多虑平贴膏抗过敏作用实验研究

实验用０．２％和０．０５％多虑平贴膏溶液抗２，４一二硝基氯苯所致小鼠皮肤过敏反应。降低小鼠耳肿胀重量分别为１１．４±１．３和１１．６±１１．２ｍｇ，生理盐水（ＮＳ）为１５．９±２．２ｍｇ（Ｐ＜０．０１）；抗组胺所致大鼠皮肤血管扩张面积分别为０．０４±０．０６和０．４０±０．５４ｃｍ￣２，ＮＳ为１．４２±０．７１ｃｍ￣２（Ｐ＜０．０１）；提高组胺对豚鼠的致痒阈分别为６３５．５±９９和１５８±４３ｍｇ，ＮＳ为３０±２９．４μｇ（Ｐ＜０．０１）；抗炎性刺激所致毛细血管通透性吸光度分别为０．１７±０．０５和０．２０±０．１３，ＮＳ为０．３９±０．０６（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结果表明多虑平贴膏有很强的抗过敏作用，是一种新型抗过敏制剂。     

甲状腺功能亢进症的骨代谢和骨密度改变

目的　研究甲亢病人的钙磷代谢、骨代谢和骨密度改变及机理。方法　对３８ 例甲亢病人治疗前后用单能 Ｃ Ｔ（ Ｓ Ｅ Ｑ Ｃ Ｔ） 测定骨密度（ Ｂ Ｍ Ｄ） 变化,用双抗体法测定血Ⅰ型胶原羧基端前肽（ Ｃ Ｉ Ｃ Ｐ） ,骨钙素（ Ｂ Ｇ Ｐ） 和尿脱氧吡啶酚（ Ｄ Ｐ Ｄ） 排泄率的变化。结果　治疗前 Ｂ Ｍ Ｄ 明显降低［ 男（１２０±８） ｍｇ／ｃｍ ３ Ｈ Ａ,女（１１４ ±７ ．２） ｍ ｇ／ｃｍ ３ Ｈ Ａ］ 治疗后都恢复正常。血 Ｂ Ｇ Ｐ 男性从（１５ ．２ ±７ ．９）μｇ／ Ｌ 下降到（７ ．５ ±２ ．８）μｇ／ Ｌ（ Ｐ＜ ０ ．０５） ,女性从（１６ ．４ ±７ ．１）μｇ／ Ｌ 下降到（６ ．８ ±２ ．１） μｇ／ Ｌ（ Ｐ＜ ０ ．０１） 。血 Ｃ Ｉ Ｃ Ｐ 男性从（１８５ ±２３ ．５）ｎｇ／ ｍｌ 下降到（７０ ±１０ ．４）ｎｇ／ ｍｌ（ Ｐ＜ ０ ．０５） ,女性从（１６４ ±１６ ．２）ｎｇ／ ｍｌ 下降到（６９ ±９ ．２）ｎｇ／ ｍｌ（ Ｐ＜ ０ ．０５） 。尿 Ｄ． Ｐ． Ｄ 男性从（１３ ．７ ±２ ．５）ｎ Ｍ／ ｍ Ｍ 下降到（３ ．４ ±１ ．０） ｎ Ｍ／ ｍ Ｍ（ Ｐ＜ ０ ．０１） ,女性从（１４ ．６ ±２ ．３）ｎ Ｍ／ ｍ Ｍ 下降到（４ ．５ ±１ ．２     

