可诊断率为100%（300/300）,影像质量评分均值为4.68±0.57。30例病人中8例共10个节段发现壁冠状动脉,12例共32个节段冠状动脉发现粥样硬化性斑块,其中20个节段狭窄≥50%,12个节段狭窄≤50%;3例病人的双能量CT（DECT）冠状动脉成像与DSA所见一致。融合碘图有15例共37个节段发现灌注异常,其中28个节段供血支冠状动脉狭窄,9个节段未见冠状动脉狭窄（其中3个节段SPECT检查为阴性）。结论心率合适的情况下,单次对比增强双源CT双能量成像可获得优良的冠状动脉和心肌灌注影像,有一定的临床应用潜力,但尚需深入研究。     

Attenuation-based characterization of coronary atherosclerotic plaque: Comparison of dual source and dual energy CT with single-source CT and histopathology

Objective

To compare different CT acquisition techniques regarding for attenuation-based characterization of coronary atherosclerotic plaques using histopathology as the standard of reference.

Materials and methods

In a post mortem study 17 human hearts were studied with dual-source CT (DSCT) and dual energy CT (DECT) mode on a DSCT as well as with 16-slice single-source CT (SSCT). At autopsy, atherosclerotic lesions were cut at 5 μm sections. Histopathologic classification of the plaques according to the American Heart Association (AHA) criteria was performed by two pathologists. Attenuation values of all plaques were measured in DSCT, DECT and SSCT studies, respectively and classified based on attenuation according to modified AHA criteria.

Results

58 coronary plaques were identified at autopsy. Regardless of the CT technique only 52/58 plaques were found at CT (sensitivity = 89.6%). There was no significant difference between the mean attenuation values of different plaque types between DSCT, DECT, and SSCT: type IV: 11 HU/8 HU/19 HU; type Va: 44 HU/45 HU/52 HU; type Vb: 1088 HU/966 HU/1079 HU). The sensitivity for correct classification varied depending on the plaque type (type II = 0%, type III = 0%, type IV = 43%, type Va = 58%, Vb = 97%).

Conclusion

Independent of the used acquisition technique, SSCT, DSCT and DECT show similar results for attenuation-based characterization of atherosclerotic coronary plaques.     

Compound analysis of gallstones using dual energy computed tomography—Results in a phantom model

Purpose

The potential of dual energy computed tomography (DECT) for the analysis of gallstone compounds was investigated. The main goal was to find parameters, that can reliably define high percentage (>70%) cholesterol stones without calcium components.

Materials and methods

35 gallstones were analyzed with DECT using a phantom model. Stone samples were put into specimen containers filled with formalin. Containers were put into a water-filled cylindrical acrylic glass phantom. DECT scans were performed using a tube voltage/current of 140 kV/83 mAs (tube A) and 80 kV/340 mAs (tube B). ROI-measurements to determine CT attenuation of each sector of the stones that had different appearance on the CT images were performed. Finally, semi-quantitative infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) of these sectors was performed for chemical analysis.

Results

ROI-measurements were performed in 45 different sectors in 35 gallstones. Sectors containing >70% of cholesterol and no calcium component (n = 20) on FTIR could be identified with 95% sensitivity and 100% specificity on DECT. These sectors showed typical attenuation of −8 ± 4 HU at 80 kV and +22 ± 3 HU at 140 kV. Even the presence of a small calcium component (<10%) hindered the reliable identification of cholesterol components as such.

Conclusion

Dual energy CT allows for reliable identification of gallstones containing a high percentage of cholesterol and no calcium component in this pre-clinical phantom model. Results from in vivo or anthropomorphic phantom trials will have to confirm these results. This may enable the identification of patients eligible for non-surgical treatment options in the future.     

