右束支传导阻滞在急性心肌梗死中的临床意义

目的　评价伴随急性心肌梗死 (AMI)出现的右束支传导阻滞 (RBBB)的临床意义。方法　 2 94例 AMI分为RBBB组和非 RBBB组 ,比较两组患者的年龄、梗死部位、血清磷酸肌酸激酶 (CK)及其同工酶 (CK- MB)水平、心功能状态、严重并发症及住院死亡率。结果　 RBBB组血清 CK、CK- MB平均峰值为 (2 2 82 .0± 6 74.3) u/ L、(2 5 2 .6±137.3) u/ L ,明显高于非 RBBB组的 (192 0 .4± 5 6 9.2 ) u/ L、(114.8± 5 6 .7) u/ L (P<0 .0 0 5和 P<0 .0 1)。 RBBB组killip平均级别为 2 .33± 0 .5 4级 ,非 RBBB组为 1.46± 0 .6 3级 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,RBBB左心室舒张期末内径 (5 3.2± 9.6 m m )大于非 RBBB组 (4 5 .8± 8.2 m m,P<0 .0 5 ) ,左心室射血分数 [(4 8.9± 7.6 ) %]小于非 RBBB组 [(6 7.0± 3.7) %,P<0 .0 1]。 RBBB组心脏并发症发生率和住院死亡率高于非 RBBB组 (分别为 70 .8%和 39.0 %,P<0 .0 1;43.8%和 14.6 %,P<0 .0 1)。结论　 AMI并 RBBB患者梗死面积大 ,严重心脏并发症发生率和住院死亡率高。     

老年无Q波心肌梗死患者临床和冠状动脉病变特点

目的　评价老年Q波与无Q波型心肌梗死 (QMI与NQMI)患者的临床和冠状动脉病变的特点。　方法　记录QMI与NQMI患者的高血压、糖尿病病史 ,心肌梗死后的并发症和病死率 ,检测血脂、心肌酶 (CK MB) ,超声心动图测定左室射血分数 (LVEF) ,梗死后 3～ 4周内行冠状动脉造影 ,记录冠状动脉狭窄情况。　结果　两组患者中有高血压、糖尿病及高脂血症的比例相似 ,NQMI组CK MB峰值 (6 8 7± 18 6 )mmol/L明显低于QMI组 (10 8 6± 17 3)mmol/L(P <0 0 1) ,CK MB峰值时间 (17 8± 3 4 )h较QMI组 (2 1 9± 4 8)h提前 ,LVEF(5 6 1± 11 2 ) %高于QMI组(5 0 3± 16 7) % ,均为P <0 0 5 ,心律失常发生率和病死率均低于QMI组 (P <0 0 1) ;QMI组发生心源性休克 3例、心脏破裂 3例、室壁瘤形成 11例 ,而在NQMI组中未出现。单支、双支及 3支血管病变比例两组差异无显著性 (P >0 0 5 ) ;QMI组梗死相关动脉闭塞例数明显高于NQMI组 (P <0 0 1)。　结论　老年NQMI患者急性期预后较QMI患者好 ,梗死相关动脉闭塞率较QMI患者低。     

老年急性心肌梗死伴右束支传导阻滞近期预后分析

目的　研究老年急性心肌梗死 (AMI)伴右束支传导阻滞 (RBBB)患者的临床预后。　 方法　收集本院近 10年收住院老年AMI 2 0 3例患者的临床资料分为 2组 ,观察组 (伴有RBBB) 2 4例 ,对照组 (不伴RBBB) 179例 ,进行一般情况及并发病比较 ,临床经过及住院病死率比较。观察组再分为 3组 ,AMI伴新出现持久性RBBB组 13例 ,与AMI伴新出现短暂性RBBB组 6例及AMI既往有RBBB组 5例进行临床特点及病死率比较。　 结果 　 2组一般情况及并发病比较无明显差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,2组临床经过及住院病死率比较 ,观察组中的休克、恶性心律失常、前壁心肌梗死的发生率、病死率、心功能不全及房室传导阻滞均较对照组显著增高 (P <0 .0 5～ 0 0 1)。观察组中 3组比较 ,新出现持久性RBBB患者的前壁AMI及病死率比新出现短暂RBBB及既往有RBBB患者显著增高 (P <0 .0 5～ 0 0 1)。　 结论　AMI伴新出现持久性RBBB患者临床经过危险 ,预后不良。     

