腹腔镜肝切除治疗肝细胞癌123例临床分析

目的 探讨腹腔镜肝切除治疗肝细胞癌(HCC)的临床应用价值.方法 总结2002年4月至2007年12月接受腹腔镜肝切除的123例HCC患者的临床资料,其中男性82例,女性41例,平均年龄53.8岁(31～69岁).肝功能Child A级89例,Child B级27例.结果 手术方式包括中转开腹肝切除4例(肝静脉出血),完全腹腔镜肝切除93例(规则性切除52例、不规则性切除41例),腹腔镜辅助肝切除26例.平均手术时间(205.5±92.5)min(115～290 min).出血量100～1500 ml,平均250 ml.输血21例,输血量400～800 ml.切除肝体积最大18 cm×16 cm×12 cm.病灶直径1.8～8.0 cm,平均(4.5±2.7)cm.5例出现少量胆漏,经引流后愈合;8例出现少量腹水(均为肝功能Child B级),经对症治疗后消失.1例术中死于肝中静脉出血及气体栓塞.术后住院3～15 d,平均(5.8±1.6)d.术后随访(28.1±10.5)个月(4～61个月),复发5例,未发现腹腔及穿刺孔转移.结论 腹腔镜肝切除具有创伤小、恢复快等优点,在一定条件下可作为治疗HCC的一种新方法 .     

腹腔镜肝切除术与开腹肝切除术治疗肝细胞癌的疗效评估

目的 探讨腹腔镜肝切除术与开腹肝切除术治疗肝细胞癌的疗效。方法 采用回顾性分析方法。收集2015年1月31日至2017年1月31日160例在解放军总医院第五医学中心肝胆外科行肝切除术的肝细胞癌患者的临床及病理资料,其中行腹腔镜肝切除术（A组）患者80 例,行开腹肝切除术（B组）患者80例。观察指标：（1）手术时间、术中出血量、切口长度、术后首次下床时间、术后首次进食时间、住院时间;（2）术后第1天的肝功能、白细胞、降钙素原及术后并发症等情况;（3）两组患者术后生活质量量表（QLQC 30评分）情况;（4）随访患者术后生存时间,分析手术方式与患者长期生存及无复发生存率之间的关系。结果 （1）术中情况：A组患者手术时间、术中出血量、切口长度及住院时间均少于B组患者（P＜0.05）,术后首次下床时间、术后首次进食时间均早于B组患者（P＜0.05）。（2）术后情况：A组患者术后第1 天的肝功能、血常规及降钙素原等明显好于B组患者（P＜0.05）,A组患者术后发生腹腔感染、胸水等并发症低于B组患者（P＜0.05）。（3）两组患者术后3 个月的QLQ-C 30 较术前评分均升高,A组患者术后3 个月的QLQ-C 30 评分明显高于B组患者（P＜0.05）。（4）A组患者术后3 年生存率及术后1 年无复发生存率均好于B组患者。结论 腹腔镜肝切除术治疗肝细胞癌安全可行,并发症少,能提高患者生存质量,值得临床推广应用。     

腹腔镜下左肝叶切除术：1例肝细胞癌合并肝硬化患者的视频报道

视频中的患者是1名51岁因肝细胞癌收治于外科和肝移植病房的患者。该患者合并HCV感染引起的肝硬化并门静脉高压形成及食管曲张形态为F1。Child-Pugh评分为B级7分,终末期肝病模型评分为11分,BMI指数为26.7,ASA评分为2分。既往无腹部手术史。多学科诊疗团队意见是为患者实施腹腔镜下左肝叶切除术。术中未采用Pringle法行肝门阻断。手术时间为193min,失血量约为100mL,术中无输血。患者术后恢复平稳,Clavien-Dindo分级为1级,并于术后第8天出院。笔者的经验是有经验的手术团队可以在需要手术的肝硬化患者中适当地实施腹腔镜手术。     

