Efficacy of alumina ceramic heads for cemented total hip arthroplasty.

Fifty-seven cemented total hip arthroplasties (THAs) were reviewed in cases of osteoarthrosis secondary to congenital dysplasia or dislocation. The bearing surface of the prosthesis used in this series consists of a polyethylene acetabular component on an alumina ceramic head. All acetabular components were positioned at the same level as the original acetabulum, and an autologous femoral head graft was performed for 18 hips. The follow-up period ranged from five to eight years, averaging six years two months. The latest survey showed excellent and good results for 53 hips (92.9%). Four acetabular components (7%) and two femoral components (3.5%) showed roentgenographic evidence of loosening. Only one hip (1.8%) had to be treated with revision surgery for femoral component loosening. None of the cases suffered a broken ceramic head. The use of a total hip prosthesis with an alumina ceramic head in THA is likely to lead to excellent results for patients with osteoarthrosis of the hip.     

全髋关节表面置换术治疗成人髋关节发育不良中假体的安放技术和临床疗效分析

目的探讨全髋关节表面置换术治疗髋关节发育不良（DDH）术中假体安放位置的控制和临床效果。方法2005年1月至2007年9月，对42例45髋因DDH继发骨关节炎的患者行全髋关节表面置换术。其中女39例，男3例，平均年龄46．3岁，单侧39例39髋，双侧3例6髋。按Crowe分型，Ⅰ型17例18髋，Ⅱ型17例19髋，Ⅲ型6例6髋，Ⅳ型2例2髋。术前通过CT三维重建测量股骨颈干角、股骨颈前倾角。入路采用改良后外侧Gibson入路，根据术前测量结果，对于颈干角小于135°，手术时适当增加至135°，大于135°则维持原有角度；DDH患者股骨前倾角均有增加，术中应适当减少，并减少髋臼前倾角和外展角。采用X线检查和Harris功能评分评估术后疗效。结果术前股骨颈干角平均134．1°，术后平均138.2°，其中术前颈干角小于135°的34髋，平均131．7°，术后平均137°；术前颈干角大于135°的12髋，平均140.9°，术后平均141．5°。股骨前倾角术前平均34．5°。术后X线显示所有髋臼均为真臼重建，髋臼外展角平均42°。双侧肢体长度差别术前平均2.1cm，术后平均0．5cm。平均随访14．6个月。Harris功能评分术前平均43．6分，最后一次随访功能评分为平均88．4分。随访期内无股骨颈骨折和假体松动等并发症发生。结论对年青DDH并骨关节炎患者采用髋关节表面置换术的近期效果满意，术中根据个体情况调整假体安放位置有助于提高临床效果。     

Comparison of polyethylene wear associated with cobalt-chromium and zirconia heads after total hip replacement. A prospective, randomized study

BACKGROUND: A ceramic femoral head is an alternative to a metal femoral head for the bearing surface of total hip arthroplasty. The purpose of this study was to compare polyethylene wear in patients who had undergone bilateral total hip arthroplasty with implants that differed only with regard to the material used for the femoral head: a zirconia head was used on one side, and a cobalt-chromium head was inserted on the contralateral side. METHODS: A prospective, randomized study was performed to evaluate the outcomes in fifty-two patients who had undergone sequential bilateral primary total hip replacement. A zirconia head was used in one hip, and a cobalt-chromium head was used in the other. There were forty-eight men and four women; the mean age at the time of surgery was 44.2 years. The mean duration of follow-up was 7.1 years. Clinical and radiographic evaluations were performed preoperatively and at six weeks; three, six, and twelve months; and yearly postoperatively. Linear wear of the polyethylene liner was measured radiographically. Two femoral components with a zirconia head had aseptic loosening and were revised. The explanted heads were evaluated with use of interferometry, environmental scanning electron microscopy, and x-ray diffraction studies. RESULTS: The mean polyethylene wear rate was 0.08 mm/yr in association with the zirconia heads and 0.17 mm/yr in association with the cobalt-chromium heads (p = 0.004). The mean amount of volumetric polyethylene wear was 350.8 mm3 in association with the zirconia heads and 744.7 mm3 in association with the cobalt-chromium heads (p = 0.004). With regard to surface roughness, the Ra values of the two explanted zirconia heads were 15.87 and 17.35 nm and the Rpm values were 153.86 and 156.18 nm. Two identical zirconia heads that had not been implanted had Ra values of 5.31 and 5.48 nm and Rpm values of 65.27 and 66.35 nm. Four unimplanted cobalt-chromium heads that were identical to the ones implanted in this study had Ra values ranging between 25 and 50 nm and Rpm values ranging between 262.6 and 525.2 nm. Little phase transformation was noted in the two revised zirconia heads. CONCLUSIONS: The mean amount and rate of polyethylene wear were significantly lower in the hips with a zirconia head than they were in the hips with a cobalt-chromium head, presumably because the zirconia heads had a smoother articulating surface.     

