经尿道前列腺电切术后发生尿道狭窄及尿失禁的危险因素分析

目的:探讨预测经尿道前列腺电切术(TURP)后发生尿道狭窄及尿失禁的危险因素。方法:回顾性研究2018年10月至2022年10月收治的261例因良性前列腺增生(BPH)而接受TURP并具有至少6个月的完整术后随访数据的患者资料,按照术后是否存在尿道狭窄和尿失禁将患者分为尿道狭窄组(n=18)和非尿道狭窄组(n=243)、尿失禁组(n=12)和非尿失禁组(n=249),对比两组患者的年龄、病程、高血压、糖尿病、国际前列腺症状评分(IPSS)、前列腺体积、最大尿流率、术前是否尿潴留、总前列腺特异性抗原水平、术前是否留置尿管状态、术前是否合并尿道感染、手术时间、术后留置尿管时间、术后尿管牵引时间等,采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归性分析来筛选独立的预测因素。结果:TURP术后尿道狭窄和尿失禁发生率分别是6.9%和4.6%;多因素logistic回归分析发现,合并糖尿病(OR=9.526,95%CI:2.824～32.127,P<0.01),术前合并尿道感染(OR=6.500,95%CI:1.513～27.925,P=0.012),术后留置尿管时间(OR=2.063,95%CI:1...     

经尿道前列腺电切术后初次拔管失败原因及危险因素分析

目的:分析经尿道前列腺电切(TURP)术后患者初次拔管失败原因及相关危险因素。方法:搜集2015年6月至2018年5月行TURP 285例BPH患者临床资料,按初次拔管后排尿情况分为拔管成功组和拔管失败组,分析可能影响拔管失败的危险因素。结果:285例患者中,拔管成功组246例,拔管失败组39例。拔管失败组中15例拔管后即刻出现排尿困难,13例拔管后出现严重尿路刺激症状,7例拔管1个月内出现大量肉眼血尿,4例出现尿管拔除后1个月仍有尿失禁。将两组有统计学差异的指标进行Logistics多因素分析,结果显示IPSS评分(OR=5.106,P=0.013)、术前有无合并尿路感染(OR=3.835,P=0.041),前列腺体积(OR=4.160,P=0.011)、导尿管牵拉时间(OR=4.051,P=0.017)是初次拔管失败的独立危险因子。结论:TURP术后拔管失败的常见原因有术后早期尿潴留、术后尿路感染、术后继发性出血及尿失禁。     

膀胱内前列腺突入度对BPH患者TURP手术效果的预测评估作用

目的探讨超声测定膀胱内前列腺突入度(IPP)对前列腺增生(BPH)患者行前列腺电切(TURP)手术效果的预测评估作用。方法 136例患者因BPH入院行TURP,经腹超声测量IPP,根据IPP程度将患者分为突入组(IPP10mm)66例,对照组(IPP≤10mm)70例,比较2组术前前列腺体积(PV)、前列腺特异性抗原(PSA)差异,统计、分析2组术前和TURP术后6个月国际前列腺症状评分(IPSS)、生活质量评分(Qo L)、最大尿流率(Qmax)、残余尿量(PVR)变化;多因素分析IPP与手术效果的相关性。结果两组年龄、术前IPSS、Qo L相比无差异(P0.05),但突入组PV、PSA、Qmax、PVR与对照组相比有统计学差异(P0.05),两组TURP术后随访6个月,突入组IPSS下降、PVR减少和Qmax提高与对照组相比有统计学差异(P0.05);多因素分析显示IPP程度与TURP术后IPSS下降(OR=2.98,95%=1.05~6.89)、Qmax提高(OR=5.96,95%=2.85~9.55)相关。结论IPP程度可影响BPH患者PVR和Qmax,相对于IPP≤10mm,IPP10mm的BPH患者TURP术后IPSS下降、PVR减少和Qmax提高更加明显,IPP程度可预测BPH患者TURP术后IPSS下降、Qmax提高。     

