含1，3，4-噻二唑的5-氟尿嘧啶衍生物的合成及其抗肿瘤活性

目的 制备低毒、高抗瘤活性的N<,1>-乙酰氨基-(5-烃基/芳基-1,3,4-噻二唑-2-基)-5-氟尿嘧啶衍生物.方法 以5-氟尿嘧啶为原料,在氢氧化钾的作用下与氯乙酸反应后,与合成的中间体2-氨基-5-取代-1,3,4-噻二唑反应制得目标物,并评价其抗肿瘤活性.结果 和结论 合成了7个未见文献报道的目标物3 a～3 g,并用<'1>HNMR、HRMS、IR确认了结构;目标化合物3 d、3 f和3 g有较好的抗肿瘤活性.     

1-苯基-1-苯并呋喃/噻吩甲烯基环烷烃衍生物的合成及抗肿瘤活性研究

目的：设计合成1-苯基-1-苯并呋喃/噻吩甲烯基环烷烃衍生物,测定其体外抗肿瘤活性。方法以甲氧基取代的2-羟基苯甲醛或苯乙酮（4a~4c）为起始原料,经缩合、Mcmurry偶联反应得到目标化合物2a~2c;以2-羟基-4-甲氧基苯甲醛或苯乙酮（6a~6b）为起始原料,经酯化、重排、水解、缩合、Mcmurry偶联反应得到目标化合物3a~3b;采用四氮唑盐（ MTT）法测定对人白血病细胞活性。结果共合成5个衍生物,其结构均经核磁共振氢谱、碳谱和高分辨质谱确证;其中衍生物3a~3b的体外抗人白血病CEM细胞活性与先导物1相当,但低于考布他汀A-4（ CA-4）。结论采用苯并噻吩环取代先导物的B环能保持化合物的体外抗肿瘤活性。     

3-氧代齐墩果酸氨基酸偶联物的合成、水溶性的测定及抗肿瘤活性研究

目的设计合成3-氧代齐墩果酸氨基酸偶联物，并测试其水溶性和体外抗肿瘤活性。方法利用HPLC法测定具有代表性结构的偶联物的水溶性，并采用MTT法测试这些偶联物对KB和KB／V两种癌细胞的抑制活性。结果共合成9个新化合物，其结构经核磁共振氢谱和质谱确证。结论被测试的6个偶联物的水溶性与3-氧代齐墩果酸相比有不同程度的改善，水溶性大小顺序是5e〉5g〉5c〉5d〉5a〉5b和3-氧代齐墩果酸。初步体外抗肿瘤活性结果表明，水溶性较高的偶联物（5e，5g，se）仍保持抗肿瘤活性。     

美法仑-甘草次酸复合物的合成及其体外抗肿瘤活性研究

目的设计合成美法仑–甘草次酸复合物,并对其体内外抗肿瘤活性进行研究。方法以美法仑和18α-甘草次酸为原料,通过酯化、氧化、酰化和缩合反应制备目标化合物3a和3b,结构经元素分析、MS、1H-NMR确证,并采用MTT法对其体外抗肿瘤活性进行研究,同时考察了其对正常大鼠肝细胞BRL和小鼠成纤维细胞L929的细胞毒性。结果目标化合物3a、3b的体外抗肿瘤活性明显优于母体药物18α-甘草次酸和美法仑,且对正常细胞的毒性小于氮芥类药物美法仑。结论美法仑–甘草次酸复合物3a和3b抗肿瘤活性良好,具有开发成抗肿瘤候选药物的前景。     

吲哚美辛5-氟尿嘧啶甲酯的合成及抗肿瘤活性

目的合成吲哚美辛5-氟尿嘧啶甲酯,并对其体内外抗肿瘤活性进行评价。方法以5-氟尿嘧啶及吲哚美辛为主要原料,经2步反应合成目标化合物。应用Hela、HT1080、kB、Heps及Bel-7 402等5种肿瘤细胞系对吲哚美辛5-氟尿嘧啶甲酯体外抗肿瘤活性进行评价;选用小鼠肉瘤S180瘤株、肝癌H22瘤株和Lewis肺癌实体瘤3种瘤株为指标,对吲哚美辛5-氟尿嘧啶甲酯的体内抑瘤活性进行考察。结果经熔点测定及1H-NMR、MS及IR确证目标产物结构,产品收率为66%;吲哚美辛5-氟尿嘧啶甲酯的体外抗肿瘤作用很弱,但对于小鼠S180、H22及Lewis 3种实体瘤的抑制作用与5-氟尿嘧啶相近。结论吲哚美辛5-氟尿嘧啶甲酯为5-氟尿嘧啶的前体药物。     