Curved-stem Hip Resurfacing

Hip resurfacing is an attractive concept because it preserves rather than removes the femoral head and neck. Most early designs had high failure rates, but one unique design had a femoral stem. Because that particular device appeared to have better implant survival, this study assessed the clinical outcome and long-term survivorship of a hip resurfacing prosthesis. Four hundred forty-five patients (561 hips) were retrospectively reviewed after a minimum of 20 years' followup or until death; 23 additional patients were lost to followup. Patients received a metal femoral prosthesis with a small curved stem. Three types of acetabular reconstructions were used: (1) cemented polyurethane; (2) metal-on-metal; and (3) polyethylene secured with cement or used as the liner of a two-piece porous-coated implant. Long-term results were favorable with the metal-on-metal combination only. The mean overall Harris hip score was 92 at 2 years of followup. None of the 121 patients (133 hips) who received metal-on-metal articulation experienced failure. The failure rate with polyurethane was 100%, and the failure rate with cemented polyethylene was 41%. Hip resurfacing with a curved-stem femoral component had a durable clinical outcome when a metal-on-metal articulation was used.     

Crowe IV 型髋关节发育不良全髋关节置换术前计算机辅助设计

 目的 探索采用计算机辅助技术, 对接受全髋关节置换(total hip arthroplasty, THA)的 Crowe IV型髋关节发育不良患者进行术前评估, 确定髋臼大小、骨缺损程度, 并在此基础上辅助手术设 计、假体选择及骨缺损修复。 方法2011 年3 月至10 月, 共10 例(13 髋)Crowe IV型高位脱位髋关节发 育不良患者接受THA 治疗。患者均为女性;年龄32~74 岁, 平均42 岁。所有患者术前行髋关节三维CT 扫描, 然后将扫描数据输入SuperImage 软件重建骨盆及髋臼。重建后在不同角度精确评估真臼位置, 测 量真臼大小及前后柱厚度, 评估骨缺损程度;将髋臼试模、骨缺损修复材料(钽金属垫块)按1颐1 大小扫 描输入计算机系统, 进行术前模拟安放, 确定髋臼假体大小、安放位置;髋臼假体安放后评估遗留的骨缺 损, 确定骨缺损修复材料, 进行骨缺损修复模拟测试。 结果 9 例(12 髋)术中实际安放髋臼假体型号与 术前计算机辅助设计一致, 1 例(1髋)假体型号较术前设计大一号。所有患者髋臼安放位置与术前计划 一致, 均安放于真臼。髋臼骨缺损修复按术前设计:4 髋因髋臼顶部骨缺损明显(臼顶部骨性覆盖 < 70%), 采用钽金属垫块修复骨缺损, 以增强髋臼的稳定性;7 髋采用Harris 法自体股骨头植骨修复骨缺 损;2 髋髋臼杯植入后臼顶覆盖可, 术中未植骨。 结论 对Crowe IV型髋关节发育不良者行计算机辅助 下THA术前设计, 有助于术前精确评估真臼发育情况、大小及髋臼骨缺损, 提高手术治疗精确性。     

