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1.
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to measure and observe the changes in dynamic
plantar pressures when school children carried specific bag loads, and to determine
whether improved physical balance after an eight-week spinal stabilization exercise
program can influences plantar pressures. [Subjects] The subjects were 10 school students
with Cobb angles of 10° or greater. [Methods] Gait View Pro 1.0 (Alfoots, Korea) was were
based on to measure the pressure of the participants’ feet. Spinal stabilization exercises
used TOGU Multi-roll Functional (TOGU, Germany) training. Dynamic plantar pressures were
measured with bag loads of 0% no bag and 15% of subjects’ body weight. The independent t
test was performed to analyze changes in plantar pressures. [Results] The plantar pressure
measurements of bag load of 0% of subjects’ body weight before and after the spinal
stabilization exercise program were not significantly different, but those of two foot
areas with a 15% load were statistically significant (mt5, 67.32±24.25 and 51.77±25.52
kPa; lat heel, 126.00±20.46 and 102.08±23.87 kPa). [Conclusion] After performance of the
spinal stabilization exercises subjects’ overall plantar pressures were reduced, which may
suggest that physical balance improved.Key words: Idiopathic scoliosis, Dynamic foot pressure, Backpack load 相似文献
2.
Min-Yeong Heo Kyoung Kim Beom-Young Hur Chan-Woo Nam 《Journal of Physical Therapy Science》2015,27(12):3843-3846
[Purpose] To investigate whether pain, balance, and stabilization of the lumbar region
can be improved through thoracic mobilization in addition to lumbar stabilizaing
exercises. [Subjects and Methods] This study recruited 36 subjects with chronic low back
pain lasting more than 12 weeks. The subjects recruited for this study participated
voluntarily, and provided their signed consent to participation. [Results] Improvement in
balance was largest in the lumbar stabilization exercise group, followed by the thoracic
mobilization and exercise group, and the traditional physical therapy group, in decreasing
order of effect. [Conclusion] In conclusion, lumbar stabilization exercises combined with
thoracic mobilization had greater effects on stabilization of the lumbar region pain
relief, and improvement of the function of the patients with chronic low back pain.Key words: Lumbar stabilization exercises, Thoracic mobilization exercises, Chronic low back pain 相似文献
3.
Rita C. Guedes Rosangela C. Dias Leani S. M. Pereira Sílvia L. A. Silva Lygia P. Lustosa Jo?o M. D. Dias 《Revista brasileira de fisioterapia (S?o Carlos (S?o Paulo, Brazil))》2014,18(5):445-452
Background:
Gait parameters such as gait speed (GS) are important indicators of functional capacity. Frailty Syndrome is closely related to GS and is also capable of predicting adverse outcomes. The cognitive demand of gait control is usually explored with dual-task (DT) methodology.Objective:
To investigate the effect of DT and frailty on the spatio-temporal parameters of gait in older people and identify which variables relate to GS.Method:
The presence of frailty was verified by Fried''s Frailty Criteria. Cognitive function was evaluated with the Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) and gait parameters were analyzed through the GAITRite(r) system in the single-task and DT conditions. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov, ANOVA, and Pearson''s Correlation tests were administered.Results:
The participants were assigned to the groups frail (FG), pre-frail (PFG), and non-frail (NFG). During the DT, the three groups showed a decrease in GS, cadence, and stride length and an increase in stride time (p<0.001). The reduction in the GS of the FG during the DT showed a positive correlation with the MMSE scores (r=730; p=0.001) and with grip strength (r=681; p=0.001).Conclusions:
Gait parameters are more affected by the DT, especially in the frail older subjects. The reduction in GS in the FG is associated with lower grip strength and lower scores in the MMSE. The GS was able to discriminate the older adults in the three levels of frailty, being an important measure of the functional capacity in this population. 相似文献4.
