干扰Yes相关蛋白表达调控Wnt/β-catenin信号通路影响膀胱癌细胞凋亡

目的:探讨干扰Yes相关蛋白(YAP)的表达对膀胱癌细胞凋亡的影响及机制。方法:以膀胱癌细胞T-24为研究对象,分为正常对照(control)组、siRNA阴性对照(siRNA-NC)组和YAP siRNA组。分别以real-time PCR和Western blot实验检测转染后各组细胞中YAP的mRNA和蛋白表达水平,MTT法检测细胞活力,流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡情况,Western blot检测β-连环蛋白(β-catenin)和c-Myc表达水平。用Wnt/β-catenin信号通路抑制剂FH535处理YAP siRNA组细胞,并用MTT法检测细胞活力,流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡。结果:YAP siRNA组YAP的mRNA和蛋白水平均明显低于control组(P0.05)。YAP siRNA组的细胞活力及c-Myc和β-catenin水平均明显低于control组(P0.05),而细胞凋亡率明显高于control组(P0.05)。与未经FH535处理的YAP siRNA组细胞相比,YAP siRNA组的细胞经FH535处理后细胞活力明显下降,细胞凋亡率升高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:干扰YAP表达能够通过抑制Wnt/β-catenin信号通路激活而抑制膀胱癌细胞活力,并促进膀胱癌细胞凋亡。     

姜黄素调控Wnt信号通路抑制胃癌细胞上皮间质转化的研究

目的探讨姜黄素对人胃癌细胞株BGC-823上皮间质转化(EMT)的影响机制。方法将细胞分为姜黄素干预组、TGF-β组、BGC-823细胞对照组、GES-1细胞对照组。采用姜黄素(10μmol/L)干预人胃癌细胞株BGC-823,通过MTT试验检测胃癌细胞增殖能力;通过Transwell小室试验检测胃癌细胞侵袭功能改变;通过Western blot检测各组细胞E-cadherin、Vimentin蛋白及Wnt信号通路相关蛋白表达。结果 TGF-β诱导能够促进人胃癌细胞株BGC-823增殖(P 0.05),胃癌细胞表现出更高的侵袭能力(P 0.01),而姜黄素干预后胃癌细胞的增殖及侵袭能力均明显受抑制。Western blot检测表明,TGF-β诱导干预后,BGC-823细胞E-cadherin、Vimentin蛋白水平升高,与此同时GSK3β、β-catenin及c-Myc的表达明显上调(P 0.01);姜黄素干预能有效抑制胃癌细胞EMT作用,Wnt信号通路蛋白水平显著下调(P 0.05)。结论姜黄素可以通过调控Wnt/β-catenin信号通路抑制胃癌细胞EMT作用,从而抑制肿瘤细胞的侵袭、转移,实现抗肿瘤作用。     

长链非编码RNA LINP1对肝癌细胞增殖、侵袭转移的影响

目的探究长链非编码RNA LINP1在肝癌组织中的表达及其对肝癌细胞增殖及侵袭转移能力的影响。方法使用qRT-PCR方法检测60例肝癌组织以及癌旁组织、肝癌细胞株及正常肝细胞中LINP1的表达情况。si-LINP1转染肝癌细胞敲低LINP1表达;CCK-8实验检测si-LINP1对肝癌细胞增殖影响;Western blot检测Wnt/β-catenin信号通路蛋白β-catenin和cyclinD1表达。结果 LINP1在肝癌组织中的表达水平高于癌旁组织,肝癌细胞高于正常肝细胞系Lo2(P0.05);敲低LINP1抑制肝癌细胞增殖及侵袭转移,抑制Wnt/β-catenin信号通路蛋白β-catenin和cyclinD1表达(P0.05)。结论敲低LINP1抑制肝癌细胞的增殖、侵袭和转移与抑制Wnt/β-catenin信号通路相关。     