实验动物新型垫料的研究Ⅰ．蒲草的生物学特性及吸水、吸氨、保暖性能测定

蒲草表面光洁，质地柔软。通气组织蓬松，呈海绵状，约占据整个横切面的４／５．１ｇ蒲草２４Ｌ吸水４．０８±０．０８ｇ，高于刨花（吸水量２．９５±０．６４ｇ，Ｐ＜０．０５）和玉米棒芯（吸水量２．７６±０．２１ｇ，Ｐ＜０．０１）。贮放一年后蒲草吸水（吸水量４．３５±０．２５，Ｐ＞０．０５）性能不受影响。小鼠饲养实验结果，换笼后第４天及第７天蒲草垫料笼内氨浓度分别为７．３８±０．７２，１４．１０±０．６７ｍｇ／ｍ３，略低于刨花组（氨浓度分别为７．６５±２．２６，１４．４５±０．９３ｍｇ／ｍ３，Ｐ＞０．０５），显著低于玉米棒芯组（氨浓度分别为１０．０８±０．６８，１８．９９±１．４１ｍｇ／ｍ３，Ｐ＜０．０１）。在室温１４．４±２．１℃下，小鼠离巢５，１０，１５ｍｉｎ后巢内余温分别为１７．８±０．７，１６．７±１．３，１５．３±２．６℃，均略高于刨花组和玉米棒芯组。     

金黄仓鼠颊囊血流动力学和血液流变学参数测定

测定３０只６￣１１周龄，体重７５￣１２０ｇ叙利亚金黄仓鼠的颊囊微血管血流速度和血流量以及全血比粘度、血浆比粘度、红细胞压积和红细胞电泳时间。测得数值分别为０．３６±０．０１ｍｍ／ｓ、１０４．５５±４．２７×１０＾３μｇ＾３／ｓ，１４．４５±１．０３ｃＰ（低初）／６．７１±０．７７ｃＰ（高切）、１．５４±０．０８ｃＰ，２６．６１±３．８ｍｍ、４．４９±０．８７ｓ，无性别和周龄差异。     

实验吸入氢对鼠动脉血压、脑血管阻力的影响和脑皮质下血流量测量

采用氢清除法和计算机（自编程序），测量２９只Ｗｉｓｔａｒ鼠脑皮质下等１４个部位ＬＣＢＦ的同时，观察吸入氢对脑血管阻力和血压的影响。发现动脉血压明显下降，ＭＡＥＰ下降为４．８±１．３ｋＰａ（Ｐ＜０．０１）。ＣＶＲ降低为０．０８±０．０３ｋＰａ·ｍ１－１·１００ｇ－１·ｍｉｎ－１（Ｐ＜０．０５）。其机制可能是血管平滑肌舒张和脑血管自身调节造成的。两侧脑尾核壳核、苍白球、海马ｍ－ＬＣＢＦ分别为６１．９６±６．１７、７５．３０±５．９０、７５．９１±１０．３５ｍｌ·１００ｇ－１·ｍｉｎ－１。两侧脑全部的ｍ－ＬＣＢＦ进行ｔ检验均无统计学意义（Ｐ＞０．０５）。     

新补益汤对记忆获得与血小板聚集的作用

新补益汤是一补肝肾的复方，经药理实验证明：给小鼠灌服新补益汤２０ｇ／ｋｇ，１次／ｄ，５ｄ。结果发现，在跳台实验中该方能对抗东莨菪碱所致小鼠学习记忆获得障碍，延长错误潜伏期１１７．５±７１．８ｓ，对照组为１３．４±１４．９ｓ（Ｐ＜０．０１），减少错误次数０．８±０．７次，对照组为２．５±１．４次（Ｐ＜０．０１）。该方还能对抗二磷酸腺苷（ＡＤＰ）诱导的大鼠血小板（Ｐｔ）聚集，Ｐｔ聚集率为４１．３５±１．７％，对照组为４９．４７±３．８％（Ｐ＜０．０１）。另外还发现，杞菊地黄丸也能对ＡＤＰ诱导的大鼠Ｐｔ聚集有明显的抑制作用，Ｐｔ聚集率为３５．８６±３．１％，对照组为４９．４７±３．８％（Ｐ＜０．０１）。     