双源双能量CT成像评估猪急性心肌缺血再灌注损伤的实验研究

目的 评价双源双能量CT(DECT)成像诊断猪急性心肌缺血再灌注损伤的可行性和准确性.方法 8只猪通过开胸结扎冠状动脉左前降支(LAD)或第一对角支(D1)建立再灌注损伤模型,术后行DECT心肌灌注成像扫描.检查结束后立即处死动物,取出心脏,进行氯化三苯基四氮唑(TTC)染色,分析心肌缺血再灌注损伤范围.以病理结果为参照,测量损伤区、非损伤区的CT值以及损伤区面积.将左心室壁分为17个节段,确定DECT心肌灌注碘图、DECT(140、100和平均加权120 kV)3组图像和大体病理上心肌损伤的节段数.以病理结果为金标准分别评价DECT心肌灌注碘图、3组图像显示心肌损伤的敏感性、特异性和一致性.利用方差检验分析损伤区和非损伤心肌不同管电压条件的CT值、大体病理和DECT 3组图像所测量损伤区重量的差异.结果 8只猪DECT心肌灌注碘图见心尖前壁、心尖间隔灌注稀疏甚至缺损,DECT 3组图像中再灌注损伤区CT值均较正常心肌明显降低.与病理金标准对照,DECT心肌灌注碘图诊断再灌注损伤的敏感性、特异性分别为85.2％ (23/27)、86.2％ (94/109),Kappa值为0.62;DECT3组图像的敏感性、特异性和Kappa值:140 kV组分别为88.9％ (24/27)、92.7％ (101/109),0.76;100 kV组分别为85.2％ (23/27)、89.0％(97/109),0.67;平均加权120 kV组分别为88.9％ (24/27)、91.7％ (100/109),0.74.DECT 3组图像测量损伤心肌重量与大体病理所测值之间差异无统计学意义(F=0.419,P=0.741).结论 DECT心肌灌注成像可用于检测猪急性心肌缺血再灌注损伤,与病理诊断一致性较好.     

Dual energy CTA of the supraaortic arteries: Technical improvements with a novel dual source CT system

Objectives

Computed tomography angiography (CTA) is a well-accepted imaging modality to evaluate the supraaortic vessels. Initial reports have suggested that dual energy CTA (DE-CTA) can enhance diagnosis by creating bone-free data sets, which can be visualized in 3D, but a number of limitations of this technique have also been addressed. We sought to describe the performance of DE-CTA of the supraaortic vessels with a novel dual source CT system with special emphasis on image quality and post-processing related artifacts.

Materials and methods

Thirty-three patients underwent carotid CT angiography on a second generation dual source CT system. Simultaneous acquisitions of 100 and 140 kV data sets in arterial phase were performed. Two examiners evaluated overall bone suppression with a 3-point scale (1 = poor; 3 = excellent) and image quality regarding integrity of the vessel lumen of different vessel segments (n = 26) with a 5-point scale (1 = poor; 5 = excellent), CTA source data served as the reference.

Results

Excellent bone suppression could be achieved in the head and neck. Only minor bone remnants occurred, mean score for bone removal was 2.9. Mean score for vessel integrity was 4.3. Eight hundred fifty-seven vessel segments could be evaluated. Six hundred thirty-five segments (74%) showed no lumen alteration, 65 segments (7.6%) lumen alterations <10%, 27 segments (3.1%) lumen alterations >10% resulting in a total luminal reduction <50%, 17 segments (2%) lumen alterations of more than 10% resulting in a total luminal reduction >50%, and 113 segments (13.2%) showed a gap in the vessel course (100% total lumen reduction). Artificial gaps of the vessel lumen occurred in 28 vessel segments due to artifacts caused by dental hardware and in all but one (65) ophthalmic arteries.

Conclusions

Excellent bone suppression could be achieved, DE imaging with 100 and 140 kV lead to improved image quality and vessel integrity in the shoulder region than previously reported. The ophthalmic artery still cannot be adequately visualized.     

256层螺旋 CT 灌注成像区分轻、中度肝纤维化的价值

目的：探讨256层螺旋C T灌注成像区分轻、中度肝纤维化的价值。方法分析经肝穿刺活检证实轻度肝纤维化（F1期）患者18例和中度肝纤维化（F2、F3期）患者21例,均行256层螺旋CT肝脏灌注成像,采用体灌注软件获得肝动脉灌注（HAP）,门静脉灌注（PVP）,全肝总灌注（TLP）和达峰时间（TTP）参数值,对比分析2组灌注参数值差异,采用受试者工作特征曲线（ROC）评价各灌注指标区分轻、中度肝纤维化的能力,选择约登指数最大作为截断点,计算敏感度及特异度。结果中度肝纤维化患者与轻度肝纤维化患者相比,TTP明显增加[（43．86±13．41） s vs （37．84±9．97） s ,P＝0．034）],HAP、PVP及 TLP均无显著差异。ROC分析显示,TTP阈值在41．7 s区分轻、中度肝纤维化的敏感性为72．7％,特异性为75％。结论256层螺旋CT灌注参数能反映肝纤维化的血流动力学改变,TTP有助于区分轻、中度肝纤维化。     

Quantitative dual energy CT measurements in rabbit VX2 liver tumors: Comparison to perfusion CT measurements and histopathological findings

Purpose

To evaluate the correlation between quantitative dual energy CT and perfusion CT measurements in rabbit VX2 liver tumors.