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of dual-task gait training
on foot pressure in elderly women. [Subjects and Methods] Twenty elderly people in local
communities performed dual-task gait training for 20 minutes three times per week for 8
weeks. Foot pressure was measured using an F-scan System (Tekscan, South Boston, MA, USA)
before the intervention and in the 4th and 8th weeks of the intervention. [Results] Foot
pressure increased significantly between the 4th and 8th weeks of the intervention in the
CFF (central forefoot); between before the intervention and the 4th week, between the 4th
and 8th weeks, and between before the intervention and the 8th week in the MF (midfoot);
and between before the intervention and the 4th and 8th weeks in the HL (heel).
[Conclusion] The results of this study indicate that dual-task gait training may improve
the gait ability of elderly persons residing in the community.Key words: Aging, Gait, Dual tasks 相似文献
5.
Dae Jung Yang Seung Kyu Park Je Ho Kim Jae Won Heo Yong Seon Lee Yo Han Uhm 《Journal of Physical Therapy Science》2015,27(9):2943-2945
[Purpose] The aims of this study were to determine (1) the significance of walking and
foot pressure in stroke patients, and (2) the association between changes in postural
alignment of stroke patients. [Subjects and Methods] Foot pressure and walking ability
based on postural alignment were measured in 50 stroke patients. Trunk imbalance, trunk
rotation, pelvic tilt, kyphosis, lordosis were measured using DIERS formetric4D (DIERS
International GmbH, Schlangenbad, Germany), which anlalyzes 3-dimensional spinal structure
in order to measure postural alignment. To determine foot pressure, the support rate of
weight and, average foot pressure were measured using DIERS pedoscan (DIERS International
GmbH, Schlangenbad, Germany) apparatus as a pressure platform. [Results] DIERS formetric
4D, DIERS pedoscan, and a 10 m walking test were utilized to measure foot pressure and
walking ability relative to changes in postural alignment in participating stroke
patients. [Conclusion] This study confirmed the significance of foot pressure and walking
ability as related postural alignment, indicating that postural alignment education and a
recovery therapy program for functional improvement of stroke patients should be provided
together.Key words: Postural alignment, Foot pressure, Walking ability 相似文献
6.
[Purpose] This study compared and analyzed use of an existing ankle ramp and a newly
developed ankle ramp for stretching exercises. [Subjects] Fourteen subjects were included;
they were stroke patients more than 6 months after onset, with no orthopedic or biological
problems in the legs, so independent gait was possible. [Methods] The subjects performed
stretching exercises for 5 min with an existing ankle ramp and a newly developed ankle
ramp; foot pressure was then measured. [Results] The averaged percentage and kilopascal
data for weight bearing and foot pressure on the affected side with the newly developed
ankle ramp for stretching exercises were significantly higher than those with the existing
ankle ramp. [Conclusion] Our results suggest that stretching exercises using the newly
developed ankle ramp more effectively increase foot pressure than the existing ankle
ramp.Key words: Ankle ramp, Foot pressure, Stroke 相似文献
7.
Nyeon-Jun Kim Ji-Sung Kim Joong-San Wang Joo-Hyun Park Jung-Hyun Choi 《Journal of Physical Therapy Science》2015,27(6):1685-1689
The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of dynamic trunk exercises and
isometric trunk exercises on gait in elderly people. [Subjects] This study randomly
allocated 20 elderly people to an isometric trunk exercise group (n=10) and a dynamic
trunk exercise group (n=10). The exercises were performed for 30 minutes three times a
week for 12 weeks. Gait speed, stride length, cadence, and step width were measured at a
normal pace using GAITRite. All groups were evaluated before and after 12 weeks. [Results]
The isometric exercise group showed a significant change in gait velocity, cadence, and
left and right step lengths. The dynamic trunk exercise group showed a significant change
in gait velocity, cadence, left and right step lengths, left and right step times, and
left and right stride lengths. Moreover, a comparison of the exercise effect between the
two groups showed a significant difference in gait velocity. [Conclusion] The results of
this study suggest that isometric trunk exercises and dynamic trunk exercises have a
positive effect on gait function in elderly people. In particular, isometric trunk
exercises are recommended to promote gait velocity.Key words: Isometric trunk exercise, Dynamic trunk exercise, Gait 相似文献
8.