miR-152 在IL-6 诱导宫颈癌Hela 细胞增殖和侵袭中的作用及其机制

目的:探讨miR-152在IL-6诱导宫颈癌Hela细胞增殖和侵袭中的作用及其机制。方法:以0、0.5、5和50 ng/ml IL-6处理Hela细胞后,分别采用CCK-8法、Transwell法检测细胞的增殖和侵袭能力,RT-PCR检测细胞中miR-152的表达,Western blot检测WNT/β-catenin信号通路相关蛋白WNT1、β-catenin、CyclinD1和MMP-9的表达,双荧光素酶报告基因实验检测miR-152和WNT1的靶向关系。脂质体介导转染miR-152模拟物后,RT-PCR检测miR-152的表达,CCK-8、Transwell和Western blot检测miR-152对IL-6处理的Hela细胞增殖、侵袭和WNT/β-catenin信号通路的影响。结果:与对照(0 ng/ml)相比,0.5、5和50 ng/ml IL-6处理Hela细胞后增殖和侵袭能力增强以及WNT/β-catenin信号通路相关蛋白WNT1、β-catenin、CyclinD1和MMP-9蛋白的表达水平均明显升高,而miR-152表达明显降低(P0.05),且呈IL-6浓度依赖性。双荧光素酶报告基因实验证实WNT1是miR-152的靶基因。成功上调miR-152表达可逆转IL-6对Hela细胞增殖和侵袭的促进及对WNT/β-catenin信号通路的调控作用。结论:miR-152参与IL-6诱导的宫颈癌Hela细胞增殖和侵袭,其作用机制可能与靶向调控WNT/β-catenin信号通路有关。     

β-catenin在食管癌侵袭转移过程中的作用

目的探讨β-catenin在食管癌侵袭转移过程中的作用。方法转染有效的β-catenin基因siRNA干扰片段于食管癌Eca-109细胞中,下调β-catenin表达:CCK-8增殖实验检测沉默该基因对食管癌细胞增殖能力的影响;Transwell小室实验检测对其侵袭、迁移能力的影响;Western blot法检测β-catenin表达下调后WISP2、TCF4及E-cadherin蛋白表达。结果 CCK-8增殖实验结果显示,干扰组(siRNA干扰片段有效转染的下调β-catenin组)细胞增殖能力明显低于空白对照组(未处理组)及阴性对照组(转染无意义片段组)(P0.05),而空白对照组与阴性对照组之间差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。Transwell小室实验结果显示,干扰组迁移、侵袭能力均低于空白对照组及阴性对照组(P0.05)。Western blot结果显示,WISP2、E-cadherin蛋白在干扰组中的表达量高于空白对照组及阴性对照组(P0.05);TCF4蛋白在干扰组中的表达量低于空白对照组及阴性对照组(P0.05)。结论在食管癌细胞中,下调β-catenin后,Wnt信号通路的相关因子也出现明显改变,推测沉默食管癌中Wnt信号通路β-catenin因子,E-cadherin表达增加,抑制上皮-间质转化(epithelial mesenchymal transition,EMT),阻碍食管癌细胞增殖,通过减少TCF4表达,促进下游靶基因WISP2表达,从而抑制肿瘤细胞侵袭、转移;β-catenin基因有望成为靶向治疗食管癌的候选基因。     

壳寡糖对子宫内膜癌细胞增殖迁移的影响及可能分子机制

目的 探讨壳寡糖对子宫内膜癌细胞增殖迁移的影响及可能分子机制.方法 将不同浓度的壳寡糖作用于子宫内膜癌HEC-1B细胞,通过CCK-8检测细胞的增殖情况;划痕实验检测细胞迁移情况;Western blot检测E-cadherin、Snail、MMP2和MMP9及AMPK/mTOR的蛋白表达.结果 1.25mg/ml的壳...     

沉默miR-8063促进结直肠癌细胞获得多药耐药性及机制研究北大核心CSCD

目的:探讨沉默miR-8063促进结直肠癌SW480、HT29细胞多药耐药性及分子机制。方法:分别采用miR-8063-inhibitor-GFP-PURO慢病毒载体和阴性对照病毒(NC-GFP-PURO)转染SW480、HT29细胞,建立实验组(SW480-sh-miR-8063、HT29-sh-miR-8063)和对照组(SW480-sh-NC、HT9-sh-NC),RT-qPCR检测miR-8063表达;CCK-8测定5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)和奥沙利铂(OXA)对两组细胞24 h、48 h及72 h的生长抑制率;RT-qPCR和Western blot检测耐药基因P-gp、ABCG2 mRNA和蛋白表达;Western blot检测WNT/β-catenin信号通路关键指标WNT3A、WNT5A及β-catenin蛋白表达。结果:与对照组相比,实验组miR-8063基因表达显著降低(P<0.01),48 h、72 h时5-FU和OXA对细胞的抑制率显著降低(P<0.01),耐药基因P-gp、ABCG2 mRNA及蛋白表达显著提高(P<0.01),WNT3A、WNT5A及β-catenin蛋白表达显著升高(P<0.01)。结论:沉默miR-8063基因可促进CRC细胞耐药基因P-gp、ABCG2表达,使CRC细胞SW480和HT29获得多药耐药性,其分子机制可能与激活WNT/β-catenin信号通路有关。     