白杨素衍生物的合成及其抗癌活性研究

目的　合成一系列白杨素衍生物并研究其体外抗肿瘤活性。方法　以白杨素为起始原料,通过醚化反应引入5- 溴水杨酸酯,合成6 个白杨素衍生物。然后采用MTT 法检测白杨素衍生物对人胃癌MGC-803 细胞、人肝癌HepG2 细胞的体外抗肿瘤活性。结果　化合物3a、3b、4b 抑制HepG2 的IC50 值高于白杨素,化合物2a、2b、4a 抑制HepG2 的IC50 值低于白杨素,其中化合物2a、4a 的IC50 值低于阳性对照药5- 氟尿嘧啶。化合物3a 抑制MGC-803 细胞的IC50 值低于白杨素和阳性对照药5- 氟尿嘧啶。结论　合成的白杨素衍生物均经过1H NMR,MS 确证。目标化合物2a 对HepG2 细胞具有较强抑制作用,化合物3a 对MGC-803 细胞具有较好的抑制作用,抑制作用均较阳性对照药物5- 氟尿嘧啶强。     

1-苯胺基-5H-哒嗪并[4,5-b]吲哚类化合物的合成及体外抗肿瘤活性

目的设计并合成1-苯胺基-5H-哒嗪并[4,5-b]吲哚类化合物,评价其体外抗肿瘤活性。方法以5-乙酰氧基-6-溴-2-溴甲基-1-环丙基-1H-吲哚-3-羧酸乙酯为起始原料,经8～9步反应合成目标化合物;采用MTT法,测定了目标化合物对肿瘤细胞株Bel-7402和HT-1080的抑制活性。结果与结论合成了12个新化合物,其结构经1H-NMR和MS确证;多个化合物显示出良好的抗肿瘤活性,化合物10a和10d活性突出,对肿瘤细胞株Bel-7402和HT-1080的抑制活性分别是阳性对照药gefitinib的4倍和5倍,值得进一步研究。     

1-烷基-5-氨基-6-苯乙基尿嘧啶的合成

研究1-烷基-5-氨基-6-苯乙基尿嘧啶（1a，1b）方便、高产率的合成方法，此类化合物有可能作为非核苷类HIV-1RT抑制剂。以6-甲基尿嘧啶（2）为起始物，经硝化、烷基化、苄基化及一锅反应脱苄基及还原反应等合成目标化合物，并用NMR、MS、IR、Anal鉴定化合物结构。探索出了一种合成1-烷基-5氨基-6-苯乙基尿嘧啶类化合物的方便方法。首次于用3或4步反应、高产率合成了1-烷基-5-氨基-6-苯乙基尿嘧啶（1a，1b）并发现化合物1a有中度抗HIV-1RT的活性（IC50=29μM）。     

2-甲基-2-取代-7-羟基-2,3-二氢-4H-1-苯骈吡喃-4-酮及其

目的:对自行设计的抗真菌先导化合物进行衍生物合成和抗真菌活性研究,以验证设计思想,检验模建结果的可靠性。方法:设计合成18个化合物,所有目标化合物经元素分析、1HNMR谱和红外光谱确证,部分化合物还进一步用13CNMR谱、MSEI谱和高分辨质谱确证。用8种人类致病真菌对所有目标化合物测试体外最小抑菌浓度值。结果:合成的18个化合物中,14个(JS1b～d,JS2a～d,JS3a～b,JS4a～d和JS5c)为新化合物。结论:对所合成的化合物进行抗真菌活性测试,结果表明设计合成的衍生物的抗真菌活性变化规律与设计思想吻合,从配体角度验证了模建的靶酶三维结构的可靠性,检测了活性位点力场的分布。     