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to clarify the difference in gait parameters of
at-home walking and the 10-meter walking test results of individuals with hemiparesis.
[Subjects] A total of 14 hemiparetic stroke recovery patients participated in this study.
Inclusion criteria were: living at home, the ability to walk independently, and
demonstrated low extremity on recovery stages III–V on the Brunnstrom Approach. The
average age of the subjects was 66 years. [Methods] We used video surveillance and the
inked footprint technique to record usual walking speed and maximum speed patterns both in
subjects’ homes and during the 10-meter walking test. From these methods, walking speed,
stride length, and step rate were calculated. [Results] While both usual and maximum
walking speeds of the 10-meter walking test correlated with stride length and step rate,
at-home walking speeds only significantly correlated with stride length. [Conclusion]
Walking patterns of the 10-meter walking test are quantifiably distinct from those
demonstrated in patients’ homes, and this difference is mainly characterized by stride
length. In order to enhance in-home walking ability, exercises that improve length of
stride rather than step rate should be recommended.Key words: At-home walking, Stride length, Step rate 相似文献
9.
[Purpose] The aim of this study was to examine the effects of a bridge exercise with
vibration training and an unstable base of support on lumbar stabilization. [Subjects]
This study assigned healthy adults in their 20s to a bridge exercise with a sling and
vibration group (BESV, n=20) and a bridge exercise with a sling group (BESG, n=20).
[Methods] Electromyography was used to comparatively analyze the activity of the internal
obliques (IO), external obliques (EO), and rectus abdominis (RA) when local vibration was
applied during a bridge exercise that used a sling as an unstable base of support.
[Results] There were statistically significant increases in the activity of the IO and EO
within each group after the intervention. The activity of the IO and the EO was
significantly higher in the BESV group than in the BES group after the intervention.
[Conclusion] The bridge exercise performed using vibration training on an unstable base of
support increased the activity of the IO and the EO, which improved lumbar
stabilization.Key words: Bridge exercise, Vibration, Lumbar stabilization 相似文献
10.
[Purpose] This study examined the effect of low intensity exercise on bone density by
conducting trunk stabilization exercise on females after menopause for 24 weeks. [Subjects
and Methods] Thirty three female subjects over 47 years old and under the age of 53 were
selected and 16 for experimental group and 17 for control group were randomly selected.
Experimental group had performed spinal and pelvic stabilization exercise 30 minutes a
day, 5times a week, for 24 weeks. Except for the daily life, control group did not
participate in any characteristic movement. Bone density of every member in experimental
group was measured using average value of bone density of 1st–4th lumbar through
quantitative computer tomography. [Results] There was a meaningful difference in only
control group about measured value of bone density within each group, experimental and
control group, but there was no meaningful difference in measured value of bone density
between two groups, experimental group and control group. [Conclusion] Through this
research, we could see the fact that although trunk stability exercise could not change
bone density meaningfully, it could maintain bone density. In the future, it is randomly
necessary to study things related this because results of researches can show different
results according to exercise intensity, exercise period, age, weight, hormone status and
mediation period. It is considered that it will help to prevent and treat patients with
osteoporosis a lot.Key words: Bone mineral density, Computer tomography, Low intensity exercise 相似文献
11.