过表达配对相关同源框1( PRRX1) 通过调控Wnt / β-catenin 通路抑制肝癌细胞体内致瘤性

目的:研究慢病毒介导的配对相关同源框1(PRRX1)过表达对肝癌细胞体内致瘤性的影响及相关机制。方法:构建PRRX1过表达的慢病毒载体pLV-PRRX1-IRES2-EGFP,转染HEK293T细胞,获得慢病毒颗粒后,感染肝癌细胞株SMMC-7721,采用Western blot检测感染后细胞株中PRRX1蛋白表达。皮下注射SMMC-7721细胞(对照组、空载体组、PRRX1过表达组及PRRX1过表达+Wnt/β-catenin通路抑制剂XAV939干预组)构建裸鼠肝癌移植瘤模型,其中干预组使用XAV939处理,观察处理后移植瘤体积大小并绘制肿瘤生长曲线;采用HE染色观察各组移植瘤组织病变情况;采用原位末端转移酶标记技术(TUNEL)检测移植瘤中细胞凋亡情况;采用免疫组化检测移植瘤中细胞增殖相关抗原Ki-67的表达;采用Western blot检测移植瘤中PRRX1以及Wnt/β-catenin通路相关蛋白β-catenin、c-Myc的表达。结果:成功构建PRRX1过表达的慢病毒载体并成功感染肝癌细胞株SMMC-7721,感染后细胞中PRRX1蛋白水平明显升高;与空载体组比较,PRRX1过表达组裸鼠移植瘤生长缓慢,组织坏死加重,细胞凋亡及PRRX1蛋白表达增加,而Ki-67、β-catenin及c-Myc蛋白表达均受到抑制;与PRRX1过表达组比较,XAV939干预进一步促进PRRX1过表达对裸鼠移植瘤的作用效果,但不改变PRRX1的表达。结论:过表达PRRX1能显著降低肝癌细胞体内致瘤能力,其机制可能与抑制Wnt/β-catenin信号通路有关。     

FABP4表达上调促进人子宫内膜癌细胞系HEC-1-A增殖和迁移

目的 探讨脂肪酸结合蛋白4(FABP4)在子宫内膜癌中的表达及其对子宫内膜癌细胞系HEC-1-A增殖、迁移及侵袭的影响。方法 RT-qPCR检测子宫内膜癌组织及癌旁组织FABP4 mRNA的表达水平,分析FABP4表达与子宫内膜癌临床病理特征的相关性。将HEC-1-A细胞分为对照组、FABP4阴性对照(si-NC)组和干扰FABP4(si-FABP4)组。RT-qPCR检测HEC-1-A细胞FABP4 mRNA的表达;MTT法检测HEC-1-A细胞增殖;Transwell小室法检测细胞迁移与侵袭;免疫印迹法检测HEC-1-A细胞FABP4、基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)-2和MMP-9蛋白的表达。结果 子宫内膜癌组织中FABP4 mRNA表达水平显著高于癌旁组织(P<0.05);FABP4表达与肿瘤TNM分期和淋巴结转移有关(P<0.05);干扰FABP4表达可显著抑制子宫内膜癌细胞增殖、迁移与侵袭能力。结论 FABP4在子宫内膜癌中表达上调,干扰FABP4表达可抑制子宫内膜癌细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭。     

慢病毒载体介导的RNAi技术构建稳定抑制β-catenin的人鼻咽癌细胞株

目的建立稳定抑制β-catenin基因表达的人鼻咽癌6-10B细胞株,为探讨Wnt/β-catenin信号在鼻咽癌发生中的作用提供细胞模型。方法于β-catenin CTNNB1基因编码区选择3个siRNA靶点合成3对shRNA干扰序列,分别与pLKO.1载体连接,构建pLKO.1-sh-β-catenin质粒（干扰组1）、pLVTHM-sh-β-catenin（干扰组2）和pLKO.1-sh-β-catenin-Neg质粒（阴性对照组）;将重组质粒与慢病毒包装质粒共转染293T细胞,收集含慢病毒颗粒的上清液感染人鼻咽癌6-10B细胞,感染pLKO.1-sh-β-catenin和pLKO.1-sh-β-catenin-Neg质粒的细胞经嘌呤霉素筛选并扩大培养后得到稳定克隆株。Western blot检测干扰组β-catenin抑制效率及下游基因c-myc蛋白的表达;四甲基偶氮唑盐（MTT）比色法检测比较细胞增殖状况,Transwell细胞迁移实验检测细胞迁移率。结果 Western blot检测结果显示pLKO.1-sh-β-catenin（干扰组1）干扰效率最佳,β-catenin及c-myc蛋白表达减少;MTT检测显示干扰β-catenin后细胞吸光度下降,细胞增殖受到抑制;穿过Transwell小室底膜的细胞数：干扰组1为（23.5±4.6）个,明显低于阴性对照组（50.3±5.3,P〈0.01）及空白对照组（54.3±5.6,P〈0.01）。结论成功构建了β-catenin shRNA慢病毒表达载体,建立了稳定抑制β-catenin基因表达的人鼻咽癌6-10B细胞株,为进一步研究以β-catenin为靶点的鼻咽癌基因治疗奠定基础。     

