长沙地区淋球菌流行株的药物敏感性检测

目的 :了解长沙地区淋球菌流行株对抗菌药物的敏感性 ,为淋病的防治提供实验依据。方法 :改良碘量法检测 β 内酰胺酶 ,纸片扩散法检测 86株淋球菌对 9种抗菌药物的敏感性。结果 :质粒介导的产青霉素酶淋球菌(PPNG)和质粒介导的高度耐四环素淋球菌 (TRNG)分别为 35株 (40 .6 9% )和 2 0株 (2 3.2 6 % )。在测定的 9种抗菌药物中 ,淋球菌耐药性较高的依次为四环素、头孢美唑、青霉素、环丙沙星、氧氟沙星 ,耐药率分别为 4 5 .35 % ,5 0 .0 0 % ,6 2 .79% ,77.91% ,87.2 1%。而敏感性较高的 4种抗菌药物依次为头孢呋辛、头孢三嗪、头孢吡肟、壮观霉素 ,敏感率分别为 77.91% ,80 .2 3% ,86 .0 5 % ,98.84 %。结论 :青霉素、四环素以及氟喹诺酮类药物已不宜作为长沙地区治疗淋病的常规药物 ;壮观霉素可作为治疗淋病的首选药物 ,但已出现耐药菌株 ,应当引起高度警惕     

急性淋病性腹膜炎7例

本文报告了急性淋病性腹膜炎7例,年龄18—25岁,体温37.5℃—38℃,治疗采用青霉素静脉点滴,口服氟哌酸,壮观霉素肌肉注射,四环素静脉点滴。全部病人经4—6天治疗痊愈出院。     

三种药物治疗急性淋病疗效分析

我院于1988－1990年分别用壮观霉素、氟派酸、青霉素G销治疗急性淋病105例,现报告如下。l临床资料1．1一般资料。105例全部为本院门诊具有典型临床表现,经实验室检查证实,确诊之急性淋病患者。性别：男兀例,女29例。年龄4－68岁。病程：1－20d,曾用过多种药物治疗者52例,未治疗者对例。1．2材料与方法。本组病例随机分为3组。青霉素组32例,其中男对例,女9例。应用青霉素G钠（哈尔滨制药厂生产）480万”l次分臀肌注,连用3do壮观霉素组48例,其中男对例,女匕例。应用壮观霉素（美国普强制药厂比利时分厂生产）男Zg,女4g,l次肌注…     

4种抗菌药物对淋球菌体外抗菌活性的研究

本文采用琼脂倍比稀释法检测38株淋球菌对4种抗菌药物的敏感性,并作β-内酰胺酶测定.结果表明,21.1%的菌株对青霉素耐药;7.9%的菌株为PPNG;7.9%的菌株对壮观霉素耐药;而100%的菌株对氟嗪酸、氟哌酸敏感,且MIC_(50)、MIC_(90)值均低.结果显示,应注意淋球菌对青霉素、壮观霉素的耐药性,推荐用氟嗪酸、氟哌酸治疗淋病     

184株淋球菌药敏试验结果分析

目的:了解淋球菌对抗生素的敏感性,为淋病的防治提供科学依据。方法:采用纸片扩散法进行药敏试验。结果:淋球菌对青霉素、氟哌酸、环丙沙星、头孢曲松、壮观霉素、阿奇霉素的敏感率分别为3.26%、7.07%、15.22%、96.20%、100.00%、100.00%。结论:青霉素、氟喹诺酮类抗生素已不宜作为乐业县治疗淋病的一线药物,壮观霉素、阿奇霉素和头孢曲松钠可作为治疗淋病的首选药物。     

多种抗生素单剂量治疗单纯性淋病探讨

目的　研究多种抗生素单剂量治疗单纯性淋病的疗效以及疗效对比。方法　使用头孢三嗪 0 .2 5 g ;壮观霉素 2g(女性 4g) ;阿奇霉素 1.5g ;氧氟沙星 0 .6g ;单剂量治疗单纯性淋病。结果　各组的总有效率和细菌学清除率分别为 98%、96.3 %、93 .3 %、73 .7%,头孢三嗪、壮观霉素效果最好 ,阿奇霉素次之 ,氧氟沙星疗效欠佳。结论　单剂量药物治疗单纯性淋病头孢三嗪、壮观霉素效果良好。     

罗氏芬联合四环素治疗淋病性尿道炎(附62例报告)

目的　探讨罗氏芬联合四环素治疗淋病性尿道炎的效果。方法　采用随机、对照研究。将 6 2例淋病性尿道炎病人 (男性 5 0例 ,女例 12例 )随机分为 2组 ,A组罗氏芬联合四环素 32例 ,用罗氏芬 0 .5 g ,肌肉注射 ,每天 1次 ,连续 2d ,随后用四环素 0 .5 g ,口服 ,每天 4次 ,连续 5d。B组大观霉素 30例 ,用大观霉素 2 .0 g ,肌肉注射 ,每天 1次 ,连续 7d。结果　A、B组有效率分别为 96 .9%、93.3%。结论　罗氏芬联合四环素治疗淋病性尿道炎疗效较佳。     