老年非Q波心肌梗死148例临床分析

非 Q波心肌梗死 (NQMI)发病率呈逐年上升趋势 ,可能与近年来敏感的诊断指标、早期溶栓、阿斯匹林及肝素应用有关。兹就 NQMI148例 ,作一回顾性临床分析。1　临床资料选择 1995年 2月～ 2 0 0 0年 2月间急性心肌梗死 (AMI)病例 (我院及北京阜外心血管病医院 ) 12 6 3例 ,其中 NQMI2 16例 (17.1% )。老年 NQMI148例 ,并选择同期 148例老年 QMI进行比较。老年 NQMI组 148例中男 83例 ,女 6 5例 ,年龄 6 1～81岁 ,平均 6 8.2岁 ;148例 QMI组中男 99例 ,女 49例 ,年龄6 0～ 82岁 ,平均年龄 6 4.5岁。表 1　两组病人心绞痛、心衰、CP…     

老年重下中暑患者血浆热应激蛋白70及其抗体水平的变化

目的　探讨热应激蛋白 70 (HSP70 )水平及其抗体滴度在老年人重症中暑发生、发展中的特点及意义。　方法　应用 Western blot法测定血浆中 HSP70水平 ;应用酶联反应技术经倍比稀释测定血浆 HSP70抗体滴度。　结果　重症中暑的老年、非老年组 HSP70水平分别为 42 2 6± 12 49、385 6± 15 92 ,均明显低于健康的老年、非老年对照组的 6 0 91± 196 1、5 991± 90 5 (均为 P<0 .0 1)。重症中暑的老年组 HSP70抗体 1∶ 10以上阳性率为 80 .6 % ,明显高于其他各组 (均为 P <0 .0 1) ,且死亡的 5例老年患者 H SP70抗体滴度均呈高水平状态。　结论　 HSP70表达水平下降及 HSP70自身抗体产生可能与老年人重症中暑的发生有关。     

氧化型低密度脂蛋白自身抗体与老年高血压患者的相关性探讨

目的　探讨氧化型低密度脂蛋白 (ox L DL )自身抗体与老年高血压病患者之间的关系。方法　应用酶联免疫法检测 1 1 9例年龄≥ 60岁 (老年组 )和 81例年龄 <60岁 (非老年组 )高血压患者循环血中 ox LDL自身抗体 ,并同步测定 ox LDL、血脂水平。结果　老年组高血压患者血清自身抗体 Ig G(2 3.1 5± 2 .91 ) U/ L显著高于非老年组 (1 0 .2 1± 1 .1 1 ) U/ L,P<0 .0 5;血浆 ox LDL (44.96± 4.39) mg/ L与非老年组 (39.32± 4.49) mg/ L无显著性差别 (P>0 .0 5) ;且自身抗体 Ig M在两组间 (4.56± 0 .67) U/ L、(7.71± 4.43) U/ L无显著性差别 ,P>0 .0 5;Ig G型自身抗体与 ox L DL 及血甘油三酯、总胆固醇均无相关性。结论　 ox LDL自身抗体 Ig G在老年高血压病患者中明显升高 ,可能与动脉粥样硬化有关 ,但与 ox LDL及血甘油三酯、总胆固醇无明显相关。     

不稳定心绞痛和非Q波心肌梗死抗凝治疗中血小板减低的临床意义

目的　本文旨在探讨肝素在治疗不伴有 ST段抬高的不稳定性心绞痛 (U AP)和非 Q波心肌梗死 (NQMI)患者中血小板减低的临床意义。方法　冠心病监护病房收治的 84 0例不伴有 ST段抬高的 U AP及 NQMI患者 ,给予肝素抗凝治疗 ,治疗后的 2 4小时测定患者的血小板计数 ,根据血小板测定结果 ,分成血小板减低组 (<10 0× 10 9/ L,n=2 4 )及非血小板减低组 (>10 0× 10 9/ L,n=816 )。结果　血小板减少的发生率为 2 .85 % ,血小板减少组住院病死率、顽固性心绞痛及出血合并症显著高于非血小板减低组 (分别为 18.31%比 5 .14 % ,P<0 .0 5 ;2 5 .0 0 %比 11.4 2 % ,P<0 .0 5和 33.33比 11.6 4 % ,<0 .0 1) ;急性心肌梗死发生率有高于非血小板减低组的趋势 (16 .6 7%比 11.0 3% ,但 P >0 .0 5 )。结论　在肝素治疗不伴有 ST段抬高的 U AP及 NQMI中 ,发生血小板减低者临床预后不良     

