前列腺素E1联合血必净注射液对Ⅳ期糖尿病肾病患者尿蛋白及炎性因子的影响

目的 观察并探讨前列腺素E1(PGE1)注射液联合血必净注射液对Ⅳ期糖尿病肾病(DN)患者尿蛋白及炎性因子的影响.方法 将2013年1月至2015年6月入选的132例Ⅳ期DN患者分为观察组(67例)和对照组(65例),两组均予基础治疗,对照组加用血必净注射液,观察组在对照组基础上加用PGE1注射液,疗程均为14 d,比较治疗前后两组肾功能、尿蛋白及炎性因子变化情况.结果 治疗后,两组血清尿素氮(BUN)、血清肌酐(Scr)、24 h尿微量总蛋白(24 h Upro)、24 h尿微量清蛋白(24 h mAlb)、微量尿蛋白排泄率(UAER)均较治疗前显著下降(P＜0.05);观察组治疗后BUN、24 h Upro、24 h mAlb、24 hUAER数值显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).两组治疗后肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白介素-6(IL-6)、C反应蛋白(CRP)水平均较治疗前明显下降(P＜0.05),超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)明显上升(P＜0.05);观察组治疗后TNF-α、IL-6、CRP数值均明显低于对照组(P＜0.05),SOD明显高于对照组(P＜0.05).观察组、对照组治疗期间药物不良反应比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 PGE1联合血必净注射液治疗Ⅳ期DN可有效减轻肾脏炎症反应、减少尿蛋白、改善肾功能.     

缬沙坦联合黄芪注射液治疗糖尿病肾病疗效观察

目的 观察缬沙坦联合黄芪注射液治疗糖尿病肾病(DN)的临床疗效.方法 80例DN患者随即分为治疗组和对照组,治疗组在传统的降糖降压治疗的基础上加用缬沙坦,黄芪注射液,连用6周,观察治疗前后空腹血糖(FPG)、糖化血红蛋白(GHbA1c)、24h尿蛋白、尿素氮(BUN)、血肌酐(Cr)指标变化.结果 治疗组治疗后24h尿蛋白、BUN、Cr与对照组比较,明显下降(P<0.01);治疗组与对照组总有效率分别为90.10%、60.0%,两组总有效率比较差异有显著性(P<0.01).结论 缬沙坦合剂联合黄民注射液治疗DN疗效好.     

缬沙坦联合黄芪注射液对糖尿病肾病的疗效观察

目的 观察缬沙坦联合黄芪注射液对糖尿病肾病(DN)的疗效.方法 将73例DN患者随机分为治疗组38例和对照组35例.两组均采用糖尿病常规治疗,治疗组加用缬沙坦和黄芪注射液治疗,疗程2周.结果 治疗组血液流变学各项指标较治疗前显著下降(P＜0.05或P＜0.01);24h尿蛋白定量、血肌酐(SCr)、尿素氮(BUN)和血脂均明显下降(P＜0.05或P＜0.01),且明显优于对照组(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).结论 缬沙坦和黄芪注射液联用能改善DN患者的血液流变性,减少尿蛋白的排出,减轻肾损害,改善肾功能.     

缬沙坦联合低分子肝素治疗早期糖尿病肾病的疗效分析

目的探讨缬沙坦联合低分子肝素治疗糖尿病肾病(DN)的疗效.方法将早期DN患者65例随机分成实验组(缬沙坦联合低分子肝素)35例,对照组(缬沙坦)30例,观察1个月,测定治疗前后空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、HbA1C、平均动脉压、血肌酐及24 h尿蛋白定量.结果治疗后两组24 h尿蛋白均较治疗前有显著下降(P＜0.01),实验组较对照组降低明显(P＜0.05);治疗后两组平均动脉压均较治疗前有显著下降(P＜0.05);治疗前、后两组患者的空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、HbA1C、血肌酐无显著变化(P＞0.05).结论缬沙坦联合低分子肝素能显著降低早期DN患者24h尿蛋白,具有保护肾功能的作用.     

苯那普利治疗糖尿病肾病疗效观察

目的观察苯那普利对糖尿病的治疗效果.方法A组:13例肾功能正常的糖尿病肾病(DN).B组:血肌酐(SCr)(110～354)μmol/L的DN10例.2组均给苯那普利5～20mg/d治疗3月,观察血压、尿素氮(BUN)、SCr的变化.结果两组治疗后尿蛋白均有显著变化(P＜0.01).A组BUN、SCr稍下降,但无统计学意义(P＞0.05);B组BUN和SCr均显著下降(P＜0.05).结论苯那普利对DN有明显降低血压和尿蛋白,保护肾功能,延缓肾功能损害进展的作用.     

丹参冻干粉治疗早期糖尿病肾病临床观察

目的 观察丹参冻干粉针剂治疗早期糖尿病肾病(DN)的疗效.方法 选择早期DN患者60例,随机分治疗组30例及对照组30例.两组均采用西药控制血糖、血压,治疗组在上述治疗基础上加用丹参冻干粉针剂400mg,胰岛素4U,加入5%葡萄糖液250ml,每日1次静脉滴注.结果 治疗组治疗后总有效率96.6%;对照组治疗后总有效率70.0%.两组疗效比较有显著性差异(P<0.01).治疗组治疗后的肾功能指标以及24h尿蛋白定量均较治疗前明显下降,且明显优于对照组(P<0.05).结论 丹参冻干粉治疗早期糖尿病肾病效果显著,能明显改善早期DN患者的肾功能,减少尿蛋白排出,未见明显不良反应.     