前列腺尿道夹角对α受体阻滞剂治疗良性前列腺增生患者夜尿效果的影响

目的探讨良性前列腺增生患者前列腺尿道角(prostatic urethral angle,PUA)角度对α受体阻滞剂治疗前列腺增生症夜尿症状效果的影响。方法回顾性分析150例因夜尿增多服用α受体阻滞剂单药治疗的前列腺增生(BPH)患者,用B超经直肠测量BPH患者的PUA,收集患者年龄、体质量指数(BMI)、治疗前后国际列腺症状评分(IPSS)、前列腺体积(TPV)、移行区体积(TZV)、最大尿流率(Qmax)、前列腺尿道角(PUA)、生活质量评分(Qo L)、膀胱前列腺突出(IPP)、尿道长度(UL)变化等临床指标。采用Logistic回归分析使用α受体阻滞剂后夜尿症状改善的影响因素。结果 150例患者中39例(26.0%)夜尿症状改善。其中夜尿改善发生率分别为53.1%(PUA35°组)和12.9%(PUA≥35°组)。使用α受体阻滞剂后,Qmax较前增加,IPSS、IPSS排尿症状评分(IPSSv)、IPSS存储症状评分(IPSSs)、Qo L较前减少,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。多因素分析显示PUA角度(P=0.041,OR=1.075,95%CI:1.001-1.152)和年龄(P0.001,OR=1.100,95%CI:1.043-1.159)可作为使用α受体阻滞剂改善夜尿症状的预测因素。结论结果显示PUA可以预测α受体阻滞剂治疗良性前列腺增生夜尿症状治疗效果。IPP35°患者,α受体阻滞疗效较好,可改善前列腺增生患者夜尿症状。     

胸腔镜肺叶切除术患者围手术期无尿管留置导致尿潴留的危险因素分析

目的探讨全身麻醉下电视胸腔镜手术(video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery,VATS)肺叶切除患者不留置尿管导致术后尿潴留(postoperative urinary retention,POUR)的高危因素。方法分析2015年7~12月在四川大学华西医院胸外科单个医疗组行肺癌肺叶切除术患者148例的临床资料。将患者分为尿管留置组(尿管组,74例)和无尿管留置组(无尿管组,74例),分析病史,临床体征及麻醉过程和国际前列腺症状评分(IPSS)与术后尿潴留的关系。结果无尿管组和尿管组术后尿潴留发生率(9.46%vs.6.76%)差异无统计学意义(P=0.087)。男性和腹部手术史患者所占比例在尿潴留患者(83.33%,33.33%)中高于无尿潴留患者(56.62%,0.00%,P=0.017,P=0.000);尿潴留患者IPSS评分(26.55±7.00)高于无尿潴留患者(15.31±8.31),差异有统计学意义(P=0.031);而年龄、手术时间、术中输液量均与尿潴留是否无关。术后尿道感染率在尿管组和尿潴留患者中(4.05%,25.00%)显著高于无尿管组和无尿潴留患者(1.35%,0.74%,P=0.049,P=0.048)。结论男性、前列腺中-重度增生和腹部手术史是胸腔镜肺癌肺叶切除术患者发生尿潴留的危险因素。     

IPSS与前列腺体积、前列腺膀胱内突出度、最大尿流率、残余尿及体重指数相关性的研究价值

目的探讨良性前列腺增生(benign prostatic hyperplasia,BPH)患者前列腺体积、前列腺膀胱内突出度(intravesical prostatic protrusion,IPP)、最大尿流率(Q_(max))、残余尿及体重指数(body mass index,BMI)与前列腺症状评分(international prostate symptom score,IPSS)的相关性。方法采用泌尿系彩超、尿流率检查得出相关数据,分析其与IPSS的相关性,得出估算IPSS的方法。结果 IPSS与前列腺体积有明显的相关性(P=0.025);与膀胱内前列腺突出度有明显的相关性(P=0.000);与尿流率有明显的相关性(P=0.000);与体重指数相关性不显著(P=0.603),最后通过以IPSS为凶变量,O_(max)、残余尿、IPP为自变量行回归分析得出回归方程式:IPSS=24.202+1.587×IPP(cm)+0.033×残余尿(mL)-0.469×Q_(max)(ml/s)(F=13.273,P=0.000)。结论前列腺体积、IPP、Qmax、残余尿与IPSS明显相关;可通过IPP、Q_(max)、残余尿的测量,用公式"IPSS=24.20+1.59×IPP(cm)+0.03×残余尿(mL)-0.47×Q_(max)(ml/s)"估算IPSS有一定意义。     