Materials and methods

This study was approved by the institutional animal care and use committee at our institution. Nine rabbits with VX2 liver tumors underwent contrast-enhanced dual energy CT and perfusion CT. CT attenuation for the tumors and normal liver parenchyma and tumor-to-liver ratio were obtained at the 140 kVp, 80 kVp, average weighted images and dual energy CT iodine maps. Quantitative parameters for the viable tumor and adjacent liver were measured with perfusion CT. The correlation between the enhancement values of the tumor in iodine maps and perfusion CT parameters of each tumor was analyzed. Radiation dose from dual energy CT and perfusion CT was measured.

Results

Enhancement values for the tumor were higher than that for normal liver parenchyma at the hepatic arterial phase (P < 0.05). The highest tumor-to-liver ratio was obtained in hepatic arterial phase iodine map. Hepatic blood flow of the tumor was higher than that for adjacent liver (P < 0.05). Enhancement values of hepatic tumors in the iodine maps positively correlated with permeability of capillary vessel surface (r = 0.913, P < 0.001), hepatic blood flow (r = 0.512, P = 0.010), and hepatic blood volume (r = 0.464, P = 0.022) at the hepatic arterial phases. The effective radiation dose from perfusion CT was higher than that from DECT (P < 0.001).

Conclusions

The enhancement values for viable tumor tissues measured in iodine maps were well correlated to perfusion CT measurements in rabbit VX2 liver tumors. Compared with perfusion CT, dual energy CT of the liver required a lower radiation dose.     

双源CT双能量碘图评价主动脉病变肾灌注水平

目的:探讨双源CT双能量成像碘图评价主动脉病变患者肾灌注水平的临床应用价值.方法:10例主动脉病变患者行CT血管成像(CTA)后行双能量扫描,应用Liver VNC程序,重建肾灌注碘图,测量双肾实质正常灌注及低灌注感兴趣区的CT值、碘浓度、对比增强率及脂肪分类.结果:10例受检者CTA共扫描20侧肾脏,其中6侧灌注异常减低.双能量碘图检查结果与CTA一致;肾脏低灌注区的碘浓度和对比增强率低于对照侧,差异有统计学意义(t=5.08,P＜0.05;t=4.16,P＜0.05);0.5融合图像低灌注区CT值低于对照侧,差异有统计学意义(t=6.20,P＜0.05);肾低灌注区与对照侧的脂肪分类差异无统计学意义(t=1.94,P=0.08).结论:应用双能量碘图可直观显示肾灌注水平,测量感兴趣区CT值、碘浓度和对比增强率等定量指标可反映肾灌注水平,与CTA联合应用有助于准确评价主动脉病变患者的肾灌注水平.     

Diagnostic accuracy of cardiac computed tomography angiography for myocardial infarction

