腹腔镜胆囊切除术中转开腹的原因分析

目的：分析讨论腹腔镜胆囊切除术中转开腹的原因,探讨降低中转开腹率的预防措施。方法：回顾886例LC病例,对11例LC中转开腹的临床资料进行回顾分析。结果：886例LC中,腹腔镜胆囊切除术成功率98.7%,中转开腹11例,占1.2%。其中主动中转开腹8例,被迫中转开腹3例。结论：LC的微创的优势是显而易见的,但其本身局限性也同样十分突出,果断中转开腹是LC避免损伤胆管、血管等严重并发症的有效措施之一。LC开展的早期应适当放宽中转开腹的指征,随着腹腔镜术者经验的积累和技术的提高,LC的中转开腹率也会相应降低。     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术中转开腹的原因分析

目的:分析讨论腹腔镜胆囊切除术中转开腹的原因,探讨降低中转开腹率的预防措施.方法:回顾我院2002年2月～2008年1月施行的886例LC病例,对11例LC中转开腹的临床资料进行回顾分析.结果:886例LC中,腹腔镜胆囊切除术成功率98.7%,中转开腹11例,占1.2%.其中主动中转开腹8例,被迫中转开腹3例.结论:LC的微创的优势是显而易见的,但其本身局限性也同样十分突出,果断中转开腹是LC避免损伤胆管、血管等严重并发症的有效措施之一.LC开展的早期应适当放宽中转开腹的指征,随着腹腔镜术者经验的积累和技术的提高,LC的中转开腹率也会相应降低.     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术521例体会

目的总结行腹腔镜下胆囊切除术（LC）的体会,以减少或避免LC并发症的发生。方法对521例腹腔镜胆囊切除术后疗效进行回顾分析。结果 LC成功520例,中转开腹手术1例。结论只要我们注意术中操作细节,掌握好中转开腹的时机,腹腔镜下胆囊切除术可以减少或避免LC并发症的发生。     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术中转开腹32例分析

目的：探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除术（LC）中转开腹的原因及其时机的把握。方法：对2000年5月～2008年5月872例LC中32例（3．7％）中转开腹手术进行回顾分析。结果：因胆囊区致密性粘连及出血术野不清27例,肝外胆管损伤5例,给予中转开腹处理,均痊愈出院。结论：熟悉各种解剖,规范操作,把握好中转开腹时机,及时果断地开腹是预防LC并发症的关键,熟练LC基本操作技术是提高LC手术成功率,减少并发症的重要手段。     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术中解剖变异的处理体会

目的探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除术(Laparoscopic Choleeystectomy,LC)中解剖变异的处理。方法回顾分析2000年1月～2010年12月进行的腹腔镜胆囊切除术中79例伴有解剖变异患者的临床资料。结果 72例成功LC,4例中转开腹胆囊切除术,2例开腹胆囊切除术加T管引流,1例开腹胆囊切除术加胆管吻合术。全组病人均痊愈出院。结论在LC时重视解剖变异,规范操作,腹腔镜处理合并解剖变异的胆囊疾病是安全、可行的。     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术中转开腹分析

目的 探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除术（Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy,LC）中转开腹原因及如何避免中转开腹.方法 回顾分析2006年11月～2010年11月笔者所在医院共行三孔或四孔法LC 789例中14例中转开腹患者的临床资料,探讨中转的原因.结果 本组中转率为17.7%,14例均完成相应手术,1例术后并发胆漏,均痊愈出院.结论 LC中转开腹原因有胆囊周围及Calot三角严重粘连、解剖变异、术前漏诊误诊等.严格掌握适应证,提高操作水平,可降低中转开腹率.把握中转时机可减少并发症的发生.     

腹腔镜胆囊切除即刻中转开腹的原因分析

目的分析腹腔镜胆囊切除术（LC）中转开腹的原因并探讨其防治措施。方法共进行LC手术856例,中转开腹24例（2．9％）。结果中转开腹原因：胆囊三角解剖不清11例;术中出血7例;胆管损伤2例;Mirizzi综合征1例;腹腔广泛粘连1例;怀疑胆囊癌及器械故障各1例。开腹手术均获成功,痊愈出院。结论熟悉各种解剖变异、规范操作、熟练的操作技术和术中采取预防措施是减少LC中转开腹手术的关键。     

