血清胱抑素C检测在慢性肾病早期临床应用评价

目的:了解血清胱抑素C的检测在慢性肾病患者中的临床意义.方法:对63例糖尿病肾病,35肾病综合征42例高血压慢性肾病患者与68名正常人群,按GFR分为A、B、C三组分别测各组血清Cys C、GFR、Scr、尿mAlb和尿β2-MG.结果:Cys C作为评价肾功能的重要内源性指标,在慢性肾病早期临床应用中越来越受到重视,本研究表明慢性肾病血清Cys C随病情进展敏感性,特异性和准确性明显高于Scr、尿mAlb和尿β2-MG.结论:Cys C、GFR、尿mAlb和尿β2-MG作为慢性肾病早期诊断的指标,Cys C更能准确的反应慢性肾病病人的GFR,对于监测慢性肾病早期更具有临床应用价值.     

血清胱抑素C测定在糖尿病肾病早期肾损伤中的检测价值

目的：检测血清半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂C（胱抑素C,Cys—C）浓度,评价其对糖尿病肾病患者的早期诊断价值。方法：应用乳胶颗粒增强散射免疫比浊法（PENIA）测定88例糖尿病患者和30名健康体检者的血清Cys—C浓度,并同时测定血清肌酐（SCr）、β2-微球蛋白（β2-MG）、糖化血红蛋白A1c）HbA1c）、尿微量白蛋白（UMA）和尿肌酐（UCr）,计算出内生肌酐清除率（CCr）。比较Cys-C与其他指标的相关性。结果：微量白蛋白尿组和临床白蛋白尿组的Cys—C、SCr、CCr、β2-MG、UMA均较正常白蛋白尿组和健康对照组有显著性差异;Pearson相关分析显示：糖尿病患者血Cys—C与SCr、β2-MG、UMA呈正相关,与CCr呈负相关。结论：Cys-C在评价糖尿病患者的肾功能状况时与SCr的相关性好且灵敏度高于Ccr、UMA和β2-MG等肾小球滤过率标志物。故Cys—C对糖尿病肾病早期诊断价值较其他指标更高。     

血清胱抑素c检测在糖尿病肾病患者肾功能评价中的价值

目的探讨血清胱抑素C的检测对糖尿病肾病患者的肾功能评价的临床价值.方法选取2010年2月~2012年2月期间我院收治的200例糖尿病患者为研究对象,依据24h尿微量蛋白排泄率的检查结果将其中110例单纯糖尿病患者分为A组,将90例糖尿病肾病患者分为B组.对比分析两组Cys C(血清胱抑素C)、Scr(血清肌酐)和Sur(血尿素)结果 Cys C与Scr和Sur呈正相关,且B组Cys C浓度明显高于A组,两组相比P<0.05,差异显著.结论 Cys C诊断糖尿病肾病的灵敏度和特异性很好,操作简便,可以作为肾小球滤过率的指标.     

99Tcm-DTPA肾动态显像与胱抑素C对肝病肾损害的诊断价值

目的探讨血清胱抑素C(Cys C)检测与99 Tcm-二乙三胺五醋酸肾动态显像(99 Tcm-DTPA RDI)在早期肝病肾损害中的价值。方法将65例肝病患者按照其内生肌酐清除率(CCr)值分为3组,并采用99 Tcm-DTPA RDI检测肾小球滤过率(GFR),同时测Cys C和血清肌酐(SCr)水平,采用统计学方法分析结果。结果在肝病患者中,99 Tcm-DTPA RDI测得的GFR与Cys C随SCr的下降呈明显改变,对早期肾脏的损害明显优于SCr(P<0.05)。相关性分析提示在肝病肾损害的患者中,Cys C、GFR与CCr有明显的负相关关系(P<0.001),而GFR相关性更高。结论 Cys C检测与99 Tcm-DTPA RDI在肝病患者中能更为早期准确地发现肾功能损害,对临床有效防止肝肾综合征的发生有着积极意义。     

慢性肾脏病不同时期血清CysC 、β2-MG的变化特点及其与Scr的相关性研究

目的探讨慢性肾脏病(CKD)不同时期血清胱抑素C(cystatin C,CysC)和β2-微球蛋白(β2-MG)的变化特点及其与血肌酐(Scr)的相关性。方法根据肾小球滤过率(GFR)将研究对象分为CKD 1、2、3、4、5期组,测定不同肾功能时期Cy-sC、β2-MG、Scr、尿素氮(BUN)水平,分别与CKD1期组比较并将各期CysC、β2-MG和Scr进行相关性分析。结果 CKD2、3、4、5期组cystatin C、β2-MG与CKD1组比较有统计学意义(P<0.01)。而CKD3、4、5期组SCr、BUN与CKD1组比较才有统计学意义(P<0.01)。相关分析显示,385例患者血清cystatin C与SCr之间呈正相关(r=0.85,P<0.01),β2-MG与SCr之间呈正相关(r=0.88,P<0.01);除CKD2期组SCr与cystatin C、β2-MG没有相关性外,其余各组SCr与cystatin C、β2-MG均有相关性。结论慢性肾脏病患者的血清cysattniC、β2-MG在CKD2期就明显升高,提示在轻度肾功能不全患者中,CysC、β2-MG的灵敏度要明显优于SCr;CysC、β2-MG比SCr能更及时、早期反映GFR的下降。     