AIM:To investigate diagnostic accuracy of high,low and mixed voltage dual energy computed tomography(DECT) for detection of prior myocardial infarction(MI).METHODS:Twenty-four consecutive patients(88% male,mean age 65 ± 11 years old) with clinically documented prior MI(> 6 mo) were prospectively recruited to undergo late phase DECT for characterization of their MI.Computed tomography(CT) examinations were performed using a dual source CT system(64-slice Definition or 128-slice Definition FLASH,Siemens Healthcare) with initial first pass and 10 min late phase image acquisitions.Using the 17-segment model,regional systolic function was analyzed using first pass CT as normal or abnormal(hypokinetic,akinetic,dyskinetic).Regions with abnormal systolic function were identified as infarct segments.Late phase DE scans were reconstructed into:140 kVp,100 kVp,mixed(120 kVp) images and iodine-only datasets.Using the same 17-segment model,each dataset was evaluated for possible(grade 2) or definite(grade 3) late phase myocardial enhancement abnormalities.Logistic regression for correlated data was used to compare reconstructions in terms of the accuracy for detecting infarct segments using late myocardial hyperenhancement scores.RESULTS:All patients reported prior history of documented myocardial infarction,with most occurring more than 5 years prior(n = 18;75% of cohort).Fiftyfive of 408(13%) segments demonstrated abnormal wall motion and were classified as infarct.The remaining 353 segments were classified as non-infarcted segments.A total of 1692 segments were analyzed for late phase enhancement abnormalities,with 91(5.5%) segments not interpretable due to artifact.Combined grades 2 and 3 compared to grade 3 only enhancement abnormalities demonstrated significantly higher sensitivity and similar specificity for detection of infarct segments for all reconstructions evaluated.Evaluation of different voltage acquisitions demonstrated the highest diagnostic performance for the 100 kVp reconstruction which had higher diagnostic accuracy(87%;95%CI:80%-90%),sensitivity(86%-93%;95%CI:54%-78%) and specificity(90%;95%CI:86%-93%) compared to the other reconstructions.For sensitivity,there were significant differences noted between 100 kVp vs 140 kVp(P<0.0005),100 kVp vs mixed(P<0.0001),and 100 kVp vs iodine only(P<0.005) using combined grade 2 and grade 3 perfusion abnormalities.For specificity,there were significant differences noted between 100 kVp vs 140 kVp(P<0.005),and 100 kVp vs mixed(P<0.01) using combined grades 2 and 3 perfusion abnormalities.CONCLUSION:Low voltage acquisition CT,100 kVp in this study,demonstrates superior diagnostic performance when compared to higher and mixed voltage acquisitions for detection of prior MI.     

双源CT心肌灌注碘成像与核素心肌灌注显像诊断犬急性心肌梗死的研究

目的 评价双源CT(DSCT)心肌灌注碘成像诊断犬实验性急性心肌梗死的可行性和准确性.方法 6只犬开胸结扎冠状动脉左前降支(LAD)建立心肌梗死模型,另3只仅开胸而不结扎LAD作为对照组,分别于术前及术后3 h行DSCT心肌灌注碘成像扫描,然后行99Tcm-甲氧基异丁异腈(MIBI)SPECT静息态心肌灌注检查.检查结...     

双能CT成像在分次团注双期CTU中的临床应用

目的:探讨分次团注双期CTU检查时双能CT成像的临床应用价值。方法:48例血尿待查患者分为两组,试验组24例,行全泌尿系CT平扫及分两次团注对比剂后行肾实质-肾盂期CTU扫描;对照组24例,行全泌尿系CT平扫及单次团注对比剂后行实质期和肾盂期双期增强扫描。实验组的肾实质-肾盂期图像的采集采用高低压瞬切双能CT扫描模式(GSI),其它所有期相的图像采集均采用普通CT扫描模式。在工作站上使用GSI后处理软件获得实质-肾盂期最佳keV图像。将CTU图像中集合系统分段,测量实验组的肾实质-肾盂期最佳keV图像和对照组的肾盂期图像中集合系统各段管腔内的CT值,并计算对比噪声比(CNR)。记录所有病例完成CTU全部检查序列的有效辐射量。两组病例CT值、CNR和有效辐射量的比较使用非参数秩和检验。结果:分次团注CTU实质-肾盂期最佳keV图像各段集合系统腔内CT值均高于常规CTU肾盂期图像,其差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。分次团注CTU实质-肾盂期最佳keV图像与常规CTU肾盂期图像各段集合系统CNR差异没有统计学意义(P>0.05)。分次团注CTU完成全部检查的有效辐射量(平均17.6mSv)明显低于常规CTU(平均25.8mSv),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:双能CT成像用于分次团注双期CTU在降低辐射量同时,可获得与常规单次团注双期CTU相同的泌尿系成像质量。     

双能量CT在肺肿瘤诊断及治疗中的研究进展

双能量CT(DECT)成像相较于传统CT成像对肺肿瘤的诊治具有独特优势。DECT可以提供不同物质定量信息,并通过多参数和定量参数分析,可提高肺结节的良恶性鉴别及肺肿瘤分型诊断的准确率,评估肺肿瘤的分级、分期,对肺肿瘤放化疗后效果及治疗后复发率等提供有效信息。能谱CT参数与预测因子的相关性,可为临床的靶向治疗提供方向。就DECT对肺肿瘤的诊断及治疗的研究进展予以综述。     

Soft tissue discrimination ex vivo by dual energy computed tomography

Purpose

Dual Energy Computed Tomography (DECT) may provide additional information about the chemical composition of tissues compared to examination with a single X-ray energy. The aim of this in vitro study was to test whether combining two energies may significantly improve the detection of soft tissue components commonly present in arterial plaques.