乡镇卫生院开展腹腔镜胆囊切除术中转开腹的临床分析

目的探讨乡镇卫生院开展腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)中转开腹手术的原因、时机和处理原则。方法回顾分析我院腹腔镜胆囊切除术中转开腹51例的临床资料。结果本组腹腔镜胆囊切除术中转开腹51例,胆管损伤4例、腹腔内出血8例、解剖变异4例、胆汁漏4例、(急性胆囊炎、慢性萎缩性胆囊炎及Mirzizzi综合征等原因)致Calot’s三角粘连22例、胆囊管残端及胆总管结石3例、胆囊癌及合并病变4例、胃肠道损伤2例。中转开腹手术的原因主要包括胆囊三角区粘连、出血、胆道损伤、胆管血管变异以及Mirrize综合征等原因,其中所占比例最大为胆囊三角区粘连,为56.86%。结论及时发现、诊断和适时中转开腹,是降低LC手术能出现较严重并发症的有效措施。     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)并发症的预防和处理分析

目的探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除术后并发症的预防和处理。方法对2000例腹腔镜胆囊切除术(Laparoscopic cholecystectomy,LC)患者进行回顾性分析,总结并发症的原因,预防和处理。结果1987例顺利完成LC,术后无并发症者于术后2～5d痊愈出院。术中转开腹11例,其中因技术性原因而选择性中转开腹9例,术中意外损伤胆总管及出血被迫中转开腹2例。术后并发胆漏1例,行再次开腹手术。胆总管残余结石1例。结论开展LC已取得了满意的疗效。     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术中转开腹41例手术治疗体会

目的:探讨基层医院腹腔镜胆囊切除术(Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy,LC)中转开腹的原因及中转开腹的时机,同时积极探讨预防措施.方法:回顾分析2007年8月至2011年10月我院施行的1092例LC中41例患者中转开腹的临床资料.结果:LC中转开腹率3.75％,胆囊萎缩和(或)胆囊三角解剖不清17例,腹腔和(或)胆囊周围粘连包裹13例,共主动中转30例,占73.18％;胆囊动脉出血3例,可疑胆总管结石5例,胆管损伤2例,胆囊癌1例,被动中转11例,占26.82％.结论:基层医院医生在提高术前诊断水平基础上严格把握LC手术适应症,严格操作规范基础上做好术中并发症处理,可减少中转开腹手术;正确把握LC中转开腹的时机,减少并发症是保证患者安全和提高手术质量的关键.     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术转开腹手术22例原因分析

目的分析腹腔镜胆囊切除术中转开腹的原因,探讨安全降低LC中转开腹率的措施。方法对2008年01月至2014年01月收治的512例接受LC患者中中转开腹手术22例的临床资料、中转开腹原因进行回顾性分析。结果中转开腹的原因为：胆囊三角及周围致密纤维化或炎症明显,解剖关系不清11例;胆囊动脉及分支、胆囊床出血难止6例;胆道损伤1例;腹腔粘连,无法建立气腹1例;胆囊严重萎缩1例;Mirizzi综合征1例;膈肌损伤1例。结论严格掌握腹腔镜手术指征,正确解剖胆囊三角和减少胆囊动脉出血,可以降低中转开腹手术率。     

Situations of conversion during laparoscopic cholecystectomy: series of 300 cholecystectomies

Laparoscopy is the "gold standard" for cholecystectomy, wherever it can happen that the surgeon must converse to laparotomy. The authors report 300 cases of laparoscopic cholecystectomy; the conversion rate was 9%; for cholecystitis (19%), cystic hemorrhage (3.7%) common bile duct (7.4%) and failure of material (11%). It resort from that study that laparoscopic cholecystectomy is safe, wherever it keeps some limits and conversion still remains a security and don't be assimilated to a failure.     

