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1.
Jae Yun Cha Doo Chul Shin Seung Ho Shin Myung Mo Lee Kyoung Jin Lee Chang Ho Song 《Journal of Physical Therapy Science》2014,26(5):749-751
[Purpose] This study examined the relationship between core stability and exercise
intensity during a pulley-based shoulder exercise (PBSE) on an unstable support surface.
[Subjects] Twenty healthy college students enrolled in this study. [Methods] Surface EMG
was carried out in twenty healthy adult men. The electromyographic activities of the
rectus abdominis (RA), erector spinae (ES), exercises with 14 kg or 26 kg of resistance
and external oblique (EO) muscles during pulley-based shoulder on an unstable support
surface (USS) were compared. [Results] The EMG signals of the RA, ES, and EO did not
increase with increasing exercise resistance. [Conclusion] Increasing the exercise
intensity to increase the core stability during PBSE on a USS may be ineffective.Key words: Electromyography, Core stability, Ankle strategy 相似文献
2.
[Purpose] This study aimed to clarify the differences in scapular movement during flexion and abduction of the shoulder joint with different postures. [Participants and Methods] This study included 15 male participants. Their shoulder flexion and abduction and angles of the scapular upward rotation, scapular anterior tilt, scapular external rotation, and thoracic spine flexion were measured. Measurements were taken in three positions: the control, thoracic spine flexion, and thoracic spine extension positions using a three-dimensional motion capture system. [Results] In the shoulder flexion, the amount of change in the scapular external rotation was significantly greater in the thoracic flexion than in the thoracic extension. In shoulder abduction, the amount of change in the scapular anterior tilt and external rotation was significantly greater in the thoracic flexion than in the thoracic extension. A comparison of the scapular angles in shoulder flexion and abduction showed that the upward rotation, posterior tilt, and external rotation were significantly greater in abduction than flexion. [Conclusion] To avoid posture-induced incoordination of the scapula and thorax movement during shoulder elevation, postural adjustment of the thoracic spine based on the movements is necessary for the shoulder joint exercises. 相似文献
3.
Tomonobu Ishigaki Masanori Yamanaka Motoki Hirokawa Keita Tai Yuya Ezawa Mina Samukawa Harukazu Tohyama Makoto Sugawara 《Journal of Physical Therapy Science》2014,26(12):1871-1874
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to compare the intramuscular balance ratios of
the upper trapezius muscle (UT) and the lower trapezius muscle (LT), and the intermuscular
balance ratios of the UT and the serratus anterior muscle (SA) among prone extension
(ProExt), prone horizontal abduction with external rotation (ProHAbd), forward flexion in
the side-lying position (SideFlex), side-lying external rotation (SideEr), shoulder
flexion with glenohumeral horizontal abduction load (FlexBand), and shoulder flexion with
glenohumeral horizontal adduction load (FlexBall) in the standing posture. [Methods] The
electromyographic (EMG) activities of the UT, LT and SA were measured during the tasks.
The percentage of maximum voluntary isometric contraction (%MVIC) was calculated for each
muscle, and the UT/LT ratios and the UT/SA ratios were compared among the tasks. [Results]
The UT/LT ratio with the FlexBand was not significantly different from those of the four
exercises in the side-lying and prone postures. The UT/SA ratio with the FlexBall
demonstrated appropriate balanced activity. [Conclusion] In an anti-gravity posture, we
recommend the FlexBand and the FlexBall for inducing balanced UT/LT and UT/SA ratios,
respectively.Key words: Scapular muscle exercise, Balanced scapular muscle activity, Electromyography 相似文献
4.