Methods

Tissue samples of myocardial and psoas muscle, venous and arterial thrombus as well as fat from different locations were scanned using a SOMATOM Definition Dual Source CT system (Siemens AG, Medical Solutions, Forchheim, Germany) with simultaneous tube voltages of 140 and 80 kV. The attenuation (Hounsfield units, HU) at 80 and 140 kV was measured in representative regions of interest, and the association between measured HU values and tissue types was tested with logistic regression.

Results

The combination of two energy levels (80 and 140 kV) significantly improved (p < 0.001) the ability to correctly classify venous thrombus vs arterial thrombus, myocardium or psoas; arterial thrombus vs myocardium or psoas; myocardium vs psoas; as well as the differentiation between fat tissue from various locations. Single energy alone was sufficient for distinguishing fat from other tissues.

Conclusion

DECT offers significantly improved in vitro differentiation between soft tissues occurring in plaques. If this corresponds to better tissue discrimination in vivo needs to be clarified in future studies.     

Imaging of acute pulmonary embolism using a dual energy CT system with rapid kVp switching: Initial results

Purpose

Computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) is considered as clinical gold standard for diagnosing pulmonary embolism (PE). Whereas conventional CTPA only offers anatomic information, dual energy CT (DECT) provides functional information on blood volume as surrogate of perfusion by assessing the pulmonary iodine distribution. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of lung perfusion imaging using a single-tube DECT scanner with rapid kVp switching.

Materials and methods

Fourteen patients with suspicion of acute PE underwent DECT. Two experienced radiologists assessed the CTPA images and lung perfusion maps regarding the presence of PE. The image quality was rated using a semi-quantitative 5-point scale: 1 (=excellent) to 5 (=non-diagnostic). Iodine concentrations were quantified by a ROI analysis.

Results

Seventy perfusion defects were identified in 266 lung segments: 13 (19%) were rated as consistent with PE. Five patients had signs of PE at CTPA. All patients with occlusive clots were correctly identified by DECT perfusion maps. On a per patient basis the sensitivity and specificity were 80.0% and 88.9%, respectively, while on a per segment basis it was 40.0% and 97.6%, respectively. None of the patients with a homogeneous perfusion map had an abnormal CTPA. The overall image quality of the perfusion maps was rated with a mean score of 2.6 ± 0.6. There was a significant ventrodorsal gradient of the median iodine concentrations (1.1 mg/cm³ vs. 1.7 mg/cm³).

Conclusion

Lung perfusion imaging on a DE CT-system with fast kVp-switching is feasible. DECT might be a helpful adjunct to assess the clinical severity of PE.     

双能量CT头颈部血管减影成像的效果评价及临床应用

目的：评价双能量CT在头颈部血管减影中自动去骨的效果及其临床应用价值。方法：52例临床怀疑头颈部血管疾病的患者随机分为2组,分别进行双能量CT血管减影成像和常规CT血管减影成像,分别用双能量处理软件和Neuro-DSA软件自动完成去骨,采用容积重建（VR）、最大密度投影（MIP）、多平面重组（MPR）等多种后处理方法,由两位经验丰富的放射科医生采用双盲法评价两种减影方法的去骨效果,并进行比较;同时结合非减影数据,观察血管病变情况。结果：双能量CT血管减影成像和常规CT血管减影成像的容积CT剂量指数（CTDIvol）分别为（20.5635±0.00977）mGy和（25.5746±0.55827）mGy,两者有显著性差异。两种方法对于颈动脉、椎动脉及整体头颈部血管的满意显示率分别为87.8%,68.0%,83.0%和93.5%,91.8%,92.6%,其中对于颈动脉的显示无明显差异,但双能量CT血管减影对部分椎动脉的减影效果较常规CT血管减影差,主要集中在椎动脉近颅底的部分。另外,双能量CT血管减影成像还发现了多处血管病变,临床符合率为100%。结论：相比头颈部常规CT血管减影,双能量CT血管减影辐射剂量更低,能够有效的去除绝大多数骨骼,为头颈部血管疾病的诊断提供了一种新的无创性检查方法。     