良性前列腺增生经尿道前列腺电切术后发生附睾炎的风险因素分析

目的：探讨良性前列腺增生（BPH）经尿道前列腺电切术（TURP）后发生附睾炎的危险因素。方法：回顾性分析2015年1月至2021年12月我院诊断为BPH并行TURP的826例患者的临床资料,根据术后是否发生附睾炎分为附睾炎组和非附睾炎组。比较两组患者的临床资料,采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析,探讨BPH行TURP术后发生附睾炎的危险因素。结果：826例患者中发生附睾炎33例,发生率为4%。两组患者年龄、病程、高血压、糖尿病、术前尿白细胞阳性、前列腺体积、残余尿、IPSS评分、术前前列腺穿刺等指标差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析表明前列腺体积[OR=0.117,95%CI:0.019～0.710;P=0.020]、高血压[OR=7.960,95%CI:1.908～33.198;P=0.004]、糖尿病[OR=14.72,95%CI:4.151～52.255;P<0.001]是TURP后发生附睾炎的独立危险因素（P<0.05）。进一步对体积80 ml以上BPH行TURP后发生附睾炎患者的资料进行多因素Logistic回归分析表明...     

膀胱内前列腺突出程度对根治性前列腺切除术后尿控恢复的影响

目的:探讨膀胱内前列腺突出(IPP)程度对根治性前列腺切除术患者术后尿控功能恢复的影响。方法:回顾性分析2010年5月至2016年5月接受前列腺穿刺活检确诊为前列腺癌,并由同一名医师完成的腹腔镜根治性前列腺切除术212例患者的临床资料。根据患者前列腺MRI上测量的IPP值分为非显著IPP组(IPP≤10 mm,n=146)和显著性IPP组(IPP10 mm,n=66),通过单因素和多因素Logistic回归探讨影响术后尿控恢复的因素。结果:212例患者术后1、3、6、12个月尿控率分别为32.5%、50.5%、82.1%和91%。单因素分析显示,IPP、体质量指数(BMI)、膀胱颈部保留(BNP)、保留神经血管束(NVB)以及临床T分期是术后3个月尿控恢复的影响因子(P0.05、P0.01),多因素Logistic回归分析显示,IPP10 mm(P0.01)、BMI≥25 kg/m~2(P=0.004)和BNP(P=0.032)是术后3个月尿控恢复的独立影响因子;单因素分析显示,年龄、IPP、BMI、BNP以及临床T分期是术后6个月尿控恢复的影响因子(P0.05、P0.01);Logistic多因素回归分析显示,IPP(P0.01)和BMI(P0.01)是术后6个月尿控恢复的独立影响因子;单因素分析显示,年龄、IPP、BMI、BNP、保留NVB以及临床T分期是术后12个月尿控恢复的影响因子(P0.05);进一步行多因素Logistic回归分析显示,IPP(P0.01)和BMI(P=0.033)是术后远期尿控恢复的独立影响因子。结论:IPP10 mm和BMI≥25 kg/m~2不利于腹腔镜根治性前列腺切除术后长期尿控的恢复。     

良性前列腺增生并发急性尿潴留研究进展

良性前列腺增生(BPH)是老年男性的常见病,易并发急性尿潴留(AUR).常与年龄增加、IPSS评分增高、最大尿流率(Qmax)减少、前列腺体积增大及血清PSA升高等有关.在处理上国内外无统一的方法,通常首选留置导尿术或耻骨上膀胱造瘘术,TWQC被推荐对所有前列腺增生合并急性尿潴留患者使用.α受体阻滞剂常在TWOC前服用,如果需要急诊手术宜采用微创手术为主.     