BackgroundIndividuals post-stroke have an increased risk of falling, which can lead to injuries and reduced quality of life. This increased fall risk can be partially attributed to poorer balance control, which has been linked to altered post-stroke gait kinematics (e.g. an increased step width). The application of lateral stabilization to the pelvis reduces step width among neurologically-intact young and older adults, suggesting that lateral stabilization reduces the need for active frontal plane balance control. This study sought to determine if lateral stabilization is effective at improving common measures of gait performance and dynamic balance in neurologically-intact and post-stoke individuals who responded to the stabilization by reducing their step width.MethodsGait performance was assessed by foot placement and propulsion symmetry while dynamic balance was assessed by peak-to-peak range of frontal plane whole body angular momentum (HR) and pelvis and trunk sway.FindingsControls and post-stroke Responders who reduced their step width in response to stabilization also reduced their mediolateral pelvis sway, but did not exhibit changes in gait performance. Contrary to expectations, both groups exhibited an increased HR, possibly indicative of decreased balance control. This increase was the result of increased relative velocity between the pelvis and head, arms and trunk segment.InterpretationThese results suggest that a reduction in pelvis motion alone, as opposed to relative motion between the pelvis and upper body, may increase HR, decrease balance control and diminish gait performance. This finding has important implications for locomotor therapies that may seek to reduce pelvis motion. 相似文献
12.
Kyung Woo Kang Na Kyung Lee Sung Min Son Jung Won Kwon Kyoung Kim 《Journal of Physical Therapy Science》2015,27(3):833-835
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to investigate how the use of handrails during
treadmill walking affects the gait parameters of stroke patients. [Subjects and Methods]
The participants, 30 hemiplegic stroke patients, were randomly allocated to one of three
groups: the NHG group (No Handrail group, n=10), the FHG group (Front handrail group,
n=10), and BHG group (Bilateral Handrail group, n=10). All the subjects’ performed
treadmill walking for 30 min, five days a week, for a period of eight weeks. Gait
parameters were evaluated using the RS-scan system. [Results] A statistically significant
difference in the HM (heel-medial) area of plantar foot pressure was observed between BHG
and NHG. Statistically significant difference in the HL (heel-lateral) area of plantar
foot pressure was observed between BHG and NHG, and between FHG and NHG. A statistically
significant difference in contact area of the rear foot was observed between BHG and NHG.
[Conclusion] The results of this study show that holding handrails during treadmill
training may enhance the improvement in the quality of patients’ gait (plantar foot
pressure, contact area of foot).Key words: Treadmill training, Handrails, Stroke 相似文献
13.
Munsang Choi Junsang Yoo Soonyoung Shin Wanhee Lee 《Journal of Physical Therapy Science》2015,27(6):1861-1864
[Purpose] This study investigated the effect of stepper exercise with visual feedback on
strength, walking, and stair climbing in stroke patients. [Subjects] Twenty-six stroke
patients were divided randomly into the stepper exercise with visual feedback group (n =
13) or the stepper exercise group (n = 13). [Methods] Subjects in the experimental group
received feedback through the mirror during exercise, while those in the control group
performed the exercise without visual feedback; both groups exercised for the 30 min
thrice per week for 6 weeks. The hip extensor and knee extensor strength, 10-m walking
test results, and 11-step stair climbing test results were evaluated before and after the
intervention. [Results] The stepper exercise with visual feedback group showed
significantly greater improvement for hip extensor strength and the 10-m walking test. The
knee extensor strength and 11-step stair climbing in both groups showed significantly
greater improvement after the intervention, but without any significant difference between
groups. [Conclusion] The findings of this study indicate that the stepper exercise with
visual feedback can help improve the strength of the hip extensor and the 10-m walking
test; the stepper exercise alone may also improve the knee extensor strength and stair
climbing ability.Key words: Stroke, Stairs, Visual feedback 相似文献
14.
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the cocontraction of
masticatory muscles during neck stabilization exercises on changes in the thickness of the
neck flexors. [Subjects and Methods] Twenty subjects performed neck stabilization only
exercise and neck stabilization exercise with simultaneous contraction of the masticatory
muscles. Changes in the thickness of the longus colli and sternocleidomastoid were then
measured by ultrasound. [Results] The thickness of the longus colli increased
significantly fallowing cocontraction of the masticatory muscles and neck stabilization
exercise, whereas the exercise method used had no significant effect on the thickness of
the sternocleidomastoid. [Conclusion] Cocontraction of the masticatory muscles during neck
stabilization exercise is helpful in increasing the thickness of longus colli muscle.Key words: Masticatory muscle, Neck stabilization exercises, Thickness of neck flexors 相似文献
15.
