13例颈喉部切割伤的护理

目的 探讨颈喉部切割伤急救及护理，提高救治成功率。方法 回顾1997年1月～2004年4月收治的13例颈喉部切割伤．分别进行了抗休克、止血及伤口清创缝合治疗和护理，其中，10例作了气管切开术，1例因甲状软骨损伤术中未放置喉模，拔苦困难．带管出院。结果 13例颈割喉部切伤救治都成功。结论 颈喉部切割伤病情危急，急救时首先要保持呼吸道通畅，有效止血．及时纠正休克、密切观察生命体征，做好各管道和伤口的护理，可最大限度减轻并发症，保证救治的成功率。     

颅脑外伤合并胸腹伤168例诊治分析

目的探讨颅脑外伤合并胸腹伤患者的临床诊治分析。方法回顾性分析本院近年来收治的168例颅脑外伤合并胸腹伤患者的临床资料。结果本组168例颅脑外伤合并胸腹伤患者,经救治成功153例,成功率为91．07％,死亡15例,死亡率为8．93％。主要死亡原因：重型颅脑损伤9例,胸部外伤4例,腹部外伤2例。采用Glasgow Outcome Scale评分,恢复良好80例,中残44例,重残21例,植物生存状态8例,死亡15例。结论针对颅脑外伤合并胸腹伤患者,只有及时的诊断,合理的治疗,才能最大限度提高抢救的成功率。     

重度颅脑外伤合并胸膜伤的临床急救与护理

目的：探讨颅脑外伤合并胸膜伤患者的急救及护理方法,提高患者的抢救成功率。方法：对本院2009年度入院的80例颅脑外伤合并胸膜伤患者,采取相应的急救与护理措施。结果：本组80例患者,康复出院72例,抢劫成功率为90％．死亡8例。结论：颅脑外伤合并胸膜伤患者的抢救,要做到早诊断、早检测,具有充分的急诊意识,有效的护理干预措施可以大大提高抢救的成功率。     

颅脑损伤合并伤临床分析

目的　探讨合并伤对颅脑损伤病死率的影响及其急救原则。方法　总结分析我院收治的 4 311例颅脑损伤病例合并伤资料。结果　颅脑损伤 4 311例中合并伤 1372例 ( 31 8% ) ,其中轻型组 13 7% ,中型组 2 7 9% ,重型及特重型组 5 3 9%。各部位合并伤在总体、<2 4h死亡 ( 16 4例 )组、>2 4h死亡 ( 2 2 9例 )组中的发生率依次为 :颌面部 12 2 %、14 6 %、12 6 % ;胸部 9 3%、32 9%、10 9% ;腹部 1 5 %、9 1%、3 4 % ;脊柱骨盆 3%、2 1 9%、4 8% ;四肢 17 3%、2 0 1%、19 2 %。结论　在颅脑损伤患者的院前、院内急救中要加强对胸部、腹部、脊柱骨盆合并伤的合理救治     

标准外伤大骨瓣减压术治疗重型颅脑损伤24例疗效观察

目的观察标准外伤大骨瓣减压术治疗重型颅脑损伤合并脑疝的临床疗效。方法采用标准外伤大骨瓣开颅术治疗重型颅脑损伤合并脑疝患者24例。结果随访6个月,恢复良好9例（37．5％）,中残4例（16．7％）,重残3例（12．5％）,植物状态2例（8．3％）,死亡6例（25．0％）。结论标准外伤大骨瓣减压术是救治重型颅脑损伤合并脑疝患者的有效方法,能明显提高抢救成功率。     

40例重型颅脑损伤死亡原因分析

目的 分析40例重型颅脑损伤死亡原因。方法 回顾性整理我院收治颅脑外伤病人510例病例资料(其中重型颅脑伤100例、死亡40例)。结果 继发性脑干损伤死亡15例(37．5％)，原发性脑干损伤8例(20．0％)，呼吸道并发症7例(17．5％)，肾功能衰竭3例(7．5％)，创伤性休克4例(10．0％)，消化道出血3例(7．5％)。结论 院前、院内的急救措施及时、恰当、准确可以减少继发性脑损伤，对降低死亡率、提高救治率非常重要。     

32例重型胸外伤患者的护理体会

重型胸外伤及其合并伤是胸外科常见的创伤性疾病，其特殊的解剖位置伤后往往引起急性呼吸循环功能障碍。伤情紧急、复杂，且多合并其他重要脏器组织的损伤，及时正确的治疗和护理是提高救治成功率的关键。2010年10月至2011年10月我科共收治重型胸外伤患者32例，经及时急救与护理均痊愈出院，先将急救与护理体会报告如下。     