老年急性心肌梗死心性死亡患者的临床特征

目的　对比分析老年急性心肌梗死心性死亡患者的临床表现、并发症、治疗与非老年患者的异同。方法　以 1993年 1月至 2 0 0 2年 12月因急性心肌梗死相继收住解放军总医院冠心病监护病房的 2 0 0例心性死亡患者为对象 ,≥ 6 5岁者 16 6例 (称老年组 ) ,<6 5岁者 34例 (称非老年组 ) ,比较两组的临床特征。结果　 (1)两组冠心病、高血压病、饮酒史 (P <0 .0 1)、高血压病合并糖尿病史 (P <0 .0 5 )均有显著性差异 ;(2 )梗死前心绞痛及心肌梗死部位差异无显著性 ;(3)收缩压、脉压、左心室射血分数 ,有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1或P <0 .0 0 1) ;(4)老年组应用阿斯匹林治疗者及应用血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂治疗比例高于非老年组 (分别为 5 4 %比 2 4 %P <0 .0 1及 32 %比12 %P <0 .0 5 ) ;(5 )老年组左室射血分数低于 5 0 %者多 (82 %比 5 5 % ,P <0 .0 5 ) ;死于急性肺水肿者高于非老年组 (2 9%比 15 % ,P <0 .0 5 ) ,死于心脏破裂者较非老年组少 (8%比 2 4 % ,P <0 .0 5 )。结论　老年急性心肌梗死心性死亡患者心血管合并症多 ,收缩压高 ,脉压差大 ,左心室射血分数低 ,并发症发生率高 ,死于急性肺水肿者多。因此 ,积极有效治疗 ,减少并发症 ,保护心功能是改善老年急性心肌梗死患者预后的重要环节。     

老年高血压患者血清抵抗素水平的初步研究

目的　检测老年高血压患者血清抵抗素浓度 ,探讨抵抗素在老年人糖耐量降低中的意义。　方法　酶免疫测定法检测 5 5例高血压患者 (老年组 2 5例 ,非老年组 30例 )和 13例正常血压非老年者 (对照组 )的空腹血清抵抗素水平 ,口服葡萄糖耐量试验 (OGTT) ,胰岛素释放试验测定血浆葡萄糖浓度和血清胰岛素浓度 ,计算葡萄糖曲线下面积 (AUCG) ,根据Cederholm公式计算胰岛素敏感指数 (ISI)和OGTT开始 30min胰岛素和血糖变化的比值 (△I3 0 /△G3 0 ) ;测定体重指数 (BMI)及腰臀比 (WHR)。　结果　空腹血清抵抗素浓度老年组显著高于非老年组 (P <0 0 5 )和对照组 (P <0 0 5 ) ,分别为 (2 9 6± 12 4 )、(2 3 1± 8 9)和 (19 7± 5 3) μg/L ;空腹血糖 (FPG)老年组显著高于非老年组 (P <0 0 5 )和对照组 (P <0 0 5 ) ,分别为 (6 4± 1 2 )、(4 8± 0 4 )和 (4 9± 0 6 )mmol/L ;ISI老年组 (32 8± 10 8)显著低于非老年组 (4 8 8± 15 8) (P <0 0 5 ) ;△I3 0 /△G3 0 老年组 (8 6± 7 2 )显著低于非老年组 (14 0± 10 5 ) (P <0 0 5 )。年龄与抵抗素浓度呈显著正相关 ,FPG与年龄及抵抗素浓度呈显著正相关 ,年龄与ISI及△I3 0 /△G3 0 呈显著负相关 ,抵抗素浓度与ISI及△I3 0 /△G3 0 呈显著负相     