腹腔镜与开腹肝切除术治疗肝细胞癌临床疗效的真实世界比较研究

背景与目的：目前,腹腔镜肝切除术治疗肝细胞癌(HCC)的适应证已逐渐趋同于开腹肝切除术,腹腔镜肝切除术的可行性、安全性、有效性也逐步得到证实。但在手术方式的选择上外科医师往往存在选择偏倚,故腹腔镜和开腹肝切除术的选择也有待在不同的人群和医学中心仔细评估,且时至今日,仍有学者对腹腔镜肝切除术的不良肿瘤学结局心存疑虑。因此,本研究分析比较腹腔镜与开腹肝切除术治疗HCC的临床疗效。方法：回顾性分析2016年1月1日—2020年12月31日在中南大学湘雅医院517例因HCC施行肝切除术的患者临床资料。其中,196例行腹腔镜肝切除术(腹腔镜组),321例行开腹肝切除术(开腹手术组)。分析比较两组患者一般资料、围手术期情况及随访指标。结果：一般资料中,腹腔镜组与开腹手术组患者的肿瘤分期、肿瘤直径、术前白蛋白水平及肝切除部位方面的差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05),其余差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。围手术期指标中,腹腔镜组的中位术中出血量(200.00 mL vs. 300.00 mL)、术后中位住院时间(6 d vs. 8 d)、术后肝功能恢复、术后并发症发生率(6.63%vs....     

腹腔镜肝切除手术治疗肝细胞癌的若干问题探讨

由于肝脏解剖的复杂性和手术操作的风险性,腹腔镜肝切除术仍是具有较高技术挑战的微创手术方式。腹腔镜肝切除术前需对患者的全身状况、肝脏储备功能以及手术入路的选择进行充分评估,方能达到最佳的治疗效果。相较于开腹手术,腹腔镜肝切除术治疗肝细胞癌的优势已得到广泛认可。解剖性肝切除术、流域切除技术和精准肝切除理念的提出,推动了肝脏...     

腹腔镜肝切除术对肝细胞肝癌切除术后肝功能的影响

目的 探究腹腔镜肝切除术(laparoscopic liver resection,LLR)治疗肝细胞肝癌(hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)对术后肝功能的影响.方法 回顾性分析安徽医科大学第二附属医院2014年至2019年间经手术治疗的300例HCC患者的临床数据资料,其中腹腔镜肝切除191例...     

三种肝切除术治疗肝细胞癌患者的临床疗效对比分析

目的探讨3D腹腔镜下肝切除术治疗肝细胞癌的近远期疗效。 方法回顾性分析2014年1月至2016年12月收治的肝细胞癌患者96例,根据术式不同分为3D组32例,2D组47例和开腹组17例。采用SPSS 13.0进行数据分析,术中术后相关指标、血清生物学指标计量资料以( ±s)表示,多组比较采用方差分析;术后并发症、肿瘤复发率及生存率比较采用χ²检验,P<0.05差异有统计学意义。 结果3D组术中失血量、术后引流管时间、切口长度及术后住院时间均小于2D腹腔镜组及开腹组(P<0.05);3D组并发症发生率(9.4%)低于2D组(19.1%)及开腹组(47.1%),P<0.05;术后第3天,ET、IL－6、IL－8、CRP血浆水平均下降,3D组<2D组<开腹组(P<0.05);术后1年无复发生存率、术后1年生存率、术后2年无复发生存率、术后2年生存率三组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。 结论3D腹腔镜下肝切除术治疗肝细胞癌患者术后炎症反应较轻,机体损伤小,近期疗效显著,远期疗效相当,具有较高的临床价值。     