基于反向找靶的3-芳基-5-芳甲酰胺基吡唑-4-乙酰胺衍生物的设计合成及抗肿瘤活性研究

目的运用Discovery Studio 2018软件的反向找靶功能,对设计的一类3-芳基-5-芳甲酰胺基吡唑-4-乙酰胺衍生物进行药物潜在靶点预测和筛选。方法以取代的苯甲酸甲酯为起始原料,经过亲核加成-消除、亲核取代、缩合等四步反应得到目标化合物。根据靶点筛选结果,用MTT法对其体外抗肿瘤活性进行初步筛选。结果与结论共合成了10个目标化合物,均为新化合物,其结构经~1H-NMR、~(13)C-NM R及HRMS谱确证。化合物5a～5h均具有一定的抗肿瘤活性,其中化合物5h的活性最佳,对人骨肉瘤细胞Saos-2和U-2 OS的抗增殖活性的IC_(50)值分别是1. 3μmol·L~(-1)和0. 9μmol·L~(-1)。     

From a classic approach in cancer chemotherapy towards differentiation therapy: acyclic and cyclic seven-membered 5-fluorouracil O,N-acetals

Novel derivatives of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) possessing a broader spectrum of antitumor activity and fewer toxic side effects than 5-FU have been sought. Herein, we report three different types of 5-FU O,N-acetals: a) a novel class of 5-fluorouracil-containing acyclonucleosides. The antitumor activities of such compounds were assessed against HEp human cells showing that (RS)-1-?[3-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-1-cyclopentoxy]propyl?-5-fluorouracil 3c is 4-fold more active than 5-FU. (RS)-1-?[3-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-1-isopropoxy]propyl?-5-fluorouracil 3b has important potential advantages over 5-FU because of its lower toxicity and its ability to induce myogenic differentiation in rhabdomyosarcoma cells. Our results suggest that this drug may be useful for differentiation therapy in this type of tumor; b) within the cyclic prodrugs of 5-FU, a series of new ring-expanded isosteres (1,4-oxaheteroepanes) of Ftorafur were synthesized. The level of diastereoselectivity in the preparation of cis and trans 1-(3-chloromethyl)-1,4-dioxepan-5-yl)-5-fluorouracil, although modest, suggests a potentially general approach for controlling the stereochemistry of this unexplored class of reactions involving the preparation of 5-FU seven-membered O,N-acetals; c) new 5-FU acyclic analogs containing two 5-FU moieties at both ends of the molecules with a linker having two amide bonds have been designed and synthesized. These bis(5-FU-O,N-acetals) show interesting antineoplastic activities against the HT-29 cell line.     

Antitumor and antimicrobial activities of some hetero aromatic benzofurans derived from naturally occurring visnagin

Bromination of visnaginone (1) yielded the dibromo derivative (2), which upon methylation with methyl iodide gave 1-(2,7-dibromo-4,6-dimethoxybenzofuran-5-yl) ethanone (3). Compound (3) reacted with dimethylformamide dimethylacetal to give (4). The reaction of (3) with aromatic aldehydes namely (vanillin, benzaldehyde and 3-anisaldehyde) in ammonium acetate, malononitrile and/or butyric cyanoanhydride gave the 2-amino substituted nicotinonitriles (5a-c) and the 2-hydroxyl substituted nicotinonitriles (7a-c), respectively, while in piperidine gave (E)-1-(2,7-dibromo-4,6-dimethoxybenzofuran-5-yl)-3-(substituted)prop-2-en-l-one (11a-c). (5a) was hydrolyzed with sulfuric acid on cold to give the nicotinic acid derivative (6a). When compound (3) reacted with hydrazines and aromatic amines, it gave the Schiff bases (8a,b) and (10a,b), respectively. (8b) reacted with thioglycolic acid to give the thiazolidin-4-one (9b). When (11a-c) reacted with thiourea, it gave the pyrimidine derivatives (12a-c). (11a,b) also reacted with butyric cyanoanhydride and hydroxylamine hydrochloride to give (13a,b) and (15a,b), respectively. When the carboxylate (13a) was treated with 2,4-dinitroaniline, it gave the carboxamide (14a). Compounds (11b,c) reacted with hydrazine derivatives (hydrazine hydrate and phenylhydrazine) yielding the substituted pyrazole derivatives (16b,c) and (17b,c), respectively. All the structures of the synthesized compounds were elucidated by elemental analyses and spectral data. The newly synthesized benzofuran compounds showed a strong to moderate cytotoxicity against liver HEPG2 cancer cell line compared to 5-fluorouracil and doxorubicin (the anticancer agents). Compounds (2, 6a, 13a, 14a, 16c and 17b) were the most active compounds in descending order. The synthesized compounds were also tested for their antimicrobial activity. Compound (10b) showed the highest activity against all the tested strains followed by 6, 10a, 5a, 8b and 7a in descending order.     