Tadanobu Suehiro Masatoshi Mizutani Mitsuhisa Okamoto Hiroshi Ishida Kenichi Kobara Daisuke Fujita Hiroshi Osaka Hisashi Takahashi Susumu Watanabe 《Journal of Physical Therapy Science》2014,26(12):1895-1898
[Purpose] This study investigated the selective activation of the gluteus maximus during
a prone hip extension with knee flexion exercise, with the hip joint in different
positions. [Subjects] The subjects were 21 healthy, male volunteers. [Methods] Activities
of the right gluteus maximus, right hamstrings, bilateral lumbar erector spinae, and
bilateral lumbar multifidus were measured using surface electromyography during a prone
hip extension with knee flexion exercise. Measurements were made with the hip joint in
each of 3 positions: (1) a neutral hip joint position, (2) an abduction hip joint
position, and (3) an abduction with external rotation hip joint position. [Results]
Gluteus maximus activity was significantly higher when the hip was in the abduction with
external rotation hip joint position than when it was in the neutral hip joint and
abduction hip joint positions. Gluteus maximus activity was also significantly higher in
the abduction hip joint position than in the neutral hip joint position. Hamstring
activity was significantly lower when the hip was in the abduction with external rotation
hip joint position than when it was in the neutral hip joint and abduction hip joint
positions. [Conclusion] Abduction and external rotation of the hip during prone hip
extension with knee flexion exercise selectively activates the gluteus maximus.Key words: Prone hip extension with knee flexion, Hip joint position, Electromyography 相似文献
5.
Tadanobu Suehiro Masatoshi Mizutani Hiroshi Ishida Kenichi Kobara Daisuke Fujita Hiroshi Osaka Hisashi Takahashi Susumu Watanabe 《Journal of Physical Therapy Science》2015,27(1):289-291
[Purpose] This study investigated the effect of hip position on muscle onset time during
prone hip extension with knee flexion. [Subjects] The study included 21 healthy male
volunteers. [Methods] Muscle onset times of the right gluteus maximus, right hamstrings,
bilateral lumbar erector spinae, and bilateral lumbar multifidus were measured using
surface electromyography during right hip extension with knee flexion in the prone
position. Measurements were made with the hip in 3 positions: (1) neutral, (2) abduction,
and (3) abduction and external rotation. [Results] Gluteus maximus onset relative to the
hamstrings was significantly earlier with hip abduction and with hip abduction and
external rotation compared with that with the hip in the neutral position. Gluteus maximus
onset relative to the hamstrings was significantly earlier with hip abduction and external
rotation compared with that with hip abduction. The bilateral multifidus and left lumbar
erector spinae onset times relative to the hamstrings were significantly earlier with hip
abduction and external rotation compared with those with hip abduction and with the hip in
the neutral position. [Conclusion] Abduction and external rotation of the hip during prone
hip extension with knee flexion is effective for advancing the onset times of the gluteus
maximus, bilateral multifidus, and contralateral lumbar erector spinae.Key words: Prone hip extension with knee flexion, Hip joint position, Muscle onset time 相似文献
6.
Haroo Kim Boin Kim Jemyung Shim HaeYeon Kwon JuHyeon Jung 《Journal of Physical Therapy Science》2014,26(1):97-100
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to compare the potential effects of resistance
exercise according to the positions of the arms and the rotation of the humerus on the
subhumeral acromial space. [Subjects] The study subjects were 34 subjects without shoulder
pain. [Methods] Ultrasonographic measurements of the acromiohumeral distance of the
subjects were made at three shoulder positions: 90° flexion, scaption at 90° abduction,
and 90° abduction in an upright sitting position. The subjects were instructed to
vertically push against a table to the maximum level with the humerus in internal,
neutral, and external rotation. The measurements were made three times in each position.
[Results] There was a significant difference in acromiohuneral distance between neutral
and internal rotation of the humerus, and between external rotation and internal rotation
of the humerus. In the scaption position, there was a significant difference between
neutral and internal rotation of the humerus, and between external rotation and internal
rotation of the humerus. In the 90° flexion position, there was a significant difference
between neutral and internal rotation, and between neutral and external rotation. There
was a significant difference between the flexion position and the abduction position, and
between the flexion position and the scaption position. In terms of the internal rotation
of the humerus, there was a significant difference between 90° flexion and 90° abduction.
[Conclusion] These findings can be applied in exercises prescribed to increase the
acromiohumeral distance and to aid the treatment and evaluation of shoulder
dysfunctions.Key words: Ultrasonographic, Acromiohumeral distance, Humeral rotation 相似文献
7.
Misuk Cho 《Journal of Physical Therapy Science》2015,27(6):1941-1944
[Purpose] This study aimed to identify correlations among pelvic positions and
differences in lower extremity joint angles during walking in female university students.
