精索静脉高位结扎术联合抗氧化剂治疗对精索静脉曲张不育症患者精液质量的影响

目的:探讨精索静脉高位结扎术联合抗氧化剂治疗精索静脉曲张不育症精子质量的影响。方法:对20例精索静脉曲张不育症患者应用精索静脉高位结扎术联合抗氧化进行治疗,术前和术后6个月分别检测精液常规及总抗氧化能力(TAC),并选择12例健康男性为对照组,观察术前精液常规及TAC与对照组的差异。结果:精索静脉曲张不育症患者在精液量,精子密度,精子活力和TAC水平均明显低于健康组,差异均有显著的统计学意义(P0.01);手术后精索静脉曲张不育Ⅱ°组和Ⅲ°组患者精液量、精子密度和精子活力及TAC水平明显提高,与手术前比较差异有明显的统计学意义(P0.05),术前少弱畸形精子综合征TAC水平明显低于少精子症和少弱精子症患者,差异有明显的统计学意义(P0.05),三组患者术后TAC水平明显升高,与治疗前比较差异具有明显的统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:氧化应激可能与精索静脉曲张发生不育症的发生密切相关,精索静脉高位结扎术联合抗氧化剂能明显提高精索静脉曲张不育症精子质量。     

五子衍宗丸加味治疗精索静脉曲张性不育肾虚血瘀证的临床研究

目的+探讨五子衍宗丸加味治疗精索静脉曲张性不育肾虚血瘀证的疗效。方法选取浙江大学医学院附属第二医院诊治的88例精索静脉曲张性不育患者作为研究对象。随机分为对照组44例和观察组44例。对照组采取显微精索静脉高位结扎术治疗。观察组在对照组基础上于术后1周给予五子衍宗丸加味治疗,1剂/d,2次/d,连续治疗3个月。比较两组精液指标(精子密度、精子活力、精子活率、精液液化时间)、精索静脉管径、肾虚血瘀证症状评分、临床疗效以及配偶妊娠率。结果治疗3个月后,观察组患者的精子密度、a级精子、精子活率显著高于对照组,精液液化时间和精索静脉管径明显低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.01);观察组治疗3个月后肾虚血瘀证症状(腰膝酸软、性功能减退、神疲肢倦、健忘、头晕耳鸣、少腹隐痛、舌质暗红且舌边尖有瘀点、脉涩)评分显著低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.01);观察组的总有效率为88.64%,明显高于对照组(68.18%),差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组治疗结束后随访6个月发现,观察组的配偶妊娠率为36.36%,显著高于对照组(15.91%),差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论在常规治疗基础上,五子衍宗丸加味治疗精索静脉曲张性不育肾虚血瘀证,可改善精液质量,缩窄曲张静脉管径,提高临床疗效和配偶妊娠率。     

显微镜下精索静脉结扎术联合麒麟丸对精索静脉曲张不育患者术后精液质量及血清INH B水平变化的影响

目的探讨显微镜下精索静脉结扎术联合麒麟丸对精索静脉曲张不育患者术后精液质量及血清抑制素B(INH B)水平变化的影响。方法选取2015年2月至2016年9月济南军区总医院收治的精索静脉曲张不育患者72例作为研究对象,随机数字表法分组,各36例。对照组采取显微镜下精索静脉结扎术,研究组采取显微镜下精索静脉结扎术+麒麟丸(共服用3个月)。统计两组临床疗效、精液质量(精液量、a+b级精子活力、精子密度、畸形精子所占比)、血清激素[INH B、睾酮(T)、黄体生成素(LH)、促卵泡激素(FSH)]水平,6个月～9个月后随访,统计两组配偶妊娠率。结果研究组总有效率(91.67%)较对照组(69.44%)高,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后两组精液量、a+b级精子活力、精子密度较治疗前增高,畸形精子所占比较治疗前降低,且研究组精液量、a+b级精子活力、精子密度较对照组高,畸形精子所占比较对照组低,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后两组血清INH B、T水平较治疗前增高,血清LH、FSH水平较治疗前降低,且研究组血清INH B、T水平较对照组高,血清LH、FSH水平较对照组低,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后6个月、9个月研究组配偶妊娠率(72.22%、77.78%)高于对照组(47.22%、55.56%),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论联合采取显微镜下精索静脉结扎术及麒麟丸治疗精索静脉曲张不育,可以有效改善患者精液质量及血清INH B等激素水平,提高治疗效果及配偶妊娠率。     