良性前列腺增生并发急性尿潴留研究进展

良性前列腺增生(BPH)是老年男性的常见病,易并发急性尿潴留(AUR).常与年龄增加、IPSS评分增高、最大尿流率(Qmax)减少、前列腺体积增大及血清PSA升高等有关.在处理上国内外无统一的方法,通常首选留置导尿术或耻骨上膀胱造瘘术,TWQC被推荐对所有前列腺增生合并急性尿潴留患者使用.α受体阻滞剂常在TWOC前服用,如果需要急诊手术宜采用微创手术为主.     

慢性前列腺炎在前列腺增生症发病与进展中的作用探讨

目的 探讨慢性前列腺炎在前列腺增生症发病与进展中的可能作用.方法 回顾性分析本院2011年5月至2014年12月期间因前列腺增生就诊患者356例,根据术后病理结果分为前列腺增生并慢性前列腺炎组及单纯性前列腺增生组,统计分析两组临床特征,包括:年龄(Age)、前列腺体积(PV)、PSA、IPSS评分、是否合并急性尿潴留(AUR).结果 前列腺增生并慢性前列腺炎121/356例(34.0％),发生急性尿潴留48/121例(39.7％);单纯前列腺增生235/356例(66.0％),发生尿潴留60/235例(25.5％).两组对比年龄差别无统计学意义(P＞0.05);但前列腺增生合并慢性前列腺炎组较单纯前列腺增生组PV、PSA、IPSS评分、尿潴留发生率均高,差别具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 前列腺增生合并慢性前列腺炎通常具有更大的体积、更高的PSA及IPSS评分、更易发生尿潴留.因此,前列腺慢性炎症在前列腺增生的发病、进展中可能起作用.     

Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Suggestive of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Prevention or Retention?

BackgroundAcute urinary retention (AUR) is a severe complication of lower urinary tract symptoms suggestive of benign prostatic hyperplasia (LUTS/BPH). The prevention and management of AUR is subject to debate and varies considerably among countries.ObjectiveTo review the current and future prevention and management of AUR secondary to LUTS/BPH.Evidence acquisitionThis paper summarises the content of an update lecture that was part of a symposium on the management of LUTS/BPH held at the annual meeting of the European Association of Urology (EAU) in 2008. During the symposium, the results of a Web-based survey evaluating urologists’ opinions on the management of LUTS/BPH were also presented and discussed.Evidence synthesisPrevention of AUR secondary to LUTS/BPH implies delaying the progression of this condition in patients at risk. Risk factors for AUR include the following: an advanced age, moderate-to-severe lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), an enlarged prostate, a low peak urinary flow rate, an elevated postvoid residual, and an elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level. Chronic inflammation of the prostate might also be a predictor of AUR. First-line treatment of AUR usually involves decompression of the bladder by catheterisation, which can be followed by a trial without catheter (TWOC) or immediate surgery. Elective surgery after TWOC is preferred to immediate surgery because it is associated with a lower morbidity and mortality risk. Treatment with an α₁-adrenoceptor (α₁-AR) antagonist can increase the success rate of a TWOC.ConclusionsPrevention and management of AUR secondary to LUTS/BPH should be based on the presence of risk factors. In most cases, elective surgery after TWOC is preferred to immediate surgery. Treatment with α₁-AR antagonists is usually indicated when performing a TWOC.     