[Subjects] Thirty female university students were enrolled and their pelvic positions and
differences in lower extremity joint angles were measured. [Methods] Pelvic position,
pelvic torsion, and pelvic rotation were assessed using the BackMapper. In addition,
motion analysis was performed to derive differences between left and right flexion,
abduction, and external rotation ranges of hip joints; flexion, abduction, and external
rotation ranges of knee joints; and dorsiflexion, inversion, and abduction ranges of ankle
joints, according to X, Y, and Z-axes. [Results] Pelvic position was found to be
positively correlated with differences between left and right hip flexion (r=0.51), hip
abduction (r=0.62), knee flexion (r=0.45), knee abduction (r=0.42), and ankle inversion
(r=0.38). In addition, the difference between left and right hip abduction showed a
positive correlation with difference between left and right ankle dorsiflexion (r=0.64).
Moreover, differences between left and right knee flexion exhibited positive correlations
with differences between left and right knee abduction (r=0.41) and ankle inversion
(r=0.45). [Conclusion] Bilateral pelvic tilt angles are important as they lead to
bilateral differences in lower extremity joint angles during walking.Key words: Pelvic position, Lower extremity joint angle, Walking 相似文献
8.
[Purpose] This study evaluated the effects of bridge exercise on trunk core muscle
activity with respect to sling height and hip joint abduction and adduction. [Subjects]
Fifteen healthy adult males participated. [Methods] In the bridge exercise, the height of
the sling was set low or high during hip joint abduction and adduction. Electromyography
was used to compare the differences between the muscle activities of the transverse
abdominis, rectus abdominis, and erector spinae muscles. [Results] The muscle activities
of the transverse abdominis, rectus abdominis, and erector spinae were significantly
higher in the high sling position. Furthermore, the activities of the transverse abdominis
and erector spinae were significantly higher during hip joint adduction than abduction
regardless of sling height. [Conclusion] A high sling height is the most effective
intervention for increasing the muscle activities of the transverse abdominis and erector
spinae muscles during hip joint adduction in a bridge exercise.Key words: Bridge exercise, Trunk core muscle, Sling 相似文献
9.
《Hong Kong Physiotherapy Journal》2003,21(1):15-21
The effect of muscle tone on passive range of motion (PROM) in affected joints and comparison joints on the unaffected side was investigated in 15 patients with flaccid paralysis hemiplegia. PROM was measured in the shoulder and hip in flexion, extension, abduction, adduction and internal and external rotation using the plastic universal goniometer. PROM in the elbow and knee was assessed in flexion and extension. Wrist PROM was measured in flexion, extension and radial and ulnar deviation. Additionally, ankle dorsiflexion, plantarflexion, eversion and inversion PROM were assessed. Decreased muscle tone significantly affected shoulder (p = 0.006), wrist (p = 0.032) and hip (p = 0.003) PROM. Significant differences between the affected and unaffected sides were found in shoulder PROM in extension (p = 0.014), adduction (p = 0.001) and internal (p = 0.034) and external rotation (p = 0.007). Wrist PROM was significantly different in flexion (p = 0.048) and extension (p = 0.001), and hip PROM was significantly different in abduction (p = 0.029), adduction (p = 0.012) and external rotation (p = 0.001). Surprisingly, although muscle tone had no influence on ankle PROM, there was a significant difference in ankle plantarflexion PROM (p = 0.013). In conclusion, in flaccid hemiplegia, decreased muscle tone affects the PROM in the shoulder, wrist and hip. Differences in PROM between the unaffected and affected side are evident in shoulder extension, adduction and internal and external rotation, wrist flexion and extension, hip abduction, adduction and external rotation, and ankle plantarflexion. 相似文献
10.
[Purpose] We investigated the effects of unstable conditions on the electromyographic
(EMG) activity of the rectus abdominis (RA) and the transverse abdominis–internal oblique
(TrA-IO) muscles, and lumbar kinematics during unilateral upper-limb resistance exercises
using elastic tubing bands. [Subjects] Twelve healthy males were recruited. [Methods] The
subjects performed isometric left shoulder abduction using an elastic tubing band in a
sitting position on a chair, and on a Swiss ball. During this exercise, EMG activities of
the RA and TrA-IO were recorded using a wireless EMG system, and a three-dimensional
motion analysis system monitored lumbar kinematics. Differences in EMG activities of the
RA and TrA-IO, the ratio of TrA-IO to RA activity, and lumbar kinematics were compared
between the stable and unstable conditions using the paired t-test.