老年脑梗死超早期表观弥散系数特点及与溶栓预后的关系

目的　探讨老年脑梗死超早期核磁共振表观弥散系数 (ADC)的特点 ,及与大剂量尿激酶静脉溶栓近期预后的关系。方法　计算梗死中心区 ADC,并进行显著性检验 ,老年组结合发病 1 w时的临床结局进行直线回归及判别分析。结果　老年组 ADC均值为 4.81 85± 1 .761 6,非老年组为 5.934 2± 1 .680 2 (t=2 .2 975,P<0 .0 5) ;老年组溶栓前 ADC与发病 1 w时的神经功能缺损程度评分 (Y)的直线回归方程为 :Y=47.40 0 8- 6.354 5ADC(P<0 .0 1 ) ;发病 1 w时溶栓结局的判别方程式 :Y1 =- 3.893 9+1 .886 5ADC(恶化组 ) ,Y2 =- 1 1 .0 1 1 2 +3.80 2 8ADC(非恶化组 ) (P<0 .0 1 ) ,判别符合率为 89.74%。结论　 ADC定量分析对老年脑梗死超早期大剂量尿激酶静脉溶栓预后的估计有重要参考价值。     

Rheolytic thrombectomy during percutaneous coronary intervention improves long-term outcome in high-risk patients with acute myocardial infarction

OBJECTIVES: Aim of the present study was to compare the immediate and long-term effects of AngioJet rheolytic thrombectomy performed in the setting of a percutaneous coronary angioplasty (PTCA) with those of conventional PTCA in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and angiographic evidence of high intracoronary thrombus burden. BACKGROUND: Plaque rupture, with subsequent exposure to the flowing bloodstream of high thrombotic materials often leads to intravascular thrombosis, representing the main pathophysiological event of acute coronary syndromes. PTCA is the first-choice treatment for these patients in hospitals with cardiac catheterization facilities. However, distal embolization of thrombotic material, fibrin, and other fragments from atherosclerotic plaques might lead to procedural failure. METHODS: Immediate and 1-year follow-up results of a group of 30 consecutive patients, presenting with AMI and angiographic evidence of high thrombus burden, who underwent rheolytic thrombectomy and PTCA were compared with those of 30 consecutive patients with similar clinical presentation, risk profile, and angiographic picture, and treated with standard PTCA procedure. RESULTS: After the procedure, angiographic analysis showed a higher incidence of final thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) flow grade 3 in the AngioJet group (93.3% vs 83.3%, P = 0.034). In addition, mean corrected TIMI frame count (cTFC) was significantly lower in the AngioJet group (22.4 vs 32.4, P = 0,0004). At 1-year follow-up, patients treated with AngioJet showed a significantly lower incidence of death (3.33% vs 13.33%,P < 0.001), major adverse cardiac events (MACE: 10% vs 30%, P = 0.026), and need of revascularization (6.67% vs 20%, P = 0.013). CONCLUSIONS: Data of the present study highlight that AngioJet thrombectomy in selected AMI patients at high risk for distal thrombotic embolization results not only in immediately improved angiographic results as compared to conventional PTCA but, indeed, seems to be associated with a significantly better long-term clinical outcome.     

Effect of Reperfusion on P‐Wave Duration and P‐Wave Dispersion in Acute Myocardial Infarction: Primary Angioplasty versus Thrombolytic Therapy

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common arrhythmia occurring in about 10–20% of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). P‐wave dispersion (PWd) and P‐wave duration (PWD) have been used to evaluate the discontinuous propagation of sinus impulse and the prolongation of atrial conduction time, respectively. This study was conducted to compare the effects of reperfusion either by thrombolytic therapy or primary angioplasty on P‐wave duration and dispersion in patients with acute anterior wall myocardial infarction. Methods: We have evaluated 72 consecutive patients retrospectively (24 women, 48 men; aged 58 ± 12 years) experiencing acute anterior wall myocardial infarction (AMI) for the first time. Patients were grouped according to the reperfusion therapy received (primary angioplasty (PTCA) versus thrombolytic therapy). Left atrial diameter and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were determined by echocardiography in all patients. Electrocardiography was recorded from all patients on admission and every day during hospitalization. Maximum (P max) and minimum (P min) P‐wave durations and P‐wave dispersions were calculated before and after the treatment. Results: There were not any significant differences between the groups regarding age, gender, left ventricular ejection fraction, left atrial diameter and volume, cardiovascular risk factors, and duration from symptom onset to treatment. P‐wave dispersions and P‐wave durations were significantly decreased after PTCA [Mean P max was 113 ± 11 ms before and 95 ± 17 ms after the treatment (P = 0.007)]. Mean PWd was 46 ± 12 ms before and 29 ± 10 ms after the treatment (P = 0.001). Also, P max and PWd were significantly lower in PTCA group (for P max 97 ± 22 ms vs 114 ± 16 ms and for PWd 31 ± 13 ms vs 55 ± 5 ms, respectively). Conclusions: Primary angioplasty reduces the incidence of AF by decreasing P max and P‐wave dispersion.     