腹腔镜下精索静脉高位结扎术联合自拟中药汤剂治疗原发性精索静脉曲张并发不育症的效果观察

目的:探讨自拟中药汤剂以及腹腔镜下精索静脉高位结扎术联合治疗原发性精索静脉曲张并发不育症的效果。方法:选取我院泌尿外科于2014年2月至2016年7月期间收治的精索静脉曲张并发不育症患者60例,按照随机、平等的分配原则分成三组,A组采用中药汤剂以及精索静脉高位结扎术联合治疗,B组仅行精索静脉高位结扎术,C组单纯服用中药汤剂,分析与比较三组的改善精液质量总有效率和精液参数变化。结果:(1)经过3个月的治疗后,A组患者精液质量改善的总有效率为95.2%,B组的为68.0%,C组的为71.4%。(2)在a级和(a+b)级精子、精子存活率、精子密度比例方面,A组治疗后第3个月提高得十分明显(P<0.01);在检测a级精子、精子存活率、精子密度比例方面的结果,C组治疗后第3个月比治疗前良好(P<0.05);B组无明显改变。结论:腹腔镜下精索静脉高位结扎术联合自拟中药汤剂治疗原发性精索静脉曲张并发不育症患者,能提高精子活力以及存活率,对改善患者的精液质量有显著良好的效果,且预后恢复较快,值得临床推广使用。     

外环下精索静脉显微解剖结扎术治疗精索静脉曲张的有效性研究

目的:研究外环下精索静脉显微解剖结扎术治疗精索静脉曲张患者的可行性及有效性。方法:统计分析2011年3月至2013年3月我院泌尿男科收治的80例精索静脉曲张患者的临床资料。结果:研究组患者的手术时间显著短于对照组(P0.05),术后精子密度、精子活力及正常形态显著高于对照组(P0.05),畸形率显著低于对照组(P0.05),并发症发生率和复发率15.0%(1/40)、0(0),均显著低于对照组55.0%(22/40)、12.5%(5/40)(P0.05)。结论:外环下精索静脉显微解剖结扎术治疗精索静脉曲张患者能够显著缩短手术时间、提高精液质量、降低术后并发症发生率及复发率,安全可行。     

外环下显微外科精索静脉结扎术联合五子衍宗丸治疗精索静脉曲张不育症临床观察

目的:探讨外环下显微外科精索静脉结扎术联合五子衍宗丸对精索静脉曲张患者精液质量的影响。方法:精索静脉曲张患者110例,随机分为联合治疗组:外环下显微外科精索静脉结扎术后联合五子衍宗丸治疗(52例);药物组:五子衍宗丸治疗(58例)6g/次,2次/d。所有患者均随访12个月,观察治疗后精液参数、睾酮水平及配偶妊娠情况。结果:联合治疗组治疗后12个月精液参数(精子浓度、活力)及睾酮水平显著优于药物组(P<0.05)。治疗后12个月时联合治疗组妊娠率为44.2%,显著高于药物组(12.1%)(P<0.01)。结论:和五子衍宗丸相比,外环下显微外科精索静脉结扎联合五子衍宗丸可显著改善精索静脉曲张不育症患者精液参数,提高睾酮水平及妊娠率。     

显微镜下不同的手术方式治疗精索静脉曲张的效果分析

目的:分析显微镜下不同的手术方式治疗精索静脉曲张的效果。方法:选取2015年4月至2016年4月在新疆医科大学第一附属医院泌尿外科就诊的210例因精索静脉曲张导致不育的患者,选取其中左侧静脉曲张患者82例,将其随机分成两组,每组41例。对照组给予显微镜下经腹股沟精索静脉结扎术,观察组给予显微镜下经外环下精索静脉结扎术。观察并比较两组患者的手术时间,住院时间,切口疼痛评分,手术前后精子质量和相关分子生物学指标水平,术后并发症及随访情况。结果:观察组患者手术时间显著长于对照组患者,住院时间和切口疼痛评分显著低于对照组,其差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组患者术后的精子浓度、精子活力、精子活动率较术前相比均显著改善,其差异具有统计学意义(均P0.05);观察组患者的上述精液质量指标均高于对照组,其差异具有统计学意义(均P0.05)。两组患者术后精液中HSP70,血液中的去甲肾上腺素浓度均低于术前;血液中睾酮浓度均高于术前(均P0.05),观察组患者术后HSP70,去甲肾上腺素均低于对照组,血液中睾酮浓度高于对照组,其差异均具有统计学意义(均P0.05)。观察组患者并发症率4.9%低于对照组患者的19.5%,其差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组患者术后随访6～10个月,平均8个月,对照组3例(7.3%)复发,观察组无复发,其差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:显微镜下经外环下精索静脉结扎术治疗精索静脉曲张能显著改善患者精液质量,并降低HSP70,去甲肾上腺素的浓度,提高睾酮的浓度,具有较好的临床疗效。     