[Results] Under the unstable condition, the EMG activities of both muscles were
significantly greater than that under the stable condition; however the ratio of TrA-IO to
RA activity did not significantly differ between the conditions. The lumbar angle
significantly differed only in the coronal plane. [Conclusions] These findings indicate
that trunk posture should be considered when performing exercises under unstable
conditions.Key words: Swiss ball, Abdominal muscles, Electromyography 相似文献
11.
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of the flexion angle of
the knee joint and the abduction angle of the hip joint on the activation of the cervical
region and abdominal muscles. [Subjects] A total of 42 subjects were enrolled 9 males and
33 females. [Methods] The bridging exercise in this study was one form of exercise with a
knee joint flexion angle of 90°. Based on this, a bridging exercise was conducted at the
postures of abduction of the lower extremities at 0, 5, 10, and 15°. [Result] The changes
in the knee joint angle and the hip abduction angle exhibited statistically significant
effects on the cervical erector spinae, adductor magnus, and gluteus medius muscles. The
abduction angles did not result in statistically significant effects on the upper
trapezium, erector spinae, external oblique, and rectus abdominis muscles. However, in
relation to the knee joint angles, during the bridging exercise, statistically significant
results were exhibited. [Conclusion] When patients with both cervical and back pain do a
bridging exercise, widening the knee joint angle would reduce cervical and shoulder muscle
activity through minimal levels of abduction, permitting trunk muscle strengthening with
reduced cervical muscle activity. This method would be helpful for strengthening trunk
muscles in a selective manner.Key words: Bridging exercise, Knee and hip joint angle, Muscle activation 相似文献
12.
Keisuke Ohtsuki 《Journal of Physical Therapy Science》2014,26(4):505-507
[Purpose] Elderly female patients with glenohumeral joint (GHJ) contracture, forced into
prolonged immobility were examined. Range of motion exercises using humerus anatomical
neck-shaft rotation were performed, and the immediate effect and adaptation were
investigated. [Subjects and Methods] A total of ten individuals with a mean age of 79.4 ±
11.0 years were included in this study. The controlled intervention involved conventional
range of motion exercises, and the experimental intervention involved humerus anatomical
neck-shaft rotation. Each exercise was performed 30 times. Shoulder joint flexion and
abduction and external rotation of the GHJ range of motion were measured with the scapula
fixed. Each change in range of motion was compared using ANOVA; less than 5% was
considered significant. [Results] After the experimental intervention, significant
increases were seen in shoulder joint flexion, abduction, and external rotation ranges of
motion. [Conclusion] Therefore, this method was effective as a means of improving the
range of motion of the GHJ.Key words: Shoulder joint, Contracture, Humerus anatomical neck-shaft rotation 相似文献
13.
Ryan WG Bench Sydney E Thompson Alan C Cudlip Michael WR Holmes 《International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy》2021,16(2):322
BackgroundElastic resistance exercise is a common part of rehabilitation programs. While these exercises are highly prevalent, little information exists on how adding an additional resistance vector with a different direction from the primary vector alters muscle activity of the upper extremity.PurposeThe purpose of this study was to examine the effects of dual vector exercises on torso and upper extremity muscle activity in comparison to traditional single vector techniques.Study DesignRepeated measures design.MethodsSixteen healthy university-aged males completed four common shoulder exercises against elastic resistance (abduction, flexion, internal rotation, external rotation) while using a single or dual elastic vector at a fixed cadence and standardized elastic elongation. Surface electromyography was collected from 16 muscles of the right upper extremity. Mean, peak and integrated activity were extracted from linear enveloped and normalized data and a 2-way repeated measures ANOVA examined differences between conditions.ResultsAll independent variables differentially influenced activation. Interactions between single/dual vectors and exercise type affected mean activation in 11/16 muscles, while interactions in peak activation existed in 7/16 muscles. Adding a secondary vector increased activation predominantly in flexion or abduction exercises; little changes existed when adding a second vector in internal and external rotation exercises. The dual vector exercise in abduction significantly increased mean activation in lower trapezius by 25.6 ± 8.11 %MVC and peak activation in supraspinatus by 29.4 ± 5.94 %MVC (p<0.01). Interactions between single/dual vectors and exercise type affected integrated electromyography for most muscles; the majority of these muscles had the highest integrated electromyography in the dual vector abduction condition.ConclusionMuscle activity often increased with a second resistance vector added; however, the magnitude was exercise-dependent. The majority of these changes existed in the flexion and abduction exercises, with little differences in the internal or external rotation exercises.Level of Evidence3b 相似文献
14.