急性胆囊炎行腹腔镜胆囊切除术引起中转开腹的危险因素分析

目的：探讨急性胆囊炎患者行腹腔镜胆囊切除术后引发中转开腹的临床发病因素。方法：采集本院收治的需进行腹腔镜胆囊切除术的急性胆囊炎患者共120例,按发病时间分为三组。均实施相同手术方法,观察手术后需进行中转开腹的发病率。结果：三组手术时间、并发症等比较差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。患者救治时间对引发中转开腹有着直接的影响（P〈0.05）。同时患者的体温、胆囊壁厚度、胆囊有无肿大,以及白细胞计数等均对中转开腹率有着直接的影响（P〈0.05）。结论：对于急性胆囊炎患者在出现症状后72 h内为进行腹腔镜手术的最好治疗时机,同时体温及白细胞计数等因素与引发中转开腹存在明显的相关性。     

有胆囊切除史的腹腔镜胆总管切开取石术

目的　探讨有胆囊切除术史的腹腔镜胆总管切开取石术的可行性。方法　回顾分析 1 2例有胆囊切除史的腹腔镜胆总管切开取石术 ,其中伴开腹胆囊切除术 7例 ,腹腔镜胆囊切除术 3例 ,开腹胆囊切除术加胆总管切开取石术 2例。取同期无腹部手术史的腹腔镜胆总管切开取石术 36例作对照比较 ,所得数据选用t检验。结果　全部手术成功 ,无中转开腹 ,无术后并发症。有胆囊切除术史组手术时间较长 ,术中出血 ,术后住院时间两组类似。结论　胆囊切除术后的腹腔镜胆总管切开取石术可行 ,值得进一步探索     

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy in The Netherlands: early national results]

The results of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in 58 of the 66 hospitals in which surgeons introduced this method after attending a practical course are evaluated. Data of 546 patients were collected. The indication for laparoscopic surgery was symptomatic gallstone disease without evidence of common bile duct stones, cholecystitis or previous upper abdominal surgery. In 70% of the 58 hospitals fewer than 10 laparoscopic cholecystectomies were performed nine months after the first practical course because of shortage of equipment. The mean age was 50 years (range 20-80) with a male:female ratio of 1:4. The average operation time was 95 minutes. In 8.2% of the patients the laparoscopic procedure was converted to laparotomy. Adhesions, cholecystitis or difficulty in recognition of the anatomy was responsible for the conversion in 31 of the 45 patients. In the remaining 14 patients bleeding or bile leakage during the procedure compelled the surgeon to perform a laparotomy. One patient died because of bleeding from the cystic artery. Eleven patients underwent laparotomy postoperatively because of bleeding (3), bile leakage (6) and lesion of the ductus choledochus (2). Minor complications occurred in 30 patients. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is expanding rapidly in the Netherlands. The early results are encouraging, although the experience is limited. Further registration is necessary to be able to compare the results of laparoscopic cholecystectomy more critically with those of conventional cholecystectomy.     

Infection and antimicrobial use in laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Retrospective chart review of 1,702 patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) revealed an overall infection rate of 2.3% and a surgical-site infection rate of 0.4%. Preoperative antimicrobial prophylaxis was received by 79% of patients, but only 33% of these received the agent within 1 hour or less prior to surgery. These facts suggest that antimicrobial prophylaxis may not be necessary for low-risk LC patients.     

妇科腹腔镜手术中转开腹的原因及预防

目的 探讨妇科腹腔镜手术中转开腹的原因及其预防措施.方法 回顾性分析1143例妇科腹腔镜手术中36例中转开腹患者的临床资料.结果 中转开腹率为3.15%.中转开腹的主要原因:盆腹腔粘连23例(63.89%)、术中操作困难或并发症8例(22.22%)、恶性肿瘤3例(8.33%).有下腹部手术史和开展腹腔镜手术初期中转开腹率较高.结论 妇科腹腔镜手术中转开腹的最主要原因为盆腹腔粘连.加强术前对患者病情的评估、提高手术操作技巧可以降低腹腔镜手术中转开腹率.     

Impact of the case payment reimbursement method on the utilization and costs of laparoscopic cholecystectomy

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between adoption of case payment for laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) and the growth rate of LC, outcomes of patients undergoing LC, and total healthcare expenditures on cholecystectomy.We used the claims data from Bureau of National Health Insurance (BNHI) to identify patients who underwent LC and open cholecystectomy (OC). Data were available from January 1996 to October 1997 and from January 1998 to October 1999, enabling use to compare data from before and after the introduction of the new case payment system.Results showed that the volume and the proportion of LCs increased after adoption of the new payment method. We did not find a sharp increase in the cholecystectomy rate during the study period. In terms of outcomes, the admission rate for emergencies decreased; the surgery mortality rate decreased, but the readmission rate increased. The average cost and length of hospital stay for LC subjects decreased; however, the total cost of cholecystectomy increased.The impact on LC of the introduction of a case payment method failed to reduce total health expenditures for cholecystectomy.