维持治疗期白血病儿童生存质量及其影响因素分析

目的 分析白血病儿童维持治疗期生存质量,探讨对儿童生存质量形成影响的因素。方法 选择2016年5月至2018年5月郑州大学附属儿童医院维持治疗期白血病儿童112例,通过生存质量量表对患儿生存质量进行评价,通过单因素以及多因素分析探讨对生存质量存在影响的因素。结果 年龄、家庭教养方式、居住地与儿童白血病生存质量存在相关性(P 0. 05)。结论 多种因素都会影响维持治疗期白血病儿童生存质量,通过给予针对性的干预,帮助患儿社会适应能力逐渐提升,帮助患儿能够更快回归正常生活。     

视功能生存质量评价量表

视功能生存质量指标是评价眼科治疗和服务的有力工具,可以提供临床指标不能反应的信息,文章对视功能生存质量评价的意义,视功能生存质量量表的内容,量表的考核、量表资料的收集,量表结果的整理以及视功能生存质量量表的应用进行了综述.     

诺丁汉健康量表对恶性肿瘤患者生存质量的评估

诺丁汉健康量表(NHP)量表由两部分组成,第1部分包括38个条目,分为6个维度,即躯体活动、精力、疼痛、睡眠、社会联系与情感反应,第2部分包括工作、照料家庭、社会生活、家庭生活、性生活、爱好与兴趣、度假等7方面。该量表是国际上公认的信度、效度、敏感度均较好的生存质量量表,在恶性肿瘤患者的生存质量研究中有较为广泛的应用,可以评价患者的生存质量,研究影响生存质量的因素以提高患者的生存质量,也可以研究恶性肿瘤患者的预后及评价治疗措施等。     

卵巢癌术后病人生存质量研究现状

介绍生存质量的定义及研究卵巢癌病人生存质量的目的、意义,阐述卵巢癌病人生存质量的研究工具及不同时期卵巢癌病人的生存质量。指出我国对卵巢癌病人生存质量的研究主要集中在病人生存质量或其影响因素的研究和提高病人生存质量的干预措施两方面,对出院后相关随访研究、病人并发症发生情况及生活信心等方面研究较少,同时对术后病人生存质量的研究方法较局限且样本量有限。我国对卵巢癌病人生活质量评价工具多采用国外量表汉化版,缺乏适合我国国情的生存质量评价工具。同时,除心理干预、支持性护理、自我管理及依从性研究外,还应针对其他生存质量可控性影响因素进行多维度护理干预,以帮助卵巢癌病人提高生存质量。     

视功能生存质量评价量表

视功能生存质量指标是评价眼科治疗和服务的有力工具，可以提供临床指标不能反应的信息，章对视功能生存质量评价的意义，视功能生存质量量表的内容，量表的考核、量表资料的收集，量表结果的整理以及视功能生存质量量表的应用进行了综述。     

儿童生存质量测定量表PedsQL3.0心脏病模块中文版的信度和效度分析

背景:心脏病患儿的生存质量受到越来越多的关注,但是国内缺少相关的研究报道.缺乏适合的量表是主要原因之一.目的:考察儿童生存质量量表PedsQL3.0心脏病模块中文版的信度和效度.方法:采用国际通用的量表翻译改造程序,将英文版的儿童生存质量测定量表PedsQL3.0心脏病模块翻译改造成中文.并将中文版量表运用于广州市3家三级甲等医院的310例门诊部或住院部的心脏病患儿及其家长.分析量表的可行性、内部一致性、内容效度、结构效度等.结果与结论:父母和患儿共发放480份问卷,回收462分,答卷的条目缺失率低于1%;除5～7岁患儿自评问卷的感知身体外貌维度的Cronbach's α系数为0.35外,其他量表各个方面的Cronbach'sα系数为0.66～0.94;量表的各条目与其所属方面和领域之间相关较强,而与其他方面和领域相关较弱;证实性因子分析结果表明因子结构与量表的理论结构一致.结果提示PedsQL3.0心脏病模块中文版的信度和效度良好,可以应用于中国心脏病儿童生存质量的研究.     