The purpose of this study was to examine the intratester and intertester reliabilities for clinical goniometric measurements of shoulder passive range of motion (PROM) using two different sizes of universal goniometers. Patients were measured without controlling therapist goniometric placement technique or patient position during measurements. Repeated PROM measurements of shoulder flexion, extension, abduction, shoulder horizontal abduction, horizontal adduction, lateral (external) rotation, and medial (internal) rotation were taken of two groups of 50 subjects each. The intratester intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) for all motions ranged from .87 to .99. The ICCs for the intertester reliability of PROM measurements of horizontal abduction, horizontal adduction, extension, and medial rotation ranged from .26 to .55. The intertester ICCs for PROM measurements of flexion, abduction, and lateral rotation ranged from .84 to .90. Goniometric PROM measurements for the shoulder appear to be highly reliable when taken by the same physical therapist, regardless of the size of the goniometer used. The degree of intertester reliability for these measurements appears to be range-of-motion specific. 相似文献
15.
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to compare the activation of the tibialis
anterior (TA) and soleus (SOL) muscles during the sit-to-stand (STS) task with hip
adduction and hip abduction in elderly females. [Subjects] We recruited 16 healthy elderly
females with no pain in the knee joint and no other orthopedic problems of the lower
limbs. [Methods] The activities of the dominant lower extremity muscles were measured
using a wireless electromyography (EMG) system. Subjects then performed a total of nine
STS trials, including three trials each for hip adduction, hip abduction, and natural STS
tasks. [Results] In the pre- thigh-off (TO) phase, the normalized EMG data of the TA
muscle increased significantly when the STS task was performed with hip adduction compared
with hip abduction. In the post-TO phase, the normalized EMG data of the TA muscle showed
a significant increase during the STS task with hip adduction compared with hip abduction.
Additionally, the normalized EMG data of the SOL muscle increased significantly when the
STS task was performed with hip adduction compared with hip abduction. [Conclusion]
Therefore, the STS movement with hip adduction poses a greater challenge for balance
control, indicating that certain elderly individuals would have difficulty in executing an
abrupt adjustment in their dynamic postural stability during the STS movement.Key words: Sit-to-stand, Hip adduction, Hip abduction 相似文献
16.
目的:观察膏摩结合等速训练治疗肩周炎的临床疗效。方法:将60名肩周炎患者随机分为观察组和对照组各30例,2组均采用膏摩治疗,观察组加用等速肌力训练。观察2组患者治疗前后肩关节前屈、后伸,外展角度、力矩峰值及VAS评分变化。结果:治疗3周后,2组患者肩关节前屈、后伸、外展角度及力矩峰值均较治疗前明显提高(P0.05),且观察组更优于对照组(P0.05);2组VAS评分均较治疗前明显下降(P0.05),且观察组更低于对照组(P0.05)。结论:膏摩治疗配合等速训练能够更好的减轻肩周炎患者的疼痛,增加肩关节活动度,增加肌力,并藉此改善患者上肢运动功能。 相似文献
17.
