D-半乳糖衰老大鼠抗氧化能力及血脂含量的观测

目的:观察D-半乳糖衰老大鼠抗氧化能力及血脂含量的变化.方法:D-半乳糖连续腹腔注射制作亚急性衰老的大鼠模型,检测大鼠血清中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)和高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)的含量.结果:衰老大鼠血清SOD活性下降、MDA水平升高,与正常大鼠相比有显著差异(P＜0.01);衰老大鼠血清中TC、TG的含量明显高于正常大鼠(P＜0.05,P＜0.01);模型大鼠血清中HDL-C的含量则明显低于正常大鼠(P＜0.05).结论:D-半乳糖衰老大鼠抗氧化能力下降、血脂代谢紊乱,这可能是D-半乳糖致衰老的作用机制之一.     

玉米黄质对D-半乳糖致衰老大鼠骨质的影响

目的研究玉米黄质对D-半乳糖致衰老大鼠骨质的影响。方法将45只6周龄Wistar雄性大鼠随机分为青年对照组、衰老模型组、玉米黄质组,每组15只,使用D-半乳糖对衰老模型组、玉米黄质组大鼠进行腹腔连续注射5个月,青年对照组腹腔注射等量生理盐水。另设16月龄正常雄性老年大鼠为正常老龄组。实验结束后称重麻醉,暴露腹部,下腔静脉取血,测量血清丙二醛(MDA)含量、血清钙、血清磷、血清碱性磷酸酶(ALP)及血中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性;分离各组大鼠的双侧股骨,测定骨长度、骨质量、骨密度、骨结构与生物力学指标以及骨钙、磷、锰、镁、羟脯氨酸含量、骨ALP活性,并比较组间差异。结果衰老模型组SOD活性、骨密度、骨结构力学参数(除张应力、韧性系数外)、生物力学参数、骨钙、镁、锰及羟脯氨酸含量均比青年对照组有显著降低(P<0.01),而血清MDA含量、骨磷含量、血钙、骨质量及血清ALP均比青年对照组显著升高(P<0.01)。与衰老模型组相比,玉米黄质组SOD活性、骨密度、骨结构力学参数、生物力学参数(除张应力、韧性系数外)、骨钙、镁、锰及羟脯氨酸含量升高(P<0.01),血清MDA含量、骨磷含量、血钙、骨质量及血清ALP活性降低(P<0.01)。结论长期大量摄入D-半乳糖导致大鼠衰老的同时可能诱发其发生骨质衰老变化,而玉米黄质可以延缓此类致老性骨质变化的发生。     

CHANGES OF SOD, MDA CONTENT IN TESTIS AND SERUM TESTOSTERONE CONTENT OF AGING RATS

目的:观察D-半乳糖致亚急性衰老大鼠和自然衰老大鼠睾丸组织SOD、MDA和血清睾酮含量的变化.方法:D-半乳糖连续腹腔注射建立亚急性衰老大鼠模型,并以自然衰老大鼠和正常大鼠作为对照,分别检测各组大鼠睾丸组织SOD、MDA的含量,放射免疫法检测血清睾酮含量.结果:与正常组大鼠比较,模型组和自然衰老组大鼠血清睾酮含量、睾丸组织SOD含量明显降低,睾丸组织MDA含量明显升高(P＜0.01);三个指标模型组和自然衰老组比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论:衰老大鼠睾丸抗氧化能力明显降低,睾丸间质细胞分泌睾酮的功能发生障碍,且D-半乳糖致衰老模型是自然衰老的很好再现.     

四君子汤对衰老大鼠抗氧化功能的影响

目的:观察四君子汤对D-半乳糖所致亚急性衰老大鼠抗氧化功能的影响,探讨四君子汤延缓衰老作用.方法:wistar大鼠分成4组,每组10只,制备D-半乳糖亚急性衰老大鼠模型,各组大鼠灌胃相应剂量的四君子汤或生理盐水;6周后,测定大鼠血清、脑组织、肝脏SOD、GSH-Px和MDA含量.结果:模型组与正常组比较,SOD和GSH-Px活性均显著下降(P＜0.01),MDA含量则显著升高(P＜0.01);四君子汤比较模型组,可明显提高SOD、GSH-Px水平(P＜0.01或P＜0.05),同时使MDA含量明显降低(P＜0.01或P＜0.05).结论:四君子汤可增强衰老大鼠机体抗氧化功能,发挥廷缓衰老作用.     

衰老大鼠海马单胺类神经递质含量的变化

目的:观察D-半乳糖衰老大鼠学习记忆能力及海马单胺类神经递质含量的变化.方法:D-半乳糖连续腹腔注射制作亚急性衰老的大鼠模型,采用Morris水迷宫检测各组大鼠的空间学习记忆能力、高效液相色谱-电化学法检测各组大鼠海马单胺类神经递质去甲肾上腺素(NE)、多巴胺(DA)、5-羟色胺(5-HT)的含量.结果:D-半乳糖衰老大鼠空间学习记忆能力明显下降,模型大鼠在90秒内穿过原平台位置的次数和在原平台象限探索时间占总时间的百分比与正常大鼠相比明显下降(P＜0.01);衰老大鼠海马NE、DA、5-HT的含量明显降低(与正常大鼠相比P＜0.01).结论:D-半乳糖衰老大鼠学习记忆能力及海马单胺类神经递质含量下降,这可能是D-半乳糖致衰老的作用机制之一.     