含有替加氟的卵磷脂类似物设计、合成及抗癌活性

目的合成含有替加氟的以卵磷脂类似物作载体的缀合物,并测定其生物活性。方法将替加氟转化为羟烷基衍生物,六乙基亚磷酰三胺作磷酰化试剂,与羟烷基替加氟、1-十六烷基甘油及硫作用,经一锅法合成得到环甘油硫代磷脂羟烷基替加氟缀合物,通过三乙胺对环甘油硫代磷脂替加氟缀合物开环得到标题产物。结果得到新化合物9个(2a～c,3a～c,4a～c),其结构经IR,NMR和元素分析确证。结论体外活性测定表明,化合物4a对人体膀胱癌细胞的抑制效果比替加氟好。     

Biological evaluation and structure-activity relationships of bis-(3-aryl-3-oxo-propyl)-methylamine hydrochlorides and 4-aryl-3-arylcarbonyl-1-methyl-4-piperidinol hydrochlorides as potential cytotoxic agents and their alkylating ability towards cellular glutathione in human leukemic T cells

Various bis (3-aryl-3-oxo-propyl)methylamine hydrochlorides 1 and their corresponding structural and non-classical isomers 4-aryl-3-arylcarbonyl-1-methyl-4-piperidinols 3 were evaluated against human leukemic T (Jurkat) cells and found to possess significant cytotoxicity. Among the series 1 (bis-Mannich bases) and 3 (corresponding piperidinols), compounds la, 1c and 1e showed cytotoxic potency which was approximately 1.6, 3.7 and 3.4 times that of the reference drug 5-fluorouracil, respectively. Except for compound 1d, conversion of bis-Mannich bases to their corresponding piperidinols 3a, 3b and 3e lowered the potency. Besides chloro derivative 1d, bis-Mannich bases displayed greater cytotoxicity compared with their mono-Mannich bases, series 5. Representative bis-Mannich bases (1a, 1e) and piperidinols (3a, 3e) decreased the glutathione level of Jurkat cells. Molecular modeling was utilized in order to evaluate whether the shape, size, critical volume, solvent accessible area and partition coefficient of the different compounds had contributed to the varying potencies observed. Bis-Mannich bases 1a, 1c and 1e may serve as candidate anticancer agents for future development.     

Synthesis of beta-hydroxypropanoic acid derivatives as potential anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antimicrobial agents

A series of new 3-(substituted) 3-hydroxy-propanoic acid ethyl esters 1a-c, hydrazides 2a-c, thiosemicarbazides 3a-f, and semicarbazides 3g, 3h has been synthesized. Cyclization of compounds 3a-d in basic medium yielded 1,2,4-triazole-5-thiones 4a-d. On the other hand, reaction of hydrazides 2a-c with CS(2 )in basic medium afforded 1,3,4-oxadiazole-5-thiones 5a-c. All the synthesized compounds were characterized by their physical and spectral analyses data. The newly synthesized compounds were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antimicrobial activities. Compounds 1c, 3g, 4a, 4b, 4c, and 5c exhibited comparable anti-inflammatory activity to that of indomethacin and compounds 1c, 4c, and 5c were more analgesics than acetyl salicylic acid. Compounds 4b, 4c, and 5c showed superior GI safety profile (33.3%, 33.3% and 50.0% ulceration) than that of indomethacin (100% ulceration) at 100 mg/kg oral dose. Compounds 4b, 4c, and 5c were also non-toxic with a median lethal dose (LD(50)) up to 200 mg/kg. The antibacterial and antifungal screenings identified compounds 3c, 4b, 4d, 5a, and 5b as the most effective against a variety of tested microorganisms.     