《Physiotherapy theory and practice》2013,29(7):513-520
The impact upper extremity impairments (UE) have on UE function in breast cancer survivors (BCS) is unclear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the associations between upper extremity active range of motion (AROM), passive range of motion (PROM), and strength with self-reported function in BCS. BCS (n = 24) completed the Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) and the Pennsylvania Shoulder Score (PSS). AROM and PROM of shoulder flexion, extension, external rotation (ER) at 0° and 90° of abduction, and internal rotation (IR) at 90° of abduction were measured using a digital inclinometer. Strength was measured using a hand-held dynamometer for scapular abduction and upward rotation, scapular depression and adduction, flexion, IR, ER, scaption, and horizontal adduction. All constructs of AROM, PROM, and strength were correlated with the DASH and PSS. DASH was moderately to highly correlated with 2 of 5 AROM, 2 of 5 PROM, and 6 of 7 shoulder strength measures. PSS was moderately to highly correlated with 2 of 5 AROM, 2 of 5 PROM, and 4 of 7 shoulder strength measures. Regression analysis showed that AROM explained 40% of the DASH scores and strength explained 20% of scores on the PSS. This study characterizes the impact that shoulder motion, flexibility, and strength losses have on shoulder function in BCS. Deficits in AROM and shoulder strength explained the greatest proportion of shoulder disability. Future clinical trials should consider incorporating AROM and strengthening techniques to improve shoulder use after breast cancer treatments. 相似文献
18.
[Purpose] The aim of this study was to investigate changes in electromyographic (EMG)
activity of the infraspinatus and posterior deltoid muscles during shoulder external
rotation under different shoulder flexion angles. [Subjects] Thirteen participants were
included in this study. [Methods] The participants performed isometric shoulder external
rotation at 45°, 90°, and 135° of shoulder flexion. A surface EMG system recorded the EMG
activity of the infraspinatus and posterior deltoid muscles during shoulder external
rotation. The changes in the muscle activity of infraspinatus and posterior deltoid and
ratio of infraspinatus to posterior deltoid muscle activity were analyzed using one-way
repeated-measures analysis of variance with Bonferroni’s correction. [Results] The
posterior deltoid activity was significantly decreased, while the ratio of the
infraspinatus to posterior deltoid activity was significantly increased at 45° of shoulder
flexion compared with 90° and 135° of shoulder flexion (p < 0.05). There were no
significant differences in the EMG activity of the infraspinatus among the three
conditions (p > 0.05). [Conclusion] These findings indicate that shoulder external
rotation at 45° of shoulder flexion effectively reduced the contribution of the posterior
deltoid activation to shoulder external rotation.Key words: Infraspinatus, Posterior deltoid, Shoulder external rotation 相似文献
19.
Hiroshi Ishida Saya Tajima Riyo Masuno Yoshiko Kogame Suguru Ando Katsuhiko Yokohata Susumu Watanabe 《Journal of Physical Therapy Science》2014,26(12):1919-1921
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the effects of expiration on
abdominal muscle activity during maximum trunk flexion. [Subjects] Twenty-one healthy
university students (10 men, 11 women) participated in this study. [Methods]
Electromyography (EMG) was used to quantify the activity of the right rectus abdominis,
external oblique, and internal oblique muscles. The paired t-test was used to examine the
significance of differences in the abdominal muscles between maximum trunk flexion with
breath holding and slow expiration. [Results] There was a significantly lower EMG activity
in the external oblique muscle during maximum trunk flexion with slow expiration.
[Conclusion] The results of this study indicate that slow expiration reduces external
oblique muscle activity during maximum trunk flexion performed by healthy young
subjects.Key words: Expiration, Electromyography, Abdominal muscles 相似文献
20.
[Purpose] The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of an unstable surface
on trunk and lower extremity muscle activities during various types of bridging exercises.
[Subjects] Thirty healthy female adults voluntarily participated in this study. [Methods]
All subjects were asked to perform 3 different bridging exercises (bridging exercise,
single leg lift bridging exercise, single leg cross bridging exercise) with and without an
unstable surface. The trunk and lower extremity muscle activities were measured by using
surface electromyography during bridging exercise. [Results] During the bridging exercise
(BE), single leg lift bridging exercise (LBE), and single leg cross bridging exercise
(CBE), the muscle activities of the external oblique muscle (EO), erector spinae (ES), and
biceps femoris (BF) were significantly higher on an unstable surface than on a stable
surface. The muscle activities of the EO on both sides, contralateral BF, and ipsilateral
ES were significantly higher during LBE than during BE and CBE. [Conclusion] Use of an
unstable surface increases muscle activity of the trunk and lower extremities, and single
leg lift bridging exercise increases the muscle activity of the EO on both sides,
ipsilateral ES, and contralateral BF.Key words: Bridging exercise, Electromyography, Unstable surface 相似文献