癫痫儿童生存质量自评量表的编译及其信度、效度检验

目的：编译癫痫儿童生存质量自评量表；检验该量表的信度和效度，初步建立中文版癫痫儿童生存质量自评量表。方法：①首先对量表进行翻译及回译，然后进行文化调适，再作预测试；②通过对32例癫痫儿童的生存质量进行测评，检验中文版癫痫儿童生存质量自评量表的信度和效度。结果：①经对原量表翻译及回译，核心工作组的修改，预测试等步骤而定稿为中文版癫痫儿童生存质量自评量表；②该量表的信度检验显示．量表总分及其4个因子的重测相关系数大于0．7；量表总分及其4个因子的Cronbacha系数大于0．7；③效度检验显示，该量表具有较好的内容效度；结构效度也较好。结论：中文版癫痫儿童生存质量自评量表的信度、效度较好，达到了心理测量学的要求．适用于中国儿童。     

诺丁汉健康量表对恶性肿瘤患者生存质量的评估

诺丁汉健康量表（NHP）量表由两部分组成，第1部分包括38个条目，分为6个维度，即躯体活动、精力、疼痛、睡眠、社会联系与情感反应，第2部分包括工作、照料家庭、社会生活、家庭生活、性生活、爱好与兴趣、度假等7方面。该量表是国际上公认的信度、效度、敏感度均较好的生存质量量表，在恶性肿瘤患的生存质量研究中有较为广泛的应用，可以评价患的生存质量，研究影响生存质量的因素以提高患的生存质量，也可以研究恶性肿瘤患的预后及评价治疗措施等。     

2型糖尿病病人生存质量评估量表研究进展

应用于2型糖尿病生存质量研究的量表主要有普适量表及专用量表,普适量表包括健康状况问卷(SF-36)、世界卫生组织生存质量量表(WHOQOL-100)、世界卫生组织生存质量测定量表简表(WHOQOL-BREF)、诺丁汉健康量表(NHP)和症状自评量表(SCL-90);专用量表包括糖尿病生存质量量表(DQOL)、DIMS、2型糖尿病病人生存质量量表(DMQLS)、糖尿病控制状况评价量表(CSSD70)、糖尿病病人自我效能量表(SSFDM)。中医理论指导下普适量表包括中华生存质量量表(CH-QOL)。提出,在此基础上可结合临床制定2型糖尿病生存质量特异性量表,为制定糖尿病生存质量中医评价体系奠定基础。     

肺癌病人生存质量研究进展

从生存质量评价内容及常用的量表以及生存质量评价在肺癌临床研究中的应用方面综述了肺癌病人生存质量研究现状，并简述了影响肺癌病人生存质量的因素及生存质量在肺癌病人护理研究中存在的问题。     

Analysis of the Concept of Quality of Life

ABSTRACT. Nurses provide the constant human care that can make the difference between a life that is valuable to the last and a life that ends in humiliation, deprivation and suffering. Nurses, therefore, more than other health professionals, need a deep and reflective view of patients' value and quality of life. In this paper the concept of quality of life is analysed from a philosophical and scientific perspective. Quality of life in connection with treatment of a disease has its roots in the philosophical conception of the value of human life in general. Characteristics such as happiness, physical activity and interpersonal relations are what give life value and meaning. From the scientific viewpoint, it seems difficult to define the concept, given its multidimensional characteristics. However, the analysis indicates a growing interest among health-professionals to develop scientific intersubjectivity of the concept in terms of measurable parameters.     

生存质量及其相关观念

本文介绍了生存质量的含义和主要内容,并对其相关概念作了详细的阐述,它们包括健康、健康状态、健康相关生存质量、功能状态、情绪、症状等.了解这些概念有助于加深我们对生存质量的理解,并更好地在临床工作中加以运用.     