Reflections on the mechanical structure of the base of the skull and on the face

Using thick sections of the base of the skull and face their mechanical structure is viewed from the engineering aspect and the anatomic solutions evolved are compared with those selected by Aerospatiale engineers for the concept and development of the Airbus. It is concluded that the anterior and middle cranial fossae, together with the face, constitute an inseparable mechanical assembly each of whose component units participate in the rigidity of the others. Since this mechanical assembly must provide maximal rigidity for minimal weight, this suggests that aeronautical solutions should throw much light on the detail of construction of the skull and face. Indeed, the rigidity and lightness of the latter are obtained by means of solutions familiar in aeronautics: the reliance on thin-shelled beams with a honeycomb filling, the diploe analogous to a preconstrained composite or sandwich structure, a system of frames, struts and stiffeners, and the use of fillets at the sites of junction of struts.     

Study on the interference of ticlopidine on the immune system

In-vitro and ex-vivo studies have been performed in order to investigate the possible interference of ticlopidine on different lymphocyte parameters. In vitro, ticlopidine displays a dose-dependent inhibition of both spontaneous and lectin-induced 3H-thymidine incorporation by normal lymphocytes. Moreover the highest drug concentrations also reduce the in-vitro PWM-stimulated Ig synthesis. Lymphocyte tests performed in healthy volunteers after a 10-day oral treatment (250 mg/day) show only a slight reduction of PHA- and ConA-induced proliferative responses and in-vitro PWM-stimulated Ig synthesis. The values found after treatment however remain within the normal range, excluding a clear interference of ticlopidine on the immune parameters tested. In addition the treatment does not affect the white blood cells nor the lymphocyte subset distribution identified by the monoclonal antibodies OKT3, OKT4 and OKT8.     

Studies on the influence of the structural modifications in the tracer on the immunoassay of progesterone

The main objective of the present study was to examine the influence of different bridges in radioiodinated tracers on the assay performance of progesterone using antibodies. Three homologous and two heterologous immunoassay systems for the measurement of progesterone in human serum are described. Using an antiserum raised against progesterone-11alpha-hemisuccinate-bovine serum albumin (BSA), assays with homologous radioligands, namely progesterone-11alpha-hemisuccinate-125I-tyrosine methyl ester (TME) and progesterone-11alpha-hemisuccinate-125I-histamine, heterologous bridge radioligand, namely progesterone-11alpha-hemiphthalate-125I-TME, and a heterologous site radioligand namely progesterone-3-(O-carboxymethyl) oxime (CMO)-125I-histamine were optimized. A homologous assay system, using antiserum raised against progesterone-3-carboxymethyl oxime-BSA and progesterone-3-CMO-125I-histamine as the radioligand was also optimized to develop a radio-immunoassay (RIA) for serum progesterone. Amongst the two homologous radioligands, viz., progesterone-11alpha-hemisuccinate-125I-histamine and the corresponding TME conjugate tracer, the former yielded a standard curve with a higher slope (-0.6) as compared to the latter (-0.5). The heterologous bridge system with progesterone-11alpha-hemiphthalate-125I-TME resulted in a more sensitive assay (slope of -0.8) than the homologous tracers, whilst the heterologous site radioligand, viz., progesterone-3-CMO-125I-histamine gave the most sensitive assay (slope of -1.2). The homologous assay with antiserum against progesterone-3-CMO-BSA and progesterone-3-CMO-125I-histamine tracer gave a standard curve having a slope of -0.97. The two antibodies developed against progesterone, viz., progesterone-11alpha-hemisuccinate-BSA and progesterone-3-CMO-BSA were characterized for their titre, sensitivity, and specificity. Considering the slope, sensitivity, cross-reactivity, and the quality of tracer, the assay system using antiserum against progesterone-11alpha-hemisuccinate-BSA and progesterone-3-CMO-125I-histamine was found to be suitable for the development of RIA for serum progesterone. The bridges used in an immunogen for production of antibodies, as well as in the preparation of tracer, have a great influence on the assay characteristics.     

Experimental studies on the effect of duodenal contents on the epithelium of the esophagus

10 male BD IX rats and 15 male and female Wistar rats weighing between 250 and 300 g had an esophago-jejunostomy according to the method described by Levrat et al. (1962). Four weeks after surgery all 40 animals were sacrificed and examined macroscopically as well as histologically. All animals had deep ulcerative lesions in the lower half of the esophagus associated with hyperplasia, hyperkeratosis and akanthosis.