生物型陶瓷人工双极股骨头假体的5年临床和放射学影像随访分析

目的 评估应用生物型陶瓷人工双极股骨头假体置换治疗老年新鲜股骨颈骨折的5年临床和放射学影像随访疗效.方法 回顾性分析2005年4月至2007年4月,87例接受生物型陶瓷人工双极股骨头置换治疗的老年股骨颈骨折患者,男39例,女48例;年龄72～96岁,平均（83.4±4.12）岁.股骨颈骨折的分型按Garden分型：Ⅲ型32例,Ⅳ型55例.术前均经常规双能X线吸收测量法（DXA）检测脊柱及髋部骨密度（BMD）筛选,全部采用Biomet生物型Bi-Metric系列股骨假体和陶瓷双极股骨头假体.患者分别在手术后1.5、3、6、12个月及之后每年随访一次,根据临床髋关节活动度和Harris评价标准,放射学影像根据AAOS评价指标：髋臼磨损情况,陶瓷组件碎裂情况,假体周围骨溶解及溶骨性病变情况,股骨近端骨生长情况,股骨距重塑,股骨假体远端底座形成情况等.结果 实际83例患者完成终末随访,随访时间61～82个月,平均（72.4±6.57）个月.髋关节活动范围在终末随访时为：屈曲平均（83.5 °± 9.14°）,后伸平均（25.2°±5.62°）,外展平均（41.5°±5.21°）.Harris评分从术前平均（11.5±4.0）分,提高到终末随访时平均（89.1±2.1）分,手术前后有统计学差异（t=27.18,P〈0.01）;其中优31例,良40例,可10例,差2例,优良率为85.54%（71/83）.5例（6.02%）患者出现腹股沟区和大腿前侧疼痛,2例（2.41%）患者在手术后3～5年间由于股骨假体出现松动而进行股骨假体翻修.放射影像学随访观察无髋臼严重磨损,无陶瓷组件碎裂,无股骨假体周围骨溶解,无股骨假体松动,股骨近端骨生长情况良好,有24例（28.92%）患者发生股骨假体远端轻度底座形成.结论 应用生物型陶瓷人工双极股骨头假体置换治疗老年新鲜股骨颈骨折获得较好的5年临床和放射学影像随访效果.     

Primary total hip arthroplasty with a cementless porous-coated anatomic total hip prosthesis: 10- to 12-year results of prospective and consecutive series.

We performed a prospective study in 108 consecutive patients (116 hips) who were followed for a minimum of 10 years (10-12 years) after primary total hip arthroplasty using an uncemented porous-coated anatomic (PCA) hip prosthesis. The average age of the patients at operation was 48.4 years (range, 19-85 years), and the diagnosis was avascular necrosis of the femoral head in 46 hips, neglected femoral neck fracture in 27, osteoarthrosis secondary to childhood pyogenic arthritis in 24, childhood tuberculous arthritis in 5, and miscellaneous in 14. The average preoperative Harris Hip Score was 55 points, which improved to 87 points at 11 years. Seventy-five hips (65%) were excellent, 11 (9%) were good, and 30 (39%) were poor. The overall rate of revision was 15% (17 of 116 hips). The rate of revision of the femoral component was 11% (13 of 116 hips), and the rate of revision of the acetabular component was 15% (17 of 116 hips). The prevalence of thigh pain was 28% at 11 years. The increase in the incidence of aseptic loosening of the femoral component was found to explain the high incidence of severe thigh pain at 11 years' follow-up. At 11 years, there was femoral osteolysis in 69 hips (59%) and acetabular osteolysis in 65 hips (56%). At 6 years, 20 hips (17%) showed definite wear of the polyethylene liner. At 11 years, 81 hips (70%) showed definite wear of the polyethylene liner. Because the complication rate of the PCA hip prosthesis with respect to loosening, osteolysis, and excessive wear in the polyethylene liner is high, we abandoned the use of this implant.     