Laparoscopic liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma

Background Single, small hepatocarcinomas (HCC) are still an indication for partial liver resection in patients ineligible for transplantation. Anatomical resections are recommended for oncological reasons. The mini-invasive approach of laparoscopy should minimize hepatic and parietal injury, thereby decreasing the risk of liver failure and ascites. However, the oncological results of this approach and its presumed benefits remain undemonstrated. We evaluated the short- and midterm results of laparoscopic liver resections for HCC. Methods Between 1999 and 2006, we performed 32 laparoscopic liver resections for HCC. Mean tumor size was 3.8 ± 2 cm and the mean age of the patients was 65 ± 11 years. Twenty-two patients had cirrhosis (21 Child A and one Child C). Operative and postoperative results were analyzed, together with recurrence and survival rates. Results We carried out 13 unisegmentectomies, nine bisegmentectomies, one trisegmentectomy, two right hepatectomies, one left hepatectomy, and six atypical resections. The duration of the operation was 231 ± 101 minutes. Conversion to laparotomy was required in three patients (9%), none in emergency situations. Mean blood loss was 461 ml, with five patients (15.6%) requiring blood transfusion. The mean surgical margin was 10.4 mm. One cirrhotic patient (Child C) underwent surgery for a partially ruptured tumor and died of liver failure. Two patients had ascites and no transient liver failure occurred in the other 19 cirrhotic patients. Mean hospital stay was 7.1 days. During a mean follow-up of 26 months, 10 patients (31%) presented recurrence within the liver. None of the patients had peritoneal carcinomatosis or trocar site recurrence. Three-year overall and disease-free survival rates were 71.9% and 54.5%, respectively. Conclusions Laparoscopic liver resection for HCC is feasible and well tolerated. Midterm survival and recurrence rates are similar to those after laparotomy.     

腹腔镜与开腹手术治疗肝癌的临床对比

目的 探讨腹腔镜肝切除术(laparoscopic hepatectomy,LH)在治疗肝癌中的临床价值.方法 分析2002年1月至2007年12月86例肝癌患者的临床资料,按手术方式不同分为LH组、开腹肝切除术(open hepatectomy,OH)组.结果 86例中LH组36例、OH组50例.两组在切口长度、术中出血量、进食时间、术后住院天数、止痛药使用比较差异有统计学意义(分别t=-37.608、-2.396、-13.073、-4.283、x2=35.765,均P＜0.05),LH组优于OH组;术后第1、3天两组血清ALT、AST、ALP、r-GT、LDH及术后第5天凝血酶原时间、白蛋白改变比较差异有统计学意义(统计值分别为-3.465、-3.236、-3.470、-6.812、-4.837和-3.998、-2.894、-4.286、-7.887、-5.388、6.131、7.292,均P＜0.05);术后第5天ALT、AST、ALP、r-GT及术后第1、5天TBIL值比较差异有统计学意义(分别t=-4.795、-2.155、-3.442、-4.194、-2.712、-1.600,均P＜0.05),OH组高于LH组.手术时间、切除方式、总并发症及1年和3年生存率、无瘤生存率相比差异无统计学意义(t=-0.893,分别x2=0.066,0.026,0.468,0.156,0.106,2.732,均P＞0.05),LH组术后3年无瘤生存率50.0%,OH组为25%(x2=2.732,P=0.098).结论 LH治疗肝癌是安全的且近期疗效优于OH,远期疗效无差异.     

Laparoscopic liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with cirrhosis

Liver resection for patients with cirrhosis remains a challenging operation. The presence of thrombocytopenia and portal hypertension could lead to severe bleeding during hepatectomy. The enthusiasm of laparoscopic hepatectomy has been growing and many studies have reported their initial favorable results for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The advancement in technology, better understanding of the use of pneumoperitoneum pressure and more experience accumulated make laparoscopic liver resection for patients with cirrhosis possible. Favorable outcome may be achieved if the patients are carefully selected and carried out in high volume centers.     