Efficacy of early reperfusion therapy at the acute stage of myocardial infarction in elderly patients: the USIK database

The role of early reperfusion therapy at the acute stage of myocardial infarctus in elderly patients is debated. The aim of this study was to analyze the prognostic role of reperfusion with i.v. thrombolysis or primary PTCA in the nationwide USIK database, which prospectively included all pts admitted to a CCU for an AMI < 48 hours in France in November 1998. For the purpose of the present study, only patients admitted within 24 hours of AMI and with one-year follow-up available were included. Of the 1838 patients included, 785 were > 70 years-old, of whom 225 (29%) had early reperfusion therapy with thrombolysis (N = 173) or primary PTCA (N = 52). Patients treated with early reperfusion had a baseline profile that differed substantially from that of patients treated conventionally: women (31% vs 50%, p < 0.001), admission within six hours of symptom onset (84% vs 55%, p < 0.001), history of systemic hypertension (48% vs 60%, p < 0.002), stroke (5% vs 11%, p < 0.01), peripheral arterial disease (8% vs 18%, p < 0.001); congestive heart failure (5% vs 20%, p < 0.001) or previous MI (12% vs 25%, p < 0.001), more anterior location of current MI (40% vs 28%, p < 0.002). Overall one-year Kaplan-Meier survival was 78% for patients with versus 64% for those without reperfusion therapy (p < 0.01). In patients with Q wave myocardial infarction, Cox multivariate analysis showed that reperfusion therapy was an independent predictor of survival (RR 0.66; 95% Confidence Interval: 0.45-0.96), along with age, anterior location and history of congestive heart failure. Therefore, data from this large "real life" registry indicate that reperfusion therapy with either thrombolysis or primary PTCA is associated with improved one-year survival in patients over 70 years of age.     

重组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂与直接冠状动脉内支架术治疗心肌梗死的疗效比较

目的　比较小剂量重组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂 (rt PA)与直接冠状动脉 (冠脉 )支架术治疗急性心肌梗死 (AMI)的临床疗效。方法　 131例患者接受小剂量rt PA 5 0mg静脉溶栓治疗 (溶栓组 ) ,130例患者接受梗死相关动脉 (IRA)直接冠脉支架术 (支架组 ) ,比较两组之间患者的临床治疗效果。结果　小剂量rt PA溶栓治疗组IRA再通率为 81 7%,直接冠脉支架组再通率为 98 5 %,两组差异有显著性 (P <0 0 0 0 0 1)。溶栓组再发心肌梗死、需要择期冠脉支架术明显高于支架组 (分别为7 6 %比 1 5 %,P <0 0 5 ;2 0 6 %比 0 ,P <0 0 0 0 1)。溶栓组住院期间左心室射血分数明显低于支架组[(5 5 6± 13 4 ) %比 (6 5 8± 9 2 ) %,P <0 0 0 0 1]。溶栓组平均住院天数也明显多于支架组 (16± 7比11± 4,P <0 0 0 0 1)。溶栓组住院病死率高于支架组 ,但差异无显著性 (6 1%比 3 1%,P >0 0 5 )。结论　与小剂量rt PA静脉溶栓比较 ,直接冠脉支架术可明显增加IRA的再通率 ,更好地保护心功能 ,并缩短患者的住院时间。     