Zweymuller系统全髋关节置换术治疗髋臼发育不良的中期疗效分析

目的：评价Zweymuller螺旋臼结合髋臼加深技术治疗髋臼发育不良的中期疗效。方法：自1998年1月至2004年12月,采用Zweymuller系统进行全髋关节置换术治疗髋臼发育不良继发髋关节骨性关节炎患者56例62髋,男14例（15髋）,女42例（47髋）;平均年龄48.6岁（30～67岁）。术前所有患者均有髋关节疼痛和功能障碍。观察项目包括术后并发症、影像学及功能恢复情况。髋关节功能采用Harris评分标准进行评定。结果：56例获得随访,时间5～11年,平均6.5年。X线检查显示髋臼假体位于真臼位置,与周围骨床结合紧密,髋臼假体外展角35°～45°,股骨假体内、外翻3°以内,术后患肢短缩平均（0.5±0.2）cm。术后近期发生深静脉血栓20例,予溶栓治疗后好转。近期脱位1例,复位、制动3周后下地行走。4髋发生异位骨化、均为BrookⅡ型。无感染、神经损伤病例发生。术后Harris评分（87.4±3.5）分,与术前（43.2±6.7）分比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论：Zweymuller螺旋臼结合髋臼加深技术治疗髋臼发育不良继发髋关节骨性关节炎中期疗效优良。     

Artificial replacement of the hip joint in severe coxarthroses secondary to acetabular dysplasia

The reconstruction of hip joints is problematic in cases of subluxation coxarthrosis, since the dysplastic acetabulum's lack of depth does not primarily allow reliable anchorage of an acetabular prosthesis component. Since enlargement of the acetabulum by fraising is ruled out on biomechanical grounds, a suitable bed for the implant can only be created by reconstructing the roof of the acetabulum. Laterally supported osteoplasty has proved to be a suitable method for repairing dysplastic acetabular defects, involving screwing of autogenic or allogenic grafts firmly onto the acetabular margin. The radiological and clinical results of 70 hips followed up confirm the efficiency of the endoprosthetic acetabulum implanted by this method in cases of marked dysplastic coxarthrosis.     

Minimum ten-year results of primary bipolar hip arthroplasty for degenerative arthritis of the hip

BACKGROUND: Bipolar hip arthroplasty has been advocated by some as an alternative to total hip arthroplasty for the treatment of degenerative arthritis of the hip. We sought to assess the results of this procedure at our institution after a minimum duration of follow-up of ten years. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed a consecutive series of 152 patients (173 hips) who underwent primary bipolar hemiarthroplasty for the treatment of symptomatic degenerative arthritis of the hip with a cementless femoral component between 1983 and 1987. Of the original cohort of 152 patients, ninety-two patients (104 hips) were available for clinical and radiographic review at a mean of 12.2 years postoperatively. At the time of the latest follow-up, self-administered Harris hip questionnaires were used to assess pain, mobility, activity level, and overall satisfaction with the procedure. Biplanar hip radiographs were made to evaluate bipolar shell migration, osteolysis, and femoral stem fixation. RESULTS: At the time of the latest follow-up, nineteen patients (nineteen hips) had undergone revision to total hip arthroplasty because of mechanical failure, and three patients (three hips) were awaiting revision because of symptomatic radiographic mechanical failure. Twelve acetabular revisions were performed or scheduled for the treatment of pelvic osteolysis or protrusio acetabuli secondary to component migration. Acetabular reconstruction required bone-grafting, an oversized shell, and/or a pelvic reconstruction ring. The overall rate of mechanical failure was 21.2% (twenty-two of 104 hips), with 91% (twenty) of the twenty-two failures involving the acetabular component. Reaming of the acetabulum at the time of the index arthroplasty was associated with a 6.4-fold greater risk of revision. The rate of implant survival, with revision because of mechanical failure as the end point, was 94.2% for femoral components and 80.8% for acetabular components at a mean of 12.2 years. Of the remaining sixty-nine patients (eighty-one hips) in whom the original prosthesis was retained, seventeen patients (24.6%) rated the pain as moderate to severe. Nearly 30% of patients with an intact prosthesis required analgesics on a regular basis. Radiographs were available for fifty-eight hips (including all of the hips with moderate to severe pain) after a minimum duration of follow-up of ten years; twenty-eight of these fifty-eight hips had radiographic evidence of acetabular component migration. CONCLUSIONS: This bipolar cup, when used for hemiarthroplasty in patients with symptomatic arthritis of the hip, was associated with unacceptably high rates of pain, migration, osteolysis, and the need for revision to total hip arthroplasty, especially when the acetabulum had been reamed. To the extent that these findings can be generalized to similar implant designs with conventional polyethylene, we do not recommend bipolar hemiarthroplasty as the primary operative treatment for degenerative arthritis of the hip.     