前列腺素 E1 联合金水宝胶囊治疗早期糖尿病肾病的疗效观察简

目的 观察前列腺素E1联合金水宝胶囊治疗糖尿病肾病早期的疗效观察.方法 将40例糖尿病肾病患者随机分为应用前列腺素E1组（对照组）和应用前列腺素E1联合金水宝胶囊组（治疗组）,每组各20例,分别检测两组患者治疗前后24 h尿蛋白排泄率、血肌酐、尿素氮.结果两组患者治疗前24 h尿微量白蛋白排泄率、尿素氮和血肌酐均无显著性差异（P＞0.05）.治疗后,两组患者24 h尿微量白蛋白排泄率、血肌酐较治疗前均显著降低（P＜0.01）,且治疗组显著低于对照组（P＜0.05）,而两组尿素氮均无显著性变化（P＞0.05）.结论 前列腺素E1联合金水宝胶囊能更有效地降低糖尿病肾病患者24 h尿蛋白排泄率以及血肌酐.     

百令胶囊联合贝那普利治疗早期糖尿病肾病临床观察

目的 观察百令胶囊联合贝那普利治疗早期糖尿病肾病的临床疗效.方法 随机将80例糖尿病肾病患者分为对照组和观察组,各40例.2组患者均给予糖尿病常规治疗,对照组在常规治疗的基础上给予贝那普利治疗,观察组在给予贝那普利治疗的同时给予百令颗粒治疗.1 2周后检测2组患者SCr、BUN、24h尿蛋白含量变化,进行疗效评价.结果 治疗12周后,与对照组比较,观察组患者SCr、BUN显著降低(P＜0 05),24 h尿蛋白含量显著下降(P＜0.01);观察组总有效率为90.0％,显著高于对照组的总有效率62.5％(P＜0.01).结论 百令胶囊联合贝那普利治疗早期耱尿病肾病临床疗效确切.     

胰激肽原酶与依那普利联合治疗临床糖尿病肾病疗效分析

目的 观察胰激肽原酶和依那普利联合治疗临床糖尿病肾病(DN)的疗效及安全性.方法 将48例临床DN患者随机分为治疗组(胰激肽原酶+依那普利)和对照组(依那普利).比较治疗前及治疗后2月24 h尿蛋白、尿白蛋白排泄率(UAER)、血清肌酐(Scr)、尿素氮(BUN)及血液流变学等指标的变化.结果 治疗后,两组24 h尿蛋白、UAER均显著下降(P<0.01),治疗组比对照组下降更为明显(P<0.05).治疗组红细胞聚集指数、全血高切粘度、全血低切粘度、血浆比粘度较治疗前有显著下降(P<0.05),对照组下降不明显(P>0.05).两组BUN、Scr、平均动脉压(MAP)、空腹血糖(FPG)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)无明显变化(P>0.05).结论 胰激肽原酶及依那普利联合治疗能更有效地减少临床糖尿病肾病患者的蛋白尿,降低血粘度,改善肾功能.     

血清IGF-2及IGFBP-2与糖尿病肾病进展指标的相关性

目的 IGF-2及IGFBP-2与糖尿病肾病进展相关指标的相关性.方法 选择糖尿病患者126例,分为单纯糖尿病组(A组)、微量蛋白尿组(B组)、大量蛋白尿组(C组),分别有52例、41例、33例.对各组肾功能及尿蛋白、IGF-2、IGFBP-2水平进行测定.结果 B组Cys C、BUN、24h尿蛋白较A组差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),C组Cys C、BUN、Cr、24 h尿蛋白较A、B组差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).B组IGF-2、IGFBP-2较A组差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),C组IGF-2、IGFBP-2较A、B组差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).IGF-2与Cys C、24h尿蛋白呈正相关(P＜0.05),IGFBP-2与Cys C、BUN、24 h尿蛋白呈正相关(P＜0.05).结论 随着糖尿病肾病的进展,IGF-2及IGFBP-2水平与肾功能密切相关,是反映糖尿病肾病进展的重要因子.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Electro-Acupuncture Combined with the Trigger Point Needle-Embedding for Treatment of Primary Trigeminal Neuralgia in 31 Cases

In recent years, the author of this essay has applied electro-acupuncture combined with the trigger point needle-embedding for treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia in 31 cases, yielding satis- factory results as reported in the following.     

Investigation of Matrix Metalloproteinase -1, 2 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 in Endometriosis

Objective： To explore the role of matrix metalloproteinase-1,2 （MMP-1, MMP-2） and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 （TIMP-1） in endometriosis. Methods： The eutopic and ectopic endometria from 40 subjects suffering from endometriosis and regular.endometria from 40 subjects （excluding endometriosis） were collected and examined by in situ hybridization technology and western blot assay. Results： Both expressions of MMP-1 and -2 were stronger in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium than in normal endometrium. On the contrary, the expression of TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium was lower. The differences were significant （P 〈 0.01 ）. Moreover, there was no relationship among the expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium. Conclusion： The expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 lose balance and lack of periodic changes in ectopic endometrium , which explains the biological invasive behavior of endometriosis. It was suggested-that regulating the balance between the MMPs and TIMP-1 should be an ideal therapeutic target to endometriosis.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.