溶栓治疗对急性心肌梗塞患者QTc间期的影响

为探讨溶栓治疗对急性心肌梗塞（ＡＭＩ）患者ＱＴｃ间期的影响，将７０例ＡＭＩ患者随机分为溶栓组（３２例）和未溶栓组（３８例）。两组病人发病后ＱＴｃ间期平均值均延长，两者比较无显著性差异（４５８±５２ｍｓｖｓ４７１±６０ｍｓ，Ｐ＞０．０５）。溶栓后１和３日ＱＴｃ间期明显延长，与未溶栓组入院后１和３日ＱＴｃ间期比较存在显著性差异（分别为４８８±５１ｍｓｖｓ４５５±５２ｍｓ，４８０±５４ｍｓｖｓ４５５±４４ｍｓ，Ｐ均＜０．０５），这种变化可能与溶栓后的缺血再灌注损伤有关。入院后７日两组ＱＴｃ间期比较无统计学差异（４４６±５６ｍｓｖｓ４５２±４１ｍｓ，Ｐ＞０．０５）。溶栓组入院后第１，３，７日与入院时ＱＴｃ间期平均值之差值分别为－（２９±１０），－（６±９），１０±８ｍｓ，未溶栓组则为１６±８，９±１０，１９±９ｍｓ，两组比较有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０５或＜０．０１）。因此比较ＱＴｃ间期缩短的速度比单纯比较ＱＴｃ间期对于判定溶栓治疗的疗效可能更有意义     

Global and regional myocardial function quantification in Takotsubo cardiomyopathy in comparison to acute anterior myocardial infarction using two-dimensional (2D) strain echocardiography

Aims: This study sought to compare global and regional myocardial function in Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TC) to that in acute anterior myocardial infarction (AMI) using 2D strain imaging. Methods: Twelve consecutive patients with TC (ten women, two men) and 12 patients with AMI (four women, eight men) underwent 2D echocardiography at initial presentation. 2D strain images were analyzed to measure longitudinal and radial strain. Global strain was calculated as the average longitudinal strain of the segments of two‐, three‐, and four‐chamber views. Biplane ejection fraction was assessed using Simpson's biplane method. Results: Significant differences in radial strain (TC vs. AMI) were found in lateral (13.5 ± 10.1% vs. 25.1 ± 11.2%, P = 0.035), posterior (15.2 ± 14.5% vs. 51.4 ± 14.2%, P < 0.001), and inferior (17.9 ± 15.5% vs. 49.4 ± 16.9%, P = 0.002) segments. Longitudinal strain was significantly lower in TC in basal‐inferior (?15.8 ± 9.2% vs. ?22.7 ± 3.8%, P = 0.037), midinferior (?8.3 ± 9.2% vs. ?16.8 ± 3.0%, P = 0.004), basal‐posterior (?12.2 ± 9.4% vs. ?21.6 ± 4.4%, P = 0.016), midposterior (?4.4 ± 8.0% vs. ?15.4 ± 3.5%, P = 0.002), apical‐posterior (2.3 ± 6.7% vs. ?6.4 ± 10.1%, P = 0.023), and midlateral (?3.4 ± 6.9% vs. ?9.5 ± 5.8%, P = 0.028) segments. Global strain and ejection fraction were significantly higher in patients with AMI (?3.5 ± 8.2% vs. ?10.3 ± 8.4%, P < 0.001 and 37 ± 11% vs. 46 ± 11%, P = 0.045). Conclusion: In TC, strain was reduced around the entire mid left‐ventricular circumference, whereas in AMI it was predominantly reduced in the anterior and anteroseptal wall. These observed differences confirm the notion that TC affects myocardium beyond the territory of a single coronary artery. They may allow noninvasive distinction between both entities. (Echocardiography 2011;28:715‐719)     

Efficacy of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty in patients with acute myocardial infarction--comparison with intracoronary thrombolysis

We retrospectively compared the efficacy of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) and intracoronary thrombolysis (ICT) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The ICT group consisted of 62 consecutive patients who underwent ICT before the introduction of PTCA for AMI and who were considered to be candidates for PTCA based on review of their cine-films. The PTCA group consisted of 92 consecutive patients who underwent PTCA thereafter. The reperfusion rate was significantly higher in the PTCA group than in the ICT group (92.4% vs 71.4%, p less than 0.01) and the residual stenosis was significantly lower in the former. Furthermore, the incidences of reinfarction and post-infarction angina were significantly lower in the former than in the latter (3.3% vs 12.9%, p less than 0.05 and 6.5% vs 29.0%, p less than 0.001 respectively). Although the degree of improvement in left ventricular function was influenced by the result of reperfusion, it was not affected by the reperfusion method. Therefore, PTCA did not improve left ventricular function more than ICT unless ICT alone failed to achieve reperfusion.     

