青光眼视锥细胞视觉运动觉功能的变化

目的　观察原发性开角型青光眼患者3种视锥细胞视觉运动觉的变化。方法　应用等亮度随机点的运动觉检查方法，分别通过蓝、绿、红视标显示在黄、紫及青色背景，以分离检查51只青光眼3种视锥细胞的视觉运动觉功能。结果　3种视锥细胞的方向区分阈值与正常人相比明显受损，发生了弥漫性的损害。其中以蓝视锥细胞的视觉运动觉受损最为严重。结论　原发性开角型青光眼视锥细胞的视觉运动觉，尤其是蓝视锥细胞的视觉运动觉检查，是反映青光眼早期视功能损害的有效测试指标之一。     

青光眼锥细胞条状视标视觉运动觉的变化

目的 观察开角型青光眼（ＰＯＡＧ）患者３种视锥细腻视觉运动觉的变化。为其视功能损;害的早期诊断提供依据。方法 分别应用蓝、绿、红条状视标明显在黄、紫及青色背景下,同时保持视标与背景间等亮度以排除亮度因素的影响,以充分分离３种视锥细胞的视觉运动觉功能。结果 青光眼３种锥细胞的位移和浆烁阈值与正常人相比,均听显受损。结论 视锥细胞的视觉运动觉检查,是一个能够反映青光眼视神经功能损害的指标。     

亮度和颜色参与时青光眼视觉运动觉的变化

为观察青光眼患者三种视锥细胞视觉运动觉的变化,我们分别应用蓝、绿、红条状视标显示于黄、紫及青色背景,同时保持视标与背景间丰亮度对比的方法,以分离三种视锥细胞的视觉运动觉功能。结果显示青光眼三种视锥细胞的;视觉运动觉与正常人相比,明显受损,且蓝和绿视锥细胞受损更严重。从而提示视锥细胞的视觉运动觉,可以早期反映青光眼视神经功能的损害。     

老年性黄斑变性锥细胞运动觉功能的变化

目的 观察干性型老年性黄斑变性(age-related macular degeneration,AMD)患者三种视锥细胞视觉运动觉的变化。 方法 通过随机点运动觉检查方法，分别应用蓝、绿、红视标显示在黄、紫及青色背景，保持视标与背景间等亮度以排除亮度因素的影响，从而分离检查20只眼AMD三种视锥细胞视觉运动觉功能的变化。 结果 AMD三种视锥细胞的感觉位移和方向位移阈值，与正常人相比明显受损，发生了弥漫性的损害。 结论 视锥细胞的视觉运动觉，是能够反映干性型AMD视功能损害的一个新的测试指标。 (中华眼底病杂志, 1999, 15: 219-221)     

老年性黄斑变性锥细胞运动觉功能的变化

目的　观察干性型老年性黄斑变性（ａｇｅ－ｒｅｌａｔｅｄ ｍ ａｃｕｌａｒｄｅｇｅｎｅｒａｔｉｏｎ，ＡＭＤ）患者三种视锥细胞视觉运动觉的变化。　方法　通过随机点运动觉检查方法，分别应用蓝、绿、红视标显示在黄、紫及青色背景，保持视标与背景间等亮度以排除亮度因素的影响，从而分离检查２０只眼ＡＭＤ三种视锥细胞视觉运动觉功能的变化。　结果　ＡＭＤ三种视锥细胞的感觉位移和方向位移阈值，与正常人相比明显受损，发生了弥漫性的损害。　结论　视锥细胞的视觉运动觉，是能够反映干性型ＡＭＤ视功能损害的一个新的测试指标。     

视神经病变患者颜色视觉运动觉的变化

目的　观察视神经病变患者视锥细胞颜色视觉运动觉的变化。方法　分别应用蓝、绿条状视标显示在黄、紫色背景上,保持视标与背景间存在着亮度对比,以分离检查26眼视神经病变蓝及绿视锥细胞的视觉运动觉功能。结果　视神经病变患者蓝、绿视锥细胞视觉运动觉的位移和闪烁阈值为1.78mm±0.49mm、0.44±0.38、1.72mm±0.63mm、0.32±0.33,分别与正常值0.57mm±0.24mm、0.96±0.09、0.71mm±0.37mm、0.89±0.18比较,均具有显著性差异(P<0.001)。结论　蓝及绿视锥细胞的视觉运动觉是反映视神经病变早期视功能损害的一个重要指标。     

原发性开角型青光眼降眼压药物治疗进展

原发性开角型青光眼（POAG）的治疗目的主要是停止视力能受损的过程，阻止其因视神经纤维丧失而导致的视功能明显损害。药物治疗是临床治疗原发性开角型青光眼的主要措施，随着人们对青光眼发病机制的不断研究，抗青光眼药物也有了很大进展。本文就近年来有关局部应用治疗原发性开角型青光眼的降眼压药物研究及其进展作一综述。     

联合多种视功能检查对原发性开角型青光眼早期诊断的意义

了解原发性开角型青光眼视觉电生理和计算机自动视野检查结果的变化特征并对其视功能状况进行综合分析以寻找比较敏感和特异的参数，为原发性开角型青光眼较早期和早期诊断提供依据。方法：对３６例原发性开角型青光眼患者，８例可疑性青光眼患者，３０例正常对照者分别进行视网膜振荡电位，视网膜电图，视诱发电位和Ｈｕｍｐｈｅｒｙ计算机自动视野检查。     