淋病三例误诊分析

例 1,女 2 2例 ,未婚农民 ,文昌冯坡镇人 ,有冶游史。尿痛、尿频、尿急一年 ,在某卫生院就诊断为肾盂肾炎 ,曾用各种西药和中药治疗 ,症状时缓解时加重。近日有加重趋势 ,故来我科就诊、检查 ,内科系统检查未见异常 ,未见皮肤损害 ,取子宫颈分泌物涂片和培养均找到淋病双球菌。诊断为淋病。治疗 :氟哌酸80 0ｍｇ,顿服 :四环素 0 .5ｇ ,每日 4次 ,连服 7天 ;淋必治 4ｇ,一次 ,肌肉注射。两周后 ,分泌物涂片和培养均阴性 ,痊愈。例 2 ,女 ,2 7岁 ,已婚农民 ,文昌县包罗镇人 ,系例 1的姐姐 ,否认冶游史。尿频、尿痛、尿急、白带多 6个月 ,在某…     

氟哌酸及青霉素治疗淋病疗效的初步报告

本文报告用氟哌酸、青霉素等药治疗并随访到的110例淋病的疗效。通过统计学分析,作者认为每日分二次肌注青霉素160万 u 连用七天的疗效最好(有效率为81.8%)。每日二次口服氟哌酸400mg,连用七天治疗淋病的疗效(有效率为42.9%)不如青霉素160万 u/d 组。作者还比较了洁霉素与乙酰螺旋霉素治疗淋病的疗效。     

氟哌酸治疗淋病临床疗效观察(附45例分析)

本文报告了我科自1988年2月至1989年3月收治淋病患者45例,分别用氟哌酸和青霉素进行对照治疗观察.第一组12例,用青霉素160万u/d分二次肌注.第二组20例,用氟哌酸1200mg/d,每次口服600mg,间隔4小时.第三组13例,用青霉素160万u/d加氟哌酸1200mg/d,其用法同上.全部患者均用1/15000高锰酸钾溶液浸洗患部每天2次.,     

Comparative study of ceftriaxone and spectinomycin for treatment of pharyngeal and anorectal gonorrhea

Of the currently recommended regimens for treatment of uncomplicated gonorrhea, only aqueous penicillin G procaine is effective against infections at all sites. However, procaine penicillin is not effective against penicillinase-producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae and suffers from poor patient acceptability owing to the 10-mL volume of injection and allergic and toxic procaine reactions. Ceftriaxone is a new extended-spectrum cephalosporin with a long serum half-life and is many times more active than penicillin G against both beta-lactamase-positive or -negative strains of N gonorrhoeae. Ceftriaxone was compared as a single, 125-mg, 0.5-mL injection with a single 2-g injection of spectinomycin in difficult to treat pharyngeal gonorrhea in men and women and anorectal gonorrhea of men. Ceftriaxone cured 30/32 (94%) pharyngeal and 52/52 anorectal infections, compared with 6/14 (43%) and 9/9, respectively, for spectinomycin. Both regimens were well tolerated. Ceftriaxone may prove to be a drug of choice for uncomplicated gonorrhea, particularly where homosexual men are treated and/or penicillinase-producing N gonorrhoeae is prevalent.     

Gonococcal drug resistance and treatment of gonorrhoea in Nairobi

The in vitro antibiotic sensitivities of 108 isolates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae from a Nairobi clinic were determined by the agar dilution method. The results indicate that the majority of gonococci were relatively resistant to penicillin (86%) and to tetracycline (85%). By using the relationship between the in vitro antibiotic sensitivity of gonococci and treatment failure of gonorrhea in US patients, we predict that the minimum treatment failure rate for the gonorrhea treatment schemes used in the US would be 5.6% for aqueous procaine penicillin G, 4.8 megaunits intramuscularly together with 1.0 g probenecid by mouth; 6.9% for oral tetracycline HC1, given 500 mg 4 times daily for 5 days; 10.4% for a single oral dose of ampicillin, 3.5 g together with 1.0 g of oral probenecid; and 6.2% for a single dose of spectinomycin, 2.0 g intramuscularly. Gonococcal drug resistance and morbidity will likely continue to increase in Kenya in the absence of a gonorrhea control program.     

Treatment of anorectal gonorrhea infections in men

The charts of 606 men with anorectal gonorrhea infections treated using the current Public Health Service recommendations were reviewed. There were 3.3% failures in the group treated with penicillin--14.4% in those treated with tetracycline hydrochloride, 14.8% in the ampicillin trihydrate group, and none among those treated with spectinomycin hydrochloride. The intramuscular (IM) injection of penicillin G procaine, 4.8 million units, with 1 g of probenicid given orally is the treatment of choice for anorectal gonorrhea. An IM injection of 2 g of spectinomycin hydrochloride was effective but should be reserved for patients allergic to penicillin and for penicillin treatment failures.     