防风的抗凝作用实验研究

为了观察防风有无抗凝作用，给小鼠腹腔注射防风正丁醇萃取物后测定了凝血时间和出血时间。结果，用玻片法测得的凝血时间，生理盐水组为０．６±０．２ｍｉｎ，而防风８ｇ／ｋｇ组为１．７±１．０ｍｉｎ（Ｐ＜０．００１），４ｇ／ｋｇ组为１．３±１．０ｍｉｎ（Ｐ＜０．０１）：用毛细管法测得的凝血时间，生理盐水组为１．６±０．６ｍｉｎ，防风组分别为２．９±１．０ｍｉｎ（Ｐ＜０．００１）和２．２±０．８（Ｐ＜０．０５）；用断尾法测得的出血时间，生理盐水组为１２．６±４．８ｍｉｎ，防风组分别为１７．３±５．６ｍｉｎ（Ｐ＜０．０１）和１６．１±３．０ｍｉｎ（Ｐ＜０．０１）．结果提示防风正丁醇萃取物有明显的抗凝作用。     

卡托普利治疗高血压病伴糖尿病及糖尿病肾病的临床观察

选择２６例原发性高血压（ＥＨ）伴Ⅱ型糖尿病（ＮＩＤＤＭ），其中糖尿病肾病（ＤＮ）１２例，加用卡托普利３７．５～１１２．５ｍｇ／日口服治疗，共４周．结果：收缩压（ＳＢＰ）／舒张庄（ＤＢＰ）由２１．９±２．３／１３．５±０．５ｋｐ＿ａ降为１９．３±１．５／１２．２±０．８Ｋｐ＿ａ（Ｐ＜０．０１），空腹血糖／餐后２小时血糖由１０．７±４．５／１３．７±３．９ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ减为６．５±１．６／１０．２±２．７ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ（Ｐ＜０．０１）；２４小时尿蛋白由１．９±０．３ｇ减为０．６±０．３ｇ（Ｐ＜０．０１）．表明该药在降压的同时确有改善糖代谢、降低尿蛋白排泄的作用。     

不同pH值丁卡因咽喉部表面麻醉药代动力学实验研究

本文研究了不同ｐＨ值丁卡因溶液咽喉部给药后药代动力学。１２只家兔随机分为ｐＨ７．４组或４．７组，咽喉部粘膜表面分别喷雾ｐＨ７．４或４．７丁卡因溶液，５ｍｇ／ｋｇ．高效液相色谱法测定丁卡因血药浓度。ｐＨ７．４与４．７丁卡因溶液药代动力学参数分别为３．１８±３．０４和１．２９±０．７４ｍｉｎ；Ｃｍａｘ分别为３１８．２９±１７５．５９和８７８．８１±３４７．２９ｎｇ／ｍｌ；Ｔｐｅａｋ分别为２．５２±１．１２和１．７９±０．４０ｍｉｎ：Ｖｄ分别为１３．６０±７．４０和４．３０±２．００ｍｌ／ｋｇ；Ｃｌｓ分别为３０２．５６６±１６４．２５和１５３．８７±８４．２２ｎｇ．ｍｌ－１／ｍｉｎ，组间均有显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０５或＜０．０１）。小鼠肠肌组织中ｐＨ值７．４和４．７丁卡因含量分别为６．３７±３．２和１．３８±１．２０ｍｇ／ｇ（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结果表明ｐＨ值７．４丁卡因溶液分布到血液中速度慢，血药浓度低，组织浓度高，代谢快，不易发生中毒。     

B超在检测慢性胆囊炎及胆石症患者胆囊运动功能中的价值

应用实时超声检测３８例慢性胆囊炎及１４例胆囊结石症患者液体脂餐后的胆囊排空功能，并与１８例正常人相比较，结果显示：慢性胆囊炎组、胆囊结石症组及对照组空腹胆囊容积分别为（２３．８±５．４）ｍｌ，（２５．４±７．３）ｍｌ及（２０．２±５．７）ｍｌ（Ｐ＜０．０５）；剩余容积分别为（１０．８±３．９）ｍｌ、（１１．９±５．５）ｍｌ及（６．５±３．１）ｍｌ（Ｐ＜０．０１）；最大排空率分别为（５１．３±１７．８）％、（５４．５±１３）％及（６５．１±１２．７）％（Ｐ＜０．０５）。该文结果表明慢性胆囊炎及胆囊结石症患者存在胆囊排空功能障碍。实时超声检查因其操作简单且无创伤性，可广泛用于临床测定胆囊运动功能     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.