病灶清除颗粒骨植骨治疗全髋关节置换术后髋臼周围骨溶解

目的 探讨全髋关节置换（THA)术后髋臼周围骨溶解的治疗方法及疗效.方法 对24例(24髋)THA术后髋臼周围骨溶解行骨溶解病灶清除、同种异体颗粒骨植骨、更换高交联聚乙烯内衬和股骨头假体.14例（14髋）髋臼杯稳定保留金属臼杯;2例（2髋）髋臼杯稳定卡环损坏,被迫取出稳定臼杯,行非骨水泥型髋臼杯翻修术;8例（8髋）髋臼杯松动行髋臼翻修术.采用Harris评分评价髋关节功能.通过X线片观察假体是否松动和移植骨愈合情况.结果 23例获得随访,1例失访,平均随访16个月（10～45个月）.Harris评分由术前(58±23)分（17～86分）,提高到末次随访时(92±12)分（80～98分）,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).术后无感染、脱位、静脉血栓形成等.X线片显示髋臼假体无松动和异位骨化,可见移植骨-宿主骨交界处有连续性骨小梁通过.结论 保留髋臼杯积极进行骨溶解病灶清除,同种异体颗粒骨植骨,更换聚乙烯内衬和股骨头假体可阻断骨溶解的进展;髋臼翻修,同种异体颗粒骨植骨,短期随访示移植骨愈合、髋臼杯稳定,临床效果满意.     

Changes of biomechanical parameters in dysplasia of the hip by total hip replacement

AIM: Dysplastic hips or dislocated hips lead to loss of muscle strength claudication, and finally to coxarthrosis. This study analytically compares the hip joint forces in normal, dysplastic hips and hips after implantation of a hip prosthesis for several positions. METHOD: The results of 173 total hip replacements in 153 cases of either severe congenital dysplasia or dislocation were analyzed. A 2 dimensional mathematical model of the hip was developed to evaluate the effects of surgically achievable mechanical alterations such as acetabular placement, femoral shaft-prosthetic neck angle, and neck length of the femoral prosthesis. RESULTS: 63 % of the hip prosthesis were implanted on the right, 72 % on the left. Before implantation, the femoral shaft-prosthetic neck angle in mean was 146 degrees +/- 10 degrees, after implantation it was 135 degrees. The hip centre was displaced on in average 10 mm distally. Postoperatively hip joint force was increased 21 %. CONCLUSION: Minimum joint contact forces occurred when the femoral shaft prosthetic neck angles were small. The loads on the hip were lowered significantly by placing the centre of the acetabulum as far inferiorly and medially as possible. Another important finding is that displacement of the hip centre distally has a great effect on muscle performance and hip joint force.     