Fluorinated pyrimidine nucleosides. 4. Synthesis and antitumor testing of a series of 2',5'-dideoxy- and 2',3',5'-trideoxynucleosides of 5-fluorouracil

Dideoxy- and trideoxynucleosides of 5-fluorouracil have been synthesized for antitumor evaluation. 2',5'-Dideoxy-5-fluorouridine (3) was prepared from 2'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine (1) by iodination using methyltriphenoxyphosponium iodide, followed by catalytic reduction. 1-(2',5'-Dideoxy-beta-D-threo-pentofuranosyl)5-fluorouracil (4) was prepared from 3 by mesylation, followed by alkaline hydrolysis. 2',3',5'-Trideoxy-5-fluorouridine (13), a methyl homologue of Ftorafur (17), was synthesized by two routes: Treatment of the 3'-mesylate 8 with potassium tert-butoxide yielded the 2',3'-unsaturated derivative 12, which on hydrogenation yielded 13. Alternatively, treatment of 1 with a large excess of methyltriphenoxyphosphonium iodide produced several products, including two 3'-epimeric diiodo compounds (14 and 15), each of which could be hydrogenated to 13. The major product from this iodination reaction was characterized 3-(2',3'-anhydro-2',5'-dideoxy-5'-iodo-beta-D-threo-pentofuranosyl)-5-fluorouracil (5), presumably produced by rearrangement of the corresponding 1-isomer 9. The dideoxy compounds 3 and 4, as well as the trideoxy compound 13, were tested against sarcoma 180 in mice in comparison with 5-flourouracil, FUDR (1), and Ftorafur (17).     

Analgesic narcotic antagonists. 5. 7,7-Dimethyldihydrocodeinones and 7,7-dimethyldihydromorphinones

Treatment of dihydrocodeinone (1a) or the 8 beta-methyl (1b) or 8 beta-ethyl (1c) analogues with formaldehyde-Ca(OH)2 in aqueous dioxane gave the corresponding 7,7-bis(hydroxymethyl)-6 beta-ols 2a-c. Ditosylation of 2, followed by LiEt3BH reduction, gave either the 7,7-dimethyl-6 beta-ol (6a) or 7 alpha-methyl-6 beta, 7 beta-oxetane compounds (5b,c). Compounds 5b and 5c were cleaved to 6b or 6c using LiAlH4-AlCl3. The configuration of the C6-alcohol group of 6a was confirmed by an oxidation-reduction sequence which gave the 7,7-dimethyl-5 alpha-ol 8a. Oxidation of 6 gave the C6-ketones 7a-c, which were converted to N-(cycloalkylmethyl) derivatives 11 and 12 and their corresponding 3-hydroxy compounds 14 and 15. The 3-methoxy-7,7-dimethyl-6-ones 7 were as active as dihydrocodeinone in agonist assays. One compound of this series, N-(cyclopropylmethyl)-7,7-dimethyldihydronorcodeinone (11a), was a potent mixed agonist-narcotic antagonist.     

Thiophenes,Pyrazolothiophenes and Pyrimidinothiophenes as Pesticides

Several derivatives of 2-amino-3-ethoxycarbonylthiophenes are prepared, of which 3,6 and 8 act as a precursor for syntheses of the pyrazolothiophenes 5,7 and 9 . The structures of these compounds are confirmed by spectral studies and the indirect synthesis of 10c by diazotisation of 1c and coupling with 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone. The condensation of 1 with 3H-methyl-5-nitro-6-chlorouracil gave 2a, b, c . Reaction of 1c with various acid chlorides and of 1b, c with methyl/phenylisothiocyanate yielded 11c and 12b, c respectively.     

Synthesis and evaluation of antileukemic activity of 5-thienyl- or 5-(2-furyl)-2,3-dihydro-6,7-bis(hydroxymethyl)-1H-pyrrolizine bis(alkylcarbamates) and derivatives

Treatment of N-(2-furoyl)proline or N-thenoylprolines and N-(2-thenoyl)thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid with acetic anhydride and dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate gave 5-substituted derivatives of dimethyl 2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizine-6,7-dicarboxylate and derivatives of dimethyl 5-(2-thienyl)pyrrolo[1,2-c]thiazole. Reduction of 2 with lithium aluminum hydride gave the diols 3a, 3b, 3c and 3d. These diols yielded the corresponding diacetates 4 by treatment with acetic anhydride. The bis(methylcarbamates) 5a, 5b, 5c, and 5d and bis(isopropylcarbamates) 6b and 6c are obtained with the appropriate isocyanates. The 1-substituted pyrrolizines were synthesized, the 1-acetoxy compounds 7b and 7c further transformed into 1-hydroxy and 1-oxo analogues. The action of hydrochloric acid on 1-acetoxy derivatives gave 3H-pyrrolizines. Evaluation of antileukemic activity was investigated on the leukemia L1210 in vivo, on several bis(alkylcarbamates). The compounds 5c and 5d show good antileukemic activity comparable with the mitomycin.