关于剖宫产预防性应用抗生素问题探讨

总结我院１９９６年１０月至１９９７年２月共４个月的剖宫产病例１６３例,预防性应用抗生素的情况。对其中１０６例术前已破膜的病人选用青霉素Ｇ加０．５％甲硝唑静滴三天,或头孢西丁静推一次,剖宫产术后感染率分别为１１％、２０％,两组间无显著性差异（Ｐ〉０．０５）。对５７例术前未破膜的病人预防性应用青霉素Ｇ加０．５％甲硝唑静滴三天,与维生素ｃ静滴组对照,剖宫产术后感染率为９％、８％,亦无显著性差异（Ｐ〉０．     

Single-dose treatment of gonococcal urethritis in males: evaluation of procaine penicillin, ampicillin and spectinomycin

Males with acute gonococcal urethritis were treated at random with 2.4 million units aqueous procaine penicillin G intramuscularly plus 1.0 g. probenecid orally, 3.5 g. ampicillin orally plus 1.0 g. probenecid orally, or 2.0 g. spectinomycin intramuscularly. The overall follow-up was 97%. All treatments were of equal efficacy, eradication of gonococcal disease being observed in 93 to 97% of treated patients. Treatment failures occurred in each drug group and pre-treatment isolates recovered from these cases showed decreased susceptibility to the agent used. Aqueous procaine penicillin G plus probenecid remains the preferred therapy for gonorrhea. For patients hypersensitive to penicillin, spectinomycin is currently a reasonable alternative drug. This agent, unlike procaine penicillin-probenecid, is probably ineffective against concurrent incubating syphilis, and future development of bacterial resistance is a definite possibility.     

南宁地区221株淋球菌对青霉素、壮观霉素的敏感性测定

目的：了解南宁地区淋球菌对青霉素、壮观霉素的敏感性。方法：我们于1996年至1999年对221株淋球菌临床分离株以琼脂地测定青霉素、壮观霉素的最小抑菌浓度（MIC）。结果：7株（3．17％）为产青霉素淋球菌（PPNG）。青霉素MIC范围为0．008－16mg/L;2.71%菌株对青霉素敏感,36．20％为低敏,61．09％为耐药。其中1996年至1999年各年耐药率分别为23．92％、37．10％、89．16％、90．00％。壮观霉素MIC范围2－＞128mg/L;92．76％菌株对壮观霉素敏感,7．24％菌株为耐药;1999年未发现耐壮观霉素菌株。结论：南宁地区淋球菌对青霉素耐药比率较高,且呈逐年上升趋势。出现了耐壮观霉素的菌株。持续性监测青霉素、壮观霉素对临床合理用药十分重要。     

碘化钾治疗梅毒血清固定疗效观察

目的：观察碘化钾治疗梅毒血清固定的,临床疗效。方法：采用随机、时照方法。以口服10％碘化钾并肌注苄星青霉素为治疗组,以单纯肌注苄星青霉素为时照组。结果：治疗组临床疗效明显优于对照组。结论：碘化钾对梅毒血清固定的治疗是有效的。     

长沙地区淋球菌流行株的药物敏感性检测

目的：了解长沙地区淋球菌流行株对抗菌药物的敏感性，为淋病的防治提供实验依据。方法：改良碘量法检测β－内酰胺酶，纸片扩散法检测86株淋球菌对9种抗菌药物的敏感性。结果：质粒介导的产青霉素酶淋球菌（PPNG）和质粒介导的高度耐四环素淋球菌（TRNG）分别为35株（40.69%)和20株（23.26%)。在测定的9种抗菌药物中，淋球菌耐药性较高的依次为四环素、头孢美唑、青霉素、环丙沙星、氧氟沙星，耐药率分别为45.35%，50.00％，62.79%，77.91%，87.21%。而敏感性较高的4种抗菌药物依次为头孢呋辛、头孢三嗪、头孢吡肟、壮观霉素，敏感率分别为77.91%,80.23%,86.05%,98.84%。结论：青霉素、四环素以及氟喹诺在药物已不宜作为长沙地区治疗淋病的常规药物；壮观霉素可作为治疗淋病的首选药物，但已出现耐药菌株，应当引起高度警惕。     

One-session treatment of gonorrhoea in males with procaine penicillin plus probenecid

Six hundred and thirteen male patients with acute uncomplicated gonorrhoea have been treated alternately with single injections of 1·2 mega-units of aqueous procaine penicillin alone or with the same dose and preparation of penicillin with an additional 1·0 g of probenecid given orally immediately prior to injection.