A prospective study of conservatively managed acute urinary retention: prostate size matters

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate in a prospective study the medium- to long-term outcome of a policy of conservatively managing acute urinary retention (AUR), arising solely by bladder outlet obstruction caused by benign prostatic enlargement (BPE), and to identify the factors favouring a positive outcome of a trial without catheter (TWOC). PATIENTS AND METHODS: All men admitted as an emergency with primary AUR caused by BPE (from August 1997 to March 2000) underwent a TWOC. The following variables were recorded; the nature and duration of any preceding lower urinary tract symptoms, previous episodes of retention, concomitant anticholinergic medication, coexisting constipation, alcohol as a precipitating cause of AUR, previous prostatectomy, confirmed urinary tract infection, residual urine drained on catheterization and prostate size, as determined by a digital rectal examination (DRE) carried out by one consultant urologist in all patients. Those voiding successfully were followed up prospectively using the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), quality-of-life score, urinary flow rate measurement and ultrasonographic measurement of the postvoid residual (PVR). RESULTS: Of the 40 men with AUR, 22 (55%) voided spontaneously after removing the catheter and continued to do so with mean peak flow rates of 12.2 mL/s and mean PVRs of 69.6 mL over a follow-up of 8-24 months. These patients remained asymptomatic, with a mean IPSS of 5.2 and quality-of-life score of 0.9. These men had a mean prostatic size of 15.9 g and a mean catheterized residual volume of 814 mL, while in those who had an unsuccessful TWOC the mean prostate size was 27.5 g (P = 0.006) and a mean catheterized residual volume of 1062 mL (P = 0.09). Prostate size as assessed by the DRE was the most significant factor in predicting the outcome of a TWOC. CONCLUSION: A TWOC is justified in the long-term for men presenting with AUR caused by BPE. Prostate size is the most important factor for predicting the outcome of such a trial.     

The role of alpha-blockers in the management of acute urinary retention caused by benign prostatic obstruction

OBJECTIVES: To consider theories concerning the etiology of acute urinary retention (AUR), which may influence the outcome of a trial without catheter (TWOC), and to discuss evidence regarding the use of medical therapy in the management and secondary prevention of AUR. METHODS AND MATERIALS: A search of the literature discussing measurable parameters that may identify patients at risk for AUR and who require further intervention after initial treatment was undertaken. Studies of the effect of medical interventions for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and AUR were also identified. RESULTS: The etiology of acute urinary retention remains unknown in many cases, which are often described as spontaneous, but catheterization remains standard management followed by a TWOC and bladder outlet surgery in those who do not void satisfactorily. Alpha-blockers (alpha(1)-adrenoreceptor antagonists) effectively reduce the symptoms associated with BPH and improve the urodynamic parameters of obstruction, without the sexual adverse events associated with the 5alpha-reductase inhibitors. They may diminish the incidence of AUR and the need for surgical intervention in symptomatic men. There is now good evidence that alfuzosin, in particular, improves the success rate of a TWOC, although other uroselective alpha-blockers have also been shown to improve the success rates of TWOC. CONCLUSIONS: The proven effects of alpha-blockers support the hypothesis that they will increase the chances of a successful TWOC following AUR, which has now been proven in several well-designed and conducted studies. However, it is not yet clear whether these or other medical therapies have a role to play in the secondary prevention of further AUR or the need for further surgery. It is clear that certain measurable parameters may be used to identify patients at highest risk of a further episode of AUR following a successful TWOC; these patients may then be offered urgent surgical intervention.     

Management of acute urinary retention secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia in the UK: a national survey

OBJECTIVE: To analyse current practice in the management of acute urinary retention (AUR) secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in the UK, and to assess how much of this is evidence-based. METHODS: In all, 410 consultant urologists practising in UK hospitals were sent a questionnaire about the management of AUR secondary to BPH. Data were collected on practice relating to initial management, trial without catheter (TWOC), the use of alpha-blockers and the follow-up. The need for a uniform guideline in the management of AUR secondary to BPH was also assessed. RESULTS: We received 270 (66%) replies, of which six were excluded because they were from subspeciality interests (e.g. paediatric urology) or had ambiguous answers; 264 (64%) were therefore available for analysis. Urethral catheterization was the initial management of choice (98%), failing which a suprapubic catheter was inserted. Two-thirds (65.5%) admitted the patient after catheterization. Most consultants initiated alpha-blockers (70.5%), with 64% (118) of these using a TWOC 2 days after starting them. One failed TWOC was an indication for transurethral resection of the prostate for 192 (72.8%), with 136 (49.8%) re-admitting the patient for surgery later. Routine follow-up after a successful TWOC was advocated by 77.3%. Just over half the respondents (52.6%) felt that there was no need for uniform guidelines in the management of AUR secondary to BPH. CONCLUSION: This survey identified a reasonable national uniformity in managing AUR secondary to BPH in the UK, but significant aspects of current practice are not evidence-based.     