何首乌颗粒抗自由基作用的实验研究

目的:探讨何首乌颗粒(Heshouwu Granule,HG)延缓衰老的作用机制.方法:D-半乳糖连续腹腔注射制作亚急性衰老大鼠模型,检测大鼠血清中SOD的活性以及MDA的含量.结果:D-半乳糖致亚急性衰老大鼠血清SOD活性下降、MDA水平升高,与正常组大鼠比较差异显著(P＜0.01);经何首乌颗粒灌胃后,SOD活性升高、MDA含量下降,与亚急性衰老大鼠比较有明显差异(P＜0.01).结论:何首乌颗粒可显著提高亚急性衰老大鼠血清SOD活性及降低MDA含量,这些作用可能是何首乌颗粒延缓衰老的作用机制之一.     

衰老大鼠下丘脑单胺类神经递质含量的变化

目的:观察D-半乳糖衰老大鼠下丘脑单胺类神经递质含量的变化.方法:D-半乳糖连续腹腔注射制作亚急性衰老的大鼠模型,采用高效液相色谱-电化学法检测各组大鼠下丘脑单胺类神经递质去甲肾上腺素(NE)、多巴胺(DA)、5-羟色胺(5-HT)的含量.结果:D-半乳糖衰老大鼠下丘脑NE、DA、5-HT的含量明显降低(与正常大鼠相比P＜0.01).结论:D-半乳糖衰老大鼠脑单胺类神经递质含量下降,这可能是D-半乳糖致衰老的作用机制之一.     

衰老大鼠睾丸组织SOD、MDA和血清睾酮含量的变化

目的:观察D-半乳糖致亚急性衰老大鼠和自然衰老大鼠睾丸组织SOD、MDA和血清睾酮含量的变化。方法:D-半乳糖连续腹腔注射建立亚急性衰老大鼠模型,并以自然衰老大鼠和正常大鼠作为对照,分别检测各组大鼠睾丸组织SOD、MDA的含量,放射免疫法检测血清睾酮含量。结果:与正常组大鼠比较,模型组和自然衰老组大鼠血清睾酮含量、睾丸组织SOD含量明显降低,睾丸组织MDA含量明显升高(P0.01);三个指标模型组和自然衰老组比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:衰老大鼠睾丸抗氧化能力明显降低,睾丸间质细胞分泌睾酮的功能发生障碍,且D-半乳糖致衰老模型是自然衰老的很好再现。     

松花粉对D-半乳糖衰老大鼠肝脏抗氧化能力的影响

目的:探讨松花粉对D-半乳糖衰老大鼠肝脏抗氧化能力的影响.方法:D-半乳糖连续腹腔注射制作亚急性衰老的大鼠模型,采用生物化学方法检测各组大鼠肝组织匀浆中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)的活力以及总抗氧化能力(T-AOC).结果:D-半乳糖衰老大鼠SOD活力、GSH-PX活力和T-AOC均明显下降,与正常大鼠比较差异显著(P＜0.01);松花粉灌胃给药后SOD活力、GSH-PX活力和总抗氧化能力均显著提高;松花粉的效果好于VE(P＜0.01).结论:松花粉可显著提高亚急性衰老大鼠肝脏抗氧自由基的能力,具有一定延缓衰老的作用.     

六味地黄汤对快速衰老小鼠认知功能及Wnt3a、GSK-3β表达的影响

目的 研究六味地黄汤对D-半乳糖(D-gal)致快速衰老小鼠认知功能及Wnt3a、GSK-3β表达的影响.方法 以500 mg/(kg·d)的D-半乳糖颈部皮下注射复制快速衰老小鼠模型,将动物随机分为正常组,模型组,六味地黄(简称六味)高、中、低剂量组,VitE组,给予相应干预,历时8周.观察小鼠的体质量变化,采用Morris水迷宫实验评价小鼠的认知功能,免疫组化法、RT-qPCR法检测Wnt3a、GSK-3β的表达.结果 六味地黄汤对快速衰老小鼠体质量及水迷宫实验的影响:模型组与正常组比较,差异具有显著统计学意义(P＜0.01);各用药组与模型组比较,差异具有显著统计学意义(P＜0.01);六味高剂量组与其他用药组比较,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05);六味地黄汤对快速衰老小鼠认知功能及Wnt3a、GSK-3β表达的影响:模型组与正常组比较,差异具有显著统计学意义(P＜0.01),各用药组与模型组比较,差异具有显著统计学意义(P＜0.01),六味高剂量组与其他用药组比较,差异具有显著统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论 六味地黄汤可以有效改善D-半乳糖致快速衰老小鼠的学习记忆障碍;增加衰老小鼠Wnt3a的表达,激活Wnt信号通路,下调GSK-3p的表达可能是六味地黄汤延缓衰老健脑益智的作用机制.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.