Impact of urinary incontinence on sexual quality of life in Portuguese adults

Urinary incontinence (UI) is a symptom of an underlying disorder with a high prevalence, constituting an important public health problem due to its physical, psychological and social consequences. The impact it has on the individuals' quality of life is revealed in their daily activities, self‐perception, socialization, emotional health and in their sexual life. The objective of this study is to analyse the impact of incontinence on the sexual quality of life, identifying the role of the variables: gender, duration and severity of incontinence, impact of incontinence on the quality of life and type of incontinence. The sample was composed by 55 patients (54·05% male and 45·5% female) from health facilities, in Lisbon, with a mean age of 55 years, who answered a set of questionnaires, which included: the Incontinence Impact Questionnaire (IIQ‐7); the Urogenital Distress Inventory (UDI‐6); the Questionnaire on Sexual Quality of Life, male and female versions (SQoL‐F/SQoL‐M) and a sociodemographic questionnaire. The results indicate that UI has a negative impact on the sexual quality of life in general, especially if the incontinence symptoms endure for a long period of time; also the impact of UI on social relationships, and the stress UI has a significant and negative impact on the sexual quality of life. In this study, UI has a negative impact on sexual life compounded by restrictions and other negative consequences of living with urinary leakage. The authors conclude that further research is required to ascertain the full impact of UI on sexual quality of life. Finally, implications for nurses are also discussed: in addressing the sexual health of their patients, nurses have an important contribution in assuring that experiencing UI should not necessarily translate into negative sexual quality of life.     

住院精神分裂症患者生存质量及相关因素

目的探讨慢性精神分裂症患者的生存质量以及相关因素。方法采用简明曼彻斯特生存质量评定量表(MANSA)和阳性和阴性症状量表(PANSS)对150例住院精神分裂症患者进行评定。结果住院精神分裂症患者质量偏低。不满意的因子项目为经济状况和社会交往;基本满意的因子项目为法律与安全及健康状况。影响患者生存质量的主要因素为:经济状况、费用来源、饮食满意度、业余生活满意度、躯体状况满意度、心理健康满意度、阴性症状和自知力。而与年龄、性别、教育程度、病程、家族史等无关。结论该生存质量评定量表给患者、家属、医生、政府等提供了有价值的工具。     

早期康复治疗对急性脑卒中患者生存质量的影响

目的:探讨早期康复治疗对脑卒中患者6个月后生存质量的影响。方法:80例脑卒中偏瘫患者随机分为康复组(40例)和对照组(40例)进行临床对照研究,两组均常规进行神经内科药物治疗,康复组加以运动疗法和言语治疗,并对每组患者在入组时和6个月后利用生存质量评定量表简表(WHOQOL-BREF)中文版对其生存质量(Qualityoflife,QOL)进行评定。结果:康复组两次生存质量评分分别为59.85±12.14、76.66±13.62,对照组为59.87±11.45、69.75±10.19;两组前后比较均有显著性差异(P<0.05);两组变化均数比较,康复组6个月后的QOL恢复优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:早期康复治疗可以提高急性脑卒中患者的生存质量。     

'The real stuff': implications for nursing of assessing and measuring a terminally ill person's quality of life

Two quality of life (QoL) assessment and measurement tools, the Client Generated Index (CGI) and the McGill Quality of Life (MQOL) questionnaires, were trialled within district nursing palliative care to test usefulness and feasibility for holistic intervention selection, individualized palliative care planning, and measurement of the quality of dying. The specific focus of this paper is to discuss the less tangible outcomes of the trial, which illuminate the partly 'hidden' value and nature of clinical nursing. These outcomes include awareness that the use of such tools may: by actual administration of the tool be, in and of itself, a therapeutic nursing action; focus on 'the real stuff from the client's perspective, that which matters most to the terminally ill client, but may not be classically considered as prompting nursing intervention; and facilitate 'the real stuff' of nursing, perhaps known but not usually articulated by nurses, and which usually does not feature on care plans nor in time allocation schedules.     

社会支持对肝硬化患者生活质量的影响研究

Objective To discuss the effect of social support to the quality of life of the patients with hepatocirrhosis. Methods 98 hepatocirrhosis patients in our hospital were divided into observation and control groups. Both the groups were accepted routine therapy and nursing while striving for social support for the patients of observation group, then having a whole evaluation to the status of patients, in the study early interference and health education were important. SSRE (Social Support Rating Scale) and SF - 36QOL made by America medi-cine graduate school to research and survey the two patients. Results The whole mark of social support (46.33 ±3.78) and the whole health of QOL (78.86±11.31 ) and every dimensionality of observation group were all bet-ter than those of control group (P<0.01) . Conclusions The social support can infect directly the QOL of pa-tients with hepatocirrhosis, all the doctors and nurses should recognition the system of social support, in order to improve the QOL of the patients.