膀胱内前列腺突出程度可作为良性前列腺增生临床进展的高危因素

目的 探讨在良性前列腺增生(BPH)患者中,应用经腹超声测量的膀胱内前列腺突出(IPP)程度与BPH 临床进展的关系.方法 对2002 年至2009 年所有因下尿路症状就诊我院门诊的BPH 患者行经腹超声通过中线矢状面测量IPP,将IPP 分为3 级,并记录患者年龄、前列腺体积、血清前列腺特异性抗原(PSA)、国际前列腺症状评分(IPSS)、最大尿流率和残余尿量.对其中行等待观察及药物治疗的患者进行随访,随访过程中如出现IPSS 评分增加大于4 分,最大尿流率进行性下降(大于2%/年),发生急性尿潴留,反复血尿,复发性尿路感染,超声发现双侧肾积水,最终行手术治疗中的一项或多项,认为发生临床进展.以IPP玉级为对照组,应用多元比数比(odds ratio)分析IPP域级、芋级与临床进展之间的关系.结果 共537 名患者临床资料完整且随访成功,平均随访时间29 个月,191 名患者被确认为临床进展.以IPP玉级的患者作为对照组,IPP域级的多元比数比为7.4、芋级为15.1.结论 高级别的IPP 患者更易发生临床进展,经腹超声测量IPP 长度可能成为一个新的无创性良性前列腺增生临床进展的高危因素.     

阿司匹林对前列腺增生并急性尿潴留的影响

目的：观察阿司匹林治疗前列腺增生并急性尿潴留的临床疗效和安全性。方法选取沈阳市第一人民医院120例前列腺增生并急性尿潴留患者,随机分为阿司匹林组（60例）及对照组（60例）。阿司匹林组给予阿司匹林肠溶片联合非那雄胺、坦索罗欣治疗;对照组只给予非那雄胺和坦索罗欣治疗。随访6个月,观察和分析两组患者治疗前后前列腺大小、国际前列腺症状（IPSS）评分、最大尿流率、需手术治疗、急性尿潴留发生率及不良反应的情况。结果两组随访6个月后的前列腺大小、IPSS评分、最大尿流率与治疗前比较,差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）。随访6个月后,两组的前列腺大小、IPSS评分、最大尿流率比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。阿司匹林组需手术治疗的患者比率及发生急性尿潴留率与对照组比较,差异统计学意义（x2=5.02、6.63,P＜0.05）。两组均未见不良反应发生。结论阿司匹林预防能有效治疗前列腺增生并急性尿潴留,降低了前列腺增生患者手术治疗风险,且并发症少。     

单纯良性前列腺增生与合并慢性前列腺炎患者临床特点分析

目的:探讨单纯良性前列腺增生(BPH)与合并慢性前列腺炎(CP)患者的临床特点及其意义。方法:回顾性分析2011年10月~2013年06月我院泌尿外科行经尿道前列腺等离子电切术(TURP)治疗BPH的患者236例,按照病理诊断分为单纯BPH(35例)和合并CP(201例)两组,采用SPSS 17.0软件进行统计学分析,比较两组患者在年龄、前列腺体积、最大尿流率(Qmax)、剩余尿量(RUV)、国际前列腺症状评分(IPSS)(术前及术后3个月)、生活质量评分(QOL)、是否发生急性尿潴留(AUR)、前列腺特异性抗原(PSA)、前列腺特异性抗原密度(PSAD)等指标上是否存在差异。结果:合并CP组患者在前列腺体积、RUV、IPSS、QOL、AUR发生率等方面指标高于单纯BPH组患者,Qmax低于单纯BPH组,差异有统计学意义。而在年龄及PSA、PSAD等方面指标差异无统计学意义。手术治疗后3个月两组IPSS评分均较术前明显降低,且合并CP组较单纯组评分高,差异均有统计学意义。结论:CP可能是BPH临床进展的重要因素之一,同时也可能是导致BPH患者下尿路症状(LUTS)的重要原因之一。     