血清胱抑素C和C-反应蛋白对诊断痛风患者早期肾功能损伤的作用

目的:探讨胱抑素C(Cys C)和超敏C-反应蛋白(hs-CRP)对诊断痛风患者早期肾功能损伤的临床价值。方法:选择120例痛风早期肾功能损伤患者为A组,选择90例单纯痛风无肾功能损害者为B组,选择80例健康者为C组。比较三组血清Cys C、尿酸(UA)及hs-CRP水平的变化。结果:A组、B组及C组血清Cys C、UA及hs-CRP水平依次降低(P<0.01);A组患者血清Cys C、UA及hs-CRP与肾小球滤过率(GFR)显著相关(P<0.05)。结论:Cys C可敏感地反应痛风患者早期肾功能损伤,CRP、UA参与了痛风患者早期肾功能损伤机制。三者联合检测有利于早期发现痛风肾功能损害,改善患者预后。     

胱抑素尿β2微球蛋白及尿肾损伤分子-1与老年糖尿病肾损伤诊断临床应用研究

目的:研究老年2型糖尿病患者血清胱抑素(Cys C)及尿β2微球蛋白(β2-MG)及尿肾损伤分子-1(KIM-1)在肾功能早期损伤的监测价值。方法:比较不同24h尿微量清蛋白排泄率(UAER)的老年糖尿病患者Cys C、尿β2-MG、尿KIM-1、尿素氮(BUN)及肌酐(Cr)UN的浓度,研究Cys C、尿β2-MG、尿KIM-1、BUN及Cr与UAER的相关性。并对几种指标对肾早期损伤诊断进行方法学评价。结果:EDN组及CDN组与其他各组比较Cys C、尿β2-MG、尿KIM-1均有统计学差异(P<0.05),对照组与SDM组Cys C、尿β2-MG、尿KIM-1比较无统计学差异(P>0.05),Cys C、尿β2-MG、尿KIM-1对糖尿病肾早期损伤的灵敏性优于BUN、Cr;相关性分析,UAER与Cys C(r=0.673,P<0.05)、尿β2-MG(r=0.562,P<0.05)、尿KIM-1(r=0.649,P<0.05)呈正相关,UAER与BUN、Cr无相关性(P>0.05);在对糖尿病肾早期损伤的诊断中,以Cys C、尿KIM-1灵敏度较高,尿β2-MG、尿KIM-1特异度较高。结论:胱抑素、β2-MG及尿KIM-1对老年糖尿病患者早期肾功能损伤诊断有重要的临床应用价值。     

早期糖尿病肾病患者血清Cys-C、β2-MG、BUN、SCr临床观察与研究

目的 探索检测血清胱抑素C （Cys-C）,与β2微球蛋白（β2-MG）、血清肌酐（SCr）、尿素（BUN）对糖尿病肾病患者早期诊断的价值.方法 应用颗粒增强免疫比浊法测定101例健康体检者（对照组）和112例糖尿病患者（糖尿病肾病组）的血清胱抑素C、β2微球蛋白;酶法测定血清肌酐及尿素浓度.结果 早期糖尿病肾病组Cys-C（1.251±0.43）、β2-MG （3.49±0.48）、SCr（74.2±21.2）、BUN （5.12±1.91）均较对照组明显增高,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）;早期糖尿病肾病组Cys-C、β2-MG和BUN、SCr阳性率分别为80.8％、88.4％、31.2％、33.0％;Cys-C与β2-MG的相关系数r =0.99589,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）.结论 胱抑素C是一个能较好反映肾小球滤过率的指标,其评价糖尿病患者肾功能状况的特异性好于β2微球蛋白,灵敏度高于SCr、BUN.     

血清胱抑素C与尿微量白蛋白在糖尿病肾病中的诊断价值

目的探讨血清胱抑素C（Cys C）和尿微量白蛋白（mAlb）在糖尿病肾病早期肾功能损害中的临床诊断意义。方法 52例糖尿病肾病组患者采用终点散射比浊法测定血清胱抑素C和免疫透射比浊法检测尿微量白蛋白;常规生化测定血肌酐（Scr）、尿素氮（BUN）,同时以20例健康体检者为对照。结果糖尿病肾病组患者血清胱抑素C和尿微量白蛋白水平均高于阴性对照组,差异有显著性（P〈0.01）,血清胱抑素C和尿微量白蛋白检出率显著高于血清肌酐和尿素氮,Cys C与Scr呈显著正相关（r=0.435,P〈0.05）。结论血清胱抑素C和尿微量白蛋白的检测有助于肾小球滤过功能的评估,可作为糖尿病肾病早期肾功损害的敏感指标;联合检测可提高糖尿病早期肾功能损害检出率,有助于早期防治及延缓病情进展。     

胱抑素-C在肾脏疾病中的应用价值

目的探讨肾脏疾病患者胱抑素C(Cys-C)的变化及临床意义。方法用速率法测定血清及尿胱抑素、血清肌酐(Scr)、血清尿素(BUN),24小时尿蛋白,用化学发光法测定血β2-微球蛋白(β2-MG)。并根据公式计算出肌酐清除率(Ccr)。结果肾脏疾病的患者血清及尿Cys-C与健康对照组相比存在显著性差异(P<0.01),且Cys-C浓度与BUN、肌酐(Cr)、β2-MG呈显著相关性。结论Cys-C能准确,敏感地反映肾小球滤过率(GFR),其反映肾功能的变化不受诸多肾外因素的干扰,是一种理想的GFR标志物,对于肾脏疾病的诊断具有重要的临床意义。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.