新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情下骨科手术防护策略

新型冠状病毒肺炎(novel coronavirus pneumonia, NCP)是一种新型呼吸道传染病,自2019年12月在我国湖北省武汉市相继发现多例NCP患者以来,NCP已蔓延至全国。感染患者数量逐渐增加,随着疫情的发展,患病人数还会不断增加。这些特殊人群发生骨科疾病需要骨科手术治疗的可能性也与日俱增,避免新型冠状病毒肺炎患者骨科手术时的交叉感染是一项重要的防护工作。因此,如何做好新冠肺炎患者骨科手术治疗防止交叉感染也成为了当务之急,本文基于本院抗疫一线医务工作者的防护救治经验,结合国家卫健委出台的关于新型冠状病毒肺炎防控诊治指南规范,介绍骨科手术时医务人员要采取的防护措施和防控策略。     

泌尿外科诊疗工作中防控新型冠状病毒肺炎的建议

2019年12月武汉陆续出现新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)疫情并蔓延至全球多个国家和地区。为更好地增强泌尿外科医护人员防控工作的针对性和有效性,我们结合本专业临床诊疗工作特点及疫区防控措施和经验,起草了泌尿外科诊疗工作中防控新型冠状病毒肺炎的建议,以供泌尿外科医护人员参考。     

新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间实施乳腺癌手术管理流程策略调整探讨

目的探讨新型冠状病毒肺炎(novel coronavirus pneumonia,NCP)疫情期间实施乳腺癌手术管理流程策略调整,总结经验。方法依据《新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎诊疗方案(试行第五版)》《绵阳市中心医院新型冠状病毒感染疫情防控期间手术工作制度(第二版)》等,绵阳市中心医院乳腺外科制定了疫情期间乳腺癌手术管理流程调整策略和方案。结果于2020年1月25日至2020年2月11日期间笔者所在医院施行乳腺癌手术8例,均为女性,平均年龄45岁。其中5例行乳腺癌改良根治术,2例行保乳手术+前哨淋巴结活检术,1例行保乳手术+腋窝淋巴结清扫术。8例患者均经空心针穿刺活检诊断为乳腺浸润性导管癌,患者术后均顺利恢复,未出现并发症,按计划出院,无患者及医务人员出现新型冠状病毒感染。结论 NCP疫情时期,通过调整手术管理流程策略,可以进行乳腺癌手术,并可有效防控疫情。     

新型冠状病毒疫情期间骨科患者手术器械消毒灭菌与管理的流程与策略

2019年12月以来,新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)已在世界多地暴发。虽然疫情在我国得到控制,随着复工复产的逐步深入,部分COVID-19患者治愈后"复阳",特别是近1个月以来,境外输入病例逐渐增多,因此疫情防控形势仍然严峻,医疗机构在未来一段时间内仍面临巨大压力。基于2016版《医院消毒供应中心清洗消毒及灭菌技术操作规范》、2012版《医疗机构消毒技术规范》、《新型冠状病毒肺炎防控方案(第五版)》及《新型冠状病毒肺炎诊疗方案(试行第六版)》等相关标准,河北医科大学第三医院消毒供应中心制定本科室"新型冠状病毒(2019-nCoV)感染复用器械处理流程、2019-nCoV感染器械回收流程、2019-nCoV感染器械转运车处理流程"等应急预案。为疫情防控期间消毒供应中心(CSSD)各项防控管理措施提供参考。     

新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情防控期间泌尿系统外伤的处置经验

在新型冠状病毒肺炎(Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia,NCP)疫情防控期间,空军军医大学唐都医院泌尿外科收治了2例泌尿系统创伤患者(尿道外伤和睾丸外伤各1例),现将疫情防护下的处置过程报告如下。1病例报告病例1,男,42岁,因“外伤后导致排尿困难,尿道口溢血4 h”来院急诊,首先在急诊分诊测体温、询问接触史、地区史和呼吸道症状确定为非疑似病例后,由急诊科医师接诊,行病情评估。患者系因从树干跌落骑跨至栏杆导致排尿困难,尿道口溢血。行血液系统、咽拭子新型冠状病毒核酸检查、胸部CT检查后泌尿外科会诊医师按照二级防护检查患者。     

《新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情下泌尿外科急症的诊疗意见》解读

我国新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情控制良好,虽然疫苗屏障逐步建立,但各地仍不断出现本土无症状感染者和输入型病例,防控工作不能掉以轻心.泌尿外科急诊患者多为老年人,常伴有机体免疫功能减退等,新型冠状病毒肺炎感染的风险相对增加.本文对《新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情下泌尿外科急症的诊疗意见》进行解读,并结合目前疫情的新形势,进一步提出符合当前...     