肝细胞癌合并肝硬化病人的腹腔镜射频消融治疗

目的探讨肝细胞癌合并肝硬化病人行腹腔镜射频消融(LRFA)治疗的可行性、安全性及疗效。方法2001年8月至2003年12月,25例肝细胞癌合并肝硬化病人在全麻下进行了LRFA治疗。男19例,女6例,平均年龄(52·2±11·9)岁。术前经超声、螺旋CT或MRI等检查共发现瘤体38个,平均肿瘤直径(3·8±1·1)cm。肿瘤均位于肝脏表面、肝左外叶或邻近胆囊等空腔脏器。肝功能均为ChildA或B级。合并慢性结石性胆囊炎3例,糖尿病2例,凝血功能障碍5例。术中行腹腔镜超声检查及病理活检。结果25例病人腹腔镜及术中超声检查共发现瘤体41个。所有病例均顺利完成LRFA治疗,同时行胆囊切除术5例。平均手术时间(72·5±27·6)min。未出现出血、胆道、胃肠道及膈肌损伤等并发症。术后1个月螺旋CT扫描证实,肿瘤完全坏死率达100%。随访6~32个月(平均18个月),1例发现肝内新病灶,3例射频治疗部位复发,l例死于肿瘤复发及肝功能衰竭。结论肝细胞癌合并肝硬化病人行LRFA治疗是安全可行的,可提高肝细胞癌射频消融治疗效果,减少并发症。     

Laparoscopic liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhotic patients: single center experience of 90 cases

Background

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with or without underlying liver disease can be treated by surgical resection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility, morbidity and mortality of a laparoscopic approach in cirrhotic patients with HCC.

Methods

From 2004 to September 2014, 90 patients underwent a laparoscopic liver resection (LLR) for HCC. Data were collected in a prospectively maintained database since 2001. Preoperative patient evaluation was based on a multidisciplinary team meeting assessment.

Results

Median age was 63 years; 67 (74.4%) patients were male. Median body mass index (BMI) was 26.7. Underlying liver disease was known in 68 patients: in 46 patients’ hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related, in 15 patients to hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related, in 5 patients alcohol-related. Child-Pugh Score was of grade A in 85 patients and of grade B in 5 patients; 63 patients had a Model for End-stage Liver Disease (MELD) <10 and 27 patients MELD >10. A total of 18 left lateral sectionectomies, 1 left hepatectomy and 71 wedge resections or segmentectomies were performed. Conversion to laparotomy was necessary in 7 (7.7%) patients (five cases for bleeding and two cases for oncological reasons). In 90 patients, 98 HCC nodules were resected: 79 patients had one nodule, 8 patients had two nodules and 1 patient had three nodules. HCC nodules medium diameter was 29 mm (range, 4-100 mm) with median value of 25 mm. Tumor margins distance was 16 mm (range, 0-35 mm) with a median of 5 mm. Seventy nodules were located within the anterior sectors and 28 nodules within the posterior sectors.

Conclusions

LLR for HCC can be performed with acceptable morbidity in patients with underlying liver disease. The use of laparoscopic surgery in cirrhotic patients may be proposed as the first-line treatment for HCC or as bridge treatment before liver transplantation.     

肝移植术后与肝切除术后复发性肝细胞癌的超声表现

目的比较肝移植术后与根治性切除术后复发性肝细胞癌（RHCC）的常规超声与超声造影（CEUS）表现,为不同方法治疗后RHCC的诊疗提供依据。方法对33例肝移植术后出现RHCC患者的超声资料（其中20例有CEUS资料）进行回顾性分析,并从同期接受根治性切除术后出现RHCC的152例患者中随机抽取33例（均接受常规超声和超声造影检查）进行比较。结果常规超声显示肝移植组RHCC发生部位与肝切除组差异有统计学意义（P=0.003）,而复发灶的大小、数目、回声、边界、邻近重要结构、血供情况差异均无统计学意义（P均〉0.05）。CEUS示RHCC增强水平、增强模式在肝移植组与肝切除组间差异均有统计学意义（P=0.017、0.048）。其中肝移植组高增强14例、等增强1例、低增强5例,肝切除组分别为32例、1例、0例;肝移植组＂快进快退＂13例、＂快进慢退＂1例、三期低增强5例、动脉期等增强门脉期低增强1例,肝切除组分别为30例、2例、0例、1例。增强形态在肝移植组（均匀增强19例,不均匀增强1例）与肝切除组间（均匀增强27例、不均匀增强6例）差异无统计学意义（P=0.339）。结论根治性切除术后RHCC大部分发生在肝内,而肝移植术后肝外复发病例较多。肝移植术后RHCC增强水平、增强模式多样,虽大多数有典型CEUS表现,但非典型表现占35.00%,应特别予以注意。     