急性心肌梗死患者溶栓后血浆中脑钠素浓度变化的研究

目的研究血中脑钠素(BNP)水平与急性心肌梗死溶栓后左心室射血分数(LVEF)和心肌缺血程度的关系。方法将198例顺序入选的急性心肌梗死行链激酶静脉溶栓治疗的患者分为溶栓成功组(105例)和溶栓未成功组(93例),检测所有患者的血BNP水平及测定LVEF,比较溶栓成功组与溶栓未成功组LVEF>40%和LVEF≤40%的BNP水平。结果溶栓成功组BNP水平明显低于溶栓未成功组的BNP水平(725.4±169.8)ng/L(P<0.05),溶栓成功组和未成功组中LVEF>40%患者的BNP水平[(107.7±46.5)ng/L,(488.5±88.9)ng/L]明显低于LVEF≤40%患者的BNP水平[(515.5±121.2)ng/L,(856.7±129.5)ng/L,P<0.01]。结论急性心肌梗死患者血中BNP水平与LVEF和心肌缺血程度有关。     

直接经皮腔内冠状动脉成形术对急性心肌梗死早期24小时心电稳定性的干预

为探讨直接经皮腔内冠状动脉成形术 (P PTCA)对急性心肌梗死 (AMI)早期 2 4h心电稳定性的影响 ,对发病≤ 6h并接受P PTCA治疗的 2 2例AMI患者 (P PTCA组 )进行动态心电图监测 ,持续观察其 2 4hQT间期值 (QT)和室性心律失常等心电指标变化 ,并与 15例梗死相关动脉 (IRA)未通患者 (对照组 )作对比。结果 :①P PTCA组的QT 2 4h内逐渐延长 ,其最小值 (术前 1h ,34 6± 16ms)与最大值 (术后第 2 3小时 ,391± 16ms)有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1) ,与对照组的变化趋势类同。②P PTCA术前的心率校正QT(QTc)为 388± 15ms ,于术后开始迅速显著延长 ,至第 2小时达高值 (42 8± 17ms)后轻度缩短 ,然后又有逐渐延长趋势 ;对照组的QTc变化趋势与QT基本相同。③室性异位激动于P PTCA第 1小时 (5 31± 480次 )较术前 (185± 12 0次 )即迅速增加 ,主要见于术后的 3h内 ;对照组的室性异位激动在 2 4h内散在出现。提示AMI患者于P PTCA早期心电不稳定性增加 ,此为IRA开通和心肌再灌注损伤的临床强力指标之一。     

Comparison of interventional and conservative treatment on in-hospital outcomes in elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction

Objectives To compare the in-hospital outcomes of elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) treated by interventional or conservative protocols. Patients and Methods One handred and seventy-six consecutive patients hospitalized for AMI were involved, including 95 patients underwent emergent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) within 24 h after the onset of AMI and 81 patients received conservative non-invasive therapies. Clinical characteristics and in-hospital cardiac events of these two divisions were analyzed. Results In the PCI group, success rate of procedure and lesions was 98.9% and 98.5% , respectively. Procedure related complication were occurred in 6 cases(6.3% ) and no patient died during operative procedures. PCI group had a lower in-hospital mortality (11.6% vs24.7%, P<0.05) and overall cardiac events rate (24.2%vs56.8%, P<0.01) compared with conservative group. Patients complicated by pump failure at admission in PCI group had a lower mortality compared with their counterpart in conservative group(27.3% vs60.9%, P<0.05). The average hospital duration between the two groups was no significant differences. The coronary care unit (CCU) duration of the PCI group was less than that of conservative group (4±5d vs 8±5d, P < 0.05). Conclusions In elderly patients with AMI, interventional treatment can significantly decrease the in-hospital mortality and cardiac events rate compared with conservative treatment, thus gains a better short-term outcome. (J Geriatr Cardiol 2005;2(1) :24-27. )