A comparative study on the use of tamsulosin versus alfuzosin in spontaneous micturition recovery after transurethral catheter removal in patients with benign prostatic growth

Purpose

To compare the efficacy and safety of tamsulosin and alfuzosin in patients with acute urinary retention (AUR) secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

Methods

Ninety men with AUR due to BPH underwent urinary catheterization and were randomly assigned to treatment groups with tamsulosin 0.4 mg (37 patients), alfuzosin 10 mg (34 patients), and placebo (19 patients). After 4 days of the drug treatment, the catheters were removed, and the patients underwent trial without catheter (TWOC). A TWOC was considered successful if the patient had a voided volume >100 ml and post-void residual urine <200 ml.

Results

TWOC was successful in 16 patients (43.2 %) in the tamsulosin group, 12 patients (35.2 %) in the alfuzosin group, and 5 patients (26.3 %) in the placebo group. Logistic regression analysis showed that both drugs were equally effective and that the type of alpha-blocker was not a predictive factor for TWOC success (OR 1.137, 95 % CI 0.639–2.022) (p = 0.662).

Conclusion

Even though there were no statistically significant differences when comparing the three groups, tamsulosin showed a tendency to be more effective in a successful catheter removal. The lack of objective criteria in the definition of successful micturition leads us to believe that the effectiveness of both drugs reported in the literature is overestimated.     

Prostate size influences the outcome after presenting with acute urinary retention

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the long-term outcome in an open follow-up of a cohort of patients who had had a successful trial without catheter (TWOC) after an episode of acute urinary retention (AUR), as it is now widely accepted that giving an alpha-blocker, e.g. alfuzosin, increases the success rate of TWOC. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In this prospective trial, 81 patients with a first episode of AUR related to benign prostatic obstruction received either sustained-release alfuzosin (40) 5 mg twice daily or placebo (41) for 48 h. The catheter was removed after 24 h of treatment and the patient's ability to void assessed. Those who voided successfully entered an open follow-up, the defined endpoints of which were the date of recurrent AUR, date of bladder outlet surgery, date of last follow-up or death, and factors that influenced the long-term outcome after a successful TWOC were examined. RESULTS: Of the 34 patients who had a successful TWOC (22 on alfuzosin, 12 placebo, P= 0.03), 21 continued on an alpha-blocker at the discretion of their urologist. In all, 26 had a further episode of AUR or surgery during the 6-year follow-up. The mean (median, range) time to the second episode of AUR in the 20 (59%) patients affected was 1.4 (0.6, 0-5.95) years. Nineteen (56%) men had bladder outlet surgery, 13 after a second episode of AUR. The mean time to operation after the first AUR was 1.85 (1.1, 0.04-5.4) years. The remaining eight (24%) patients remained free of further AUR and surgery. The size of the prostate assessed on a digital rectal examination by the admitting urologist was the only factor with a significant effect on the long-term outcome. A postvoid residual of > 50 mL was associated with a greater likelihood of recurrent AUR or surgery, but this was not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides further evidence of the importance of prostate size as a prognostic factor in determining the outcome in patients with prostatic obstruction. Whilst most men presenting with AUR will eventually have prostatic surgery, a significant minority will not. An assessment of risk factors such as prostate size may identify those who require urgent intervention after a successful TWOC. The role of continued medical therapy with alpha-blockers and/or 5alpha-reductase inhibitors after a successful TWOC merits further investigation.