Anteversion of the acetabulum and femoral neck in early walking age patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip

Computed tomography measurements were made to quantify the relationship between the anteversion of the acetabulum and femoral neck in 27 early walking age patients (age range; 18-48 months) with developmental dysplasia of the hip. The centre-edge angle and acetabular index were measured in standard pelvis radiographs, and anteversion of acetabulum and femoral neck were measured by use of two-dimensional computed tomography in 25 complete dislocated, 19 subluxated and 10 unaffected hips (a total of 54 hips). The diagnosis of dysplasia, subluxation and complete dislocation of developmental hip dysplasia were determined radiographically using Ishida's criteria. There were statistically significant differences between the three groups for the centre-edge angle, the acetabular index, and acetabulum anteversion. There was no statistically significant difference between the three groups for femoral neck anteversion. The acetabular anteversion was found to be 13.4+/-2.8 degrees (mean+/-SD) in unaffected hips, 16.7+/-1.9 degrees in subluxated hips and 19.8+/-2.5 degrees in complete dislocated hips. There was statistically significant difference between the three groups, with a wide range of acetabular anteversion values noted in all groups (9-26 degrees ). The acetabular anteversion was increased on the dislocated side in each patient and we found no retroverted acetabulum. On the other hand there was no significant difference between the groups with regards to femoral neck anteversion. We conclude that confirming anteversion of the acetabulum and the femoral neck by two-dimensional computed tomography is needed in treatment planning of early walking age patients with developmental hip dysplasia.     

Microvascular density of rapidly destructive arthropathy of the hip joint

PURPOSE: To assess the vascularity of the femoral head and determine how it is related to the destruction of the arthritic hip joint. The process of destructive arthropathy in arthritic hip joints is variable. Some patients with osteoarthritis of the hip have rapidly progressive destructive changes resulting in the disappearance of the femoral head. METHOD: Six femoral heads from patients diagnosed with rapidly destructive arthropathy and 6 femoral heads from patients with secondary osteoarthritis caused by acetabular dysplasia were analysed to reveal the association between blood capillaries and osteoclasts. The von Willebrand Factor immunostaining and counterstaining with Mayer's haematoxylin were used to label the microvessels and osteoclasts in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens of femoral heads. The numbers of immunostained microvessels and osteoclasts in selected regions were counted. RESULT: The microvascular density of the bone surfaces of rapidly progressive arthritic hips was hypervascular. Osteoclasts were also found in increased numbers on the bone surfaces of rapidly progressive arthritic hips. The higher microvascular density coincided with extensive bone destruction and with the increased osteoclast count. CONCLUSION: These findings suggested that hypervascularity of the granulation in the femoral head may be associated with bone and joint destruction.     

Total hip Replacement in Congenital Dislocation of the Hip

Twenty cases of congenital dislocation of the hip were treated with total hip replacement. the hips were completely dislocated with the femoral head supported by a nearthrosis proximal to the original acetabulum. the concept was to reconstruct the hip with an acetabular cup at the site of the original acetabulum even if a portion of the proximal end of the femur had to be sacrificed in the process. the Harris prosthesis appears, in most instances, to be the most suitable type of prosthesis but it was concluded that the surgeon needs a selection of prostheses for this procedure. Nine-tenths of the patients were improved by the procedure and the complications could mostly be successfully dealt with. This type of surgery is justified in cases with special indications.     

Uncemented acetabular cups in dysplastic and protrusio acetabuli

Total hip arthroplasties using the Ring uncemented polyethylene to metal system were carried out in 84 hips with either protrusio or dysplasia of the acetabulum. The results of the operation, the stability and function of the acetabular implant, and radiologic changes in the medial wall of the acetabulum in the protrusio hips were assessed over a two- to five-year follow-up period. Annual assessment over the follow-up period showed that an excellent functional result was achieved in all patients. Six of the eight hips with severe protrusio showed an increase in the thickness of the medial acetabular wall one year from the time of operation. Lack of bony cover over the lateral surface of the acetabular cup in the dysplastic hips did not have any adverse effect on the stability and function of these hips.     