[Purpose] Effects of muscle fatigue on lower-extremity balance were evaluated in 12healthy young women in their 20s while they walked on a treadmill wearing rain boots ofdifferent lengths. [Methods] The rain boots were divided into three groups based on theshaft length (Long, Middle, Short). Romberg’s test was applied and limits of stabilitywere measured before and after treadmill walking. [Results] Romberg’s test showed asignificant main effect for time. There were significant differences between the center ofgravity area, length, and velocity when the eyes were open and the center of gravitylength, velocity, and length/cm2 when the eyes were closed. Changes in thelimits of stability also showed a significant main effect of time. There were significantdifferences in pre-test and post-test values in the left, right, forward, and totaldirections. [Conclusion] It was found that muscle fatigue in the lower extremitiesgenerated by walking in rain boots affected the joints and the adjuster muscles, dependingon shaft lengths. Compensation due to visual feedback and the length of the boot shaftaffected movement of the distal joints, resulting in a reduced ability to balance. 相似文献
16.
[Purpose] Revised high-heeled shoes were developed to minimize foot deformities by
reducing excessive load on the forefoot during walking or standing in adult females, who
frequently wear standard high-heeled shoes. Specifically, this study aimed to investigate
the effects of revised high-heeled shoes on foot pressure distribution and center of
pressure distance during standing in adult females. [Subjects and Methods] Twelve healthy
adult females were recruited to participate in this study. Foot pressures were obtained
under 3 conditions: barefoot, in revised high-heeled shoes, and in standard 7-cm
high-heeled shoes. Foot pressure was measured using the Tekscan HR mat scan system.
One-way repeated analysis of variance was used to compare the foot pressure distribution
and center of pressure distance under these 3 conditions. [Results] The center of pressure
distance between the two lower limbs and the fore-rear distribution of foot pressure were
significantly different for the 3 conditions. [Conclusion] Our findings support the
premise that wearing revised high-heeled shoes seems to provide enhanced physiologic
standing posture compared to wearing standard high-heeled shoes.Key words: Revised high-heeled shoes, Centre of pressure, Standing 相似文献
17.
Y Javadian H Behtash M Akbari M Taghipour-Darzi H Zekavat 《Journal of back and musculoskeletal rehabilitation》2012,25(3):149-155
Background data: Lumbar segmental instability (LSI) is one of the subgroups of non-specific chronic low back pain. Pain, functional disability and reduced muscle endurance are common in such patients. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of stabilization exercise on pain, functional disability and muscle endurance in patients with LSI. Methods: A randomized clinical trial was carried out on 30 patients who had LSI aged between 18-45 years. They were divided into two groups; the control group underwent routine exercise only while the experimental group performed routine exercise plus stabilization training for 8 weeks. Both had 3 months follow-up. The variables included pain intensity, functional disability and flexion and extension range of motion and flexor, extensor and lateral flexor muscles endurance which were evaluated 3 times; before, post treatment and after three months. The data were analyzed using repeated measurement ANOVA.Results: The results revealed that after treatment, the trunk muscle endurance and flexion range of motion increased significantly and the pain intensity and functional disability decreased significantly in both groups; however the rate of improvement was significantly higher in the experimental group. The process of decreasing pain intensity and functional disability in addition to increasing muscle endurance time %was were significantly faster in the experimental group during the three months follow up. Conclusion: Regarding the positive effects of stabilizing exercises with routine exercises in reduction of pain intensity, increasing functional ability and muscle endurance, it is recommended to use this method in treatment of patients with lumbar segmental instability. 相似文献
18.