颅脑外伤合并复合伤的急救护理

目的总结颅脑外伤合并复合伤的急救护理体会总结及临床急救护理经验。方法对96例颅脑外伤合并复合伤患者的急救护理进行回顾分析。结果96例中抢救成功87例,成功率达90％。结论及时准确判断是降低颅脑外伤合并复合伤死亡率的首要条件,合理掌握优先处理的顺序是抢救成功降低死亡率的关键,及时处理止血控制休克是提高治愈率的重要因素。     

严重多发伤中后尿道断裂的急诊处理及预后

1993年 6月～ 1999年 6月 ,我院急诊救治合并后尿道断裂的严重多发伤 6 7例 ,10例 (14 9% )死亡。 5 7例救治成功 ,其中急诊行尿道会师牵引术 4 6例 ,单纯膀胱穿刺造瘘 11例 ,报告如下。对象与方法一、对象　本组 5 7例均为男性 ,年龄 18～ 5 6岁 ,平均 30 5岁 ,交通事故伤 4 6例 ,塌方砸伤 8例 ,船体挤压伤 3例 ,均合并有骨盆骨折。骨盆环不稳定 4 0例 (70 % ) ,休克 4 2例 (73 7% )。其它合并伤 :颅脑外伤 4例 ,胸外伤 3例 ,腹部外伤 36例 ,四肢外伤 2 2例 ,胸、腹、四肢联合多发伤 2例。本组均有尿潴留 ,试插导尿管在后尿道受阻。直肠指…     

创伤性休克伤员的急救护理

几年来,我院急救科共收治创伤性休克的伤员217例,现就其护理报告如下。1 临床资料 本组中男151例,女66例;年龄3～70 y。抢救成功者196例,死亡21例,救治成功率为90.3％。2 现场急救2.1 必须做到以下几点:(1)快速、准确、全面地对伤情进行评估,采取有关的急救措施。收治成批伤时,首先对重伤员进行救治,记录受伤的时间,损伤的部位及有无多发伤。(2)在现场急救时应做好止血、包扎及固定伤肢;转送时应正确搬运。     

Degraded and undegraded carrageenans and experimental gastric and duodenal ulceration

The prevention of histamine-induced gastric and duodenal ulceration in the guinea-pig has been examined using a series of undegraded and degraded carrageenans. Undegraded carrageenans were active at lower doses than degraded carrageenans. The high viscosity of the undegraded carrageenans in solution prevented their use in larger doses. Degradation of carrageenan without serious loss of sulphate, gives a product which allows the dose to be increased to an extent that its effect more than offsets the slight loss in activity caused by the degradation. No single feature of carrageenan structure can be related to anti-ulcer activity although degradation, and hence reduction of molecular size, generally reduces activity. Sulphate contents over 30% have little apparent effect on activity; κ-carrageenans were not consistently different in anti-ulcer activity from Λ-carrageenans. This contrasts with the antipeptic activity of carrageenans where κ-carrageenans are less active than their Λ-counter-parts. As with antipeptic activity, the degree of anti-ulcer activity is probably determined by a combination of structural features which includes molecular size and polyanionic properties.     

Affective and Anxiety Disorders and Alcohol and Drug Dependence:

Depression and anxiety frequently coexist in patients with substance use disorders. This clinically-oriented article examiens the relationship between these conditions and emphasizes data showing that substances of abuse can cause signs and symptoms of both depression and anxiety. These substance-related syndromes appear to have a different course and prognosis than uncomplicated, independent anxiety and major depressive disorders, and clinicians should consider the role of alcohol and other drugs in all patients presenting with these complaints. The authors will also outline an approach for diagnosing and managing patients with the combination of a substance use and depressive or anxiety disorder.     

Alcohol and Substance Use and Abuse in Women and Children

No abstract available for this article.     

Glucosidase and fucosidase inhibitors and Advances in nucleosides and nucleotides.

The American Chemical Society Symposium "Glucosidase and fucosidase inhibitors" took place on 1 April 1998 and was organized by Professors Zbigniew J Witczak (UConn, School of Pharmacy, CT, USA), Kuniaki Tatsuta (Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan) and Waldemar Priebe, MD (Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, USA). Professor Witczak provided introductory remarks including the status of existing glucosidase inhibitors, and chaired the morning session, which consisted of six lectures. The symposium was well received, and was particularly attractive for those interested in networking, as attendance was about sixty. In addition, some participants and attendees presented posters on the subject during the regular poster session organized by the Division of Carbohydrate Chemistry.