新型冠状病毒肺炎期间前列腺癌患者管理的思考

在目前国内新型冠状病毒肺炎(简称新冠肺炎,NCP或COVID-19)疫情已得到有效控制,而国外多地仍在肆虐的形势下。如何更好地服务PCa患者的同时减少其及家属的感染,如何调整和优化院内就医流程、科学有序地开展临床工作、降低疫情带来的不良影响,成为泌尿外科医师面临的一项紧要问题。本文重点从有效指导PCa患者就医、应急管理、诊疗流程、合理随访、降低传染风险等方面,为抗击新冠肺炎,改善其诊疗流程及预后提供参考。     

中华医学会肾脏病学分会关于血液净化中心(室)新型冠状病毒感染的防控建议

鉴于目前覆盖全国的新型冠状病毒感染疫情,血液净化中心(室)人群相对密集、透析患者及陪同人员流动性大等情况,为有效预防透析患者、陪同人员及工作人员感染新型冠状病毒,保障透析治疗的顺利进行,避免疾病在血液净化中心发生和传播,中华医学会肾脏病学分会根据目前最新新型冠状病毒国家管理方案和国内外相关资料,结合血液净化标准操作规程(SOP)及临床实际操作,制定了关于血液净化中心(室)新型冠状病毒感染的防控建议,为全国血液净化中心在这一特殊时期的工作提供临床实践指导。     

新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间肝移植病房管理单中心经验

自2019年12月发生的新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)影响范围广、感染人数多,在对社会生活造成严重影响的同时,也给医院器官移植病房的管理带来了巨大挑战。肝移植受者术后免疫力低下,新型冠状病毒(2019-nCoV)易感性可能较普通人群更高。因此,肝移植病房的管理具有其特殊性。COVID-19疫情期间,青岛大学附属医院肝脏移植科医护人员通过学习国家卫生健康委员会发布的COVID-19防控和诊疗方案以及相关指南,加强医护人员自身防护,制订适应疫情形势的住院患者管理流程,完善患者及其家属COVID-19相关知识宣教,建立并优化肝移植病房管理方案。期望通过特殊时期肝移植病房的有效管理,在予肝移植受者科学治疗的同时,有效避免2019-nCoV感染。     

围术期新型冠状病毒肺炎患者感染防控相关建议解读

由2019新型冠状病毒(2019-nCoV)引起的新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)是一种传染性极强的感染性疾病。多数新型冠状病毒肺炎患者症状较轻,表现为发热、乏力和干咳等症状,但重症患者可迅速发展为急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)、感染性休克、严重的酸中毒和凝血功能紊乱。此类重症患者往往需要行气管插管和机械通气,且部分非重症患者也可能因急诊手术需行全身麻醉。2019-nCoV可通过飞沫、接触和气溶胶等途径在人与人之间进行传播。而气道管理过程中,医务人员可能接触病毒载量很高的呼吸道飞沫和气溶胶,所以具有极高的职业暴露风险。加强围术期医护人员和手术室的感染防控对于预防院内聚集性感染非常重要。中华医学会麻醉学分会和中国医师协会麻醉学医师分会先后制定了《新型冠状病毒肺炎危重型患者气管插管术的专家建议(1.0版)》和《新型冠状病毒肺炎患者围术期麻醉工作指导及感染防控建议》,对围术期和围插管期的感染防控提出了原则性的指导。本文结合这两个建议,以及《新型冠状病毒肺炎防控指南(第五版)》和《普通物体表面消毒剂的卫生要求》,对围术期新型冠状病毒肺炎患者感染防控提出详细的操作性建议,供基层医务人员参考。     

Optimize the management of urological tube-related emergencies during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic

BackgroundTo introduce and determine the value of optimized strategies for the management of urological tube-related emergencies with increased incidence, complexity and operational risk during the global spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).MethodsAll emergent urological patients at Tongji Hospital, Wuhan, during the period of January 23 (the beginning of lockdown in Wuhan) to March 23, 2020, and the corresponding period in 2019 were recruited to form this study’s COVID-19 group and control group, respectively. Tongji Hospital has the most concentrated and strongest Chinese medical teams to treat the largest number of severe COVID-19 patients. Patients in the control group were routinely treated, while patients in the COVID-19 group were managed following the optimized principles and strategies. The case incidence for each type of tube-related emergency was recorded. Baseline characteristics and management outcomes (surgery time, secondary complex operation rate, readmission rate, COVID-19 infection rate) were analyzed and compared across the control and COVID-19 periods.ResultsThe total emergent urological patients during the COVID-19 period was 42, whereas during the control period, it was 124. The incidence of tube-related emergencies increased from 53% to 88% (P<0.001) during the COVID-19 period. In particular, the incidence of nephrostomy tube-related (31% vs. 15%, P=0.027) and single-J stent-related problems (19% vs. 6%, P=0.009) increased significantly. The mean surgery times across the two periods were comparable. The number of secondary complex operations increased from 12 (18%) to 14 (38%) (P=0.028) during the COVID 19-period. The number of 2-week postoperative readmission decreased from 10 (15%) to 1 (3%) (P=0.049). No participants contracted during the COVID-19 period.ConclusionsUrological tube-related emergencies have been found to have a higher incidence and require more complicated and dangerous operations during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the optimized management strategies introduced in this study are efficient, and safe for both urologists and patients.     

Technology-based management of neurourology patients in the COVID-19 pandemic: Is this the future? A report from the International Continence Society (ICS) institute

Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic significantly altered our daily life as well as our professional practice. COVID-19 has disrupted our lives both professionally and personally. We know the urological management in a neurogenic patient needs to be tailored to the individual circumstances, this is even more pertinent during these uncertain times. International Continence Society is the premier international organization in functional urology. Lately, it has established an institute to facilitate teaching and training opportunities all over the world. The School of Neurourology teamed with the School of Modern Technology and set up a Webinar—“How to manage the neuro-urological patients in the current pandemic.” This was set up as a case-based discussion to deliberate the management of our patients in the present climate and examine the role of modern technology in overcoming the current barriers.     

Initial Effects of COVID-19 on Patients with ESKD

BackgroundReports from around the world have indicated a fatality rate of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the range of 20%–30% among patients with ESKD. Population-level effects of COVID-19 on patients with ESKD in the United States are uncertain.MethodsWe identified patients with ESKD from Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services data during epidemiologic weeks 3–27 of 2017–2020 and corresponding weeks of 2017–2019, stratifying them by kidney replacement therapy. Outcomes comprised hospitalization for COVID-19, all-cause death, and hospitalization for reasons other than COVID-19. We estimated adjusted relative rates (ARRs) of death and non–COVID-19 hospitalization during epidemiologic weeks 13–27 of 2020 (March 22 to July 4) versus corresponding weeks in 2017–2019.ResultsAmong patients on dialysis, the rate of COVID-19 hospitalization peaked between March 22 and April 25 2020. Non-Hispanic Black race and Hispanic ethnicity associated with higher rates of COVID-19 hospitalization, whereas peritoneal dialysis was associated with lower rates. During weeks 13–27, ARRs of death in 2020 versus 2017–2019 were 1.17 (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.16 to 1.19) and 1.30 (95% CI, 1.24 to 1.36) among patients undergoing dialysis or with a functioning transplant, respectively. Excess mortality was higher among non-Hispanic Black, Hispanic, and Asian patients. Among patients on dialysis, the rate of non–COVID-19 hospitalization during weeks 13–27 in 2020 was 17% lower versus hospitalization rates for corresponding weeks in 2017–2019.ConclusionsDuring the first half of 2020, the clinical outcomes of patients with ESKD were greatly affected by COVID-19, and racial and ethnic disparities were apparent. These findings should be considered in prioritizing administration of COVID-19 vaccination.     