Improved detection of melanoma metastases by iodine maps from dual energy CT

ObjectiveMetastatic disease in melanoma has an unpredictable nature with deposits in rare locations such as musculature. Dual energy CT (DECT) provides high contrast-visualization of enhancement by using spectral properties of iodine. Purpose of this study was to evaluate whether iodine maps from DECT improve lesion detection in staging examinations of melanoma patients.MethodsThis retrospective study was approved by IRB and written informed consent was obtained from all patients. 75 contrast-enhanced DECT scans (thorax and abdomen) from 75 melanoma patients (n = 69 stage IV; n = 6 stage III) were analysed. For each patient, conventional CT and iodine maps were reviewed independently by two radiologists. The number of lesions detected by reviewing the iodine maps following conventional CT was recorded. Unweighted Cohens Kappa coefficient (κ) was used for concordance analysis, Wilcoxon test for comparing lesion detection rates.ResultsIn 26 patients, at least one reader found additional lesions on iodine maps (inter-reader agreement 89%, κ = 0.74 (0.742–0.747)). Compared to grey-scale images, mean detection rate for metastases improved from 86% (range 82–90) to 94% (90–99%) (p ≤ 0.01), for muscle metastases from 8% (8-8%) to 99% (98–100%) (p ≤ 0.06). Findings included 2 pulmonary emboli.ConclusionIodine maps from DECT improve detection of metastases, especially muscle metastases, and relevant findings in staging examinations of melanoma patients.     

第二代双源双能量CT心肌灌注成像的初步应用

_目的：探讨双源双能量 CT 进行心肌灌注成像的临床应用价值。方法：采用双源 CT 双能量心肌灌注成像方法对30例受检者进行扫描,对所有冠状动脉图像质量及心肌碘图灌注程度进行评分,并对冠状动脉狭窄程度进行分级,然后对冠状动脉狭窄程度与心肌碘图评分情况进行对照分析。结果：30例受检者冠状动脉 CTA 图像质量均满足诊断要求。30例受检者中有19例共计36支冠状动脉分支出现不同程度的狭窄或闭塞,其中轻度狭窄22支,中度狭窄6支,重度狭窄7支,次全闭塞1支。30例受检者心肌碘图均可进行碘分布情况评分。510个左室心肌节段中0分21个节段（4．1％）,1分75个节段（14．7％）,2分218个节段（42．7％）,3分196个节段（38．4％）。轻度、中度、重度狭窄及闭塞对应2分以上心肌节段比例分别为85．6％、76．7％、93．0％及100．0％。冠状动脉狭窄程度与心肌灌注评分之间存在不一致。结论：双能量心肌灌注作为“一站式”完成冠状动脉及心肌灌注联合评价的技术具有一定应用潜力。目前校正双能量扫描所产生的各种伪影,提高心肌灌注评分与冠状动脉狭窄程度的一致性是促进该技术广泛应用于临床的关键。     

双源CT血管造影评价冠状动脉狭窄的临床价值

目的:评价双源CT定量诊断冠状动脉狭窄的准确性及临床价值。方法:对30例临床拟诊冠心病患者分别进行双源CT和传统冠状动脉造影检查,并将双源CT判定冠状动脉狭窄程度与冠脉造影结果进行对比分析。结果:30例共计450冠脉节段,双源CT均获得满意的评价图像(3例进行心电编辑)。双源CT判定轻度狭窄38个节段,中度狭窄23个节段,重度狭窄36个节段;与冠状动脉造影结果对比,双源CT诊断冠脉狭窄的敏感性、特异性和准确性分别为94.12%、95.34%和95.11%。结论:与冠状动脉造影对比,双源CT在定量诊断冠脉狭窄方面具有较高的敏感性和特异性,可为临床诊断冠心病提供一项准确可靠的无创手段。     

正常肝脏双源CT双能量扫描碘含量及能谱曲线测量的研究

目的 探讨正常肝脏碘含量及能谱曲线特征,建立正常肝脏碘含量及能谱曲线斜率参考值.方法 对133例非器质性病变患者行双源CT双能量增强扫描,将扫描获得的数据上传至工作站进行后处理及分析,测量肝脏、腹主动脉含碘值,并计算标化含碘值(NIC)及能谱曲线斜率.结果 正常肝脏在门脉期的NIC值及能谱曲线斜率分别为0.44±0.0...