Background
Characterizing the lumbar muscle flexion-relaxation phenomenon is a clinically relevant approach in understanding the neuromuscular alternations of low back pain patients. Previous studies have indicated that changes in stance posture could directly influence trunk kinematics and potentially change the lumbar tissue synergy. In this study, the effects of stance width and foot posture on the lumbar muscle relaxation responses during trunk flexion were investigated.Methods
Thirteen volunteers performed trunk flexion using three different stance widths and ‘toe-forward’ or ‘toe-out’ foot postures (six conditions in total). Lumbar muscle electromyography was collected from the L3 and L4 level paraspinals; meanwhile three magnetic motion sensors were placed over the S1, T12, and C7 vertebrae to track lumbar and trunk kinematics. The lumbar angle at which muscle activity diminished to a near resting level was recorded. At the systemic level, the boundary where the internal moment started to shift from active to passive tissues was identified.Findings
For the L3 paraspinals, the flexion relaxation lumbar angle reduced 1.3° with the increase of stance width. When changed from ‘toe-forward’ to ‘toe-out’ foot posture, the flexion relaxation lumbar angle reduced 1.4° and 1.1° for the L3 and L4 paraspinals respectively. However, the active and passive lumbar tissue load shifting boundary was not affected.Interpretation
Findings of this study suggest that changes in stance width and foot posture altered the lumbar tissue load sharing mechanism. Therefore, in a clinical setting, it is critical to maintain consistent stance postures when examining the characteristics of lumbar tissue synergy. 相似文献19.
[Purpose] The aim of this study was to examine whether plantar flexor static stretching
and dynamic stretching using an Aero-Step results in changes in foot pressure during gait
in healthy adults. [Subjects] Eighteen normal adults were randomly allocated to either a
dynamic stretching using an Aero-Step group (DSUAS) group (n = 8) or a static stretching
(SS) group (n = 10). [Methods] The DSUAS and SS participants took part in an exercise
program for 15 minutes. Outcome measures were foot plantar pressure, which was measured
during the subject’s gait stance phase; the asymmetric ratio of foot pressure for both
feet; and the visual analogue scale (VAS) measured during the interventions. [Results]
There were significant differences in the asymmetric ratio of foot pressure for both feet
and VAS between the two groups after intervention. However, there were no significant
differences in foot plantar pressure during the gait stance phase within both groups.
[Conclusion] DSUSAS is an effective stretching method, as pain during it is lower than
that with SS, which can minimize the asymmetric ratio of foot pressure for both feet
during gait due to asymmetric postural alignment.Key words: Static stretching, Dynamic stretching using Aero-Step, Foot pressure 相似文献
20.
[Purpose] The effects of core training using slings and Togus on the improvement of
posture control in Taekwondo club students, that is, balance ability, were investigated.
To that end, changes in the Taekwondo players’ balance ability resulting from active core
training for eight weeks were examined through fitness and foot pressure. [Subjects] The
present study was conducted with 13 male Taekwondo players of K University in Deagu, South
Korea. Once the experiment process was explained, consent was obtained from those who
participated voluntarily. [Methods] Air cushions (Germany), Jumpers (Germany), and
Aero-Steps (Germany) were used as lumbar stabilization exercise tools. As a method of
training proprioceptive senses by stimulating somatesthesia in standing postures, the
subjects performed balance squats, supine pelvic lifts, and push-up plus exercise using
slings while standing on an Aero-Step and performed hip extension parallel squats (Wall
Gym Ball), and standing press-ups on a Togu using their own weight. The subjects performed
four sets of these isometric exercises while maintaining an exercise time per set at 30
seconds in each session and repeated this session three times per week. [Result] Left grip
strength significantly increased and number of sit-ups, which indicates muscle endurance,
also significantly increased after the eight weeks exercise compared with before the
exercise. The values measured during the sit and reach test, which indicate flexibility,
also significantly increase after the eight weeks of exercise compared with before the
exercise but only in the left foot. [Conclusion] The result of present study suggest that
active core exercise using Slings and Togus can be applied as a very effective exercise
program for enhancing balance, which is an important physical factor for Taekwondo club
students.Key words: Sling, Togu, Foot pressure 相似文献