肝切除治疗原发性肝癌自发性破裂

目的　探讨肝切除治疗原发性肝癌自发性破裂 (简称肝癌破裂 )的作用。方法　分析两所医院 1970年以来采用肝切除术治疗肝癌破裂 2 1例的临床资料。结果　本组男 17例 ,女 4例。平均年龄 4 2 (2 2～ 6 5 )岁。 19例为急症肝切除 ,2例为 2期切除 ,包括左外叶切除 8例 ,左内叶切除 2例 ,左半肝切除 2例 ,右肝部分切除 5例 ,肿瘤切除 4例。本组中Child Paugh肝功能分级A级的 15例 ,B级 6例 ,B级中 1例术后死于肝衰 ,手术死亡率 4 8%。 2 0例生存者 18例获得随访 ,中位生存时间 16个月 ,1,3,5年生存率分别为 6 4 7% ,11 8% ,5 9%。其中 1例已无瘤生存 2 5年 9个月。结论　肝切除是治疗肝癌破裂的最好方法 ,当有可能时应争取施行。肝切除治疗肝癌破裂可能使病人获得长时间生存。     

Outcome of liver resection and transplantation for fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma

Abstract Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma (FL HCC) is an uncommon variant of hepatocellular carcinoma occurring usually in non‐cirrhotic livers. Hepatic resection or transplantation offers the only chance of cure. We reviewed our experience of surgery for FL HCC from 1985‐1998. Twenty patients with FL HCC (13 females and 7 males) median age 27 years (range 12‐69) were treated either by hepatic resection [n = 11; extended right hepatectomy (5), extended left hepatectomy (1), right hemihepatectomy (2), left hemihepatectomy (2), left lateral segmentectomy (1)] or, if the disease was non‐resectable, by transplantation (n = 9). The median follow up was 25 months (1‐63). The prognostic factors analysed included size [less than 5 cm (3 patients), more than 5 cm (17 patients)], number [solitary (16 patients), multiple (4 patients)], capsular invasion (6 patients), vascular invasion (11 patients) and lymph node invasion (6 patients). The overall survival at 1, 3 and 5 years was 89.5, 75 and 50 %, respectively. The liver resection survival was better than liver transplantation survival at 3 years 100 vs 76 %, respectively (P < 0.025). Although all prognostic factors analysed did not show a significant difference, there is tendency that tumour stage was the most significant for prognosis. Most of the patients in this study are young and presented without specific symptoms, with normal liver function range and had no tumour marker to help in diagnosis. As a result most of our patients were diagnosed late. However the outcome of surgical intervention was favourable.     

血色病性肝硬化肝癌病人的外科治疗

目的 对卫生部北京医院3例血色病性肝硬化肝癌病人的外科治疗进行回顾性分析,探讨手术、射频消融、红细胞单采的治疗效果.方法 3例病人均为男性,术前诊断为血色病性肝硬化、肝癌.3例病人共进行8次外科治疗,包括手术切除、B超引导下经皮经肝肿瘤射频消融治疗.2例病人术后进行了希罗达化疗.3例病人均接受了红细胞单采治疗.结果 手术病理证实为肝细胞肝癌、肝硬化,普鲁士蓝染色阳性,诊断为血色病.3例病人术后平均存活86个月(39～154个月).结论 对血色病肝癌病人而言,最重要的是早期发现,肝移植或切除是首选治疗.对于再次复发的病人,采用包括射频消融、化疗、红细胞单采治疗等在内的综合治疗可以有效延长病人生存.