47例重症胆源性胰腺炎手术治疗时机探讨

目的：探讨重症胆源性胰腺炎的诊断和手术时机。方法：2005年6月至2008年12月收治重症胆源性胰腺炎47例,根据有无胆道梗阻分为两类：重症非梗阻型;重症梗阻型,对其临床治疗结果进行回顾性分析和总结。结果：重症非梗阻型22例,重症梗阻型25例。重症梗阻型和重症非梗阻型早期手术的并发症的发生率高、平均住院日长,与延期手术比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,但重症梗阻型胰腺炎早期手术死亡率明显低于延期手术（P〈0.05）。结论：手术时机对重症胆源性胰腺炎患者的预后有重大影响,早期宜行保守治疗,根据患者个体情况选择适当时机进行手术治疗是减少并发症、提高治愈率的关键。     

重症胆源性胰腺炎47例手术治疗分析

目的:探讨重症胆源性胰腺炎的手术时机和方式。方法:重症胆源性胰腺炎47例分为非梗阻型22例和重症梗阻型25例,对其临床治疗进行回顾性分析和总结。结果:重症梗阻型和非梗阻型早期手术并发症的发生率高、平均住院日长,与延期手术比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但重症梗阻型胰腺炎早期手术死亡率明显低于延期手术(P<0.05)。结论:手术时机对重症胆源性胰腺炎患者的预后有重大影响,早期宜行保守治疗,根据患者个体情况选择适当时机进行手术是减少并发症、提高治愈率的关键。     

急性胆源性胰腺炎160例治疗方法探讨

目的:探讨急性胆源性胰腺炎的治疗方法和手术时机.方法:回顾性分析急性胆源性胰腺炎160例,其中轻症非梗阻型34例、轻症梗阻型62例、重症非梗阻型34例、重症梗阻型30例,对比不同治疗方法下各型患者的死亡率、功能不全脏器数.结果:在轻症非梗阻型、轻症梗阻型病例中,不同治疗方法间各指标比较无统计学意义(P>0.05).重症非梗阻型34例中,早期手术死亡率、功能不全脏器数和非手术患者相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);重症梗阻型30例中,早期手术死亡率和非手术患者相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:对急性胆源性胰腺炎应分型而治.轻症非梗阻型.非手术治疗效果好;轻症梗阻型,一般采取保守治疗,然后择期手术治疗;重症非梗阻型,先积极保守治疗,再根据胰腺坏死是否感染决定是否手术;重症梗阻型,先行短期(24～72小时)积极的非手术治疗,若胆道梗阻未解除,则急诊手术解除胆道梗阻.     

急性胆源性胰腺炎手术治疗时机探讨

目的探讨急性胆源性胰腺炎的诊断和手术时机。方法选择2009-10～2011-10期间我院收治的急性胆源性胰腺炎患者36例,根据有无胆道梗阻分为非梗阻型和梗阻型两类,对其临床治疗结果进行回顾性分析和总结。结果非梗阻型16例,梗阻型20例。梗阻型和非梗阻型早期手术并发症的发生率高、平均住院日长。与延期手术比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但梗阻型胰腺炎早期手术死亡率明显低于延期手术(P<0.05)。结论手术时机对急性胆源性胰腺炎患者的预后有重大影响,早期宜行保守治疗,根据患者个体情况选择适当时机进行手术治疗是减少并发症、提高治愈率的关键。     

急性胆源性胰腺炎76例临床治疗探析

目的对急性胆源性胰腺炎的有效临床治疗方案进行探究。方法回顾性分析我院自2007年2月～2011年9月收治的76例急性胆源性胰腺炎患者的临床治疗资料。结果根据76例急性胆源性胰腺炎患者的患病程度,分别给予非手术、早期手术和延期手术三种治疗。轻症非梗阻型患者在治疗中未出现死亡和并发症;轻症梗阻型患者经非手术治疗后出现3例并发症,经早期手术治疗后出现2例并发症,经延期手术治疗后出现2例并发症。重症非梗阻型患者经非手术治疗后出现1例死亡和1例并发症,经早期手术治疗后出现2例死亡和2例并发症,经延期手术治疗后出现1例并发症。重症梗阻型患者经非手术治疗后出现1例死亡和1例并发症,经早期手术治疗后出现2例死亡和3例并发症,经延期手术治疗后出现2例并发症、无死亡。结论轻症患者宜采取非手术治疗,如果存在梗阻可先采取保守治疗,若未解除梗阻,再进行手术治疗;重症型患者宜采取保守治疗与延期手术治疗。     