Crowe Ⅳ型髋关节发育不良的全髋关节置换术

目的 探讨全髋关节置换术治疗成人Crowe Ⅳ型髋关节发育不良(developmental dyspla-sia of the hip,DDH)的方法并评价其疗效.方法 1997年10月至2009年1月,应用全髋关节置换术治疗Crowe Ⅳ型DDH患者15例20髋,其中5例双侧、10例单侧.18髋采用Secur-Fit股骨假体,2髋采用Corail股骨假体.转子下斜行截骨6髋,髋臼底磨穿5髋,均行股骨头植骨.结果 15例中早期死亡1例(双髋),失访2例(2髋),余12例16髋获得平均44.2个月(5～92个月)随访.术后发生出血性休克1例,脂肪栓塞1例,术后脱位2例,股骨上端骨裂2例.转子下斜行截骨6髋中,1髋失随访,2髋分别于术后18和23个月随访时仍可见骨折线,下肢行走无异常,其余3髋骨愈合.髋臼底植骨5髋,除1髋失访外,其余均获得愈合.术后X线片显示髋臼假体均位于真臼内,完全骨性覆盖,无髋臼假体松动.术后双下肢长度差平均1.1 cm(0～2.2 cm).末次随访Harris评分由术前平均(24.7±5.7)分(15～32分)提高至末次随访(85.6±5.6)分(80～94分),差异有统计学意义.结论 对Crowe Ⅳ型DDH患者行全髋关节置换术时,良好的真臼暴露、加深髋臼、股骨短缩、斜行截骨及使用Secur-Fit假体能提高全髋关节置换术的治疗效果.     

人工全髋关节置换术后翻修的假体选择

目的探讨人工全髋关节置换术后翻修的假体选择. 方法 1995年1月～2002年6月进行全髋关节翻修术33例(33髋),其中男7髋,女26髋.翻修原因:无菌性松动22例,感染后松动8例(其中2例合并窦道形成);股骨头置换术后髋臼磨损3例,不伴有假体中心性脱位.对无菌性松动和股骨头磨损患者采用骨水泥固定型假体13例,生物固定型假体12例,股骨侧翻修假体均选择骨水泥固定型广泛涂层假体,8例感染患者均行一期骨水泥固定型全髋置换. 结果随访6个月～7年6个月,平均3年11个月.2例出现X线透亮带,但无临床不稳;4例遗留持续性疼痛,无假体脱位、断裂.本组Harris评分由术前的24～47分(平均38.6分),上升为术后的68～88分(平均82.4分),满意率87.9%. 结论无菌性松动是全髋关节置换术后翻修的主要原因.髋臼侧翻修假体可选择骨水泥型假体、也可选择生物型假体,股骨侧翻修假体均选择骨水泥固定型广泛涂层假体,感染后的翻修选择骨水泥假体较好.     

全髋关节置换术治疗成人髋关节发育不良的髋臼重建

目的探讨全髋关节置换术治疗成人髋关节发育不良（DDH）时不同方式髋臼重建对疗效的影响。方法 2000年1月至2007年10月,36例（44髋）先天性髋臼发育不良患者进行了全髋关节置换。年龄42～65岁,平均48岁。术前Harris评分平均为49.9分,双下肢长度差异平均为1.8 cm,髋关节平均活动度：屈曲59.6°,外展21.6°,内收13.9°,外旋10°,内旋8.2°。术中臼杯均安装于真臼处,髋臼内移14髋,髋臼内陷成形术18髋,自体股骨头结构性植骨12髋。髋臼侧均选用非骨水泥型假体。疗效评价：根据Harris评分分为优、良、可、差四级。结果所有患者均获得随访,随访时间1.8～9.2年,平均5.1年。平均Harris评分由术前的49.9分恢复到术后的90.1分,两者比较有统计学差异（P〈0.01,t=28.807）,其中评定为优23髋、良17髋、可4髋,术后优良率达90.9%。术后髋关节平均活动度：屈曲105°,外展35°,内收15.8°,外旋45°,内旋15°。本组病例无肺栓塞、深静脉血栓形成、感染等并发症发生。X线检查示假体无松动移位,无翻修病例。结论全髋关节置换术治疗成人髋臼发育不良采用恰当的髋臼重建结合非骨水泥型髋臼假体可获得满意中远期疗效。