原发性开角型青光眼的客观色觉测定

评估等亮度颜色图像翻转视诱发电位作为一种客观色觉检查在原发性开角型青光眼所致的后天性色觉障碍的临床意义。方法对３１眼原发性开角型青光眼和３３眼正常对照测定ＣＰＲ－ＶＥＰ，包括白／黑、红／黑、绿／黑、蓝／黑、红／绿和蓝／黄７种颜色棋盘格。所有量者同时作ＦＭ１００－ｈｕｅ试验。     

图象翻转视网膜电图在原发性开角型青光眼早期诊断方面的应用

图象翻转视网膜电图（Ｐ－ＥＲＧ）是近十几年兴起的电生理检查项目，起源于视网膜神经节细胞层，与原发性开角型青光眼视神经损害部位一致，故对原发性开角型青光眼有重要的诊断学意义。本文从开角型青光眼视神经损害机理、Ｐ－ＥＲＧ起源及与开角型青光眼视神经损害关系、Ｐ－ＥＲＧ检查条件及波型分析、Ｐ－ＥＲＧ对开角型青光眼早期诊断意义四方面复习综述了Ｐ－ＥＲＧ在原发性开角型青光眼早期诊断方面的应用。     

The Characteristics of Interaction between Color and Motion Perception in PrimaryOpen Angle Glaucoma

Purpose: To investigate the characteristics of interaction between color and motion perception in primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and measure motion perception of B,G and R cones, thus find a more sensitive method to diagnose the visual nerve damage in POAG. Methods : Motion perceptions of B,G and R cones were isolated by blue , green and red vertical line stimulus displayed on the yellow , purple and blue background respectively, then measured the displacement threshold and flicking threshold of motion perception from each cones in POAG, and compared it with the age-match normals.Results:The displacement threshold and flicking threshold of motion perception from B,G and R cones were all damaged in POAG compared with the normals, and the motion perception of G and B cones was deficits more obviously than the R cones.Conclusion: These findings support the suggestion that color provides an input to human motion perception. Magnocellular and parvocellular pathway may be significandy damaged in POAG, whi     

Motion Perception of Short-Wavelength Sensitive Cones in Glaucoma Using Random Dots Moving

Purpose: To determine whether motion perception of short-wavelength sensitive (SWS) cones is capable of predicting primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) optic neuropathy. Methods: Motion perceptions of SWS cones were isolated by Blue random dot stimulus displayed on the Yellow background, then the detecting displacement threshold of motion perception from SWS cone in POAG was measured, and compared with the age-matched normal group.Results: The detecting displacement thresholds of motion perception from SWS cones in 8 sites of 15 degrees were all elevated in POAG compared with the normal group. Conclusion: These findings suggest that motion perception of SWS cones may reveal preclinical visual nerve damage in early POAG. Eye Science 2001; 17:176 ~ 179.     

Primary color P-VEP in diabetic retinopathy

148 normal eyes and 123 eyes of diabetic retinopathy patients were examined the red, green, blue primary color and black/white P-VEPs, with the conclusion that the latencies of P100 were significantly delayed in the diabetic group, particularly that of the blue color, which was also in positive correlation with the level of blood sugar and the duration of diabetes. The consistency of blue P-VEP with fluorescein angiographic examination in diabetic retinopathy was good, and the abnormality ratio of the former (73.0%) was higher than that of the latter (60.2%). The results indicated that S-wave cones were damaged more readily than were L-wave cones, and the blue P-VEP was sensitive in monitoring the injury to visual function in diabetes.     

Detection of chromatic deviations from white across the human visual field

We studied how much blue, green, or red light had to be added to or subtracted from white to obtain veridical hue perception (blue, green, red, or their complementary colours) at various locations in the temporal visual field. The CIE 1931 (x, y) chromaticity coordinates corresponding to a veridical hue perception were subtracted from the chromaticity coordinates of the white (0.35, 0.35) in order to obtain the threshold differences (dx, dy) in chromaticity coordinates. When stimulus size was constant at all visual field locations, dx and dy changed with eccentricity. However, when the stimulus was M-scaled by magnifying its size with increasing eccentricity in inverse proportion to the lowest local sampling density across the human retina (cones and ganglion cells at eccentricities 0-10 and above 10 deg, respectively), dx and dy remained constant at all eccentricities.     

黄斑光敏度联合色觉检查在青光眼检测中的应用

目的 为青光眼早期诊断寻求新的检测方法。方法 对开角型青光眼５４眼、可疑青光眼３４例,分别进行１０度视野的黄斑光阈值及ＦＭ１００－ｈｕｅ色觉测试法检查。结果 青光眼及可疑青光眼平均视野缺损与色觉总错误分均明显相关;但青光眼蓝与绿色觉异常率之间没有显著性差异,而可疑青光眼蓝与红绿及全色觉异常率之间具有显著性差异。结论 中心１０度视野内蓝锥细胞光敏度的变化,能早期反映青光眼视功能损害。     

Temporal modulation sensitivity of the blue mechanism: Measurements made without chromatic adaptation

A standard procedure for isolating the behavior of visual channels fed by blue cones is to reduce the sensitivity of the red and green cones with longwave light to which the blue cones are virtually insensitive. We have tested the hypothesis that this procedure may distort the unadapted behavior of the blue cone system by its influence upon opponent channels. Using tritanopic metamers (439 and 492 nm), sinusoidally modulated in counterphase, more than 90% modulation of blue cones is possible, delivered in the presence of a minimal (and steady) activation of red and green cones. We find that the use of yellow light, at illuminances sufficient to isolate blue cones, seriously reduces and significantly distorts the modulation sensitivity function of the blue-cone system, for reasons unrelated to the direct absorption of longwave photons by blue cones. The reduction of sensitivity is minimal at 4 Hz and greater at both lower and higher frequencies of modulation.