急性胆源性胰腺炎126例诊治分析

目的 探讨急性胆源性胰腺炎（ABP）的诊治方法与手术时机.方法 回顾性分析2005年1月至2009年12月126例ABP的临床资料.结果 轻症非梗阻型54例、轻症梗阻型33例、重症非梗阻型15例、重症梗阻型24例.早期手术43例,延期手术80例,3例暴发性重症胰腺炎未行手术已死亡.治愈117例（92.86%）,9例（7.14%）重症急性胰腺炎死亡.结论 对ABP应分型而治,同时根据患者个体情况选择适当时机行手术治疗是减少并发症、提高治愈率的关键.     

50例重症胆源性梗阻型胰腺炎早期手术治疗的疗效评价

目的探讨重症胆源性梗阻型胰腺炎早期手术治疗的临床疗效。方法选取我院2012年4月至2014年8月重症胆源性梗阻型胰腺炎患者50例,所有患者均采取手术治疗,但其中27例患者在早期进行手术(早期组),23例患者延期进行手术(延期组),比较两组不同手术时间所取得的效果。结果早期组患者并发症发生率和病死率均低于延期组患者,且住院时间比延期组患者短,差异明显(P0.05)。结论重症胆源性梗阻型胰腺炎患者采取早期手术治疗,可降低其并发症发生率和死亡率,缩短住院时间,值得推广。     

胆源性重症急性胰腺炎手术时机的临床分析

目的:探讨胆源性重症急性胰腺炎的手术时机。方法:回顾性分析280例胆源性重症急性胰腺炎患者的手术预后。结果:重症非梗阻型胰腺炎患者中,早期手术的住院时间显著短于晚期手术(P<0.01),并发症率和死亡率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。重症梗阻型胰腺炎患者中,早期手术的住院时间和死亡率均显著低于晚期手术(P<0.05),并发症率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:应该根据病情变化来选择手术时机。对于重症非梗阻型患者,可以先考虑保守治疗;对于重症梗阻型患者,宜早期进行手术。如果患者伴有化脓性胆管炎,则不管是否梗阻,均应早期进行手术。     

急性胆源性胰腺炎临床治疗探察

目的探讨有效的急性胆源性胰腺炎临床治疗方案.方法回顾分析2010年1月~2012年1月收治的65例急性胆源性胰腺炎患者的临床资料.结果在轻型急性胆源性胰腺炎患者组中,轻症非梗阻型患者没有出现并发症,无一例死亡;轻症梗阻型患者出现3例并发症,无一例死亡.在重型急性胆源性胰腺炎患者中,重症非梗阻型患者出现4例并发症,1例死亡;重症梗阻型患者出现4例并发症,2例死亡.结论选择恰当的方法是治疗急性胆源性胰腺炎的重要保证.对于轻型急性胆源性胰腺炎而言,非手术治疗是主要的方法;对于重型急性胆源性胰腺炎而言,延期手术和保守治疗是主要的方法.     

急性胆源性胰腺炎75例的外科诊治

目的：探讨急性胆源性胰腺炎的外科治疗方法。方法回顾性分析收治的75例急性胆源性胰腺炎患者的临床资料,依据 APACHE 一Ⅱ评分及胆道有无梗阻分为轻型非梗阻型（54例）、重症非梗阻型（6例）、轻型梗阻型（10例）和重症梗阻型（5例）。非梗阻型先采用保守治疗,病情缓解后实施延期或择期手术。轻型梗阻型应在严密监测下积极保守治疗24～72 h,病情无好转,及时手术。重症梗阻型在保守治疗的基础上应早期手术解除胆道梗阻。结果非胆道梗阻型61例全部经非手术治疗后病情缓解,41例延期或择期手术,术后恢复顺利。胆道梗阻型患者急诊及延期手术治疗15例,其中2例重症患者术后死亡。结论在治疗急性胆源性胰腺炎时,应对患者病情作出综合评估,注意区分胆道有无梗阻,轻型患者首先保守治疗,重症患者应采用非手术治疗与个体化治疗相结合的处理原则。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.