外环下显微外科精索静脉结扎术对精索静脉曲张患者精液质量的影响

目的:探讨外环下显微外科精索静脉结扎术对精索静脉曲张患者精液质量的影响,并观察和分析其安全性。方法:选择本院2012年10月至2014年3月精索静脉曲张患者104例,根据手术方法分为对照组51例和观察组53例,对照组患者采用腹腔镜下精索静脉结扎术,观察组患者采用外环下显微外科精索静脉结扎术。记录两组患者手术时间、出血量、术后住院天数,检测治疗前后精液质量及畸形率,观察术后并发症及复发状况。结果:观察组出血量和住院时间分别为(24.58±4.93)m L和(5.13±1.24)d,均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者治疗后精子数量、精子活力和精子活动率分别为(43.76±7.22)×106/m L、(48.66±5.93)%和(55.28±7.50)%,均高于对照组治疗后(34.53±5.28)×106/m L、(37.83±6.36)%和(52.15±7.12)%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者治疗后精子畸形率为(12.42±3.86)%,低于对照组治疗后(16.21±5.08)%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者不良反应及复发总计4例(7.55%),低于对照组10例(19.61%),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:外环下显微镜精索静脉结扎术创伤小、恢复较快,能够显著提高患者精子数量和质量,术中可有效保护睾丸动脉及淋巴管,减少术后并发症及复发率。     

局部麻醉下两种显微镜下精索静脉曲张手术方式疗效分析

目的:对比分析在局部麻醉下行显微镜两种精索静脉结扎手术方式治疗精索静脉曲张的疗效。方法:127例精索静脉曲张患者,其中73例接受了显微镜下在外环口单纯将精索内静脉结扎(A组),54例接受除精索内静脉结扎之外的提睾肌静脉、输精管静脉及引带静脉均游离并结扎(B组)。对两组手术时间、并发症发生情况以及术后精液分析改善情况进行对比分析。结果:A组手术时间(49±14)min,B组手术时间(68±9)min,手术时间比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);术后并发症两组比较,A组术后阴囊水肿2例,1例并发附睾炎,B组阴囊水肿8例,鞘膜积液5例,附睾炎3例,发生率差异有统计学意义(P0.05);两组术后均未复发。两组术后精子质量均有显著改善,A组术后精子计数(39.4±4.21)×10~6/mL、活率(59.05±4.32)%,B组术后精子计数(37.65±5.68)10~6/mL、活率(58.46±5.76)%,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:显微镜下精索内静脉低位结扎术治疗精索静脉曲张患者易于接受、术后并发症少,手术时间短,精子质量改善显著,优于显微镜下低位精索内静脉+其余静脉均结扎手术组。     

消癥煎治疗湿热瘀阻型精索静脉曲张伴少弱精子症的疗效及对睾丸微循环的影响

目的 观察消癥煎治疗精索静脉曲张伴少弱精子症的临床疗效及对睾丸微循环的影响,探讨其作用机制。方法 选取2021年1月至2022年1月河南省中医院诊治的92例精索静脉曲张(单纯左侧)伴少弱精子症患者作为研究对象。采用随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,每组46例。观察组给予消癥煎加减治疗,对照组给予迈之灵片治疗。连续治疗12周后,比较两组总有效率、精索静脉超声指标、睾丸动脉血流参数、精液质量及中医证候积分情况。结果 治疗后,两组平静呼吸时精索静脉最大内径(DR)、乏氏试验时最大内径(DV)、持续返流时间(TR)均较治疗前下降,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),但组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后,两组睾丸包膜动脉的收缩期峰值流速、阻力指数、搏动指数较治疗前减小,前向运动精子率(PR)、精子总活力[(PR+非前向运动精子率(NP)]、精子密度较治疗前提高,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),且治疗后组间比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组总有效率为83.61%(38/46),高于对照组的60.87%(28/46),差异具有统计学意义(P<...     