新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间骨质疏松性骨折诊疗流程与方案建议

新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)的主要特点是潜伏期长、传染性强、隐蔽性大,目前已知呼吸道飞沫和密切接触为主要传播途径。目前累计感染人数众多,并已有3000余名医护人员被感染。骨质疏松骨折患者就医是刚需,诊疗过程中加强防护意识和防护措施、详细询问病史及流行病史、严格诊疗流程对于防止COVID-19交叉感染或聚集性感染至关重要。     

Experience and suggestion of medical practices for burns during the outbreak of COVID-19

COVID-19 is spreading almost all over the world at present, which is caused by the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). It was an epidemic firstly in Hubei province of China. The Chinese government has formally set COVID-19 in the statutory notification and control system for infectious diseases according to the Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Prevention and Treatment of Infectious Diseases. China currently is still struggling to respond to COVID-19 though intensive actions with progress made. The Burn Department of our hospital is one of sections with the highest infectious risk of COVID-19. Based on our own experience and the guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 (7th Version) with other regulations and literature, we describe our experience with suggestions for medical practices for burn units during the COVID-19 outbreak. We hope these experiences and suggestions benefit our international colleagues during the pandemic of the COVID-19.     

Evaluación de la teleconsulta en el paciente urológico durante la pandemia COVID-19

IntroductionThe global pandemic of COVID-19 has led to rapid implementation of telemedicine, but there is little information on patient satisfaction of this system as an alternative to face-to-face care.ObjectiveTo evaluate urological patient satisfaction with teleconsultation during the COVID-19 pandemic.Material and methodsObservational, prospective, cross-sectional, non-interventional study carried out by telephone survey during the period considered as the peak of the pandemic (March-April 2020). A quality survey composed of 11 questions on urological care provided by physicians during the COVID-19 pandemic was conducted, selecting a representative sample of patients attended by teleconsultation.ResultsTwo hundred patients were contacted by telephone to answer a survey on the quality of teleconsultation. The distribution of patients surveyed among the specialized consultations was homogeneous with the number of consultations cited in the period; 18% of them required assistance from family members. Sixty percent of patients avoided going to a medical center during the pandemic. Of the surveyed patients, 42% had cancelled diagnostic tests, 59% had cancelled medical consultations, 3.5% had cancelled treatments and 1% had cancelled interventions. Ten percent reported a worsening of urological symptoms during confinement. According to physicians, consultations were effectively delivered in 72% of cases, with teleconsultation being carried out by their usual urologist in 81%. Teleconsultation overall satisfaction level was 9 (IQI 8-10), and 61.5% of respondents consider teleconsultation as a «health care option» after the healthcare crisis.ConclusionTeleconsultation has been evaluated with a high level of satisfaction during the COVID-19 pandemic, offering continuous care to urological patients during the healthcare crisis. The perceived quality offers a field of optional telematic assistance in selected patients, which should be re-evaluated in a period without confinement measures.     

Hip fracture care during the 2020 COVID-19 first-wave: a review of the outcomes of hip fracture patients at a Scottish Major Trauma Centre

Background and Purpose of the StudyThis study reviewed whether the response to the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic affected the care for hip fracture patients at a major trauma centre in Scotland during the first-wave lock-down period.MethodsAll patients referred to Orthopaedics with a hip fracture in a major trauma centre in Scotland were captured between 14 th March and 28 th May (11 weeks) in 2020 and 2019. Patients were identified using electronic patient records. The primary outcomes are time to theatre, length of admission and 30-day mortality. Secondary outcomes are COVID-19 prevalence, duration of surgery, proportion of patients to theatre within 36 hours and COVID-19 positive 30-day mortality from time of surgery. 225 patients were included: 108 from 2019 and 117 from 2020.The main findings30-day mortality was 3.7% (n=4) in 2019 and 8.5% (n=10) in 2020 (p=0.142). There was no statistical difference with time to theatre (p=0.150) nor duration of theatre (p=0.450). Duration of admission was reduced from 12 days to 6.5 days (p=<0.005). 4 patients tested positive for COVID-19 during admission, one 5 days after discharge, all underwent surgical management. 30-day mortality for COVID-19 positive patients during admission was 40%. COVID-19 prevalence of patients that were tested (n=89) was 5.62%.ConclusionsThis study has shown the care of hip fracture patients has been maintained during the COVID-19 pandemic. There is no statistically significant change in mortality, time to theatre, and duration of surgery, however, the patient’s admission duration was significantly less than the 2019 cohort.