New fillers for the new man

ABSTRACT:  Two new collagen-based lidocaine-containing dermal fillers, ArteSense™/ArteFill™ (Artes Medical, San Diego, CA) and Evolence® (Colbar LifeScience Ltd., Herzliya, Israel), have proved to be of particular interest to men, many of whom seek a long-lasting or permanent correction. ArteFill™ has been available in the United States since 2006, and it is expected that Evolence® will reach the American market in 2008. The properties of the two products will be described, and experience based on the administration of many hundreds of syringes of both products by a Canadian dermatologist will be detailed here, with tips and precautions to optimize patient outcomes.     

Outcomes and adverse effects of ablative vs nonablative lasers for skin resurfacing: A systematic review of 1093 patients

It is generally believed that ablative laser therapies result in prolonged healing and greater adverse events when compared with nonablative lasers for skin resurfacing. To evaluate the efficacy of ablative laser use for skin resurfacing and adverse events as a consequence of treatment in comparison to other modalities, a PRISMA‐compliant systematic review (Systematic Review Registration Number: 204016) of twelve electronic databases was conducted for the terms “ablative laser” and “skin resurfacing” from March 2002 until July 2020. Studies included meta‐analyses, randomized control trials, cohort studies, and case reports to facilitate evaluation of the data. All articles were evaluated for bias. The search strategy produced 34 studies. Of 1093 patients included in the studies of interest, adverse events were reported in a total of 106 patients (9.7%). Higher rates of adverse events were described in nonablative therapies (12.2% ± 2.19%, 31 events) when compared with ablative therapy (8.28% ± 2.46%, 81 events). 147 patients (13.4%) reported no side effects, 68 (6.22%) reported expected, transient self‐resolving events, and five (0.046%) presented with hypertrophic scarring. Excluding transient events, ablative lasers had fewer complications overall when compared with nonablative lasers (2.56% ± 2.19% vs 7.48% ± 3.29%). This systematic review suggests ablative laser use for skin resurfacing is a safe and effective modality to treat a range of pathologies from photodamage and acne scars to hidradenitis suppurativa and posttraumatic scarring from basal cell carcinoma excision. Further studies are needed, but these results suggest that ablative lasers are a superior, safe, and effective modality to treat damaged skin.     

Genetic alterations in RAS‐regulated pathway in acral lentiginous melanoma

Studies integrating clinicopathological and genetic features have revealed distinct patterns of genomic aberrations in Melanoma. Distributions of BRAF or NRAS mutations and gains of several oncogenes differ among melanoma subgroups, while 9p21 deletions are found in all melanoma subtypes. In the study, status of genes involved in cell cycle progression and apoptosis was evaluated in a panel of 17 frozen primary acral melanomas. NRAS mutations were found in 17% of the tumors. In contrast, BRAF mutations were not found. Gains of AURKA gene (20q13.3) were detected in 37.5% of samples, gains of CCND1 gene (11q13) or TERT gene (5p15.33) in 31.2% and gains of NRAS gene (1p13.2) in 25%. Alterations in 9p21 were identified in 69% of tumors. Gains of 11q13 and 20q13 were mutually exclusive, and 1p13.2 gain was associated with 5p15.33. Our findings showed that alterations in RAS‐related pathways are present in 87.5% of acral lentiginous melanomas.     

Self‐resolving superficial primary cutaneous mucormycosis in a 7‐week‐old infant

A 7‐week‐old girl, born at 30 weeks' gestational age, presented to clinic for evaluation of a crop of vesicular lesions that were noted after removal of a bandage that had been in place for 4 days. A punch biopsy of the lesion revealed fungal elements that were later identified as Rhizopus spp. The lesion began to self‐resolve, and no further treatment was needed, with full resolution of the lesion by 1 month after presentation. Clinicians should be aware of the variable presentations of mucormycosis and consider fungal infection in the differential diagnosis when evaluating vulnerable patients with skin eruptions.     

Pathogenic role of IL-17 in psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder resulting from a complex network of cytokines and chemokines produced by various immune cell types and tissue cells. Emerging evidence suggests a central role of IL-17 and IL-23/T17 axis in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, giving a rationale for using IL-17-blocking agents as therapeutics.Three agents targeting IL-17 signaling are being studied in Phase III clinical trials: secukinumab and ixekizumab (IL-17 neutralizing agents), and brodalumab (IL-17 receptor antagonist). Preliminary results are highly promising for all anti-IL17 agents, creating fair expectations on this class of agents as the new effective therapeutic approach for the treatment of psoriasis.